JPS6021672Y2 - High temperature shell heat exchanger - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to a high-temperature shell-type heat exchanger, in particular a so-called so-called high-temperature shell heat exchanger in which a tube sheet on the high-temperature side and to which a flow tube is fixedly attached is integrally formed with a shell. The present invention relates to a heat exchanger having a structure suitable for cleaning scale and impurities that have adhered to the tube surface on the tube bundle shell side during operation.

The first structural example of a conventional general high-temperature shell heat exchanger is
As shown in the figure.

This conventional heat exchanger has a shell container 10 formed into an elongated cylindrical shape with one end open.

The inside of this shell container 10 is provided with a plurality of tubes 12 arranged in parallel along its longitudinal direction.

This tube 12 is supported at both ends by a tube sheet 14 and a floating tube sheet 16.

One tube sheet 14 is integrally formed with the shell container 10 and the channel 18, and passes through one end of the tube 12 to open into the channel 18.

The other floating tube sheet 16 is supported at a position protruding from the open end of the shell container 10, and forms an outlet chamber 22 between it and a floating head 20 attached to its outer surface.

Therefore, the hot fluid is transferred from said channel 18 to tube 12.
The fluid flows through the tube 12 to reach the outlet chamber 22, and is cooled while flowing through the tube 12.

Further, the outlet chamber 2 is provided at the open end of the shell container 10.
A shell cover 24 is attached to cover the shell container 10, and the shell cover 24 and the shell container 10 are connected to each other by a flange joint 26.

A baffle plate 28 is further attached inside such a container body in a direction transverse to the tube 12.

A plurality of baffle plates 28 are installed at regular intervals along the axial direction of the tube 12, and alternately form flow paths between the baffle plates 28 and the shell container 10 to cause the heat exchange medium to flow in a meandering manner within the shell container 10. It is set to be

The baffle plates 28 are connected to each other by tie rods 30 so as not to change their set positions, and spacers 32 are installed between adjacent baffle plates 28 to maintain the distance between them. be.

By the way, in this type of heat exchanger, the high temperature fluid
If the temperature reaches approximately 00 to 800°C,
The temperature gradient while flowing through the tube 12 is as shown in FIG. 2, and in the outlet chamber 22 it is cooled to about 400 to 500°C.

Therefore, in this type of heat exchanger, the flange joint 26, which is the joining part between the shell container 10 and the shell cover 24, is placed close to the floating tube sheet 16 on the low temperature side so that the seal part is not affected by heat. It is set in the position.

For the same reason, the end of the tie rod 30 is set at a position corresponding to the flange joint 26 when tightened with a nut.

Therefore, in this type of high-temperature shell heat exchanger,
There was a problem in that substantially the entire area of the tube 12 was covered by the shell container 10, making it impossible to clean the outer surface of the tube 12.

Particularly on the low temperature side where the flange joint 26 is provided, at least a portion of the tube 12 can be exposed by removing the shell cover 24, but on the high temperature side the tube sheet 14 is integrated with the shell container 10. , there is a problem because the tube 12 in this area cannot be exposed.

As a result, since the inside of the shell container 10 cannot be cleaned, the heat exchange efficiency deteriorates during long-term use, causing the heat exchanger to lose its function.

The present invention focuses on the above-mentioned conventional problems and aims to provide a high-temperature shell heat exchanger that can clean the tubes located inside the shell container.

In order to achieve the above object, the high-temperature shell heat exchanger according to the present invention is provided with a high-temperature fluid distribution tube inside the shell container and a plurality of baffle plates for meandering the flow of the heat exchange medium. In the equipment, a flange joint part that divides the shell container is provided on the high temperature range side corresponding to the allowable temperature limit of the gasket interposed in the joint part, and a baffle plate is arranged on the divided high temperature range side. A configuration in which the baffle plates placed on the low-temperature region side are connected and fixed by independent tie rods, and at least the tie rod on the high-temperature region is equipped with a spacer divided between adjacent baffle plates to maintain the spacing. And so.

With this configuration, the shell container can be divided even on the high temperature region side, so the baffle plate on the high temperature region side can be removed to expose the outer surface of the tube, making it possible to clean it.

Embodiments of the high-temperature shell heat exchanger according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

Components that are the same as those of the prior art example are designated by the same reference numerals and their explanations will be omitted.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the high temperature shell heat exchanger according to this embodiment.

As shown in this figure, the heat exchanger according to this example is
The shell container 10 is divided into a high temperature region container body 64 and a low temperature region container body 36.
It is divided into two parts.

That is, the shell container 10 is formed with a flange 26A that connects the shell cover 24;
A flange joint 3B is provided separately from A and close to the high temperature area.

This flange joint 38 consists of a flange 38A provided at the end of the high temperature range container body 34 and a flange 38B provided at the low temperature range container body 36, and when the two butt, a gasket 4 is attached to the surface.
The bolts are tightened with 0 interposed.

Here, the setting position of the flange joint 38 is determined as follows.

The temperature of the high-temperature fluid flowing into the heat exchanger is roughly determined by its supply source, and is
The temperature gradient in the longitudinal direction of the shell up to 2 shows a substantially constant tendency, resulting in a gradient curve as shown in FIG.

Here, in the shell container 10 having a split structure, the reliability of the seal is due to the reliability of the gasket 40 used at the split surface, that is, the flange joint 38.

Therefore, the gasket 40 is made of a heat-resistant material and is set at a position as close to the high temperature range as possible to the allowable temperature limit position of the gasket 40.

In this embodiment, a stainless metal gasket is used as the gasket 40, and since the allowable temperature is approximately 600°C, the flange joint 38 is set at a position corresponding to 600°C on the temperature gradient curve (Fig. 2). .

Therefore, the flange joint 38 is provided on the high temperature range side corresponding to the allowable temperature limit of the gasket 40, and the shell container 10 has a divided structure while ensuring seal reliability.

Further, since the shell container 10 is divided, a plurality of baffle plates 28A are arranged inside the high temperature region container 34, and a plurality of baffle plates 28B are similarly arranged inside the low temperature region container 36. It will be installed.

Therefore, the baffle plates 28A located inside the high temperature range container 34 and the baffle plate 28B located inside the low temperature range container 36 are connected and fixed by independent tie rods 42 and 44, respectively.

That is, within the high-temperature region container body 34, the plurality of baffle plates 28A are tightly connected using tie rods 42 passed through in the same direction as the tubes 12, while maintaining the spacing by spacers 46.

This concrete structure is shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 4, tie rods 42 coupled to tube sheet 14 extend through baffle plate 28A to a position where flange joint 38 is formed.

This tie rod 40 is provided with a spacer 46 to maintain a constant distance between the baffle plates 28A, and this spacer 46 is formed from a pair of spacers 46A and 46B that divide the distance between the baffle plates 28A into two. It is something that

This spacer 46A allows the baffle plate 28 to
A will be stably held at its set position.

This allows a meandering flow of the heat exchange medium to be formed.

Note that the tie rod 42 protrudes further than the final baffle plate 28A located on the open end side of the high temperature range container body 34, and the divided body 46A of the spacer 46 is attached to this protrusion, and the double nut 48 is used. I try to fix it.

On the other hand, the baffle plate 28B disposed inside the low-temperature container body 36 uses a spacer 32 having a length corresponding to the baffle plate spacing, as in the conventional case, and thereby maintains the spacing while tie rods protrude from the baffle plates 28B at both ends. A double nut 50 is screwed onto the tip of the baffle plate 28B to support it on the surface of the baffle plate 28B.

According to the high-temperature shell heat exchanger according to this embodiment configured as described above, the surface of the tube 12 inside the shell container can be easily cleaned.

That is, since the shell container 10 can be divided into the high temperature region container body 34 and the low temperature region container body 36, the low temperature region container body 36 is divided in advance at the flange joint 38 position and then removed.

Then, the double nut 48 screwed onto the tie rod 42 on the high temperature range container body 34 side is removed, and the spacer 46A is removed from between it and the baffle plate 28B on the low temperature range side.

Thereafter, since the baffle plate 28A is inserted through the tube 12, it moves along this toward the low temperature region side until it abuts the tip of the tie rod 44 on the low temperature region side.

After one baffle plate 28A has been moved, the pair of spacers 46A and 46B, which are attached to the tie rods, are removed from the ends of the tie rods 42.

In this case, the space between the tip of the tie rod 42 and the baffle plate 28A that has been drawn in advance needs to be set larger than the length of the spacers 46A and 46B.

Next, when the baffle plates are sequentially moved toward the low temperature region side while removing the spacers 46, the front baffle plate 28A is removed from the high temperature region container body 34 as shown in FIG. 4
2 will be exposed.

In such a state, cleaning liquid can be sprayed into the interior of the high-temperature range container body 34 to remove dirt adhering to the outer surface of the tube 12.

As described above, according to this embodiment, since the baffle plate 28 was present in the shell container 10 which is open only on one end, it was not possible to clean the tube 12 at the inner part of the shell container 10. By moving the baffle plate 28A, the tube 12 inside the high-temperature region container body 34, which is divided and sealed, is exposed, thereby making it possible to clean the tube 12.

Further, since the dividing position of the shell container 10 corresponds to the permissible temperature limit position of the gasket 40, the reliability of the seal is sufficiently exhibited.

In addition, the tube 12 located inside the low temperature region container body 36
Since the low temperature range container body 36 is removable,
By removing this, the tube 12 is exposed to the outside and can be easily cleaned, so there is no problem.

In particular, in this embodiment, the high temperature range baffle plate 28
Since the tip of the tie rod 42 that connects and fixes A is fixed with a nut after installing the split spacer 46A, even if the nut seizes, the seize part can be cut off and the split spacer 46A can be shortened. This has the advantage that even if seizure occurs several times, it can be reused several times.

As explained above, since the shell container according to the present invention has a split structure without impairing the sealing performance, it is possible to remove the low-temperature region container body and expose the corresponding tube to the outside for cleaning. For the tube inside the container, the divided spacer can be easily removed from the gap between the tie rod tip on the high temperature side and the baffle plate on the low temperature side, and the baffle plate can be pulled toward the low temperature side and moved. The tube surface can be exposed for cleaning even if it remains inside the high temperature range container body.

Therefore, an excellent effect is achieved in that the tube inside the shell container can be cleaned, which has not been possible in the past.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional high-temperature shell heat exchanger;
The figure is a temperature gradient diagram of the heat exchanger, Figure 3 is a sectional view of the high-temperature shell heat exchanger according to this embodiment, Figure 4 is an enlarged sectional view of the same main part, and Figure 5 is movement of the baffle plate. It is a sectional view showing a state. 10... Shell container, 12... Tube, 24... Shell cover 26, 38...
...Flange joint, 28, 28A, 28B...
・Baffle plate, 30, 42, 44... Tie rod, 32, 46.46A, 46B... Spacer, 34... High temperature range container body, 36...
...Low temperature range container body, 40... Gasket.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] In a high-temperature shell-type heat exchanger that has a high-temperature fluid distribution tube disposed inside the shell container and a plurality of baffle plates that meander through the heat exchange medium, the flange joint that divides the shell container is The baffle plate 1 is installed on the high-temperature region side corresponding to the allowable temperature limit of the gasket interposed in the joint, and the baffle plates placed on the divided high-temperature region side are independent from each other, and the baffle plates arranged on the low-temperature region side are independent from each other. A shell-type heat exchanger for high temperatures, characterized in that the tie rods on the high temperature region side are connected and fixed, and spacers divided between adjacent baffle plates are attached to at least the tie rods on the high temperature region side to maintain the spacing.