JPS6095098A - Polyurethane structure for crushing rock - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] This invention utilizes the fracture energy of urethane elastomer, which has fracture expandable horns with a large toughness index, to create vibration-free and vibration-free construction of concrete structures, rock, etc.
This invention relates to a polyurethane structure for rock crushing that can be crushed under a 3i sound.

Conventionally, rock excavation has been carried out using crushers such as concrete breakers, excavation using directional explosives, excavation using air hammers, etc. However, in places where it is necessary to completely avoid vibration and noise, is also unusable.

Next, embodiments of the polyurethane structure for rock crushing of the present invention will be described in detail based on exemplary drawings.

FIG. 1 shows, in cross section, the essential parts of a rock crushing device FM as an example of operating the polyurethane structure for rock crushing of the present invention.

The outline of this construction method is as follows: Drill hole D1-1 drilled in bedrock RB
This method crushes the target object without vibration or noise by inserting a crushing device inside and pressurizing it with jack 1.

The polyurethane structure for rock crushing of this invention, which is the main body of this construction method, uses a urethane elastomer with a large toughness index in the elastomer, and is made from a plurality of cylindrical unit molded bodies. A crushing function body FFS having a large elastic energy is inserted into the tip of the tension rod, and both ends are sandwiched between metal plates.
This crushing function body FFS is pressurized and compressed between metal plates and is crushed along the joints of the rock by the lateral expansion force.

This example rock crushing device FM has a jack of 1 and a capacity of 1.
00t~200t center ball jack), tension rod 2, ram chair 3, cylindrical unit molded body 4,
A cylindrical ram chair with a structure made of 5.5 metal plates.
A tension rod 2 sliding inside the metal plate 5.3 is slid up and down by a jack 1, and a crushing function body FFS is inserted into the tip of the tension rod 2.
It is clamped and fixed at 5.

The above-mentioned cylindrical unit molded body 4 is made of a urethane elastomer with a toughness index of 80 degrees or more, hardness 1 (J18, spring type rubber hardness tester), which tends to increase in both tensile strength and elongation. It is designed to obtain energy, and exhibits a great crushing effect in the hardness range of about 80' to 95°. That is, a plurality of cylindrical unit molded bodies 4 of urethane elastomer (usually 5 to 8 pieces) are inserted into the tip of the tension rod 2 to constitute the fracture I geometric body FFS. At the same time, the tension rod 2 is pulled up by the jack 1, and the ram chair 3 is pushed down, and a compressive force is applied between the metal plate 5.5 between the ram chair 3 and the tension rod 2, and a large expansion force is applied laterally (in the radial direction). It is something that occurs.

Drilling holes are usually drilled with a percussion drill from 125n++nφ to (35mmφ) depending on the condition of the rock mass. Therefore, the outer diameter of the cylindrical unit molded body is usually set at a compression ratio of around 10% and the diameter of the hole is approximately 10%. is formed.

Moreover, when crushing a large amount of rock, the rock crushing device FM is mounted on a flora or the like and inserted. The pressure applied by the jack 1 is determined by the crushing depth, and the jacking capacity is determined by the depth 1.
The stroke of the jack 1 is approximately 40% of the metal height of the crushing function body FFS.

In addition, the lateral pressure applied to the rock by the crushing function body FFS is 150
k(+/Cl112).

In the case of rocks, cracks tend to form along joints when cracks occur due to this lateral pressure.

Figure 2 shows a cylindrical unit molded body 4 of urethane elastomer.
This is an elevational view showing an example of a modified type, in which the basic shape with a straight outer peripheral surface is partially modified, and the outer diameter OD, inner diameter ID,
It has a cylindrical shape with a height of 1.5 cm, and its outer peripheral surface consists of an end surface e and an inverted crown part RC, and the inverted crown part RC is
When this is compressed in the height direction, an inverted crown portion is formed that expands laterally and becomes linear when compressed by 3% to 5%. This was designed to eliminate residual permanent strain due to plastic deformation of the urethane elastomer in advance and to obtain excellent restorability.

After this cylindrical unit molded body 4 has been crushed once, it is inserted into the next punched hole and crushed, and the crushing is repeated in sequence, so that it is frequently moved in and out of the punched hole. Therefore, if the permanent deformation is large, there is a risk that it will cause trouble in getting in and out.

By forming such an inverted crown part, even if there is permanent distortion, the center part of the outer periphery after restoration will not become larger than the outer diameter OD, which is preferable because it will not cause problems in getting in and out.

Note that when the crushing function body FFS, which is made by stacking a small number of cylindrical unit molded bodies 4 and clamping and fixing them between metal plates 5.5, is compressed, the perforation hole is filled and the awns are applied to generate crushing force. As the pressure progresses, the cylindrical unit molded body 4 at both ends
However, the metal plate 5.5 enters the gap between the metal plate 5.5 and the perforated hole DH and deforms, causing damage. In particular, limited to the cylindrical unit molded body 4 at both ends, the inverted crown portion RC shown in FIG. When compressed by %, a large inverted crown part is formed that expands laterally into a straight line, suppressing as much as possible the deformation that enters the gap at both ends due to crushing pressure, and preventing damage. There is a need to.

In addition, the crushing function body FFS held between the metal plates 5.5 is compressed to fill the perforation hole, and the filling state spreads sequentially from the center to the edges to increase the rock pressing force. It is preferable to increase the One method is to set a hardness difference in cylindrical unit molded bodies 4 of the same height.

In other words, the crushing function body FF held between the metal plates 5.5
The hardness of the S cylindrical unit molded body 4 is in the range of 80° to 95°, and the closer to the metal plate 5.5, the higher the hardness, and the closer to the center, the lower the hardness, as shown in Fig. 3. As shown in the elevational view of the crushing function body, if the position codes of the cylindrical unit molded bodies are 5, a, b, , c, and 7 (figure omitted), all), C, d. , for example, a-95°, b = 90°, C = 85°.

a-95°, b = 92", 'C' = 9'O".

a=93°, b=90°, C,=87°.

a=901, b-87°, C=84°.

a -88°, b=84°, C=80'.

a -95°, b =93°, C=90', d=
Although various combinations such as 87' are possible, the most preferable combination is used depending on the state of the rock mass and the amount of energy required for crushing.

The elevational view of the crushing function body in Figure 4 shows the cylindrical shape of the crushing function body FFS held between metal plates 5.5! ) The height of the No. 1 molded body 4 is set lower as it is closer to the metal plate and higher as it is closer to the center, and during compression, the filling operation is facilitated by sequentially expanding and filling from the center of the perforated hole DH. It is something to do.

As shown in the figure, the position code of the cylindrical unit molded body 4 is
As in the figure, in the case of 5 combinations, a, 1), and in the case of 007 combinations (not shown) a', b.

For example, if c and d are group A (a = 50 mlR, b = 100111 m5C
= 15011111), 8 sets (a = 80 mm Sb
= 100 mm, c = 130 mm), 0 sets (a
= 100 mm, b = 130 mm, c =
150 mm>, Group D (a = 50 nun Sb
= 80 mm, c = 100 mm.

d = 13 On + Ox), etc. Considering the difference between the diameter of the perforated hole D H and the outer diameter of the cylindrical unit molded body 4, that is, the size of the gap, the combination of heights a, b, and c is appropriately considered. It is what you use. In this case as well, a suitable hardness in the range of 80° to 95° is selected and used for each set depending on the rock condition.

In addition, in each combination, by separately setting an intrusion prevention addition body PA of a cylindrical unit molded body 4 having a low height and/or high hardness in the part that contacts the metal plate 5.5, the connection with the perforated hole DH is prevented. It can prevent intrusion into gaps.

For example, in the case of the above set 0, PA=30 mm.

a = 10'Omm, b = 13011111
1XC=150111111.

b=130mm, a=10onon, PA=3O
n+m.

There are 7 pieces.

The elevational view in FIG. 5 shows the reinforcing material RM with a portion cut away, and shows an example of the metal plate adhesive type crushing function body FFS.

In other words, the urethane elastomer of the cylindrical unit molded body 4 at both ends of the crushing function body FFS is adhesively fixed to the metal plate 5.5. In this contact r1, the cylindrical unit molded body 4 of the adhesive part is bonded to the metal plate through the reinforcing material RM, such as an aliN or metal mesh, embedded with a urethane elastomer of the same type as the cylindrical unit molded body 4, thereby creating a strong compression. We were able to obtain adhesive strength that could withstand the force. With this configuration, the urethane elastomer is prevented from entering into the gap between the perforated hole D1-1 and the metal plate 5.5, and durability can be significantly increased.

In addition, as mentioned above, this polyurethane structure for rock crushing compresses the crushing function body FFS consisting of the cylindrical unit molded body 4 and applies a crushing expansion force to crush the rock. The outer surface of the cylindrical unit molded body 4 made of urethane elastomer is pressed against and slides on the uneven surface of the inner surface of the drilled hole DH, which causes damage due to pressure contact force and frictional force. .

Therefore, it is necessary to consider the setting of the protective cover to increase durability.

FIGS. 6 and 7 illustrate the structure of this tubular protective cover.

FIG. 6-1 is a front view of a protective cover in which a reinforcing material in the axial direction of the tube is embedded, with a portion cut away to show the reinforcing material.

FIG. 6-2 is a sectional view of the same.

The protective cover PC having the axial reinforcing material is a tubular body consisting of a reinforcing material 6, an outer covering layer 7, and an inner covering layer 8, and caps CP covering the reinforcing material are formed at both ends. The reinforcing material 6 is made of metal wires, metal cords, or organic fiber cords arranged in a direction parallel to the axis of the tube,
It is embedded and molded with a rubber-based or resin-based elastic polymer material, and an outer covering layer 7 and an inner covering layer 8 of elastic polymer material are formed inside and outside. Steel wires and steel cords are mainly used as metal reinforcing materials, and tire cords are mainly used as organic fiber cords. As the elastic polymer material, a rubber-based or resin-based material having appropriate elasticity and good restorability is used.

This axial stiffener structure expands only in the lateral direction without stretching or contracting in the longitudinal direction.

FIG. 7-1 is a front view of a protective cover in which a reinforcing material is embedded in a bias direction with respect to the axis of the cover, with a portion cut away to show the reinforcing material. FIG. 7-2 is a sectional view of the same.

The protective cover PC having the bias direction reinforcing material is a tubular body consisting of the reinforcing material 9, the outer covering layer 7, and the inner covering layer 8, and has 4-yaps CP formed at both ends as in FIG. 6. The reinforcing material 9 is made of metal wires, metal cords, or organic fiber cords arranged in a biased manner with respect to the axis of the whistle, and the elastic polymer material used for embedding is the same as that shown in FIG.

Note that it is desirable that the angle θ of the bias direction reinforcing material be smaller than 45° to reduce the elongation in the axial direction.

The protective cover P'C shown in Figs. 6 and 7 above has a drilled hole DH.
It is inserted over the entire length of the Therefore, it can be easily pulled out after the rock has been crushed. :1, ta,
Since the crushing function body FFS is pressed or slid against the flat inner surface of the protective cover PC, there is no risk of IQ damage. In addition, C10 damage caused by the mouth that bites into cracks in the rock during crushing is also prevented! , :me6(ku('
6, which contributes to the increase in l.

4. Eko's Simple 11 River FD1 Light Figure 1 shows this yt light's polyurethane structure for rock crushing. 1 Schematic cross-sectional view of the rock crushing equipment
Figure 3 is an elevational view of a modified version of a cylindrical intermediate molded body with an inverted crown on its surface; Figure 5 is a -j side view of the fractured 1-11 Hikyu in which a circle 8:)-shaped unit molded body is given a change in height. The w-plane view of the I geometry, Figure 6-1, is l1lI
A front view showing a partially cut-out reinforcing material of the protective cover that holds the I-line inner sleeve reinforcement, Fig. 6-2 is a sectional view of the same, and Fig. 7-1 is a protective cover with a bias direction reinforcing material. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 7-2 showing a partially cutaway reinforcing material.

R13...Rock D I-1...Drilling hole 1: [S.
...Crushed a-hedron RM...Reinforcement material e...End face part 1
< C... Reverse crown part PC... Protective cover 2.
...Tension [1 Tsudo 4...Cylindrical unit molded body 5
...Metal plate 6...Reinforcement 44 9...Reinforcement material agent Patent attorney Yasushi Oshima Fti

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] (1) A crushing function body formed by inserting and stacking a plurality of urethane elastomers made of cylindrical unit molded bodies with a hardness of 80° to 95° at the tip of a zero-tension tube inserted into a drilled hole in a rock. A polyurethane structure for rock crushing that is clamped and fixed between metal plates and compresses the crushing function body in the axial direction to provide crushing expansion force in the radial direction. (2) The polyurethane structure for rock crushing according to claim 1, wherein an inverted crown portion that becomes linear when compressed by 5% is formed on the inner outer circumferential surface of both end surfaces of the height of the cylindrical unit molded body. . (3) In the cylindrical unit molded body at both ends of the crushing function body, an inverted crown portion that becomes straight when compressed by 10% to 40% of the height is formed on the inner outer circumferential surface of both end surfaces. The polyurethane structure for rock crushing according to item 1. (4) In a cylindrical unit molded body in which a plurality of cylindrical unit molded bodies are inserted and stacked, the hardness of each cylindrical unit molded body is gradually lowered in the range of 80° to 95° from both ends to the center part. The polyurethane structure for rock crushing according to item 1. (5) The cylindrical unit molded bodies at both ends of a plurality of inserted and stacked cylindrical unit molded bodies are adhered to a metal plate via a reinforcing material embedded with the same type of urethane elastomer. polyurethane structure for rock crushing. (6) Rock crushing according to claim 1, in which a plurality of cylindrical unit molded bodies are inserted and stacked, and the height of each cylindrical unit molded body is gradually increased from both ends of the stack toward the center. polyurethane structure. [7] A crushing function body formed by inserting and stacking a plurality of urethane elastomers made of cylindrical unit molded bodies with a hardness of 80' to 95 degrees to the tip of the tension rod inserted into the perforation of @m is held between metal plates. A polyurethane structure for rock crushing that is fixed and has a tubular protective cover set on the inner surface of the drilled hole, compresses the crushing function body in the axial direction, and applies a crushing expansion force in the radial direction. (8) The polyurethane structure for rock crushing according to claim 7, wherein the tubular protective cover is made of a rubber-based or resin-based elastic polymer material. (9) The tubular protective cover is molded in M stages using a rubber-based or resin-based elastic polymer material, using metal wires, metal cords, or organic SE fiber cords arranged in a direction parallel to the axis of the tube as reinforcing materials. The polyurethane structure for rock crushing according to claim 7, which is a polyurethane structure for rock crushing. flol A patent in which a tubular protective cover is embedded and molded with rubber-based or resin-based elastic polymeric material, using metal wires, metal cords, or organic fiber cords as reinforcement materials arranged in a bias direction with respect to the axis of the tube. A polyurethane structure for rock crushing according to claim 7.