JP2007175608A - Method and tool for crushing - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and a tool for crushing which generate little noise, vibration or dust and enable rapid crushing of an object material. <P>SOLUTION: The crushing tool 2 has a channel member 22 attached to a to-be-crushed part of a concrete structure, a bar-shaped member 21 protruding into the cavity 225 within the channel member 22 and a plate-shaped member 23 arranged between edges 221 and 222 of the channel member 22 and a nut 211. When the bar-shaped member 21 is under a tension, the compression of the plate-shaped member 23 pressed by the nut 211 is converted into a nearly horizontal tensile force F through the channel member 22 owing to the rotation of the plate-shaped member 23 at the edges 221 and 222. The tensile force F produces cracks CR in the direction along the bar-shaped member 21, allowing crushing of the concrete structure in the longitudinal direction. Though being a mechanical crushing method, therefore, the method generates little noise, vibration or dust during the crushing of a concrete structure. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to various crushing methods for concrete structures and rocks and the crushing tool.

Conventionally, when disposing of solids such as concrete structures and rocks used to construct buildings, bridges, harbors, roads, railways, waterworks, embankments, etc., these solids are crushed using a breaker or the like. The method is commonly used.
On the other hand, as a static method of crushing without giving mechanical impact to the solid material, a static crushing agent that expands by hydration reaction is used, and the solid material cracks due to expansion of this static crushing material. There is also a method of crushing them (Patent Document 1). This static crushed material is inserted into a hole cut in a solid material. In the case of a solid material made of concrete, the static crushed material is installed on a reinforcing bar or the like before placing concrete (Patent Document 2).

JP-A-11-002032 JP 2002-285550 A

However, the method using a breaker or the like has problems such as generation of vibration, noise, and dust. In other words, it is required to reduce these as much as possible in consideration of the neighborhood of the site.
On the other hand, in the method using the static crushed material, it is crushed through a hydration reaction, so that it is difficult to process quickly. In other words, there is a restriction that when it is desired to crush, it cannot be crushed immediately.
In the case of concrete objects to be crushed, the static crushed material must be installed immediately before placing the concrete to prevent the crushed material from getting wet due to rain. there were.

  In view of such a problem, an object of the present invention is to provide a crushing method and a crushing tool that can crush a solid material rapidly with little generation of noise, vibration, and dust.

  In the crushing method of the present invention, a gap is provided in a portion to be crushed in an object to be crushed, a rod-like member protruding inside the gap is provided, and one edge portion on both sides of the rod-like member is sandwiched in the gap. A crushing member is provided on the other end edge portion, and the rod-like member protrudes in a direction intersecting with the longitudinal direction of the rod-like member on the opposite side of each chamfering member across the crushing member. The protruding portion is provided with a size smaller than the distance between the one end edge portion and the other end edge portion, and tension is applied to the rod-shaped member.

According to this invention, due to the tension of the rod-shaped member, the protruding portion provided on the rod-shaped member approaches the end edge portion of the gap, and the crushing member is compressed between the protruding portion and the end edge portion. The member is pushed into the gap while being inclined with respect to the edge of the gap. At this time, the one edge portion and the other edge portion are spread apart in a direction away from each other, whereby a tensile force acts on the object to be crushed, a crack is generated, and the object to be crushed is crushed. Here, the crushing member functions as a wedge.
In spite of mechanical crushing by such a crushing method, a wedge is not driven with a hammer or the like, so that noise, vibration, dust, etc. are hardly generated when crushing.

In addition, the object to be crushed can be quickly crushed without requiring a long time for crushing as in the case of using a static crushing agent. In particular, when the material to be crushed is made of a material that is weak against tensile force such as concrete, it is preferable that the material to be crushed easily cracks when it is spread with a crushing member.
Furthermore, since the work of tensioning the rod-shaped member can be easily performed using a jack or the like regardless of the skill of the operator, the crushing work can be facilitated as compared with the installation work of the static crushing material.
In addition, when the static crushing agent is used, the direction of cracks cannot be controlled, whereas in the present invention, along the direction intersecting the direction connecting one end edge of the gap and the other end edge. In addition, since cracks are generated substantially along the rod-shaped member, the crushing direction can be controlled in a desired direction according to the direction of one end edge and the other end edge of the gap set when the gap is provided. It becomes possible.
Here, as a method of providing the protruding portion on the rod-shaped member, for example, attaching a nut or the like to the female screw formed at one end of the rod-shaped member can be mentioned.

  In the crushing method of the present invention, the crushing member is configured to have a pair of plate-like members respectively disposed on the one end edge portion and the other end edge portion, and a plate surface on the end edge portion. The plate-like member is arranged so as to face each other, and the stepped portion is formed on the object to be crushed while holding a corner portion between the plate surface and the end surface of the plate-like member and continuing to the gap. Is preferred.

According to this invention, the crushing member has a plate-like member, and by holding the plate-like member on the stepped portion of the object to be crushed, the rod-like member is tensioned and the plate-like member is at the edge portion. When the crushing member rotates, the corner of the crushing member hits the inner periphery of the stepped portion, and the object to be crushed can be surely spread by pressing the plate-like member. Here, when the gap is destroyed when the plate-like member rotates, the position where the corners of the plate-like member face each other at the stepped portion becomes a fulcrum, and the object to be crushed is spread by the force acting on the edge portion. It is done. On the other hand, when the gap is not destroyed even when the plate-like member rotates, the edge of the gap serves as a fulcrum, and the object to be crushed is pushed and spread by the force acting on the corner side of the plate-like member. In this case, when the plate-like member is disposed opposite to the edge portion, the distance from the position where the plate-like member is pressed by the protruding portion to the edge portion is from the position where the plate-like member is held by the step portion. It is preferable to arrange so as to be larger than the distance to the edge portion. In this way, a large tensile force can be obtained with respect to the tension force based on the principle of the lever, so that it can be efficiently crushed.
The step portion may be formed by cutting the object to be crushed during crushing or the like, but may also be formed by previously embedding a crushing member in the object to be crushed when the object to be crushed is manufactured.

  In the crushing method of the present invention, the crushing member is configured to have a pair of plate-like members respectively disposed on the one end edge portion and the other end edge portion, and one of the plate-like members is arranged. The sum of the thickness dimension, the other thickness dimension, and the dimension of the projecting portion in the projecting direction may be larger than the dimension of the gap in the direction connecting the one end edge portion and the other end edge portion. preferable.

  According to this invention, the edge part of a space | gap can be reliably extended by the dimension setting of a space | gap, a crushing member, and a protrusion part. For this reason, it is not necessary to form the level | step-difference part which hold | maintains the crushing member in a to-be-crushed object by previously burying the crushing member in a to-be-crushed object as mentioned above, and it can construct easily.

  The crushing tool of the present invention includes a rod-shaped member protruding into a gap provided in a portion to be crushed in the object to be crushed, one end edge on the both sides of the rod-shaped member in the gap, and the other A crushing member provided at an end edge portion, and the rod-like member has the crushing member sandwiched between the opposite ends of the respective edge portions in the direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the rod-like member. A protruding portion that protrudes with a size smaller than the distance between one end edge portion and the other end edge portion is provided.

  According to this invention, due to the tension of the rod-shaped member, the crushing member pressed by the protruding portion is pushed into the gap, and the object to be crushed separates one end edge portion and the other end edge portion of the gap. It is pushed out in the direction and crushed. Thus, although it is a mechanical crushing means, crushing can be carried out with little noise, vibration, dust and the like. In addition, since it is a mechanical crushing means, it can be carried out quickly.

In the crushing tool of the present invention, it is preferable that the crushing tool includes a channel member that is provided in the object to be crushed to form the gap, and the channel member is formed with a hole through which the rod-shaped member passes.
Here, as long as one end edge part and the other end edge part are connected, the shape of the channel member does not matter.

According to the present invention, since one end edge portion and the other end edge portion of the gap are connected via the channel member, the force transmitted from the crushing member acts uniformly on the channel member and the channel member is deformed. Since the displacement at the time of one edge part and the other edge part separating from each other becomes large, crushing becomes easy.
Moreover, since a crack arises along the direction of the groove | channel extended inside a channel member, it becomes easy to control a crushing direction to a desired direction according to the direction which installs a channel member.
Since the rod member penetrates the channel member, the position of the channel member does not shift when the channel member is deformed, and the load is transmitted to the object to be crushed through the channel member. Can be crushed into pieces.

In the crushing tool of the present invention, it is preferable that the channel member has a groove portion having a substantially U-shaped cross section constituted by a pair of flanges and a web connecting the flanges.
According to this invention, when the edge of the channel member is pushed outside the gap, stress concentrates on the object to be crushed near the corners at both ends of the web, and cracks are easily generated near the corners. be able to.

In the crushing tool of the present invention, the crushing member has a plate-like member arranged at the one end edge portion and a plate-like member arranged at the other end edge portion. It is preferable.
According to this invention, a plate-like member having a simple configuration can be adopted as the crushing member by configuring the crushing member arranged on one end edge portion and the other end edge portion separately. The crushing member can be easily installed. Therefore, cost reduction of crushing work and efficiency of crushing work are achieved.

In the crushing tool of the present invention, the plate surface of the plate-shaped member is disposed so as to face the end edge portion, and the corner portion between the plate surface and the end surface of the plate-shaped member is continuous with the gap. Thus, it is preferable that the stepped part formed on the object to be crushed is held.
According to this invention, when the plate-like member is held by the stepped portion of the object to be crushed and the rod-like member is tensioned and the plate-like member is rotated with respect to the edge portion, the corner of the plate-like member is the stepped portion. Since it hits the inner periphery, the object to be crushed can be surely spread by pressing the plate-like member.

In the crushing tool of the present invention, the sum of one thickness dimension of the plate-like member, the other thickness dimension, and the dimension in the projecting direction of the projecting portion is calculated by: It is preferable that it is larger than the dimension of the gap in the direction connecting the two.
According to this invention, the edge part of a space | gap can be reliably extended by the dimension setting of a space | gap, a crushing member, and a protrusion part. For this reason, it is not necessary to form the level | step-difference part which hold | maintains the crushing member in a to-be-crushed object by previously burying the crushing member in a to-be-crushed object as mentioned above, and it can construct easily.

[First Embodiment]
Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a side cross-sectional view of a concrete structure 1 that is an object to be crushed in the present embodiment.
The concrete structure 1 is a columnar member that is manufactured by placing reinforcing bars (not shown) and placing concrete, and a sheath tube 111 is embedded in the concrete portion 11 along the longitudinal direction of the concrete structure 1. Yes. In the present embodiment, two sheath tubes 111 are provided in the radial direction of the concrete structure 1.
A plurality of crushing tools 2 for crushing the concrete structure 1 are provided according to the sheath tube 111. In FIG. 2 and subsequent figures, illustration of the sheath tube 111 is omitted.

FIG. 2 shows a main part of the crushing tool 2. The direction shown in FIG. 2 is 90 ° different from that in FIG. 1, and FIG. 2 shows the crushing tool 2 from the direction along the paper surface in FIG. FIG. 3 is an end view of the crushing tool 2.
The crushing tool 2 includes a rod-shaped member 21 that is inserted into the sheath tube 111 and extends to a portion in the longitudinal direction of the concrete structure 1, a channel member 22 provided at the lower end of the rod-shaped member 21, and an edge portion of the channel member 22 Are provided with two plate-like members 23 as crushing members, and the concrete structure 1 is crushed by the tension of the rod-like member 21 by the jack 9.

  The rod-shaped member 21 is a high-strength steel material (for example, a PC steel rod), and a nut 211 as a protruding portion is provided below the plate-shaped member 23.

As shown in FIG. 4, the channel member 22 is a U-shaped channel steel having a pair of flanges 22A and a web 22B (the grooves 22A and 22B constitute a groove portion). A hole 220 through which the member 21 is inserted is formed. The plate-like members 23 are provided on the end edge part 221 of one flange 22A and the end edge part 222 of the other flange 22A, respectively.
In this embodiment, the channel member 22 is formed of SS400, and the flange 22A and the web 22B have substantially the same plate thickness and are thinner than the plate-like member 23. Moreover, in this embodiment, the channel member 22 is installed in advance before placing concrete and is embedded in the concrete portion 11. At this time, for example, a pad made of polystyrene foam resin is accommodated in the channel member 22, or the channel member 22, the plate-like member 23, and the nut 211 are covered with the sheet member to the inside of the channel member 22 by appropriate means. Inflow of the concrete is prevented, and a gap 225 is formed inside the channel member 22. Here, the dimension of the gap 225 between the flanges 22 </ b> A is larger than the dimension of the nut 211 in the direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the rod-shaped member 21.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the plate-like member 23 is a pair of flat rectangular steel plates, and is placed on the end edges 221 and 222 of the channel member 22 substantially horizontally on both sides of the rod-like member 21. 230 is disposed so as to be sandwiched between the end edge portions 221 and 222 and the nut 221. In the present embodiment, these plate-like members 23 are also embedded in the concrete portion 11 like the channel member 22, and the corner portion 235 between the plate surface 230 and the end surface 233 of the plate-like member 23 is formed in the concrete portion 11. A step 115 to be held is formed. The step portion 115 has an L-shaped cross section and is continuous with the gap 225 inside the channel member 22.

  The jack 9 pulls the rod-shaped member 21 with respect to the channel member 22 and the plate-shaped member 23 and applies tension to the rod-shaped member 21.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing crushing of the concrete structure 1 by the crushing tool 2.
The jack 9 is attached to the crushing tool 2, and the rod-like member 21 is gradually pulled with respect to the channel member 22 and the plate-like member 23 from the one end side locked by the nut 211 to the other end side. As a result, tension is applied to the rod-shaped member 21, and the nut 211 approaches the end edge portions 221 and 222 of the channel member 22, so that the plate-like member is interposed between the nut 211 and the end edge portions 221 and 222. 23 is compressed. At this time, the plate-like member 23 rotates so as to follow the pulling direction of the rod-like member 21 with respect to the edge portions 221 and 222 of the channel member 22, and the stepped portion 115 where the corner portion 235 hits the fulcrum A, plate-like portion. The plate-like member 23 is pushed into the gap 225 of the channel member 22 with the vicinity of the end portion 231 of the member 23 as the force point B and the end edge portions 221 and 222 as the action point C. Here, the plate-like member 23 functions as a wedge, and each flange 22A of the channel member 22 is deformed in a direction away from each other about the corner portion 226, thereby causing the concrete portion 11 to move toward both sides of the flange 22A. A tensile force F acts in a substantially horizontal direction. As a result, in the vicinity of the corner portion 226 of the channel member 22, a crack CR is generated substantially along the longitudinal direction of the rod-shaped member 21. The crack CR rapidly proceeds along the rod-shaped member 21 and along the direction in which the groove between the flanges 22A extends (the direction perpendicular to the paper surface in FIG. 5) due to the material properties of the concrete portion 11 that is vulnerable to tension. The concrete structure 1 is crushed along the longitudinal direction (longitudinal direction). The concrete structure 1 thus crushed is carried out from the site for each crushed lump.
In addition, although the crushing tool 2 is provided in the concrete structure 1, in these crushing tools 2, tension | tensile_strength of the rod-shaped member 21 may be performed one by one, and may be performed simultaneously.

According to the first embodiment described above, there are the following effects.
(1) The crushing tool 2 of the concrete structure 1 includes a channel member 22 and a plate-like member 23. When the rod-like member 21 is tensioned, the compression of the plate-like member 23 pressed by the nut 211 is a channel. The plate member 23 is rotated at the end edge portions 221 and 222 of the member 22 to be converted into a tensile force F in the substantially horizontal direction through the channel member 22. It is possible to generate a crack CR in the direction along the direction and to crush the concrete structure 1 in the longitudinal direction (longitudinal direction). As a result, the crack CR becomes longer as compared with the case where the concrete structure 1 is crushed in the radial direction (lateral direction). Therefore, the crushing tool 2 necessary for crushing the concrete structure 1 into small chunks that can be transported from the site. Can be reduced. Therefore, the man-hour for tensioning the rod-shaped member 21 can be reduced.

Here, the tension of the rod-shaped member 21 may be gradually performed using the jack 9, so that noise, vibration, dust, and the like hardly occur when the concrete structure 1 is crushed.
Furthermore, since the concrete part 11 is weak to a tension | pulling and the crack CR is easily produced with the tensile force F, a crushing operation | work can be performed rapidly.

(2) Since the gap 225 into which the plate-like member 23 is pushed is formed by the channel member 22, the force transmitted from the plate-like member 23 acts uniformly on the channel member 22 and the channel member 22 is deformed, and the edge Since the displacement at which the portions 221 and 222 are separated from each other increases, the concrete portion 11 can be easily crushed.
Moreover, since the crack CR is generated along the direction of the groove extending between the flanges 22A of the channel member 22, it can be crushed in a desired direction according to the direction in which the channel member 22 is installed. That is, the crushing direction of the concrete structure 1 can be controlled.

(3) Since the plate-like member 23 is embedded in the concrete portion 11 and the end surface of the plate-like member 23 and a part of the plate surface are held by the step portion 115, the rod-like member 21 is tensioned to rotate the plate-like member 23. In this case, the corner portion 235 of the plate-like member 23 hits the inner periphery of the stepped portion 115, and the plate-like member 23 is reliably pushed into the channel member 22. In addition, with the lever principle in the relationship between the fulcrum A, the force point B, and the action point C, a large tensile force F is generated with respect to the tension force of the rod-shaped member 21 and can be efficiently crushed.

(4) Further, since the channel member 22 is a U-shaped groove steel, when the end edge portions 221 and 222 are pushed out of the gap 225, the vicinity of the corner portion 226 which is both ends of the web 22B. Stress concentrates on the concrete part 11, and a crack CR can be easily generated in the vicinity of the corner part 226.
Since the rod-shaped member 21 passes through the hole 220 of the channel member 22, the position of the channel member 22 does not shift even if the channel member 22 is deformed, and the load is transmitted to the concrete portion 11 through the channel member 22. The concrete structure 1 can be reliably crushed.

(5) The plate-like member 23 may be integrally formed as long as the end edge portions 221 and 222 of the channel member 22 can be expanded (FIG. 13), but two plates as in this embodiment. By configuring with the plate-like member 23, a steel plate with a simple configuration can be adopted as the plate-like member 23. Further, the plate-like member 23 can be easily installed. That is, cost reduction of crushing work and efficiency of crushing work are achieved.

[Modification of First Embodiment]
In the crushing tool 2 of the present embodiment, the channel member 22 having a U-shaped cross section is used, but the channel member 25 having an H-shaped cross section as shown in FIG. 6 also has a groove portion by the flange 25A and the web 25B. The channel member 22 can be used in substantially the same manner. In this case as well, the bar-like member 21 is tensioned and the edge portions 221 and 222 of the channel member 25 are pushed and spread by the plate-like member 23, along the direction of the groove of the channel member 25 and along the bar-like member 21. Can cause cracks.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
In the following description, the same reference numerals are given to the same configurations as those in the embodiment described above, and the description is omitted or simplified.
FIG. 7 shows the crushing tool 3 in the present embodiment. The crushing tool 3 has substantially the same structure as the crushing tool 2 of the first embodiment, and includes a rod-shaped member 21, a channel member 32, and a plate-shaped member 33. In this embodiment, the channel member 32 is concrete. It is provided on the end face of the structure 1. Further, the plate-like member 33 is not embedded in the concrete portion 11, and the step portion 115 (FIG. 2) is not formed in the concrete portion 11.
Instead, in this embodiment, the dimensional relationship between the channel member 32, the nut 311 provided in the rod-like member 21, and the plate-like member 33 is set, and the thickness of one plate-like member 33 is set to a, the nut When the diameter of 311 is b and the thickness of the other plate-like member 33 is c, the groove width L of the channel member 32 (distance between the flanges 22A; the dimension of the gap 225 in the direction connecting the flanges 22A) is as follows. The following relational expression (1) is established.
[Formula]
L <(a + b + c) (1)

  In such a crushing tool 3, before carrying out crushing, the distance between the nut 311 and the end edge part 221 and the distance between the nut 311 and the end edge part 222 are larger than the thicknesses a and c of the plate-like member 33, When carrying out crushing, the rod-like member 21 is tensioned after inserting one end side of the plate-like member 33 into the channel member 32. Due to the tension of the rod-shaped member 21, the nut 311 comes close to the end edges 221 and 222 of the channel member 32 as shown in FIG. 8, but the thickness a and c of the plate-shaped member 33 and the diameter b of the nut 311 Since the sum (a + b + c) is larger than the groove width L of the channel member 32 (FIG. 7), the edge portions 221 and 222 are pushed outward by the plate-like member 33. As in the first embodiment (FIG. 5), a crack CR is generated in the concrete portion 11, and the concrete structure 1 is crushed.

According to the present embodiment, in addition to the effects substantially the same as (1), (2), (4), and (5) described in the first embodiment, the following effects are also achieved.
(6) By setting the dimensions of the channel member 32, the plate-like member 33, and the nut 311, the end edge portions 221 and 222 of the channel member 32 can be surely expanded. For this reason, even if the plate-like member 23 is not embedded in the concrete portion 11 in advance as in the first embodiment, the plate-like member 23 having an appropriate plate thickness may be prepared when crushing is necessary. That is, the operation related to crushing is not restricted, crushing can be performed in a timely manner, and construction is also easy.

[Third Embodiment]
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 9 shows the crushing tool 4 in the present embodiment. The crushing tool 4 of this embodiment is not provided with a channel member like the crushing tool of each said embodiment. Instead, in this embodiment, the air gap 425 is formed at the place where the channel member has been installed. That is, on the end surface of the concrete structure 1, a gap 425 from which the rod-shaped member 21 projects is formed at a position where the rod-shaped member 21 of the concrete portion 41 projects. The air gap 425 is formed in a planar quadrangular shape (see FIG. 3) and has edge portions 421 and 422 on which the plate-like members 33 are respectively arranged.
Here, the gap 425 may be formed when the concrete structure 1 needs to be crushed. The dimension L in the direction connecting the end edge portions 421 and 422 of the gap 425 is the same as in the second embodiment. The thickness a of one plate member 33, the thickness c of the other plate member 33, and the nut The dimension is set to be smaller than the sum (a + b + c) of the diameter b of 311.

  Also in such a crushing tool 4, after inserting the one end side of the plate-shaped member 33 in the space | gap 425, the rod-shaped member 21 is tensioned. Due to the tension of the rod-shaped member 21, as shown in FIG. 10, the wedge-shaped action of the plate-shaped member 33 causes the gap 425 to be pushed away in the direction separating the edge portions 421 and 422, and a crack CR occurs in the concrete portion 41. The concrete structure 1 is crushed.

Also according to the present embodiment, the following effects can be obtained in addition to substantially the same effects as the above-described embodiments.
(7) Since the channel member does not have to be embedded in the concrete portion 41 in advance, the crushing can be performed in a timely manner and on a desired portion of the concrete structure 1. Moreover, since a channel member is unnecessary, cost can be reduced.

[Modification of the present invention]
The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various improvements and modifications can be made.
For example, the shape, dimensions, etc. of the channel member constituting the crushing tool of the present invention are not particularly limited, and in each of the above embodiments, a more suitable grooved steel (cross-sectional U shape) is shown. I-shaped steel, H-shaped steel, equilateral angle steel, unequal angle iron, and the like can also be employed.
As shown in FIG. 11, a box-shaped channel member 29 can also be used. The channel member 29 has end edge portions 291 to 294 on the four sides of the gap, and slits 295 that separate the end edge portions 291 to 294 are formed at the four corners of the channel member 29, respectively.
When such a channel member 29 is used, by disposing crushing members on the respective end edge portions 291 to 294 of the channel member 29, the end edge portions 291 to 294 are pushed and spread, Concrete structures and the like are crushed by the tensile force from the inside to the outside.

Moreover, in each said embodiment, although a pair of plate-shaped plate-shaped member 23 grade | etc., Was used, the shape of the member for crushing etc. is not restricted to this. In 1st Embodiment, although the cross-section L-shaped level | step-difference part 115 holding the corner | angular part 235 of the plate-shaped member 23 was formed in the concrete part 11, depending on the shape of the member for crushing, the concrete part 11 Moreover, the recessed part (a level | step difference part is included) holding the member for crushing may be formed suitably.
A steel plate 43 having a tapered cross section as shown in FIG. 12 can also be used as a crushing member. Since such a steel plate 43 is guided into the gap 225 by its tapered shape, the crushing operation can be carried out more smoothly.

  Furthermore, in each said embodiment, although the member for crushing was comprised by the some member, it is not restricted to this, The member for crushing is comprised as an integral member provided ranging over the some edge part of a channel member. May be. For example, as shown in FIG. 13, even when a frustum-shaped crushing member 53 having a tapered slope is used, the rod 211 is compressed between the nut 211 and the end edges 221 and 222 due to tension. Since the crushing member 53 follows the taper shape and is guided into the gap 225, the concrete structure 1 can be crushed by causing a crack in the concrete portion 11 as described above.

  In addition, although the example which crushes the concrete structure 1 was shown in each said embodiment, not only this but the crushing method and crushing tool of this invention are applicable not only to to-be-crushed objects, such as a rock.

Moreover, in this invention, what is necessary is just to provide a crushing tool suitably in the site | part used as the crushing object of a to-be-crushed object.
In each said embodiment, although the example which crushes the concrete structure 1 to a longitudinal direction (longitudinal direction) was shown, the direction to crush is not restricted to this, As shown in FIG. By providing a bar-shaped member 21 in the horizontal direction at the top end position HP of the concrete structure 1 with respect to the surplus concrete portion 11A, and installing a channel member 22 and a plate-shaped member 23 on the side surface of the concrete structure 1, Head processing (hanging) is also possible. In this case, a crack is generated along the horizontal direction in the vicinity of the top end position HP of the concrete structure 1, and the extra-concrete concrete portion 11A can be removed.

  Furthermore, in each said embodiment, although the rod-shaped member 21 was penetrated by the sheath pipe | tube 111 and was made into the unbonded state with the concrete part 11, in addition to using the sheath pipe | tube 111 for the unbonding of the rod-shaped member 21, it is hard to change in quality. Examples thereof include application of oil, grease, etc., which also serves as a rust preventive material, or coating with asphalt and then covering with a cylindrical member or film made of foamed polyethylene or the like.

Moreover, when the rod-shaped member is not provided in advance in the material to be crushed, the material to be crushed is appropriately drilled, and the rod-shaped member is inserted into the hole. Note that the channel member and the crushing member may not necessarily be embedded in the concrete as described in the second embodiment or the third embodiment. That is, even if it is difficult to previously provide the rod-shaped member, channel member, and crushing member depending on the state of the object to be crushed, crushing can be performed.
In short, the crushing method of the present invention only needs to include a procedure for providing a gap in the object to be crushed, a procedure for providing a rod-shaped member, a procedure for providing a crushing member, and a procedure for providing a protrusion on the rod-shaped member. The order of performing each of these procedures is not limited.

By the way, in the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the channel member 22 is deformed by the tension of the rod-like member 21, and at this time, the position of the step portion 115 facing the corner portion 235 of the plate-like member 23 is set. The fulcrum A, the vicinity of the end 231 of the plate-like member 23 is the force point B, the end edge portions 221 and 222 are the action points C, the plate-like member 23 is pushed into the gap 225 of the channel member 22, and a crack CR is generated. However, depending on the strength of the channel member 22, the rod-shaped member 21 may not be deformed at the time of tension. In this case, the crushing tool has the following action.
That is, as shown in FIG. 15, when the channel member 22 is not deformed by the tension of the rod-shaped member 21, the edge portions 221 and 222 are the fulcrums A ', and the corner portions 235 of the plate-shaped member 23 are the action points C'. Become. In this case, the crack CR ′ occurs in the vicinity of the corner portion 235, but as in FIG. 5, the tensile force F acts in the substantially horizontal direction toward both sides of the flange 22A, and the concrete structure 1 is crushed along the substantially longitudinal direction. Is done. When the plate-like member 23 is installed, the distance D1 from the end edge portions 221 and 222 to the end portion 231 on the rod-like member 21 side is set as the end portion on the opposite side from the end edge portions 221 and 222 to the rod-like member 21. It is larger than the distance D2 to 232. For this reason, when the plate-like member 23 rotates with the end edge portions 221 and 222 as the fulcrum A, a large tensile force F is generated with respect to the tension force of the rod-like member 21 and can be efficiently crushed.

And in each said embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the jack 9 is attached to the edge part (concrete structure 1 top end side) on the opposite side to the side in which the channel member 22 was provided in the rod-shaped member 21, Although the rod-like member 21 is tensioned by pulling the rod-like member 21 with respect to the plate-like member 23 and the channel member 22 by the jack 9, the means for applying tension to the rod-like member 21 is not limited to this.
For example, as shown in FIG. 16, a jack 9 ′ is attached to a rod-like member 21 extending from a gap 225 of the crushing tool 2 provided at the end of the concrete structure 1, and the rod-like member 21 is attached to the concrete structure 1 ceiling. A rod-like member can also be obtained by pushing the plate-like member 23 at the end 911 of the cylinder 91 by the reaction force generated by the nut 99 when the cylinder 91 and the piston 92 of the jack 9 ′ are moved relative to each other. 21 is given tension. Here, the end portion 911 of the cylinder 91 is disposed so as to sandwich the plate-like member 23 between the end edge portions 221 and 222 (FIG. 2) of the channel member 22, and the same protrusion as the nut 211 described above. It functions as a part.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 17, the crushing tool 2 is provided on both ends of the rod-shaped member 21 at the top end and the bottom end of the concrete structure 1, so that the concrete structure 1 is placed at the top end and the bottom end. It is also possible to split along the rod-shaped member 21 from both sides. In this case, the jacks 9, 9 ′ exemplified above may be provided at one end of the rod-shaped member 21 to give tension.

Although the best configuration for carrying out the present invention has been specifically described above, the present invention is not limited to this. That is, the invention has been illustrated and described primarily with respect to particular embodiments, but may be configured for the above-described embodiments without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. Various modifications and improvements can be made by those skilled in the art in terms of materials, quantity, and other detailed configurations.
The description limiting the shape, material, etc. disclosed above is an example for easy understanding of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention. The description by the name of the member which removes a part or all of the limitation is included in the present invention.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
In this example, the following pile specimens were manufactured.
[1. (Configuration of specimen)
(1) Shape prismatic shape (2) Dimensions-Plane dimensions about 400mm x about 500mm
・ Approximately 800mm in height
(3) Concrete strength ・ Compressive strength approx. 28 N / mm ²
・ Tensile strength: approx. ^2.5 N / mm ²

In this example, a crushing tool having a configuration substantially similar to that of the crushing tool 2 (FIG. 2) shown in the first embodiment is used. The detailed configuration of the channel member and the rod-like member in the crushing tool will be described next. Show.
[2. Channel member dimensions)
(1) Shape Channel steel (C-shaped cross section, flat rectangular shape)
(2) Dimensions-Web length approx. 125mm
・ Rise of the flange is about 65mm
・ Groove length: approx. 150mm
・ Web thickness approx. 6mm
・ Flange thickness: approx. 8mm

[3. (Configuration of rod-shaped member)
(1) Product name Total screw PC steel bar “Nejibon” Manufactured by Induction Heat Refining Co., Ltd. (2) Standard Diameter: 32mm Class C No. 1 (3) Mechanical properties Conforms to JIS G 3109 (PC steel bar) • Yield strength 1080N / Mm ² or more ・ Load for 0.2% permanent elongation 858 kN or more ・ Tensile strength 1230 N / mm ² or more ・ Maximum tensile load 977 kN or more ・ Elongation 6.0% or more ・ Relaxation value 4.0% or less

[4. (Nut configuration)
・ Width across flats: approx. 58mm
・ Diagonal distance: approx. 67mm
・ Approximately 70mm in height
・ Reference mass approximately 1100Wg
・ Material S45C

[Crushing test]
The crushing test according to the crushing method of the present invention was performed by changing the position where the rod-shaped member was provided in the specimen.
(1) Crush test 1
A rod-shaped member was provided vertically at the center of the plane of the specimen, and the rod-shaped member was gradually pulled to give tension to the rod-shaped member.
-Result When the load applied to the rod-shaped member reached 290 kN, the specimen was cracked and crushed.
(2) Crushing test 2
Next, in the crushing test 2, the rod-shaped member was provided at a position eccentric with respect to the plane center of the specimen. Specifically, a rod-like member was provided at a position about 126 mm away from the end of the specimen toward the plane center on the center line passing through the plane center of the specimen and extending in the plane longitudinal direction.
And like the crushing test 1, the rod-shaped member 21 was pulled gradually and the tension | tensile_strength was provided to the rod-shaped member 21. FIG.
-Result When the load applied to the rod-shaped member reached 220 kN, the specimen was cracked and crushed.

It was verified that the concrete structure and the like can be crushed by the crushing method and the crushing tool shown in the above examples. Moreover, it turns out that the direction of the crushing test 2 which made the position which provides a crushing tool eccentric with respect to the plane center of a test piece can crush with a smaller load load. Thereby, according to the size, strength, etc. of the object to be crushed, by appropriately adjusting the position where the crushing tool is provided, work efficiency can be improved in relation to the tension to be applied, the size, strength, etc. of the object to be crushed. . In other words, when the object to be crushed is relatively small, it is possible to crush the object to be crushed to a size that can be carried out by providing a crushing tool in the vicinity of the center, and the object to be crushed is large. In this case, for example, by providing crushing tools at a plurality of locations along the circumferential direction or radial direction of the object to be crushed, crushing can be performed with a small tension.
Also in this embodiment, noise, vibration and dust generated by other mechanical crushing methods (eg using a breaker) can be prevented, and when crushing is necessary, it can be quickly and quickly crushed by tensioning the rod-shaped member. Therefore, the crushing workability can be greatly improved.

  The present invention is used in civil engineering, architecture, and other fields in order to crush objects to be crushed, such as concrete structures and rocks that constitute buildings, bridges, harbors, roads, railways, waterworks, dikes, lighthouses, etc. Can do.

The side sectional view of the concrete structure in a 1st embodiment of the present invention. The sectional side view of the crushing tool in the said embodiment. The top view of the crushing tool in the said embodiment. The perspective view which shows the channel member which comprises the crushing tool in the said embodiment. The figure which shows the effect | action of the crushing tool in the said embodiment. The figure which is a modification of 1st Embodiment and shows the crushing tool which has a channel member of a shape different from FIG. The sectional side view of the crushing tool in 2nd Embodiment of this invention. The figure which shows the effect | action of the crushing tool in the said embodiment. The sectional side view of the crushing tool in 3rd Embodiment of this invention. The figure which shows the effect | action of the crushing tool in the said embodiment. The perspective view which shows the channel member of the crushing tool in the modification of this invention. The sectional side view which shows the crushing tool in the modification of this invention. The side cross section which shows the crushing tool in the modification of this invention. The figure which shows the case where the crushing tool of 1st Embodiment is used for a pile head process. The figure which shows the effect | action different from FIG. The figure which shows the provision means of tension. The figure which shows the provision means of tension.

Explanation of symbols

1 Concrete structure (object to be crushed)
2, 3, 4 Crusher 9, 9 'Jack 21 Bar-shaped member 22, 25, 29, 32 Channel member 22A Flange (configures a groove)
22B Web (configures the groove)
23, 33 Plate-shaped member (member for crushing)
115 Stepped portions 211, 311 Nut (protruding portion)
220 hole 221, 222, 421, 422 end edge 225, 425 gap 230 plate surface 233 end surface 235 corner (corner of crushing member)
911 end (protrusion)
a Thickness of one plate-like member b Diameter of the nut (dimension in the protruding direction of the protruding portion)
c Thickness of the other plate member

Claims (9)

In the object to be crushed, a gap is provided in the site to be crushed,
Providing a rod-like member protruding inside the gap;
A crushing member is provided on one end edge and the other end edge on both sides of the rod-shaped member in the gap,
The rod-shaped member has a protruding portion that protrudes in a direction intersecting with the longitudinal direction of the rod-shaped member on the opposite side of each of the edge portions across the crushing member. Provide a dimension smaller than the distance between the edges,
A crushing method comprising applying tension to the rod-shaped member. The crushing method according to claim 1,
The crushing member is configured to have a pair of plate-like members respectively disposed on the one end edge portion and the other end edge portion, and the plate is disposed so that the plate surface faces the end edge portion. Place the shaped member,
The crushing method is characterized in that a stepped portion is formed in the object to be crushed while holding a corner between a plate surface and an end surface of the plate-like member and continuing to the gap. The crushing method according to claim 1,
The crushing member is configured to have a pair of plate-like members respectively disposed on the one edge portion and the other edge portion,
The sum of one thickness dimension of the plate-like member, the other thickness dimension, and the dimension of the projecting portion in the projecting direction is defined as the sum of the one end edge portion and the other end edge portion. Crushing method characterized in that it is larger than the size. A rod-like member protruding into the gap provided in the site to be crushed in the object to be crushed,
A crushing member provided on one end edge and the other end edge on both sides of the bar-shaped member in the gap;
The rod-like member has a gap between the one edge and the other edge in a direction crossing the longitudinal direction of the rod-like member on the opposite side of the respective edge portions across the crushing member. A crushing tool characterized in that a protruding portion protruding with a dimension smaller than the distance of is provided. The crushing tool according to claim 4,
A channel member provided in the object to be crushed to form the gap;
The channel member is provided with a hole through which the rod-shaped member passes. The crushing tool according to claim 5,
The said channel member has a groove part with a substantially U-shaped cross section comprised by a pair of flange and the web which connects these flanges. The crushing tool characterized by the above-mentioned. In the crushing tool according to any one of claims 4 to 6,
The crushing member has a plate-like member arranged at the one end edge portion and a plate-like member arranged at the other end edge portion. . The crushing tool according to claim 7,
The plate surface of the plate-like member is disposed so as to face the edge portion,
A corner between the plate surface and the end surface of the plate-like member is held by a stepped portion formed in the object to be crushed so as to be continuous with the gap. The crushing tool according to claim 7,
The sum of one thickness dimension of the plate-like member, the other thickness dimension, and the dimension in the projecting direction of the projecting part is the sum of the gap in the direction connecting the one end edge part and the other end edge part. A crusher characterized by being larger than the dimensions.

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