JPS6092485A - Electric discharge coating device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To automate coating treatment by an electrode of a coating material for long time in the stage of bringing said electrode into contact under oscillation with the surface of a material to be worked and forming a coating layer thereon as a result of melting of the electrode by spark discharge during said time of said contact by supplying continuously and automatically the electrode. CONSTITUTION:An electrode 1 formed of a sintered hard alloy such as WC or the like is gripped by an electrode supporting head 30 and is oscillated vertically by an oscillating piece 2 consisting of an electromagnet 16. The top end of the electrode 1 is attached and detached to and from the surface of a work 3 and the electrode 1 is melted by the spark discharge between both to form a super hard coating layer on the surface of the material 3 to be worked. A chuck 31 which grasps or releases the electrode 1 with pressure by means of a spring 37A and an electromagnetic coil 38 is provided in an electrode supporting head 30 in this device and an electrode housing part 32 connected successively by an electrode delivery hole 34 is provided above the head 30. The electrode 1 is lowered by opening and closing of the chuck on consumption of the electrode 1 and at the same time the continuous replenishment of the fresh electrode in the housing part 32 to the chuck 31 is made possible, by which the melt coating treatment by the electrode is automatically and continuously accomplished.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Technical Field] The present invention provides a method of applying electrical discharge waves to the surface of a conductive workpiece product.
This invention relates to the improvement of a device that continuously performs automatic discharge coating over a long period of time by holding the device in a fixed position.

[Prior art]

As a conventional discharge coating apparatus, for example, the one disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 1972-19234 shown in FIG. 1 is known. In this process, a coating electrode is provided on the surface of the workpiece in air or a specific gas, and the coating electrode is placed between the coating electrode and the workpiece, with the coating electrode being used as the positive electrode. A discharge coating device that applies a voltage with the body as a negative electrode to generate spark discharge when the contact breaks away due to the vibration, and welds the VL electrode member melted by the discharge heat to the surface of the workpiece. It is.

That is, in the drawing, 1 is a material made of super hard alloy such as tungsten carbide, or other alloy.
vibrating piece 2 via electrode support spindle 1a with one material electrode.
The workpiece 3 is connected to the workpiece 3 and is moved at a substantially constant speed in the horizontal direction by a manual or automatic feed mechanism, and faces the workpiece 3 whose discharge coating area is to be scanned by the coating electrode 1.

Reference numeral 4 denotes a support stand for the workpiece 3, which is installed on the bed 5 and also serves as the automatic feeding mechanism to support the workpiece 3, for example, by the arrow 6.
move at a constant speed in the direction of

7 supports arm 8 with a column erected on bed 5,
A guide shaft 9 is installed parallel to the column 7 between the arm 8 and the bed 5.
is erected, and a head 10 spline-coupled to the guide shaft 9 is supported by a main shaft 11 supported by the arm 8. The main shaft 11 is connected to the head 10 in a non-rotating state, and a worm wheel 12 is screwed into the main shaft 11.
When the head 10 is rotated by a worm 14 connected to a servo motor 13, the head 10 is moved up and down along the guide shaft 9.

Reference numeral 15 denotes an electromagnet provided to prevent the rotation of the worm wheel 12 from being transmitted to the arm 8. An electromagnet L16 is fixed to the head 10, and the vibration stroke of the worm wheel 12 is fixed to the vibrating piece 2. They face each other across a gap. In the electromagnet 16, an excitation wire ring 16a is intermittently excited to attract and separate the vibrating piece 2, thereby producing vibration. 1
Reference numeral 7 denotes a processing power source and a control power supply unit for the electric motor 13 that supplies a discharge NN force between the covering material electrode 1 and the workpiece 3, and is connected between the covering material electrode 1 and the workpiece 3 through the processing power supply terminal 18. The shock wave generation capacitor 19 is connected to the excitation coil 16a.
is charged as a charging circuit element, and the vibrating piece 2 is attracted during charging to separate the coating material electrode 1 and the liquid body 3, and then
Due to the restoring elasticity of the vibrating piece 2 that overcomes the attraction force that decreased with the end of charging, the covering material electrode 1 and the workpiece 3 are brought into close contact, and the charged charge is discharged by the capacitor 19 as discharge and contact energization, and the same action is repeated thereafter. It performs the covering action depending on the Reference numeral 20 denotes a control power supply terminal of the electric motor 13, which is connected between the coating material electrode 1 and the workpiece 3 when the motor 13 is vibrating the coating material electrode 1 and generating an electric discharge due to contact and separation with the workpiece 3. The differential voltage between the average voltage of the head 10 and the variable voltage of the reference power source is applied to control forward and reverse rotation, and the vertical position of the head 10 is controlled to compensate for wear of the coating electrode 1, and the vibrating element is When the machining conditions are determined by the vibration stroke of 2, the capacitance of the capacitor 19, and the electric pressure of the machining power supply terminal 18 (
In this case, the vibration frequency, which is one element of the machining conditions, is automatically determined depending on the charging and discharging characteristics of the capacitor 19, so it is excluded). The distance between the position of the tip and the surface of the workpiece 3 during vibration is automatically adjusted and controlled.

The conventional electrical discharge coating apparatus coats the surface of the workpiece 3 with the coating material electrode 1 for electrical discharge coating, but the coating material electrode 1 is consumed as the coating is performed, and the wear reaches a predetermined limit or more. For example, if a predetermined machining time has elapsed and a state has been reached that cannot be compensated for by simply correcting wear by simply feeding the electrode in the axial direction, the machining must be temporarily stopped and the covering material electrode replaced with a new one. Therefore, it was difficult to make the equipment unmanned and improve work efficiency.

(Objective) The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and is to automate the supply and exchange of new coating material electrodes and automatically and continuously perform discharge coating over a long period of time. An object of the present invention is to provide a device to be subjected to discharge that can perform the following.

〔composition〕

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a storage section for storing a replacement coating material electrode in an electrode support head that supports a coating material electrode, and allows the storage section and the electrode support head to be brought into contact with each other. In addition, the coating material electrode in the accommodating portion is configured to be able to be transferred to the electrode support head.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

2 to 4 are a schematic configuration diagram, a partial sectional view, and a perspective view of partial parts, showing one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
Components that are the same as those in the figures or have the same functions are designated by the same reference numerals.

As shown in the figure, the vibrating piece 2 extends to the side of the head 10, and an electrode support head 3o to which the covering material electrode 1 is fixed is fixed to the tip. The electrode support head 3o is a hollow cylindrical member having an open upper surface and a chuck portion 31 on the lower surface into which the covering material electrode 1 is inserted and tightly secured. A storage part 32 is fitted into the upper part of the electrode support head 30 in which a replacement covering material electrode 1 is stored. The storage portion 32 has a hollow cylindrical shape with a conically tapered lower portion, and a lid 33 is provided on the upper portion, and is removably fitted with, for example, male and female screws.

An electrode delivery hole 34 is formed at the lower end of the storage portion 32,
From here, the covering material electrodes 1 are sent out one by one to the outside. The distal end of the delivery hole 34 has a guide hole having approximately the same diameter as the delivery hole 34, and the distal end thereof extends into the chuck part or is in contact with or connected to the upper end of a guide tube 35 which also serves as the chuck part.

The guide tube 35 communicates from the delivery hole 34 of the storage part 32 to the electrode insertion hole of the chuck part 31, and guides the projection and delivery of the coating material electrode 1 from inside the storage part 32 to the outside of the electrode support head 30. In addition, the tip portion also serves as a chuck for chuck-fixing the covering material electrode 1 at an appropriate position. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the guide tube 35 is formed into a hollow cylindrical body whose lower end bulges outward, and a slit 36 is formed in the circumferential direction from the upper end of the cylindrical body to the lower end. A plurality of them are formed at equal intervals. Further, a plurality of pressing members 37 having an arcuate cross section are provided on the outside of the bulging portion of the guide tube 35 so as to be surrounded by a plurality of pressing members 37 and held by a spring 37A. In addition, the electrode support head 30 and the guide tube 35
and the clamping member 37, or at least the clamping member 37 is made of a magnetic material, preferably a ferromagnetic material, and a coil 38 wound around the outer surface of the electrode support head 30 or provided inside the electrode support head 30. The chuck portion 31 is configured to generate a magnetic field when a current is passed through the chuck portion 31. Furthermore, a detection head 39 made of a coil for detecting the distance from an appropriate position such as the lower end surface of the head 30 to the workpiece 3 is provided at the lower end side of the electrode support head 30. This detection head 39 is, for example, a so-called high-frequency oscillation type proximity switch, but for distance detection, it may be one that uses reflection of light or sound waves, or one that measures capacitance. In FIG. 1, the lowering position of the head 10 is detected as a limit by various means, or a measuring device such as a rotary encoder provided in connection with the motor 13 is used.
You can use the one with the ridge.

The distance between the lower end of the head 30 detected by the detection head 39 and the workpiece 3 is input between the distance detection head 39 and the coil 38, and the current is supplied or stopped to the coil 38 based on this information. A control device 40 is provided.

Next, the operation of the present invention will be explained. First, chuck part 3
When the electrode 1 held at 1 reaches a worn state in which it does not protrude a predetermined length from the chuck part 31 by re-chucking by feeding in the axial direction, the guide tube is relaxed by turning on or off the current of the coil 38, and the electrode 1 is removed. 1 onto the workpiece 3 or another position, and the next covering material electrode 1 moved from the storage container 32 into the guide tube 35 has its tip attached to the workpiece 3 from the chuck part 31 of the electrode support head 30. When the coating material electrode 1 has protruded a predetermined length such as reaching the surface, the guide 135 is tightened to fix the coating material electrode 1. For this fixing, first, a current is applied or cut off to the coil 38, and a magnetic field is generated or demagnetized inside the electrode support head 30. When a magnetic field is generated or extinguished inside the head 30, the clamping member 37 covering the lower part of the guide cylinder 35 is magnetized or demagnetized, and either they stick to each other against the spring 37A or the force of the spring 37A overcomes the force of the member. 37 is tightened, the ring formed by the clamping member 37 is reduced, the inner diameter of the guide cylinder 35 is reduced, and the coating electrode 1 is clamped and fixed in the chuck part 31 at the lower part of the guide cylinder 35. Furthermore, if the guide tube 35 is made of a ferromagnetic material, the guide tube 35 will be magnetized when a magnetic field is applied, and an attractive force will work between the slits 36 formed at the bottom of the guide tube 35, reducing the diameter of the bottom of the guide tube 35. To securely fix the electrode 1. Then, a machining power source is connected to the coating material electrode 1 fixed to the guide tube 35 and the workpiece 3, and intermittent voltage pulses are applied to the coating material electrode 1 and the workpiece 3, and vibration is applied to cause the contact and separation, thereby generating a spark discharge. , the coating material electrode 1 can be welded to the surface of the workpiece 3 to perform electrical discharge coating processing. As the machining continues, the coating electrode 1 welded to the surface of the workpiece 3 gradually wears out, but the axial fixing position of the coating electrode 1 is changed depending on the degree of wear. It is necessary to compensate for wear and tear, but this is done by detecting the distance between the applied object 3 and the electrode support head 30 using a detection means such as the detection head 39, and when this distance becomes less than a predetermined value, the vibration of the head is detected. , stop the application of the voltage pulse of the machining power source, stop or flow the current to the coil 38, and the clamping member 37 and the lower part of the guide tube 35 open their diameter by the spring 37A and their own elasticity, or Machining can be continued again by chucking the clamping member 37 against the spring 37A by excitation, moving the covering material electrode 1 downward by its own weight, and then chucking it again.

In this way, the coating material electrodes 1 used in processing are sequentially moved downward as the processing progresses, but unused coating material electrodes 1 are continuously placed above the coating material electrodes 1 in use in the guide tube. 35
When the coating material electrode 1 in use falls below a predetermined distance between the workpiece 3 and the electrode head 30, it falls from the guide tube 35 and instantly replaces the next unused coating material. Since the electrode 1 moves to continue machining, there is no need to stop the apparatus for a long time.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the present invention, and the discharge coating apparatus shown in this embodiment has a chuck member for fixing and releasing the coating material electrode 1 in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 to 4. In addition to the elasticity of magnetic materials, magnetic attraction or repulsion of a magnetic material caused by a magnetic field, and the opening or pressing force of a spring are used. Therefore, the configuration of the other parts except for the chip 31 is the same as that of the apparatus shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, so the same reference numerals will be given and the explanation will be omitted. In the illustrated embodiment, a tapered thread 41 is formed on the outer periphery of the guide tube 35, and a gear 42 having a female thread is screwed into this thread 41. Further, a gear 43 is engaged with the gear 42 , a spur gear 44 is fixed to the upper end of the gear 43 , and a spur gear 45 that meshes with the spur gear 44 is rotated by a motor 46 provided inside or outside the electrode support head 30 . move. The motor 46 is connected to the control device r1140 shown in FIG.
Its rotation, stop, etc. are the program ll1IJ! ! I] will be done. In the discharge coating device shown in FIG. 5, the motor 46 is operated to rotate the gear 43, and the female screw of the gear 42 rotating together with the gear 43 is screwed into the Taper screw 41 to move the guide tube 85 up and down. By changing the inner diameter of the lower chuck part, the covering material electrode 1 can be fixed or loosened to be moved or removed. The other functions are the same as those in the previous embodiment, so their explanation will be omitted.

In addition, in the above embodiment, the covering material electrode is fixed by a spring,
Although we have shown methods that use electromagnets, magnetism of magnetic materials, springs, etc., and methods that use springs, screws, nuts, motor rotation, etc., the electrodes are not limited to these methods; other methods may also be used. Of course. Further, other configurations can be changed without departing from the gist of the present invention.

For example, if the electrode 1 whose length has reached its limit due to wear and tear is dropped onto the workpiece 3, the electrode on the workpiece 3 may be blown out of the way using a high-pressure air nozzle, for example. , an arm or a piece for dredging the surface of the workpiece 3 can be provided and activated. In the above embodiment, the new electrode storage section 32 and the electrode support head 30 are integrally connected. The storage section 32 is provided at an appropriate position such as the vibrating head 10 or the arm 8 in FIG. , storage section 32 or head 30
63 <, remove the electrode from the head 30, discard it, adjust the length of the ticking again, and then remove the head from the storage section 32. An electrode supply transport arm or a robot arm for supply transport and chucking of the electrodes 1 to the storage section 30 may be provided to perform supply transport and chucking. The mechanism for dispensing books one by one can also utilize various known configuration mechanisms.

(Effects) As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to automatically replace the coating material electrode that is consumed during electrical discharge coating processing with a new N material electrode.

Therefore, unmanned machining can be achieved and work efficiency can be improved.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a conventional discharge coating device, FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a discharge coating device which is an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
The figures are a cross-sectional view showing essential parts of the apparatus shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the internal structure of the electrode support spindle, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Covering material electrode, 3... Workpiece, 30... Electrode support head, 32...
Storage department. Applicant Inoue Japax Research Institute Co., Ltd. Representative Patent Attorney Masu 1) Takeo

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A covering material electrode placed opposite to the workpiece is brought into contact with and separated from the workpiece, and a processing power source is connected between the two to apply intermittent voltage pulses. In a discharge coating device that generates a spark discharge by applying a spark to melt a coating material electrode on the surface of a workpiece, a replacement coating material Ti electrode is stored in an electrode support head that supports the coating material electrode. What is claimed is: 1. A discharge coating device comprising: a storage section; the storage section and an electrode support head can be brought into contact with each other; and the coating material electrode in the storage section can be transferred to the electrode support head.