JPS6086356A - Air-conditioning hot-water supply device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to a heat pump type device that performs heating and cooling as well as supplying hot water at the same time, and is capable of selectively operating cooling, heating, and hot water supply, improving energy efficiency. This invention relates to an air-conditioning, heating, and hot-water supply system that is highly economical and capable of stable operation.

[Background of the invention]

The prior art will be explained with reference to FIG. In the figure, 1 is a compressor, 2 is a four-way valve, 3 is a heat storage tank for hot water supply, 4 is a heat exchanger for the heat storage tank, 5 is a user side heat exchanger, 6 is a heat source side heat exchanger,
7A is a check valve that opens during heating, 7B is a check valve that opens during cooling, 8 is an expansion valve for cooling, 9 is an expansion valve for heating, and A is a hot water supply circuit outlet that is connected to the heating and cooling cycle. Indicates the point where the circuit merges with the circuit. In this configuration, the flow of refrigerant during heating is shown by a solid line, and the flow of refrigerant during heating and cooling is shown by a broken line. During heating, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 is transferred to the user side heat exchanger 50 circuit and the hot water supply heat exchanger 4.
0 circuit, merges at confluence point A, and connects heating expansion valve 9.
After passing through the heat source side heat exchanger 6, it returns to the compressor 1 and performs a heating action. During cooling and heating, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 branches into the circuit of the heat source side heat exchanger 6 and the circuit of the hot water supply heat exchanger 4, joins at the confluence point A, and is transferred to the cooling expansion valve 8 and the user side heat exchanger. After passing through the exchanger 5, it returns to the compressor 1 and performs a cooling action.◎ In such conventional technology, during heating, a refrigerant circuit is formed in which heating operation is performed at the same time as hot water supply, so the temperature level of the hot water tank is sufficiently high. Hot water supply is not required, but if heating operation is required, the problem is that the high pressure in the refrigerant circuit increases abnormally, and conversely, if heating is required and the hot water temperature is low, the hot water supply has a large condensing capacity of the refrigerant. There was a problem related to instability in the refrigerant circuit, in which the amount of heat dissipated in the tank increased and the necessary heating capacity could not be obtained. These problems do not require heating operation, but can similarly occur when hot water supply is required. In addition, even during cooling operation, the refrigerant circuit always performs hot water supply and cooling operation, so hot water supply is necessary but cooling is not necessary, hot water supply is not necessary, but cooling cannot be performed when necessary. That is, there was a problem that each operation could not be performed selectively. In addition, as a problem in the configuration of the refrigerant circuit, the confluence point 11 must always be at high pressure, so the two expansion valves 8
．． 9 and two check valves 7A and 7B'i, and it cannot be replaced with a single expansion valve for both forward and reverse use, which also has the drawback of complicating the cycle configuration.

[Purpose of the invention]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an air-conditioning/heating-water supply device that can consistently and stably perform hot water supply operation and cooling/heating operation selectively.

[Summary of the invention]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention introduces the entire amount of gas discharged from the compressor to a heat exchanger for hot water supply and uses it as a heat source for hot water supply, and then switches the refrigerant circuit between cooling operation and heating operation via a four-way valve. At the same time, the inlet/outlet paths of the refrigerant filling amount adjustment tank, each equipped with an on-off valve on the inlet/outlet side, are connected to a high-pressure path and a low-pressure path of the refrigerant circuit during each operation, respectively, and the open/close state of the on-off valve is selected. By doing so, the amount of effective circulating refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit is adjusted, the degree of subcooling of the refrigerant is changed, and the heat transfer area of the heat exchanger is changed. It has a feature that it is configured to be able to selectively perform each driving mode.

In addition to the configuration of the first invention, a second invention provides a first piezo on-off valve in parallel with the expansion valve, and a second expansion valve and a second expansion valve are provided between the heat source side heat exchanger and the four-way valve. By providing a path in which the second bypass on-off valves are connected in parallel and selecting the open/close states of the on-off valves and the bypass on-off valves, the amount of effective circulating refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit is adjusted and the degree of subcooling of the refrigerant is changed, The heat transfer area of the heat exchanger is changed so that each operation mode can be selectively performed, and the heat exchange device for heating and cooling has almost no heat exchange action when operating only for hot water supply in the summer, The heat exchange device is characterized in that it does not freeze.

[Embodiments of the invention]

An embodiment of the present invention will be explained below with reference to FIG. 1
0 is a compressor, the discharge side is connected to the first utilization heat exchanger 14 for hot water supply provided in the heat storage tank 13 for hot water supply through a discharge piping 10a, and the suction side is connected to a four-way valve 12 through a piping 10b. It is connected to the. 15 is a heat storage tank for heating and cooling;
A second user-side heat exchanger 16 for heating and cooling is provided inside, and one side is connected to the four-way valve 12 through a pipe 16a, and the other side is connected to an expansion valve 18 for heating and cooling through a pipe 16b. 17 is a heat exchanger on the heat source side, and one side has piping 17
A is connected to the cooling/heating expansion valve 18, and the other side is connected to the four-way valve 12 through a pipe 17b. 19 is a tank for adjusting the amount of refrigerant sealed (hereinafter referred to as a refrigerant tank), and the inlet/outlet side has a first on-off valve 11a and a second on-off valve 11.
b'i connection, the first on-off valve 11a side path is connected to the piping 16a from the second usage side heat exchanger 16 to the four-way valve 12, and the second on-off valve 11b side path is connected from the heat source side heat exchanger 17. It is connected to the piping 17b leading to the four-way valve 12. Add is a faucet.

Next, the operation of the refrigerant during hot water supply and heating operations will be explained according to the diagram. The flow of the refrigerant is as shown by the solid arrow in the figure. That is, the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1o first flows into the first user-side heat exchanger 14 for hot water supply to warm the water in the heat storage tank 13, and then passes through the entire four-way valve 12 to the second user-side heat exchanger for air conditioning. 16 and heats the medium (water, etc.) in the heat storage tank 15. Next, the refrigerant is depressurized by the expansion valve 18, flows into the heat source side heat exchanger 17, obtains heat from the heat exchanger, evaporates, and returns to the compressor 10 through the four-way valve 12.

In the above-mentioned refrigerant circuit, an operation mode when both heating and hot water supply are required at the same time will be described. In this case, for example, the water temperature of the hot water supply heat storage tank 13 and the cooling/heating heat storage tank 15 is
If both are low, it is necessary to fully utilize the first usage-side heat exchanger 14 and the second usage-side heat exchanger 16 to fully demonstrate the performance of the refrigerant circuit. When the first on-off valve 11a is closed and the second on-off valve 11b'e is opened for operation, the pressure inside the refrigerant tank 19 becomes low and no refrigerant accumulates, and all of the refrigerant sealed in the refrigerant circuit becomes refrigerant. It circulates through the circuit and is used effectively.

Next, an explanation will be given of the operation mode when heating is required and hot water supply is not required. In this case, for example, the water temperature t1 in the heat storage tank 13 is sufficiently high, but the water temperature t2 in the heat storage tank 15 is still low, and corresponds to a case where further heating is required. In this case, since the second usage side heat exchanger 16 is exposed to a lower temperature than the first usage side heat exchanger 14, the refrigerant is hardly condensed in the heat exchanger 14 but is condensed in the heat exchanger 16. However, if the amount of refrigerant sealed in the refrigerant circuit is constant, the refrigerant will inevitably be stored in the second usage-side heat exchanger 16. As a result, the heat exchanger 16 has an increased liquid refrigerant area and its role as a condenser is reduced, so that the discharge pressure (condensation pressure) of the compressor 10 increases. When the refrigerant saturation temperature corresponding to the condensation pressure becomes higher than the water temperature tl', the refrigerant begins to condense in the heat exchanger 14, causing the water temperature t1 to rise, unnecessarily increasing the hot water supply temperature. At this time, if the amount of refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit is reduced, the heat exchanger 16 will be able to function as a condenser without being liquid-sealed, and the temperature t2 of the heat storage tank 15 can be increased, and the condensing pressure can be increased. Therefore, the refrigerant is not condensed in the heat exchanger 14, and the water in the heat storage tank 13 is hardly heated. In order to adjust the amount of refrigerant charged in this way, the second on-off valve 11b is closed, the first on-off valve 11a is opened, and the refrigerant tank 19 is installed in an area where the temperature is lower than the refrigerant saturation temperature corresponding to the condensing pressure. It would be fine if it had been done. In this way, all the surplus refrigerant is stored in the refrigerant tank 19.

Next, we will explain the operation mode when hot water supply is required but heating is not required. In this case, the first on-off valve 11a'iz is closed, the second on-off valve 11b' is opened, and the refrigerant tank 19 is made to have a low pressure. By installing the refrigerant tank 19 in an environment that is higher than the refrigerant saturation temperature corresponding to the low pressure side pressure (evaporation pressure), the refrigerant in the refrigerant tank 19 evaporates and only refrigerant gas exists in the refrigerant tank 19, and the refrigerant gas in the refrigerant circuit The effective amount of refrigerant that circulates increases.

Next, the operation of the refrigerant during hot water supply/cooling operation will be explained with reference to FIG. The flow of the refrigerant is as shown by the broken line arrow in the figure (the four-way valve 12 is shown by the broken line).
5G (4) Switch). That is, the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10 first radiates heat in the first user-side heat exchanger 14 for hot water supply, and then flows into the heat source heat exchanger 17 through the four-way valve 12.
It radiates heat in the recess and condenses into liquid. Next, the pressure is reduced by the expansion valve 18, and the second usage side heat exchanger 16 absorbs heat and evaporates, leaving the compressor 1
Return to 0.

In the refrigerant circuit described above, an operation mode when cooling and hot water supply are required at the same time will be described. In this case, the heat source side heat exchanger 17 is filled with liquid by increasing the amount of circulating refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit. In this way, the heat exchanger 17 hardly exchanges heat with the heat source (for example, air). Therefore, all of the energy of the high-temperature gas refrigerant can be released into the heat storage tank 13, resulting in a high hot water supply effect. In order to increase the amount of circulation in the refrigerant circuit, the second on-off valve 11b'e is closed and the first on-off valve 11ai is opened. The pressure in the medium tank 19 is set to low.

Next, an explanation will be given of the operation mode when air conditioning is not required and only hot water supply is required. In this case, the operation is the same as that described above, and unnecessary cooling capacity may be stored in the heat storage tank 15.

Page 1-13 Next, an explanation will be given of the operation mode when cooling is required and hot water supply is not required. In this case, when the second on-off valve 11b'i opens and the first on-off valve 11af closes, refrigerant accumulates in the refrigerant tank 19, and the amount of refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit decreases. When the amount of circulating refrigerant decreases, the heat source side heat exchanger 17 operates as a condenser, so the size of the condenser including the first usage side heat exchanger 14 increases. As a result, the condensing pressure (discharge pressure)
decreases, and its saturation temperature is 1. When the temperature becomes lower, the first usage-side heat exchanger 14 hardly performs a heat exchange action, and the temperature t1ffi of the hot water in the heat storage tank 13 does not increase further.

In the above embodiment, the path of the first on-off valve 11a is connected to the pipe line 16m between the second usage-side heat exchanger 16 and the four-way valve; 18, the second on-off valve 1
The path 1b also connects to the heat source side heat exchanger 17, as shown by the broken line.
Even if it is connected to the pipe line 17m between the expansion valve 18 and the expansion valve 18, the same effects as in the above embodiment can be obtained.

FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the invention.

-Page 14 This embodiment is different from the embodiment shown in FIG.
Between the heat source side heat exchanger 17 and the four-way valve 12, a path is provided in which the second expansion valve n and the second bypass on-off valve 23 are connected in parallel, and the path of the second on-off valve 11b is connected to the four-way valve 12 and the above-mentioned The path of the first on-off valve 11a is connected to the conduit 5 between the gathering point of the parallel path, and the path of the first on-off valve 11a connects from the second usage-side heat exchanger 16 to the gathering point of the expansion valve 18 and the first bypass on-off valve 21. It is connected to a conduit n leading to the point.

Since the other parts are the same as those in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the same reference numerals are given and the structural description thereof will be omitted. In the figure, solid arrows indicate the direction of refrigerant flow during heating, and dashed arrows indicate the direction of refrigerant flow during cooling.

The above refrigerant circuit operates when heating and hot water supply are required at the same time, when heating is required but hot water supply is not required, when heating is not required and only hot water supply is required, and when cooling and hot water supply are required at the same time, and when cooling is not required. Regarding each operation mode when hot water supply is not required, the same operation as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is performed. In this case, the first bypass on-off valve 2] is closed, and the second bypass on-off valve n is open.

Next, an explanation will be given of an operation mode in which cooling is not required and only hot water supply is required. First, open the first on-off valve 11m, and then open the second on-off valve 11m.
Close the on-off valve 11bk. When the cooling capacity generated by the second cooling (heating) heat exchanger 16 cannot be stored, or when the heat storage tank 15 is filled with water and it is desired to prevent damage to the heat storage tank or piping due to freezing. Then, the second bypass on-off valve 23 is closed and the first Bino-IP on-off valve 21 is opened.

The flow of refrigerant at this time is shown by a broken line. That is, compressor 1
The high-temperature refrigerant that has exited the water radiates heat in the first user-side heat exchanger 14 for hot water supply, condenses and liquefies, is depressurized in the second expansion valve n, and is transferred to the heat source heat exchanger 17 from the heat source (for example, air). It evaporates and becomes a gas refrigerant, which passes through the first bypass on-off valve 21.
It is slightly overheated in the second user-side heat exchanger 16 for cooling (heating), and is sucked into the compressor 10 through the four-way valve 12.

Because it operates in this manner, the second usage-side heat exchanger 16 hardly performs a cooling action, and the cold water in the heat storage tank 13 does not freeze, thereby preventing damage to the equipment.

In the above embodiment, the path of the first on-off valve 11a is connected to the pipe line n, but as shown by the broken line, the path of the first on-off valve 11a is connected to the pipe line 16a.
Similar effects can be achieved even when connected to.

Further, the path of the second on-off valve 11b is connected to the pipe line 5, but this path is also connected to the heat source side heat exchanger 1 as shown by the broken line.
Even if it is connected to the conduit hole leading to the assembly point row of the 7-kana expansion valve 18 and the first bypass on-off valve 21, the same effects as in the embodiment described above can be obtained.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained and explained above, according to the present invention, hot water supply, simultaneous heating operation, hot water supply only operation, and heating only operation in winter, hot water supply, simultaneous cooling operation, hot water supply only operation, and cooling only operation in summer are selected. This allows stable and easy-to-use heating, cooling, and hot water supply operation at all times.Also, since these operations can be selected according to the load, it is effective in terms of energy conservation, and it is possible to use cheap late-night electricity. It also has the effect of reducing operating costs. Further, according to the second invention, there is an effect of actively preventing freeze damage of the heat storage tank and piping during operation only for hot water supply in summer - page 17.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of a conventional air-conditioning, heating, and hot-water supply system; FIG. 2 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of a heating, cooling, and hot-water supply system showing an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing another embodiment. 10... Compressor, lla... First on-off valve, llb.
... Second on-off valve, 12... Four-way valve, 13... Heat storage tank for hot water supply, 14... First user side heat exchanger, 15... Heat storage tank for air conditioning, 16... For heating and cooling 2nd usage side heat exchanger, 17... Heat source side heat exchanger, ]8... Expansion valve for air conditioning, 19... Tank for adjusting the amount of refrigerant charged, 2]... First bypass opening/closing valve, 22 Second expansion valve for n...second
Bypass on/off valve. Representative Patent Attorney Tadashi Akimoto Pencil Figure 1 Figure 3

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. The discharge side of the compressor is connected to the first user side heat exchanger in the heat storage tank for hot water supply, and the other side of the heat exchanger and the suction side of the compressor are connected via a four-way valve for cooling and heating. Piping is connected to the second usage side heat exchanger and the heat source side heat exchanger in the heat storage tank so as to switch each other, and between the other side of the second usage side heat exchanger and the other side of the heat source side heat exchanger. An expansion valve is connected to the piping, and on-off valves are provided on the inlet and outlet sides of the tank for regulating the amount of refrigerant filled, and the other side of the first on-off valve is connected to the expansion valve through the second user-side heat exchanger and then to the four-way valve. An air conditioning/heating/water supply device characterized in that the other side of the second on-off valve is connected to a path from the expansion valve to the four-way valve via the heat exchanger on the heat source side. 2. The air-conditioning/heating and hot water supply apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the path of the first on-off valve is connected to a pipe line from the second usage-side heat exchanger to the four-way valve. 3. The air-conditioning/heating/water supply device according to claim 1, page 2, wherein the path of the second on-off valve is connected to a pipe line from the heat source side heat exchanger to the four-way valve. 4. When heating and hot water supply are required, when only winter hot water supply is required, and when only cooling is required, the first on-off valve is closed and the second on-off valve is opened. Air conditioning, heating, and hot water equipment. 5. If only heating is required, if cooling and hot water supply are required, or if only hot water supply is required during cooling, please use the first
Claim 1: Opening the on-off valve and closing the second on-off valve
Air-conditioning, heating, and hot water supply equipment as described in Section 1. 6. Connect the first user-side heat exchanger in the heat storage tank for hot water supply to the discharge side of the compressor, and connect the other side of this heat exchanger and the suction side of the compressor with 40,000 valves to the heat storage tank for heating and cooling. The piping is connected to the second user-side heat exchanger and the heat source-side heat exchanger so as to switch each other, and between the other side of the second user-side heat exchanger and the other side of the heat source-side heat exchanger. The main expansion valve and the first bypass on-off valve are connected in parallel via piping, and the second expansion valve and the second bypass on-off valve are connected in parallel in the middle of the path from the four-way valve to the heat source side heat exchanger. An on-off valve is provided on each inlet and exit side of the tank for adjusting the amount of refrigerant filled, and the other side of the first on-off valve is connected via piping to the path from the main expansion valve to the four-way valve via the second user-side heat exchanger. , the other side of the second on-off valve is connected via piping to a path from the main expansion valve to the four-way valve via a parallel path of the utilization-side heat exchanger, the second expansion valve and the second bypass on-off valve. Air conditioning, heating, and hot water equipment. 7. The air-conditioning/heating and hot water supply device according to claim 6, wherein the path of the first on-off valve is connected to a pipe line from the main expansion valve to the second usage-side heat exchanger. 8. The air conditioning/heating and hot water supply system according to claim 6, wherein the path of the second on-off valve is connected to a conduit extending from the parallel path of the second expansion valve and the second bypass on-off valve to the four-way valve. 9. When heating and hot water supply are required, when only hot water supply is required in winter, or when only cooling is required, fully close the first on-off valve, open the second on-off valve, and close the first Vinosos on-off valve. 7. The air-conditioning, heating, and hot-water supply apparatus according to claim 6, which opens the second bypass on-off valve. 10. When only heating is required, or when both air conditioning and hot water supply are required, open the first on-off valve, close the second on-off valve, close the first pay-yasu on-off valve, and close the second Bino-yasu on-off valve. An air-conditioning, heating, and hot-water supply apparatus according to claim 6. 1] When only hot water supply is required during cooling, the first on-off valve is opened, the second on-off valve is fully closed, the first bypass on-off valve is opened, and the second bypass on-off valve is closed. Air conditioning, heating and water heating equipment.