JPS608427B2 - heating cooling device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a heating and cooling device, and more particularly to a heating and cooling device that utilizes the exothermic endotherm that accompanies the absorption and desorption of hydrogen in a metal hydride.

Hitherto, particularly as portable heating and cooling devices, there have been known a heat source method in which a hot heat source such as overflowing water or a cold heat source such as ice or dry ice is housed in an insulated box, and an electric method in which a Vertier element is placed in an insulated box. However, in both cases, the heat source and Beltier element occupy a large volume, so the internal volume of the insulation box for storing the object to be heated and cooled is relatively small.

Furthermore, according to the heat source method, a heat source must be prepared each time it is used, which is cumbersome; Since it is consumed, it does not have a stable heating and cooling ability.On the other hand, an electric method can stably heat and cool over a long period of time, but it is useless in the outdoors where there is no power source. In view of the above,
The contents of the insulated box are made by taking advantage of the property that certain metals or alloys quickly absorb hydrogen exothermically to form metal hydrides, and that these metal hydrides reversibly and endothermically release hydrogen. In addition to having a relatively large capacity, there is no need to prepare a heat source for use.In addition, he has invented a heating and cooling device that does not require a power source.

The heating/cooling bag layer of the present invention includes a heat insulating box which has an inner wall and an outer wall with a heat insulating material layer in between, and which can be sealed with a lid, and at least a portion of the inner wall and the outer wall are each made of a first metal hydrogen. The container is formed into a container filled with a metal hydride and a second metal hydride, and the inner and outer walls are connected by a lotus tube equipped with a valve so that hydrogen can flow between the two metal hydrides. It is characterized by the presence of

The present invention will be described below based on drawings showing examples.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the heating and cooling device of the present invention, in which a heat insulating box 1 has an inner wall 3 and an outer wall 4 with a heat insulating material layer 2 in between,
A space surrounded by the inner wall is provided for storing the object to be heated and cooled, and this space can be sealed with a lid 5. The inner wall and the outer wall are each formed into a container having a void inside, for example. The voids are filled with a first metal hydride M, and a second metal hydride M2, respectively.A filter 6 is provided between the inner wall and the outer wall.
They are connected by a lotus tube 8 equipped with a valve 7, and the valves are opened as explained later to allow hydrogen to flow between the arms of each container, allowing the metal hydride to absorb and release hydrogen. This prevents metal hydrides from being accompanied during the flow of hydrogen and from clogging the lotus pipes and valves.For example, a porous phosphorous metal with a pore diameter of 10 mm or less is preferably used as the filter.M, Day and day M2 may have the same or different equilibrium bran pressure characteristics, but preferably different ones are used.

It is convenient for the wall fabrication and use of the device that the equilibrium decomposition pressure is less than 1 pressure at both heating and cooling temperatures. Specifically, for example, LaNi5 hydride-CaNj5 hydride, MmN
i5-xNx-CaNi5, MmNi5-xA1x-L
A combination such as aNj5 (0≦x≦0.5) is used. When the device of the present invention is used as a cooling device, as shown in FIG. The fuel, which has a low equilibrium decomposition pressure at room temperature, is preferably filled in a metal state from which hydrogen has been released under a low-pressure hydrogen atmosphere.

In other words, the state of day M is at point B; the state of other days is at point D.
correspond to each. Then, when the valve is opened and the inner and outer walls are separated, hydrogen moves from the high-pressure inner wall to the low-pressure outer wall, and M and day release hydrogen endothermically, reaching a low temperature TL, and the cold heat generated here Provided within an insulated box to obtain the required cooling effect.

On the other hand, M2 absorbs hydrogen and generates heat, but this heat is dissipated into the atmosphere from the outer wall.When the device of the present invention is used as a heating device, conversely to the above, M and day are at high pressure. The outer wall is filled under a hydrogen atmosphere, and the inner wall is filled under a low pressure hydrogen atmosphere.

When the valve is opened, hydrogen flows from the outer wall to the inner wall, where it is exothermically stored in the inner wall, and heat is given to the inside of the insulated box through the inner wall. After performing the heating and cooling operation as described above, in order to return the metal hydride in each wall to its original state and prepare for reuse, for example, while keeping the valve open and the metal hydride at room temperature, , M2 day may be heated to increase its equilibrium decomposition pressure, hydrogen may be released from M2 day, and hydrogen may be occluded by M, H', and then the valve may be closed.
In addition to reducing the pressure on M and M, hydrogen may be supplied under pressure.

Furthermore, in the present invention, it is not necessary that all of the inner and outer walls form a container, and only a portion thereof, such as a side surface or a bottom surface, may be formed into a container.

Further, a plurality of tubular containers filled with metal hydride may be arranged in parallel along the inner wall or outer wall.A specific example will be explained.

Inner size 300 x 200 x 150 fence ``Contents 9 Fill the inner wall of the insulation box with MmNi4.6Mo.4860~ Fill the outer wall with ○aNi51070'' and fill the inner wall with hydrogen at a temperature of 300℃. The pressure is increased to atmospheric pressure to store up to 80% of the maximum storage capacity, while the inside of the outer wall is kept at a temperature of 30°C and hydrogen pressure of 0.
The pressure was reduced to 7 atmospheres and hydrogen was released until the hydrogen storage amount was 20% of the maximum amount.

Now open the valve and MmNi4.6AIo. 4. When hydrogen is released until the hydrogen storage capacity reaches 30% of the maximum amount ~ As shown in Figure 3, the temperature inside the insulated box cools down to 0 after about 30 minutes at an outside temperature of 26:00. It was done. Next, when CaNi5 in the outer wall is heated to 10,000 to increase its equilibrium decomposition pressure, as shown in FIG. 4, after 20 minutes, MmNj4.6No. 4 is 80% of the maximum hydrogen storage capacity
It occluded until it returned to its original state.

As described above, according to the apparatus of the present invention, cooling and heating are performed using the hydrogen absorption and desorption reaction of the metal hydride filled in the inner wall of the insulation box, so that it can be applied to the limited dimensions of the insulation box. The content space can be widened, and the heating and cooling inside the insulated box can be sustained for a long time.Especially, if the entire inner wall is used as a container, the inside of the insulated box can be heated and cooled uniformly.

Furthermore, since hot or cold heat is chemically stored in the system of metal hydride and hydrogen, it can be stably extracted as needed without requiring any power source.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of the heating and cooling device of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a graph showing the equilibrium decomposition pressure characteristics of metal hydride to explain its operation, and Fig. 3 is used as a cooling device. Figure 4 is a graph showing an example of the change over time in the temperature inside the insulation box when the metal hydride is heated after use to absorb hydrogen. be. 1...Insulation box 2...Insulation layer, 3...
...Inner wall, 7...Outer wall, 5...Lid body
6... Valve, 7... Filter, 8... Delivery pipe. Traditional 11 Kyou 2 Scales 3 Kaede 4

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A heat insulating box having an inner wall and an outer wall sandwiching a heat insulating material layer and capable of being sealed with a lid, the inner wall and the outer wall being at least partially made of a first metal hydride and a second metal hydride, respectively. A heating/cooling device characterized in that it is formed in a container filled with hydrogen, and the inner and outer walls are connected by a communicating pipe equipped with a valve so that hydrogen can flow between the two metal hydrides. .