JPS6076537A - Sliding material - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:A sliding material, consisting of carbon graphite, alumina powder consisting essentially of gamma-alumina and a thermosetting resin binder as main components, and having improved abrasion resistance of its own and the opposite material. CONSTITUTION:A sliding member obtained by kneading (A) 40-70wt%, preferably 50-60wt%, based on 100wt% total, carbon graphite [natural or artificial graphite having 0.5-200mu, preferably 2-100mu particle diameter and 3.354-3.41Angstrom spacing in the (002) direction] with (B) 2-30wt%, preferably 5-20wt% gamma-alumina (having lower hardness than alpha-alumina, effective for abrasion resistance, and having 0.5-200mu particle diameter), (C) 20-50wt%, preferably 25-35wt% thermosetting resin binder, e.g. phenolic, epoxy or melamine resin and if necessary a solid lubricant, etc. at 80-120 deg.C, pulverizing the resultant mixture to <=1.4mm. particle size, and pressure molding the resultant powder at 155 deg.C under 200kg/ cm<2> for 3min.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a sliding material containing carbon graphite as a main component.

[Prior Art] As a sliding material used for bearings and mechanical sealing, a carbon graphite-resin sliding material made of carbon graphite solidified with a phenol resin or the like is known. Conventionally, inorganic powders such as silica and alumina and solid lubricants such as molybdenum disulfide and fluororesin powder are added to this carbon graphite-resin sliding material.
1ψ coefficient of displacement, the inventors have determined that this carbon graphite -
As a result of intensive research on resin-based sliding materials, we found that using alumina powder containing gamma-alumina as a free powder reduces the wear of the mating material and the wear of the material itself, compared to sliding materials that use conventional alpha alumina. It has been discovered that wear can be reduced. The present invention was completed based on this discovery.

[Object of the Invention] An object of the present invention is to provide a carbon graphite-alumina-resin-based sliding material that has excellent abrasion resistance on both the mating material and itself.

[Structure of the Invention] The sliding material of the present invention has carbon graphite, alumina powder, and a synthetic resin binder as main components, and the alumina powder is an alumina mainly composed of gamma alumina. This is a characteristic J2 dynamic material.

[Detailed Description of the Structure of the Invention] Carbon graphite which is one of the constituent elements of the sliding material of the present invention] mainly functions to reduce the friction J during sliding, and the sliding material of the present invention It is the main component of dynamic materials. This carbon graphite is preferably completely graphitized, but carbon graphite that is not necessarily completely graphitized can also be used. A perfect graphite crystal has a lattice spacing of 3.354 angstroms in its (002) direction. As the carbon graphite of the present invention, carbon graphite having the above-mentioned interplanar spacing of about 3.500 angstroms can be used. Preferably, carbon graphite having a lattice spacing in the range of 3.354 to 3.410 angstroms is used.

As carbon graphite, both natural graphite and artificial graphite can be used. As the natural graphite, earthy graphite, scaly graphite, scaly graphite, and block graphite can be used. As the artificial graphite, anthracite, pitch, or the like heated at high temperature in an arc furnace can be used.

The particle size of carbon graphite is 0.5 to 200μ
A range of is desirable. The reason for this is that sufficient frictional properties and sufficient bonding strength with the resin can be obtained. In particular, a g radius of 2 to 100 μm is desirable.

The proportion of carbon graphite varies depending on the amount of alumina and sliding conditions, but it is 40 to 7%, assuming the whole as 100%.
It is desirable to set the range to 0 mm%. This is because if it is less than 40%, the friction properties will deteriorate, and if it is more than 70%, the strength will be reduced. In particular, the proportion of carbon graphite is 50~
A range of 60% is desirable.

The alumina powder is mainly responsible for the sliding tube m with the mating material. The alumina powder is mainly gamma (γ) alumina powder. "Mainly" means that gamma alumina, which accounts for 90% or more of the alumina powder, plays an important role.

Gamma-alumina is a spinel-type 4R product, and some have poor crystallinity, and the lattice constant varies depending on the manufacturing method (a =
7.75 to 8.08 angstroms).

It means the powder of Na. The present inventor has discovered that wear resistance can be improved by using an alumina powder mainly composed of gamma alumina instead of alpha alumina.

That is, the hardness of alpha alumina is usually 1500 to 20
00HV and is extremely hard. On the other hand, the hardness of gamma-alumina is usually 600 to 1000 Hv. Therefore, the hardness of gamma-alumina is considerably lower than that of alpha-alumina. This low hardness gamma
Alumina seems to be a factor in improving the wear resistance of the sliding material and reducing the wear of the mating material. Here, the proportion of alumina powder mainly composed of gamma alumina is preferably in the range of 2 to 30%. If it is less than 2%, the sliding surface exposure rate of gamma-alumina is too small and the sufficient effect cannot be achieved. If it exceeds 30%, the bonding force with the resin is insufficient, causing problems in terms of strength and wear. becomes. Other than gamma-alumina, 11AI ONa O, rho (1)), chi (χ),
Contains eta (η) and delta (δ) alumina 4+1-
r+, % -r h -r for Ark, #7-? ?
#h7. Dimension 1, / lt f'-1,%
A small amount of alpha alumina, up to 10%, may be included in the 4X alumina powder.

The synthetic resin binder does not act to bind carbon graphite or alumina powder. A thermosetting resin is desirable as the synthetic resin binder. As the thermosetting resin, phenol resin, epoxy resin, melamine resin, urea resin, polyimide resin, polyamideimide resin, epoxy-modified phenol resin, melamine-modified phenol 4Mm, etc. can be used. This is because these resins generally have high heat resistance, excellent toughness, and strong bonding properties.

Depending on usage conditions, thermoplastic resins such as fluororesin, polyacetal resin, and nylon resin may be used.

In addition to the above components, 0.5 to 15 wt% of a solid lubricant or lubricating oil, and 5 to 25 wt% of a strength reinforcing material and an anti-wear material can be used, if necessary.

Examples of solid lubricants include molybdenum disulfide, lead, boron nitride, tungsten indium disulfide, tin, and fluororesin powder. Lubricating oils include silicone oil, heat-resistant synthetic oil, olefin oil, paraffin oil, and general mineral oil. Strengthening agents such as carbon fiber and glass beads can be used as reinforcement l&! m and glass beads can be used,
As the anti-wear agent, a granular material such as SiO having a large hardness and a large particle size can be used.

Next, a typical lllll method for the sliding material of the present invention will be explained. First, the required amounts of carbon graphite, alumina powder, and synthetic resin binder are blended and mixed. If a solid lubricant or the like is used, this should also be mixed. The mixture is
This can be done with a regular mixer. Next, mixing is carried out. The kneading is carried out to adjust the mixing with carbon graphite powder, alumina powder, synthetic resin binder and other additives.

In this case, it is best to use hot rolls or konida.

The mixing temperature is preferably 80 to 120'C. Next, do the dusting. In this case, it is advisable to use a crusher. The particle size of the powder after pulverization is preferably in the range of 1.4 mm or less. Next, the powder produced as described above is charged into a mold and molded into a predetermined shape. In this case compression molding or injection molding can be carried out. In the case of compression molding, increase the pressure to 2
00k! +101112, the temperature is preferably 155°C, and the pressurization time is 3 minutes. After forming into a predetermined shape, the surface of the sliding material is cut so that it becomes an impulse surface and turns blue.

Other manufacturing methods are as follows. First, carbon graphite, alumina powder, and a synthetic resin binder are blended in predetermined amounts and mixed and kneaded to form a resin paste.

Next, the resin paste is applied to the surface of another member that will become the base of the sliding material.

Then, this resin paste is solidified at room temperature or by heating or other methods, thereby fixing the sliding material to the member. In this case, if irregularities are formed in advance on the surface of the above-described other member, the resin paste serving as the sliding material will be reliably fixed to the aforementioned member due to the anchoring effect of the irregularities.

[Effects of the Invention] The sliding material of the present invention is extremely aggressive against mating materials and does not wear out. Furthermore, the sliding material itself of the present invention has excellent wear resistance. The wear coefficient is also about the same as that of conventional carbon graphite-alumina-resin sliding materials.

[Example I] First, samples were prepared with the compositions shown in Nos. 001 to 23 in Table 1. When producing, the particle size is 80μ
The following carbon graphite, gamma-alumina powder with a particle size of 10 μm or less, phenol resin, epoxy resin, and polyimide resin were mixed together. Carbon graphite used artificial graphite powder. . Mixing was performed using a Fuenher mixer, and mixing was performed using a hot roll. Next 2
A sample was prepared by pressure molding at 155°C for 3 minutes under a pressure of kQ/Cm'. The shape of the sample was a disk, with an outer diameter of 21 mm, an inner diameter of 161 DI, and a thickness of 7 mm. Furthermore, a comparative sample containing alpha alumina but not gamma alumina was also prepared. The sample of the comparative example has a composition of No. 24 in Table 1, 40 to 70% of artificial graphite powder with a particle size of 0.31 μm or less, and 12 to 30% of alpha alumina with a particle size of 10 μm or less. The coefficient of friction was investigated for each of the samples No. 021 to No. 31 prepared as described above. In this case, attach the mating material to the rotatable round shaft,
The circular end face of the cylindrical sample is brought into close contact with this mating material,
With the sample fixed, the mating material was rotated by a round shaft for a predetermined period of time, thereby causing the specimen and the mating material to slide.

The sliding conditions are as follows.

Testing machine: Niring-ring type friction and wear tester Load applied to sample m: 5ka Rotation speed: Q, 2m/sec Atmosphere: Underwater rotation time = 1 hour Compatible material: Alumina ceramic ring (surface roughness is 0.3R'a) (Below) Table 12 shows the test results for the friction coefficient. Compare No. 24 with No. 24, which has the same proportion of phenolic resin and carbon graphite. In the case of No. 1 containing 2% gamma-alumina, it is 11! Friction coefficient is 0
．． It was 39. On the other hand, in the case of No. 24, which contains 2% alpha alumina, the friction coefficient is 0.41, and No.
, was larger than 1. Furthermore, when comparing No. 25 with No. 93, the coefficient of friction was 0.31 in the case of No. 33 containing 9% gamma-alumina. On the other hand, in the case of No. 25 containing 9% alpha alumina, the friction coefficient was 0.37 compared to C, which was larger than that of No. 093. No. further contains 19% gamma-alumina.

When comparing No. 8 and No. 26 containing 19% alpha alumina, it is 0.34 in the case of No. 18, and No.
In the case of No. 26, it was 0.40, which was larger than that of No. 26. As shown in Table 2, the products of the present invention, N081~
The friction coefficient of No. 0.23 is the comparative example No. 24-N.
This is lower than the friction coefficient of 0.31.

Next, the wear of the mating material and the wear of the sample were investigated.

In this test, in the same way as described above, the mating material was attached to a rotatable round shaft, the ring-shaped end surface of the cylindrical specimen was brought into close contact with the mating material, and the specimen was held fixed while the mating material was held by the round shaft for a predetermined period of time. It rotates and slides on the sample and the other material.

The sliding conditions were as follows.

Testing machine: Niling-ring type grinder Friction tester Rotation speed: 2m/sec Load m added to the trial system: 5k.

Sliding: None Rotation time = 3 hours Mating material: Hardened steel of Hv 800-900 In this test, the wear m of the mating material was investigated by measuring the surface roughness of the mating material that was slid under the above conditions.

That is, the surface roughness of the circular end face of the mating material 1 was measured in the radial direction as shown in FIG. Non-sliding part 3,
If the height of test t1 and sliding part 2 is the same,
Wear m is 0μ. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3, when the height difference 1 between the portion 3 that does not slide on the sample and the portion 2 that slides on the sample is 0.4 μ, the wear m is 0.4 μ.

In addition, in this test, the amount of wear on the sample was investigated as follows. Sample plate before and after the test! 7 was measured, and the difference was defined as the wear m.

The test results for wear m are shown in Table 2. First, the amount of wear of the mating material 1 will be compared. No. 1, No. 1, which is the product of the present invention
,8,No,10. No, 11, No, 14, No, 1
When No. 9, No. 23 was used, the wear ω of the mating material was 60 μ in each case, and the f411 hand material 1 was not worn even after struggling for as long as 3 hours. On the other hand, the combination J using comparative examples No. 24 to No. 27
It can be seen that the sliding material of the present invention is very effective in preventing wear of the mating material.

Next, the wear m of the samples themselves will be compared. This invention product No.
,1,No,3,N008,NO,10°No,11,
In the case of No. 14, No. 19, the degree of fineness of the sample is 1.
It is 5 to 7μ, which is small. On the other hand, comparative example No. 24
~ In the case of No. 27, the wear m of the sample is 10 to 23μ
And it was big.

For example, both Nos. have an alumina content of 19%.

Compare No. 8 and No. 26. Gamma-alumina 19
In the case of No. 8 containing %, the wear m of the sample is 4μ,
On the other hand, in the case of No. 26, which contains 19% alpha alumina, the wear hole when trying on is 18 μ, which is 4 μ compared to No. 008.
．． The wear was 5 times greater. Similarly, both alumina-containing ports are 1. : When comparing the wear marks of the samples No. 25 and No. 13 (9%), it was 4μ in the case of No. 3.

On the other hand, in the case of N0125, the wear m is 15μ, and N0
Compared to the case of 93, it was closer to 4. From the above, it can be seen that the present invention is very effective in preventing wear of the sliding material itself.

Furthermore, No. contains 0.5% molybdenum disulfide.

In the case of 11, No. contains fluororesin or silicone oil.

In the case of No. 14, No. 19, the amount of wear of the sample is small.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the mating material used in the test example, Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the surface roughness of the mating material when the wear amount of the mating material is 0 μ, and Fig. 3 is a diagram showing the surface roughness of the mating material when the wear amount of the mating material is 0 μ. .4μ is a diagram showing the surface roughness of the mating material. In the figure, 1 shows the mating material, 2 shows the part where the sample was slid, and 3 shows the part where the sample was not slid. Patent applicant: Daikoku Kogyo Co., Ltd. agent Patent attorney: Hirotoshi Okawa Patent attorney: Shudo Fujitani Patent attorney: Akio Maruyama Procedural amendment (voluntary) November 9, 1982 Commissioner of the Japan Patent Office Manabu Shiga Patent application filed in 1988 183911 No. 2.1 @ Ming Name Sliding) A Guo [ 3. Relationship with the person making the amendment Special V1 Applicant 4, Agent Address: 3-3 Meieki, Nakamura-ku, Meidun-shi, Chi-ken, 4509 4 5. Claims column of the specification to be amended, Tree of Detailed Description of the Invention 6, Contents of the supplement (1) The claims column of the description is in the attached document 2)
"11AIONaO" on page 6, line 18 of the specification
First, I corrected the word "J" to "rllΔ14 09 Na2O". (3) rS i OJ in the 6th line of the 8th decline of the specification
31 corrected himself, ``Toaru wo rsiOyu''. 7. Attachment 14 U list (1) Claims column of the amended specification (1 copy) Claims (1) Carbon graphite-aluminum powder and synthetic resin binder are the main ingredients A sliding material characterized in that the alumina powder is alumina mainly composed of gamma alumina. (2) Taking the whole as 100%, the proportion of carbon graphite is 40 to 70% by weight, the proportion of alumina powder is 2 to 30%, and the proportion of synthetic resin binder is 20%.
50% of the sliding material according to claim 1. (3) The sliding material according to claim 1, wherein the proportion of alumina powder is 5 to 20%. (4) The sliding material according to claim 1, wherein the alumina powder has a particle size of 0.5 to 200μ. <5) The sliding device according to claim 1, wherein the synthetic resin binder is a thermosetting resin such as a phenol resin, an epoxy resin, a melamine resin, a urea resin, a polyimide resin, a polyimide amide resin, or a modified phenolic resin. material. JP-A-Q6O-76537(8) (6) The sliding material according to claim 1, wherein the proportion of the synthetic resin binder is 25 to 35%. (7) The particle size of carbon graphite is 0.5 to 200μ
A sliding material according to claim 1. Procedural amendment (voluntary) May 140, 1980 Commissioner of the Japan Patent Office Kazuo Wakasugi 1, Indication of the case 1983 Patent Application No. 103911 2, Title of the invention J Relationship: Special / [Applicant talent] Takeshi Representative: Sei Okano 4, Agent: Kodama Building, 3-3-4 Meieki, Nakamura-ku, Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture 450 (711052-583-9720>5, Subject of amendment) As shown in the attached sheet for the title of the invention, the scope of claims, the detailed description of the invention, the brief description of the drawings, and the content of the amendments. This has been retyped in larger print. However, there are no changes to the content.) 7. List of attached documents (1) Amended specification (1 copy)

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A sliding material containing carbon graphite alumina powder and a synthetic resin binder as main components, characterized in that the alumina powder is alumina mainly composed of gamma alumina. (2) Considering the whole as 100%, the proportion of carbon graphite is 40 to 70% by weight, the proportion of alumina powder is 2 to 30%, and the proportion of synthetic resin binder is 40 to 70%. is 2
The sliding material according to claim 1, wherein the content of the sliding material is 0 to 50%. (3) The sliding material according to claim 1, wherein the proportion of alumina powder is 5 to 20%. (4) The sliding material according to claim 1, wherein the alumina powder has a particle size of 0.5 to 200μ. (5) The synthetic resin binder is phenol resin, epoxy resin, melamine resin, urea resin, polyester resin, (6) The proportion of the synthetic resin binder is 25 to 35%.Claim 1
Sliding materials described in Section 1. (7) The particle size of carbon graphite is 0.5 to 200μ
A sliding material according to claim 1.