JPS6055249A - Snowfall detector - Google Patents
Snowfall detectorInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6055249A JPS6055249A JP16299183A JP16299183A JPS6055249A JP S6055249 A JPS6055249 A JP S6055249A JP 16299183 A JP16299183 A JP 16299183A JP 16299183 A JP16299183 A JP 16299183A JP S6055249 A JPS6055249 A JP S6055249A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- snow
- light
- snowfall
- reflecting plate
- reflected
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/47—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection
- G01N21/4738—Diffuse reflection, e.g. also for testing fluids, fibrous materials
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔発明の朽する技術分野〕
この発明は、集束性のよいレーザ等の光線を用いて、反
射板からの反射光量が積雪により減少することを検知す
る方式の降雪検知装置に関する。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Technical Field in which the Invention Will Decline] This invention provides a snowfall detection method that uses a well-focused light beam such as a laser to detect that the amount of light reflected from a reflector plate decreases due to snow accumulation. Regarding equipment.
この種の装置は一般に降雪が区別でき、気温との組合せ
調整が不要でかつ野外放置に向いた構造簡単なものが望
まれている。Generally, it is desired that this type of device be of a simple structure that can distinguish snowfall, does not require adjustment in combination with temperature, and is suitable for being left outdoors.
この種の降雪検知装置としては、ロードヒーティング用
自動制御装置が従来から知られているが、これは降った
雪をとかして水分として検出するため、雨と雪を直接区
別することはできず、気温測定との並用によっているが
、気温と雪との関係は一定とはいえないので雪のみが検
出対象である利用のケースでは必然的に無駄な動作が生
じる。Road heating automatic control devices have long been known as this type of snowfall detection device, but since this melts fallen snow and detects it as moisture, it is not possible to directly distinguish between rain and snow. However, since the relationship between temperature and snow cannot be said to be constant, in cases where only snow is to be detected, unnecessary operations will inevitably occur.
ごく簡単な重量秤りを用いて積雪荷重をはかりスイッチ
を入れる形式のものもあるが、雪が止んでも1底積った
雪が融は去るまで信号が出続ける欠点がある。鉄道線路
の転て:)器の融雪などにおいては降雪が止んだ場合、
信号を解除することが融雪エネルギー節減の観点から望
まれる。Some systems use a very simple weight scale to measure the snow load and then turn on the switch, but the drawback is that even if the snow has stopped, the signal continues to be output until the first layer of snow has melted. Falling down on railway tracks:) When snow has stopped falling,
It is desirable to cancel the signal from the viewpoint of saving snow melting energy.
光線を用いて、受光器との間を横切る粒子を引数する方
式もあるが、雨と雪の粒子判別が微妙になるのと、回路
部品が複雑になるので汎用的に多数野外設置食するえう
な用途には不向きでちる。There is also a method that uses light beams to detect particles passing between the receiver and the receiver, but it is difficult to distinguish between rain and snow particles, and the circuit components are complicated, so it is not suitable for general-purpose outdoor installations. It is unsuitable for eel use.
この発明は、雪による被害が問題になる場合など直接降
雪の有無を検知するために、例えば水分と気温の組合せ
などの間接的な方法によらず、積雪そのものを検知して
信号を発信し、しかも雪害除去装置との連動の必要性か
ら、降雪が止めば自動的に信号が停止する機能をもつ降
雪検知装置を提供することを目的とする。This invention detects the snow itself and sends a signal, without relying on indirect methods such as a combination of moisture and temperature, in order to directly detect the presence or absence of snowfall when damage caused by snow is a problem. Furthermore, in view of the necessity of interlocking with a snow damage removal device, it is an object of the present invention to provide a snowfall detection device that has a function of automatically stopping the signal when snowfall stops.
コ(7) 発834は、収束性のよいレーザなどの光線
発生部と、これに向い合って、或間隔をもって傾斜設置
された反射板と、その反射光をうける受光部とから構成
され、反射板上に積った頚により反射光量が減少するこ
とにより降雪を検知できるようにしたものである。(7) The light source 834 is composed of a light beam generating section such as a laser with good convergence, a reflecting plate facing the light beam installed at an angle with a certain interval, and a light receiving section that receives the reflected light. Snowfall can be detected by reducing the amount of reflected light due to the head piled up on the board.
反射板は、反射効率のよい鏡面をもち、かつ傾が1して
設置されても反射光が受光部に照射するよう多数の截少
なプリズム素子をもつ透明な板でおおわれており、反射
板上に雪のない時は設定値以上の光量を受光部に反射す
るが、積雪があると雪の不透明性と乱反射性のために反
射光量が減少し設定値以下になると受光部が検知して降
雪信号を出す。The reflector has a mirror surface with good reflection efficiency, and is covered with a transparent plate with a large number of small prism elements so that the reflected light irradiates the light receiving part even if it is installed at an angle of 1. When there is no snow, the amount of light that exceeds the set value is reflected to the light receiving section, but when there is snow, the amount of reflected light decreases due to the opacity and diffuse reflection of snow, and when it falls below the set value, the light receiving section detects snowfall. give a signal.
降雪信号を発したあとは、熱風ブロワ−、ワイパーなど
の除雪機構によって反射板上の積雪を除き、タイマーで
設定された時間間隔でくり返されるつぎの測定の初期条
件をと−のえることによって降雪が継続しているか終止
したかを判定し、信 。After issuing a snowfall signal, snow removal mechanisms such as hot air blowers and wipers are used to remove snow on the reflector, and the initial conditions for the next measurement, which is repeated at time intervals set by a timer, are set. Determine whether the snowfall is continuing or has stopped, and confirm.
号の継続停止を行なう。The issue will continue to be suspended.
反射板上に降雨があれば、雨滴は光線の反射量を低下さ
せるが、反射板の傾斜により流出するので影響を極少に
とどめることができ、降雨と降雪の区別を明確に判断す
ることができる。If there is rain falling on the reflector, the raindrops will reduce the amount of light reflected, but the slope of the reflector will allow the rain to flow away, so the impact can be kept to a minimum, making it possible to clearly distinguish between rain and snow. .
さらに本装置は本質的に野外に設置して使用するもので
あるので、電源用電力配線のない場合があり、このため
に太陽電池で充電される2次′亀池を付属させこのよう
な場合にでも使用できるようにしたものである。Furthermore, since this device is essentially installed and used outdoors, there may be cases where there is no power wiring for the power supply, so a secondary 'Kameike' that is charged by solar cells is attached for use in such cases. However, it has been made available for use.
さらに検知した信号を伝送するのに、信号用電線を架設
することなくキーステーションに送iするため無線信号
装置を付属させて、このような場合にでも使用できるよ
うにしたものである。Furthermore, a wireless signal device is attached to transmit the detected signal to the key station without installing a signal wire, so that it can be used even in such a case.
第1図はこの発明の実施例を示すもので、受発光部1と
反射部14は向い合って支柱工5にとりつけられ、発光
部3かもの光線9はレンズ7を通って反射板10によっ
て反射され反射光8はレンズ6を通って受光部4へもど
る。受光部の設定感度以上の光量が受光部に入れば信号
は出ないが、以下となれば検知信号として検出信号発信
機16より外部に伝送される。反射部14には熱風プロ
ワー13.熱風吹出しノズル12および図示しないワイ
パーなどの除雪機構が取付けられておシ、−底積雪があ
ることを検知した後は、反射板上の雪を除去してつぎの
間欠的な測定の準備をする。FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention, in which a light receiving/emitting section 1 and a reflecting section 14 are attached to a support 5 facing each other, and a light beam 9 from the light emitting section 3 passes through a lens 7 and is reflected by a reflecting plate 10. The reflected light 8 passes through the lens 6 and returns to the light receiving section 4 . If the amount of light entering the light receiving section is greater than or equal to the set sensitivity of the light receiving section, no signal will be output; however, if the amount of light is below the set sensitivity, it will be transmitted to the outside from the detection signal transmitter 16 as a detection signal. A hot air blower 13. A hot air blowing nozzle 12 and a snow removal mechanism such as a wiper (not shown) are installed. - After detecting that there is snow on the bottom, the snow on the reflector is removed to prepare for the next intermittent measurement. .
制御部2Kl−1:冗められた時間間隔ごとに受発光部
などの測定回路を起動する制御回路と検出感度調整器が
含まれておシ、電力紗の架設がない場合には太陽エネル
ギーで充電される2次電池をもつ電源5により必要な電
力を供給されている。Control unit 2Kl-1: Contains a control circuit that starts measurement circuits such as a light receiving and emitting unit at regular time intervals and a detection sensitivity adjuster. Necessary power is supplied by a power source 5 having a rechargeable battery to be charged.
このような構成においていま反射板10の上に降雪があ
ると雪受桁11によって次第に吹だまりが生じ、雪の不
透明性と乱反射性によって受光部4に入る光量が減少し
、設定感度以下になった時に本装置は降雪検知信号を出
す。降雨であれば反射面上を流れるだめ反射光の光量は
ほとんど減少しない。In such a configuration, if snow falls on the reflector 10, a snowdrift will gradually form due to the snow girder 11, and due to the opacity and diffuse reflection of the snow, the amount of light entering the light receiving section 4 will decrease, and the sensitivity will drop below the set sensitivity. When this occurs, this device will issue a snowfall detection signal. If it is raining, the amount of reflected light will hardly decrease as it flows over the reflective surface.
この検出動作の流れを第2図にブロック図で示す。The flow of this detection operation is shown in a block diagram in FIG.
この発明によれば、傾斜した反射板上の積雪の有無を、
光量の変化として計測し、かつ一定σ)ツ。According to this invention, the presence or absence of snow on the inclined reflector can be detected by
It is measured as a change in the amount of light and is constant σ).
イクルで反射板上の積雪を除去する装置をつけであるた
め、降雨と明確に区分して降雪を検知することができ、
しかも降雪が継続しているか否かを判別して降雪が止め
ば自動的に検知信号を解除できる効果がある。Since the device is equipped with a device that removes snow on the reflector with a bicycle, snowfall can be clearly distinguished from rain and detected.
Moreover, it has the effect of determining whether snowfall continues and automatically canceling the detection signal when snowfall stops.
さらに太陽電池と無線装楓をイ」属させることにより、
電線架設のない野外に設置しても、計測が可能でキース
テーションで検知信号を受信できる効果がある。Furthermore, by including solar cells and wireless equipment,
Even if installed outdoors where there are no electrical cables installed, measurements can be made and the key station can receive detection signals.
第1図はこの発明の実施例の構成図、第2図はこの発明
の実施例の動作ブロック図である。
2:制御部、3:発光部、4:受光部、5:電源、10
:反射板、16:検出信号発信機。
丁1閏
才2図FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the invention, and FIG. 2 is an operational block diagram of the embodiment of the invention. 2: Control unit, 3: Light emitting unit, 4: Light receiving unit, 5: Power supply, 10
: Reflector, 16: Detection signal transmitter. Ding 1 Leap 2
Claims (1)
、前記反射板からの反射光をうけて反射板上に降積した
雪によシ反射光量が減少することを検出する受光部と、
設定時間間隔毎に前記反射板の除雪機構および前記受発
光部を起動する制御部と、前記制御部用電源および検出
信号発信機とから構成されることを特徴とする降雪検知
装置。 2、特許請求の範囲第1項記載のものにおいて、電源は
太陽電池により充電される2次電池であることを特徴と
する降雪検知装置。 3)特許請求の範囲第1項および第2項記載のものにお
いて、検出信号発信機は無線機であることを特徴とする
降雪検知装置。[Scope of Claims] 1) A light emitting unit, a reflective plate installed at an angle opposite to the light emitting unit, and the amount of light reflected by the snow that has fallen on the reflective plate after receiving the reflected light from the reflective plate is reduced. a light receiving section that detects that
A snowfall detection device comprising: a control unit that activates the snow removal mechanism of the reflector and the light receiving/emitting unit at set time intervals; a power source for the control unit; and a detection signal transmitter. 2. The snowfall detection device according to claim 1, wherein the power source is a secondary battery charged by a solar cell. 3) A snowfall detection device according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the detection signal transmitter is a radio.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP16299183A JPS6055249A (en) | 1983-09-05 | 1983-09-05 | Snowfall detector |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP16299183A JPS6055249A (en) | 1983-09-05 | 1983-09-05 | Snowfall detector |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS6055249A true JPS6055249A (en) | 1985-03-30 |
Family
ID=15765126
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP16299183A Pending JPS6055249A (en) | 1983-09-05 | 1983-09-05 | Snowfall detector |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS6055249A (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS6251285U (en) * | 1985-09-20 | 1987-03-30 | ||
JPH03233393A (en) * | 1990-02-08 | 1991-10-17 | Suga Shikenki Kk | Method and device for discriminating rain and snow |
JPH0622982U (en) * | 1992-08-24 | 1994-03-25 | 気象庁長官 | Frost detector |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS4221360Y1 (en) * | 1965-09-07 | 1967-12-08 | ||
JPS4864978A (en) * | 1971-12-08 | 1973-09-07 |
-
1983
- 1983-09-05 JP JP16299183A patent/JPS6055249A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS4221360Y1 (en) * | 1965-09-07 | 1967-12-08 | ||
JPS4864978A (en) * | 1971-12-08 | 1973-09-07 |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS6251285U (en) * | 1985-09-20 | 1987-03-30 | ||
JPH03233393A (en) * | 1990-02-08 | 1991-10-17 | Suga Shikenki Kk | Method and device for discriminating rain and snow |
JPH068866B2 (en) * | 1990-02-08 | 1994-02-02 | スガ試験機株式会社 | Rain / snow discriminator |
JPH0622982U (en) * | 1992-08-24 | 1994-03-25 | 気象庁長官 | Frost detector |
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