JPS605299A - Electricity generator utilizing digestion gas - Google Patents
Electricity generator utilizing digestion gasInfo
- Publication number
- JPS605299A JPS605299A JP58110669A JP11066983A JPS605299A JP S605299 A JPS605299 A JP S605299A JP 58110669 A JP58110669 A JP 58110669A JP 11066983 A JP11066983 A JP 11066983A JP S605299 A JPS605299 A JP S605299A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- carbon dioxide
- digestion
- digestion gas
- power generation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B63/00—Adaptations of engines for driving pumps, hand-held tools or electric generators; Portable combinations of engines with engine-driven devices
- F02B63/04—Adaptations of engines for driving pumps, hand-held tools or electric generators; Portable combinations of engines with engine-driven devices for electric generators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B63/00—Adaptations of engines for driving pumps, hand-held tools or electric generators; Portable combinations of engines with engine-driven devices
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔発明の利用分野〕
本発明は、下水処理場等において汚泥処理の際に発生す
る消化ガスを燃料とした発電装置に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to a power generation device using digester gas generated during sludge treatment in a sewage treatment plant or the like as fuel.
下水処理場などにおいて有機物の嫌気性分解によシ生じ
た消化ガスは、はとんどメタンガスと炭酸ガスとからな
っている。しかし、燃料として有効な消化ガス中の成分
は、可燃性のメタンガスだけでおシ、メタンの含有率が
消化ガスの発熱りをほぼ決定する。現在の下水処理場に
おける一般的な消化ガスのメタン含有率は、約６０〜７
０％である。従って、純メタンの発熱量が８６２０ ｂ
ｌ／Ｎｒｎ’であるところから、消化ガスの発熱量は約
５０００〜６０００日／Ｎｍ３となる。Digestion gas produced by anaerobic decomposition of organic matter in sewage treatment plants and the like consists mostly of methane gas and carbon dioxide gas. However, the only component in the digestion gas that is effective as a fuel is flammable methane gas, and the content of methane largely determines the heating value of the digestion gas. The methane content of typical digestion gas in current sewage treatment plants is approximately 60 to 7
It is 0%. Therefore, the calorific value of pure methane is 8620 b
1/Nrn', the calorific value of the digestion gas is about 5000 to 6000 days/Nm3.
従来の消化ガス発電においては、消化ガスをそのまま使
用しても発電をするのに十分なエネルギ量をうろことが
できるため、消化ガスをその一！ま直接エンジンに燃料
として供給し、発電を行なっていた。このため、天然ガ
ス等の発熱量の高いガスを燃料とする発電装置に比較し
、大型化せざるを得ガかった。即ち、天然ガスの発熱量
・は、９９２９ｋｃａｌ／Ｎｍ３ と純メタンの発熱ゼ
ーよシ大きく、消化ガスは天然ガスの発熱量の５割〜６
割程度の発熱量しかうることができない。従って、消化
ガスを用いる発電は、燃料の単位量当りの発電出力が小
さくなり、天然ガス等を用いた場合と同じ発電出力をう
るためには、発電装置本体を大型化せざるを得なかった
。特に、消化ガス発電の出力の増大に伴う発電設備の小
型化が要請されている。In conventional digestion gas power generation, it is possible to generate enough energy to generate electricity even if the digestion gas is used as it is, so digestion gas is one of the best! It was also supplied directly to the engine as fuel to generate electricity. For this reason, they have had to be larger than power generators that use gas with a high calorific value such as natural gas as fuel. In other words, the calorific value of natural gas is 9929 kcal/Nm3, which is much higher than that of pure methane, and digestion gas is 50% to 60% of the calorific value of natural gas.
It can only generate a small amount of heat. Therefore, in power generation using digester gas, the power generation output per unit amount of fuel is small, and in order to obtain the same power generation output as when using natural gas, etc., the power generation device itself has to be larger. . In particular, as the output of digestion gas power generation increases, there is a demand for downsizing of power generation equipment.
本発明は、前記要請に鑑みてなされたもので、発電設備
の小型化を図ることができる消化ガス発電装置を提供す
ることを目的とする。The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned demands, and an object of the present invention is to provide a digester gas power generation device that can downsize the power generation equipment.
本発明は、炭酸ガス除去装置によシ消化ガス中の炭酸ガ
スを除去した後、単位量当りの発熱ｆを高くした消化ガ
スをガスエンジンに供給して発電することにより、発電
設備の小型化を図ることができるように構成したもので
ある。The present invention reduces the size of power generation equipment by removing carbon dioxide from the digestion gas using a carbon dioxide removal device and then supplying the digestion gas with a high heat value f per unit amount to a gas engine to generate electricity. It is designed so that the following can be achieved.
〔発明の実施例〕
本発明に係る消化ガス発電装置の好ましい実施例を、添
付図面に従って詳説する。[Embodiments of the Invention] Preferred embodiments of the digestion gas power generation device according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
第１図は、本発明に係る消化ガス発電装置の実施例の基
本構成図である。汚泥を消化法によって処理する下水処
理場の消化ｗＩｌＯには、配管１２を介して炭酸ガス除
去装置１４が接続しである。FIG. 1 is a basic configuration diagram of an embodiment of a digestion gas power generation device according to the present invention. A carbon dioxide removal device 14 is connected via a pipe 12 to a digestion wIlO of a sewage treatment plant where sludge is treated by a digestion method.
炭酸ガス除去装置１４は、消化ガスを圧縮するコンプレ
ッサ１６と圧力の変動を防止するサージタンク１８と炭
酸ガスを除去する吸着塔２０とからなっており、吸着塔
２０の出口配管２２がガスタンク２４に接続しである。The carbon dioxide removal device 14 consists of a compressor 16 that compresses digestion gas, a surge tank 18 that prevents pressure fluctuations, and an adsorption tower 20 that removes carbon dioxide gas. It is connected.
炭酸ガスを除去したガスタンク２４内の消化ガスは、供
給配管２６によシガスエンジン２８と発電機３ｏとから
なる発車装置３２に送られる。The digestion gas in the gas tank 24 from which carbon dioxide gas has been removed is sent through the supply pipe 26 to the departure device 32, which includes a gas engine 28 and a generator 3o.
炭酸ガス除去装置１４は、第２図に示すように複数の吸
着塔２０Ａ、２０Ｂを有している。これら吸着塔２０Ａ
、２０Ｂは、炭酸ガスを選択的に吸着する活性アルミナ
等の吸着材３４が充填され、並列に設置されている。そ
して、各吸着塔２０Ａ。The carbon dioxide removal device 14 has a plurality of adsorption towers 20A and 20B as shown in FIG. These adsorption towers 20A
, 20B are filled with an adsorbent 34 such as activated alumina that selectively adsorbs carbon dioxide gas, and are installed in parallel. And each adsorption tower 20A.
２０Ｂには、脱着管３６が設けられ、吸着した炭酸ガス
を大気中に放出できるようになっている。20B is provided with a desorption pipe 36 so that the adsorbed carbon dioxide gas can be released into the atmosphere.
上記の如く構成した実施例の作用は次の通りである。消
化槽１０において発生した消化ガスは、配管１２を介し
て炭酸ガス除去装置１４のコンプレッサ１６に送られる
。そして、消化ガスはコンプレッサ１６によシ圧縮され
、サージタンク１８に導ひかれて圧力の変動を生じない
ようにされた後、吸着塔２０に供給される。吸着塔２０
に充填されている吸着材３４は、第３図に示すように炭
酸ガスの分圧の増大と共に炭酸ガスの吸着量が増加する
性質を有している。従って、消化槽１０において発生し
た消化ガスは、コンプレッサ１６により圧力Ｐ、まで加
圧され、吸着材３４にｑ、よで吸着される。そして、吸
着材３４の炭酸ガス吸着量がｑ、に達した点において、
消化ガスの加圧をやめ圧力Ｐｄ″！で減圧する。このた
め、吸着量に吸着された炭酸ガスの量はｑ６まで減少し
、Δｑの炭酸ガスが吸着材３４よシ放出（脱着）される
。この脱着された炭酸ガスを、大気中に放出することに
より、吸着材３４の再生を図ることができる。炭酸ガス
除去装置１４は、このような加圧吸着と減圧脱着とを交
互に繰シ返し行なうことによシ、消化ガス中の炭酸ガス
を除去し、消化ガスをガスタンク２４に送る。なお、消
化ガス中の炭酸ガスを連続的に除去するためには、例え
ば吸着塔２ＯＡにおいて加圧吸着作用をさせているとき
に、吸着塔２０Ｂにおいて減圧脱着作用を行なわせるこ
とにより行なうごとができる。The operation of the embodiment configured as described above is as follows. Digestion gas generated in the digestion tank 10 is sent to the compressor 16 of the carbon dioxide removal device 14 via piping 12. Then, the digestion gas is compressed by the compressor 16, guided to the surge tank 18 to prevent pressure fluctuations, and then supplied to the adsorption tower 20. Adsorption tower 20
As shown in FIG. 3, the adsorbent 34 filled with the carbon dioxide gas has a property that the adsorption amount of carbon dioxide gas increases as the partial pressure of carbon dioxide gas increases. Therefore, the digestion gas generated in the digestion tank 10 is pressurized to a pressure P by the compressor 16, and is adsorbed by the adsorbent 34 at a pressure q. Then, at the point where the amount of carbon dioxide adsorbed by the adsorbent 34 reaches q,
The pressurization of the digestion gas is stopped and the pressure is reduced to the pressure Pd"!. Therefore, the amount of carbon dioxide gas adsorbed in the adsorption amount decreases to q6, and Δq of carbon dioxide gas is released (desorbed) from the adsorbent 34. By releasing this desorbed carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, the adsorbent 34 can be regenerated.The carbon dioxide removal device 14 alternately repeats such pressurized adsorption and reduced pressure desorption. By repeating the process, carbon dioxide gas in the digestion gas is removed, and the digestion gas is sent to the gas tank 24.In order to continuously remove carbon dioxide gas in the digestion gas, for example, pressurization is performed in the adsorption tower 2OA. This can be achieved by performing desorption under reduced pressure in the adsorption tower 20B while adsorption is being performed.
炭酸ガスが除去されたメタンの含有率が高いガスは、ガ
スタンク２４から発電装置３２のガスエンジン２８に燃
料として供給される。そしてガスエンジンの駆動により
発電機３０を運転させ電力をうる。The gas with a high methane content from which carbon dioxide has been removed is supplied from the gas tank 24 to the gas engine 28 of the power generation device 32 as fuel. Then, the generator 30 is operated by the gas engine to generate electric power.
このようにして炭酸ガス除去装［１４によシ炭酸ガスを
除去した消化ガスは、例えばメタンの含有率が８０〜９
０％となると、その発熱量が約６８００〜７７００ｋｃ
ａｌ／Ｎｍ３となシ、炭酸ガスを除去していない通常の
消化ガスの発熱量′に比べ約２５〜４０％単位量当りの
発熱量が増大する。従って、ガスエンジンにおけるガス
の消費量が従来と四景の場合であっても、ガスエンジン
の出力が発熱量の増大率にほぼ比例して増大し、出力を
約２５〜４０％増加させることができる。このため、発
電出力も約２５〜４０％増大し、同じ発電力を得る場合
に、従来の炭酸ガスを除去しない装置に比較して装置の
大幅な小型化を図ることができる。The digestion gas from which carbon dioxide has been removed by the carbon dioxide removal device [14] has a methane content of 80 to 9, for example.
When it becomes 0%, its calorific value is approximately 6800 to 7700kc.
At al/Nm3, the calorific value per unit amount increases by about 25 to 40% compared to the calorific value of ordinary digestion gas from which carbon dioxide has not been removed. Therefore, even if the gas consumption in a gas engine is the same as in the conventional case, the output of the gas engine increases almost in proportion to the rate of increase in calorific value, and it is possible to increase the output by about 25 to 40%. can. Therefore, the power generation output is increased by about 25 to 40%, and when the same power generation is obtained, the device can be significantly downsized compared to conventional devices that do not remove carbon dioxide gas.
なお、前記実施例においては炭酸ガスの吸着材として活
性アルミナを用いた場合について説明したが、例えば水
やＮａＯＨ等の液体を用いてもよい。In the above embodiments, activated alumina was used as the carbon dioxide adsorbent, but a liquid such as water or NaOH may also be used.
以上説明したように本発明によれば、炭酸ガスを除去し
て消化ガスの単位量当りの発熱量を増大させることによ
り、発電装置の小型化を図ることができる。As explained above, according to the present invention, by removing carbon dioxide gas and increasing the calorific value per unit amount of digestion gas, it is possible to downsize the power generation device.
第１図は本発明に係る消化ガス発電装置の実施例の基本
構成図、第２図は前記実施例の炭酸ガス除去装部の詳細
説明図、第３図は炭酸ガス吸着材の炭酸ガス分圧と吸着
量との関係を示す図である。
１０・・・消化槽、１４・・・炭酸ガス除去装置、１６
・・・コンプレッサ、２０・・・吸着塔、２８・・・ガ
スエンジン、３０・・・発電機、３２・・・発電装置。
代理人 弁理士 鵜沼辰之
弔１図
一！：１ζ７−
弔７図
宅３図
凌曲丈乃ス分圧Fig. 1 is a basic configuration diagram of an embodiment of the digestion gas power generation device according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a detailed explanatory diagram of the carbon dioxide removal device of the embodiment, and Fig. 3 is a diagram showing the carbon dioxide content of the carbon dioxide adsorbent. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between pressure and adsorption amount. 10... Digestion tank, 14... Carbon dioxide removal device, 16
... Compressor, 20 ... Adsorption tower, 28 ... Gas engine, 30 ... Generator, 32 ... Power generation device. Agent Patent Attorney Tatsunobu Unuma Figure 1! :1ζ7- Partial pressure of condolence 7 picture house 3 picture song length
Claims (1)
スエンジンと、このガスエンジンによ逆駆動される発電
機とを備えた消化ガス発電装置において、前記消化ガス
の供給途中に、前記ガスエンジンに供給する前記消化ガ
ス中の炭酸ガスを除去する炭酸ガス除去装置を設けたこ
とを特徴とする消化ガス発電装置。 ２、前記炭酸ガス除去装置は、前記消化ガスを圧縮する
圧縮機と、炭酸ガスを選択的に吸着する吸着材を充榔し
た吸着塔とを有することを特徴とする嬉１項記載の消化
ガス発電装置。[Claims] 1. A digestion gas power generation device comprising a gas engine that uses digestion gas generated by decomposing organic matter as fuel, and a generator that is reversely driven by the gas engine. A digester gas power generation device characterized in that a carbon dioxide gas removing device is provided to remove carbon dioxide gas from the digester gas supplied to the gas engine during supply. 2. The digestion gas according to item 1, wherein the carbon dioxide removal device includes a compressor that compresses the digestion gas and an adsorption tower filled with an adsorbent that selectively adsorbs carbon dioxide. Power generator.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58110669A JPS605299A (en) | 1983-06-20 | 1983-06-20 | Electricity generator utilizing digestion gas |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58110669A JPS605299A (en) | 1983-06-20 | 1983-06-20 | Electricity generator utilizing digestion gas |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS605299A true JPS605299A (en) | 1985-01-11 |
Family
ID=14541457
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58110669A Pending JPS605299A (en) | 1983-06-20 | 1983-06-20 | Electricity generator utilizing digestion gas |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS605299A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62297208A (en) * | 1986-06-16 | 1987-12-24 | ザ・ビ−オ−シ−・グル−プ・インコ−ポレ−テッド | Manufacture of carbon dioxide by burning landfill gas |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS57156092A (en) * | 1981-03-24 | 1982-09-27 | Kurita Water Ind Ltd | Anaerobic treating device |
-
1983
- 1983-06-20 JP JP58110669A patent/JPS605299A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS57156092A (en) * | 1981-03-24 | 1982-09-27 | Kurita Water Ind Ltd | Anaerobic treating device |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62297208A (en) * | 1986-06-16 | 1987-12-24 | ザ・ビ−オ−シ−・グル−プ・インコ−ポレ−テッド | Manufacture of carbon dioxide by burning landfill gas |
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