JPS6049678B2 - Water-soluble cutting and grinding fluid - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Technical Field of the Invention) The present invention relates to a water-soluble cutting and grinding fluid used when cutting or grinding metal.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, compositions containing chlorine and sulfur, or compositions containing alkali metal salts or amine salts of higher carbonic acids have been frequently used as water-soluble cutting and grinding fluids.

Although these compositions have excellent cutting and grinding properties, they have the following drawbacks. (1) There is a strong odor.

In particular, those containing sulfur-based extreme pressure additives have a pronounced odor.
(2) Perishable.

Items containing sulfur-based extreme pressure additives are particularly susceptible to spoilage.
(3) Easy to deteriorate.

It is susceptible to deterioration during use, especially a decrease in rust prevention properties. (4) Easy to foam.

This tendency is particularly noticeable when using salts of higher fatty acids. (Objective of the present invention) In view of the above-mentioned current situation, it is an object of the present invention to provide a cutting and grinding fluid that has excellent machinability and grindability, is odorless, is resistant to rotting, is resistant to deterioration, and has good antifoaming properties. As a result of intensive research to achieve this objective, the present inventors have found that a composition containing oxidized paraffin, an alkali metal salt or amine salt of oxidized paraffin is excellent as a water-soluble cutting and grinding fluid. found that it has the effect of
This has led to the present invention.

(Structure of the present invention) The present invention provides a water-soluble cutting and grinding fluid characterized by containing oxidized paraffin, an alkali metal salt or amine salt of oxidized paraffin.

The configuration of the present invention will be explained in detail below.

(Production of oxidized paraffin and its salt) The oxidized paraffin used in the present invention is obtained by heating paraffinic hydrocarbons to 100 to 200° C. while blowing air in accordance with a conventional method.

As a raw material for producing oxidized paraffin, so-called paraffinic oil rich in paraffinic hydrocarbons (CnH2n+2) is industrially preferred. It is difficult to produce oxidized paraffins with desirable properties from hydrocarbons with a high content of naphthenes (cycloparaffins) and aromatic hydrocarbons. The oxidized paraffin used in the present invention has an acid value of 20 to 200.
, those having a saponification value of 40 to 400 are desirable, and more preferably those having an acid value of 50 to 1001 and a saponification value of 150 to 250.

In addition, salts of oxidized paraffin can be produced by reacting the obtained oxidized paraffin with an alkali or an amine.
In this case, as with ordinary cutting and grinding fluids, it is preferable to add an excess of alkali or amine within a range not exceeding 5 times the neutralization equivalent, from the viewpoint of rust prevention and deterioration resistance of the diluted working fluid. Note that sodium or potassium is practically used as the alkali metal constituting the alkali metal salt or amine salt of paraffin oxide, and as the amine, various amines that have traditionally been used as amine salts in water-soluble cutting and grinding fluids are used. Among these, alkanolamines such as monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, and isopropanolamine are particularly effective in the present invention.

Furthermore, it goes without saying that the oxidized paraffin salt can be used in the form of a pre-formed salt, but the oxidized paraffin salt can be blended with an alkali or amine directly into a cutting and grinding fluid to form the salt on the spot. (Manufacture of cutting and grinding fluid) The cutting and grinding fluid of the present invention can be composed only of an alkali metal salt or amine salt of oxidized paraffin, but when using oxidized paraffin, It is necessary to add an emulsifier.

When using an alkali metal salt or amine salt of paraffin oxide, these can be used alone as they are. (Auxiliary Components) Mineral oil, surfactants, anticorrosives, preservatives, etc. may be added to the cutting and grinding fluid of the present invention, and it may be formulated into an emulsion type or solid type by a conventional means.

In this case, the effective composition ratio of paraffin oxide, alkali metal salt or amine salt of paraffin oxide cannot be uniformly determined in relation to other components used together, and is appropriately selected depending on the purpose of use, usage conditions, etc. (How to use cutting and grinding fluid) When using the cutting and grinding fluid of the present invention, fill an oil tank with a predetermined amount of water, gradually add the oil while stirring, and adjust to the desired dilution concentration before use.

The dilution concentration is appropriately selected depending on the processing conditions. (Effects of the present invention) As described above, the cutting and grinding fluid of the present invention contains oxidized paraffin, an alkali metal salt or amine salt of oxidized paraffin, and has excellent cutting properties, It has many effects such as excellent grindability, no odor, resistance to decay, resistance to deterioration, and good antifoaming properties.

(Examples and Reference Examples) Next, Examples, Reference Examples, and Comparative Examples of the present invention will be described.
The present invention will be described in more detail, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

Reference Example 1 (Manufacture of oxidized paraffin) 100y of white spindle oil was oxidized under the following conditions to give an acid value of 5 &
Oxidized paraffin with a saponification value of 172 was obtained.

This is named oxidized paraffin (4). Reaction temperature 15
0°C Reaction time 1 hour Air amount 0.3 to 0.411 mjn Air supply device Kinoshita type glass pole filter catalyst Manganese naphthenate catalyst amount 0.1% by weight as Mn Reference example 2 (Manufacture of paraffin oxide) 125/Marafine 100y under the same conditions as in Reference Example 1 to obtain oxidized paraffin having an acid value of 77 and a saponification value of 210.

This is named oxidized paraffin (B). Examples 1-5
and Comparative Examples A-D The composition of the water-soluble cutting and grinding fluid of the present invention is shown in Tables 1 and 2.
Examples are shown in the table with weight percentages.

Table 1 shows the emulsion type, and Table 2 shows the solution type.

Regarding the cutting and grinding fluids shown in Tables 1 and 2,
The following tests were conducted to evaluate performance.

Cutting property test sample oil was adjusted to a 10 Wt% concentration in tap water, and the cutting resistance value was measured using a surface approach tester to evaluate the cutting property.

Cutting conditions Machine Surface approach tester Tool 6-blade surface approach (580μ/blade) Tool material SK
H55 (rake angle 15 degrees, rake angle 2 degrees) Work material SCr
22 (Brunnell hardness 85-93) Cutting speed 4rr1.
The Imin results are shown in FIG.

From the results shown in FIG. 1, cutting and grinding fluids of the present invention (Examples 1 to
3) has the same level of machinability as a cutting and grinding fluid containing a large amount of chlorine and sulfur (Comparative Example B), and is superior in machinability to that containing a higher fatty acid salt (Comparative Example C). is clear.

・) Grindability test The test oils shown in Table 2 were adjusted to an aqueous solution with a concentration of 1 wt% using tap water, and evaluated by the grinding resistance value using a surface grinder.

The grinding conditions are shown in Table 3. The results are shown in Figure 2.

From the results shown in Figure 2, the grinding fluid of the present invention (Examples 4 and 5)
It is clear that this grinding fluid has better grindability than the conventional grinding fluid (D).

(c) Putrefaction resistance test An emulsion obtained by diluting the sample oil with sterilized water to 1 and 20 f8 was used as a sample solution.

5 Sterilize 400ml of each sample solution 5
00 nL 1 volume flat-bottomed flask, and add 20 of the rotten emulsion (number of viable bacteria 1 x 1σ/ml) as a seed culture.
After inoculating the cells with m1 and sealing them tightly, they were cultured at 35°C for 21 days. Then, on days 011, 2, 7, 15, and 21, a portion of each sample liquid was aseptically collected, and the number of bacteria was measured by the plate dilution method. At the same time, PH was measured, changes in appearance, and bromine were observed. Note that the rust prevention performance was observed using the following method.

In other words, approximately 15y of dry-cut casting chips (FC
-2\8~12 mesh) in a Petri dish (inner diameter approx. 60)
About 25 ml of sample grinding fluid was added to this, and after shaking thoroughly, it was left standing for about 1 minute. Next, the sample grinding fluid was removed by tilting or a method, and the state of rust that was generated on the Petri dish was examined over time. Table 3 shows the measurement results over time.

From the results shown in Table 3, it is clear that the cutting and grinding fluid of the present invention is superior in corrosion resistance to conventional cutting and grinding fluids.

(d) Deterioration Resistance Test Emulsions obtained by diluting the test oil to 1 and 2 volumes with tap water were used as sample solutions.

300 mL of each sample solution and 90 y of dry-cut cast iron chips were placed in a 500 ml Erlenmeyer flask, and after the flask was tightly stoppered, the flask was left standing in a constant temperature bath at 50° C. for 48) 1 r.

Thereafter, each sample solution is taken out from the thermostatic bath, allowed to cool, and then decanted to obtain a degraded solution. Changes in appearance and rust prevention performance (cast iron chip method) were observed before and after deterioration. The results are shown in Table 4. As shown in the results in Table 4, the cutting and grinding fluid of the present invention exhibits less change after the deterioration test than the conventional cutting and grinding fluid, and is clearly superior in deterioration resistance.

(e) Anti-foaming test liquids diluted with tap water to 6 and 8 ml were used as samples.

Pour 40 mL of each sample solution into a 100 mL female cylinder with a stopper (liquid temperature 30°C), and after sealing the stopper, move the cylinder up and down 2 times.
After shaking 0 times, let it stand and measure the amount of foam over time (Tfl.t
) was measured.

Table 5 shows the amount of foam (ml) for each sample solution over time.

As shown in the results in Table 5, the cutting and grinding fluid of the present invention:
It has better antifoaming properties than conventional cutting and grinding fluids.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The attached FIG. 1 is a graph showing the cutting resistance of the oils of Examples and Comparative Examples of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a graph showing the grinding resistance as well. The symbols in the drawings represent the following, respectively. 1 is Example 1, 2 is Example 2, 3 is Example 3, 4 is Example 4, 5
is Example 5, A is Comparative Example A. B is comparative example B. C is comparative example C, and comparative example D.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A water-soluble cutting and grinding fluid characterized by containing oxidized paraffin and an emulsifier. 2. A water-soluble cutting and grinding fluid containing an alkali metal salt or amine salt of paraffin oxide.