JPS6049135A - Electromagnetic caliper brake - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to a type of braking device in which a friction brake engages both sides of a rotating armature to apply a braking force to the armature. This kind of braking device is sometimes called a caliper?・It is called a brake, and this invention (or electromagnetic carrier) is related to the brake.

In one example of a conventional electromagnetic carry/eight brake, the armature is two substantially magnetically isolated, juxtaposed disks configured to rotate magnetically. These disks are disposed between magnetically actuated friction brake assemblies which, when energized, are magnetically attracted to frictionally engage opposite sides of the disks. . Each electromagnetic friction brake includes an electromagnet having at least two magnetic poles exhibiting opposite magnetic polarities, and when each electromagnet is energized, a magnetic flux traverses the air gap between the disc and each of the magnetic poles. Passing radially or circumferentially through the disc and back across the gap in opposite directions to the other pole, this magnetic flux attracts the brake into frictional engagement with the disc. In this type of caliper brake, the armature is formed of two magnetically isolated discs, so there is no substantial interaction between the magnetic flux paths of the two opposing electromagnetic friction brakes. Existence (~no. And since the armature requires 21!i disks,
A relatively thin, large diameter armature has high inertia.

Another type of electromagnetic caliper brake is [Calino with Master-Sley friction brake! ! Caliper Brake V/ith Ma
ster-3], a, ve Fr1ction Bra
Myers, assigned to the applicant, entitled kes month (
Myers, U.S. patent application. In this type of brake, the armature is a single disc disposed between a pair of opposing friction brakes. However, only one of the friction brakes is designed to be directly magnetically excited. When a brake (referred to as the master brake) is energized and magnetically attracted to one side of the armature disc in frictional engagement, magnetic flux passes axially through the disc to the other friction brake (referred to as the slave brake). The friction brake is applied to the opposite side of the armature of the latter and is suctioned into frictional engagement with the opposite side of the armature. In order to pass the magnetic flux axially through the disc between the master brake and the slave brake, it is necessary to form an arcuate slot in the armature disc between each spacing of the magnetic poles of the master brake. This slot weakens the structural strength of the disk, and furthermore, the slot must be created at different radial positions in disks of different diameters.

[Summary of the invention]

A primary object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic caliper brake that produces relatively high braking torque and can utilize a single, relatively thin armature that does not require slotting. Because a single thin armature disc can be used for the brake,
The disc can have a relatively large diameter so as to obtain high braking torque, and the inertia of the disc can be kept relatively small due to its thinness.

In addition, armatures of any diameter can be formed from a simple rigid disk without the need to form various arcuate slots in the disk and without weakening the disk with the slots.

In summary, the present invention provides that a plurality of magnetic poles parallel to each other on one arm of a friction brake that is electromagnetically actuated in opposition to each other are arranged in opposite directions.
occurs when a magnetism of 1 is applied, the magnetic force generated by each brake is passed axially through the armature disc to the other brake, and the two players act independently. It concerns a type of electromagnetic carrier ξ brake in which the brakes interact with each other in order to produce a higher braking torque compared to the braking torque.

The above-mentioned and other objects and features of this invention are as follows:
It will become clearer from the following detailed description with reference to the drawings.

[Detailed description of the preferred embodiment]

The present invention has a rotatable shaft 13 as shown in the drawings.
The brake is embodied in an electromagnetic caliper brake 10 for applying braking torque to a circular armature 11 fixed to the caliper. .

The electromagnetic friction brake 14 is fixed to the mounting bracket 16 and is mounted on one side of the armature 11 at a position 1τJ.

The brake 14' is secured to a similar mounting bracket 16' and positioned on the opposite side of the armature. Both mounting brackets are connected at their upper ends to an electrical connection box 18 positioned above the armature. is fixed to a fixing member (not shown).In this way,
Both brakes straddle the armature 11 and, when energized, engage opposite sides of the armature to slow or stop the rotating shaft 13.

Brakes 14 and 14' have the same structure, and only the structure of brake 14 will be described in detail here. For simplicity, each brake is represented by Meyers (lV).
) is shown as being substantially similar to the brake disclosed in FIGS. 8 and 9 of U.S. Pat. No. 4,172,242, et al. However, each brake has a closure (Kroe
It will be appreciated that the invention can be constructed based on the disclosure of U.S. Pat. No. 4,344,056, et al.

The electromagnetic friction brake 14, as shown in FIG. 3, comprises a flat oval plate 20 which can be molded from steel or other sheet metal with low magnetic reluctance. - The cylindrical stand 2J, which limits the polarity of the magnetic poles, is fixed in the central part jI (=integral) of the plate 20 and supports the coil 22. The coil 22 is of a hitherto well-known structure and is electrically It is provided with a multilayer winding having lead wires 23 and 24 (FIG. 2) extending into box 18.

The coils are arranged to be selectively energized by a suitable voltage supply 25 (FIG. 4) connected to the lead wire in electrical box 18.

Additional cylindrical studs 26 and 27 are positioned on either side of the stud 21, respectively, these studs 26 and 27 defining a magnetic pole so as to assume a polarity opposite to that defined by the stud "21. "26 and 27 are integrally fixed to the plate 20, and the studs 21
They are spaced equidistantly apart. These studs are made of white steel, and the stud ''21 is a solid cylindrical body,
Stans 1-26 and 27 are hollow cylinders.

Brake 14 is made of an oval block 30 of friction material glued to plate 20, with holes in block 30 receiving studs 21, 26 and 27, and cavities in block 30 housing coil 22. The outer ends of the three studs lie approximately flush with the flat outer surface of the friction block.

Each brake 14.14' is secured to its respective mounting bracket 1.6.16' by a pair of pins 33 (FIGS. 1 and 2) that project slidingly into studs 26 and 27.
supported above. A coil spring 34 is mounted around the spring and compressed between mounting bracket 16 and plate 20. This spring 34 acts to bring the friction block 3o of the brake into polar (slightly sliding) engagement with the armature.

According to the invention, the electromagnetic friction brake 14 is arranged to integrally interact with the brake 14';
Enables the entire caliper brake 1o to generate relatively high braking torques, and in the axial direction 1f - allows the use of a single armature disc 11 that is relatively thin and does not need to be slotted. Because it is possible to use a single, thin armature, the inertia of the armature is relatively low and less braking torque is required to bring the armature to a stop, and more torque is required to bring the shaft 13 to a stop. It can be used for city purposes. Furthermore, since the armature does not need to be slotted at various radial positions, manufacturing costs for armatures with various diameters can be reduced.

Here, the armature 11 is formed of a relatively thin disk made of steel or other low reluctance material, which disk is bolted to a hub 35 fixed to the shaft 13. An aperture is formed in the central portion of the armature disc to accommodate the hub 35, but the braking surface of the disc is not perforated.

The friction brakes 14 and 14' are arranged in a positional relationship opposite to each other, and the magnetic poles 21.26 and 2 of the brake 14
7 is the respective magnet [21',
It is positioned radially and circumferentially in line with 26' and 27'.

When the coils 22 and 22' are energized, the magnetic flux generated causes the brakes 14 and 14' to be magnetically attracted to the armature 11. (The brake is then moved along pins 33 and 33' toward the armature, bringing the friction block 30 into close engagement with the armature and applying a braking torque to the armature.

In practicing the invention, two brakes 14 and 14'
The coils 22 and 22' are energized such that the magnetic pole of one brake is of a different polarity from the parallel magnetic pole of the other brake. As a result, the magnetic flux not only attracts the two brakes to the armature 11, but also increases the braking torque above the maximum braking torque that would be obtained by the two brakes acting individually.

In this invention, the magnetic poles 21.26 and 2 of the brake 14
7 to the magnetic poles 21', 26' and 2 of the other brake 14'.
The polarity opposite to 7' means that the coil 22' of the brake 14' is connected to the voltage supply source 25 in a manner opposite to the manner in which the coil 22' of the brake 14' is connected to the voltage supply source 25.
This can be achieved by connecting to. For example, assuming that the windings of the coils between the two are wound in the same direction, the lead wire 23 of the coil 22 is connected to the (
1) side, and the lead wire 23' of the corresponding coil 22' is connected to the (to) side of the voltage supply source 25 (4th
(see figure). Reed 8 wires 24 and 24 of coils 22 and 22'
' are connected to the (to) side and (1) side of the voltage supply source 25, respectively.

In the above arrangement, the central magnetic pole 2 of the brake 14 is N
The outer poles 26 and 27 of the brake 1402 constitute the S
Assuming that it constitutes a pole, the brake 14' exhibits opposite polarity, with the central magnetic pole 21' of the brake 14' being the south pole and the two outer poles 26' and 27' being the north pole.

When coils 22 and 22' are energized, magnetic flux is generated by both coils. As shown in FIG.
The magnetic flux generated by the coil 22 of No. 4 is
, passes through the armature 11 in the axial direction and brake 1
4' S pole 21', plate 2 of brake 14'
It reaches 0'. In play 1-20', the magnetic flux branches into two paths, and the magnetic flux of each path is connected to the north pole 26 of brake 14'.
' or 27', it passes axially back through the armature 11 to the south pole 26 or 27 of the brake 14 and returns via the plate 20 of the brake 14 to the north pole 21. At the same time, the magnetic flux generated by the coil 22' passes through the same path as the magnetic flux caused by the coil 22. That is, the magnetic flux generated by the coil 22'
From each N pole 26', 27' of the brake 14 through the armature 11, the S pole 26, 27 of the brake 14 and the plate 2
0 will be treated as 3FA. The magnetic flux then flows to the ON pole of the brake 14, through the armature 11 to the S pole 21' of the brake 14', and finally to the plate 20 of the brake 14'.
' and return along two paths to north poles 26' and 27'.

Thus, the magnetic flux generated by each brake 14, 14' flows axially through the armature 11 and passes through the other brake 1-. The magnetic fluxes of the brakes 2(@ interact with each other. Therefore, each brake is not attracted to the armature 11 by its own magnetic flux, but also attracted to the armature 1 by the magnetic flux of the other brake.

This magnetic flux interaction allows the brakes to generate a greater torque than would be available if the two brakes were acting individually.

Furthermore, this armature transmits magnetic flux axially between both brakes, and must be formed by a thick disk or a spaced apart [also formed by two disks] to isolate the magnetic flux of one brake from the magnetic flux of the other brake. do not have.

Therefore, the inertia of the armature can be made relatively small. In addition, this armature does not require slots to define proper magnetic flux paths and is structurally stronger (and economically compatible with armatures of all different diameters) than armatures that require slots. It is possible to manufacture.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a partial side view of a newly improved electromagnetic caliper brake having the features of the present invention, and FIG.
4 is a partial end view of the brake illustrated in FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view taken along line 3-3K of FIG. 1; and FIG. 4 is a partial end view of the brake illustrated in FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electrical circuit for exciting an electromagnet; [Explanation of symbols] 10... Caliper brake, 11 - Armature, 14.14'... Friction brake, 16°1
6'...Bracket), 20.20'・Oval play), 21.21'...Solid cylindrical stand S (magnetic pole), 22.22'...Coil, 23.23'
; 24゜24'...lead line, 25...voltage supply source. 26.26'; 27, 27'...Hollow cylindrical stud (magnetic pole), 30.30'...Oval friction block.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A rotating armature defined by a single disk made of a low magnetic reluctance material; The first magnetic pole surface and the second magnetic pole surface are opposed to each other, and the first magnetic pole surface and the second magnetic pole surface of each electromagnet are parallel to the respective magnetic pole surfaces of the other electromagnet substantially in line. a first and a second electromagnet, and a first magnetic pole face of the first electromagnet is made into one pole and a second
means for energizing a first electromagnet to bring a magnetic pole face to the other polarity; and a first pole face of said second electromagnet to said other polarity and a second pole face to said unipolar position; means for exciting a second electromagnet so that the magnetic flux generated by said means extends from a first pole face of the first electromagnet through said disc to a first pole face of the second electromagnet; An electromagnetic caliper brake, characterized in that the caliper brake passes through a path extending from the second magnetic pole surface of the second electromagnet to the second magnetic pole surface of the first electromagnet through the disk in reverse. 2 defining an armature, a rotating disk made of a low magnetic reluctance material, relatively thin in the axial direction and substantially unperforated, and disposed on opposite axially opposite sides of the disk; A pair of electromagnets each having a first magnetic pole surface and a second magnetic pole surface facing the disk, with both magnetic pole surfaces of each electromagnet being substantially parallel to each magnetic pole surface of the other electromagnet. , means for energizing one of the electromagnets so that the first magnetic pole face of one of the electromagnets is N11li and the second magnetic pole face of the electromagnet is the south pole; and means for exciting the other of the electromagnets so that the second magnetic Ti surface becomes the N pole, and the magnetic flux generated by the means is directed from the first magnetic pole surface of the one electromagnet to the circular the first of said other electromagnet through the plate.
An electromagnetic carino ξ plate, characterized in that it passes through a path extending from the second pole face of the latter electromagnet to the second pole face of one of the electromagnets through the disc and back. 3. comprising a rotating armature defined by a single disc made of a low magnetic reluctance material, and first and twentieth compact magnets disposed on opposite axially opposed sides of the disc; Each of the electromagnets has first, second and third magnetic pole faces that are opposed to the disk, and the first, second and third magnetic pole faces of each electromagnet are substantially in contact with the respective magnetic pole faces of the other electromagnet. means for exciting the first electromagnet so as to cause the first and third magnetic pole faces of the first electromagnet to be of one polarity and the second magnetic face of the first electromagnet to be of opposite polarity;
a second electromagnet such that the first and third magnetic pole faces of the second electromagnet have the opposite polarities and the second magnetic pole face has the unipolar polarity;
and means for exciting an electromagnet.