JPS6047942A - Material tensile testing equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To attain to enhance test efficiency by enabling detection of various tensile characteristics values, by measuring various dimensions of a plane shaped test piece by scanning the same with laser beam during testing. CONSTITUTION:A plate width measuring apparatus 4 is provided so that the moving base 5 thereof is adjacent to a movable chuck 25 and the moving base 5 is supported by the support beam 32 of a base 3, which supports the plate width measuring apparatus 4, through guide cylinders 51, 51. A scanning part 6 is fixed to one end part of the moving base 5 and a beam receiving part 7 is secured to the other end part thereof while the scanning part 6 and the beam receiving part 7 are extended between a fixed chuck 23 and the moving chuck 25 from the moving base 5 and an incident mirror 61 is provided to the leading end of the scanning part 6 in an extended state and a beam receiving mirror 71 is provided to the leading end of the beam receiving part 7 in an extended state. The scanning part 6 allows laser beam L being one kind of light to be incident to the incident mirror 61, and the reflected laser beam L from the incident mirror 61 to irradiate the surface of a plate shaped test piece A to oscillate the same while the beam receiving part 7 receives laser beam L, which passes the position of the plate shaped test piece A and reflected from the beam receiving mirror 71, to analyze the same.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a material tensile testing device for testing by installing a plate-shaped test piece between a stationary chuck and a movable chunk.

When tensile testing a plate-shaped material such as a steel plate, the relationship between the load and elongation from the beginning of tensile uH to breakage can be easily determined as numerical values or a diagram using a conventionally well-known tensile testing device.

However, in the case of steel plates, etc., it is necessary to evaluate the deep drawability for press formability, etc., and also to accurately grasp the state at fracture to evaluate the quality of the material, and the r value is used as a parameter to evaluate the former. , n values are often used.

The r value is called the plastic strain ratio, and r=ε
Defined by w/εt, if the condition of constant volume during plastic deformation is used, one εW εQ+ and w and y = volumetric strain εO: plate length strain εt: plate thickness strain, which can be expressed as plate thickness strain, which makes it difficult to improve measurement accuracy. The r value can be determined by the plate 11] and gauge length without using JI/.

As shown in FIG. 1, the plate-shaped test piece (A) only breaks at approximately the center, and if it breaks unevenly, it is determined that the material is defective.

In conventional material tensile test equipment, various properties such as r value (+/i
The dimensions of the plate-shaped test piece (A) required to obtain n are 41
Since I'11 is not equipped with a device to measure I'11, I sometimes remove the plate specimen (A) during the test and measure I'11 with a micrometer, or use a contact type medium tl (1) as shown in Figure 2. Separate the plate-shaped test piece (A) with your hands so that it is held between the contacts (11).
The sushi was sampled and measured.

Moreover, the appearance of the plate-shaped test piece (A) at the time of breakage was determined visually by a person.

However, with such conventional material testing equipment, various measurements are extremely complicated, and when a large number of plate-shaped test pieces (A) have to be processed, testing time and man-hours increase, resulting in poor efficiency. However, there was a problem in that the cost was also high.

The present invention has been made to address these conventional problems.It scans a light beam onto a plate-shaped specimen during testing to measure various dimensions and automatically detects various tensile property values. The purpose is to provide a material testing device that allows for

In order to achieve this object, the present invention includes an incident mirror and a light receiving mirror that face each other in the direction of the plate surface of the plate-shaped test piece with a plate-shaped test piece in between; a scanning unit that sends the reflected light beam onto the plate surface of the plate-shaped test piece with a beam 4, and a light receiving unit that receives and analyzes the light beam reflected by the light-receiving mirror after passing through the position of the plate-shaped test piece. The submerged liquid constant device consisting of
It is a material tensile testing device characterized by sQ digits, and the plate thickness 71 + 11 constant device 6 automatically measures the liquid, thereby quickly detecting various 4 and ν values,
The state of breakage can also be determined automatically.

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

Figures 31 to 5 show a material tensile testing device according to an embodiment of the present invention, with some parts omitted.

A test device main body (2) C1 for applying a load to and pulling the plate-shaped test piece (A), a main body base (21) containing a built-in drive mechanism and a drive control mechanism for applying the load, to a support column (22).

(22) is installed at V'L, a fixed chuck (23) is fixedly supported on the upper part of the pillars (22), (22), and a drive pin (24) or one is fixed inside each pillar (22). A movable chuck (25), which is moved downward by the rotation of the drive screw head (24), is attached to the fixed chuck 1. The chuck blade (23) is provided on the lower blade of the chuck (23), and the fixed chuck blade (23) is provided with the fixed chuck blade (23).
26), and the movable chuck (25) is provided with a movable chuck blade (27).

Plate + l + All fixed device 〆1 support base (3) connects its support legs (31) to the main body base (2) of the test device main body (2).
1), and the plate +1' J J
A device (4) is provided.

Board II] The 1llll fixed device (4) is attached to its moving base (5
) is provided adjacent to the movable chunk (25), and the movable base (5) connects the support beam (32) of the plate RL+measuring device support mace) via the guide cylinders (51), (51).
- the drive rod (53) of the vertical drive cylinder (52) supported in a downwardly movable manner and fixed to the support beam (32);
The tip (54) of is connected to the movable base (5).

A scanning section (6) is fixed to one end of the movable base (5), a light receiving section (7) is fixed to the other end, and the scanning section (6) and the light receiving section (7) An entrance mirror (61) extends from the movable base (5) between the fixed chuck (23) and the movable chuck (25), and extends from the tip of the scanning section (6) to the light receiving section (7). A light receiving mirror (71) extends from the tip.

The scanning unit (6) applies a laser beam (L), which is a type of light beam, to the input mirror (61) and also inputs the input mirror (61) to the input mirror (61).
) is irradiated with the laser beam (L) reflected by the plate-shaped test piece (A) to make it waver, and the light-receiving part (7) passes through position 16 of the plate-shaped test piece (A). Receiving mirror (71)
The laser beam (L) reflected by the laser beam is received and analyzed.

The entrance mirror (61) and the receiving mirror (71) are the fixed side chuck knife (26) of the fixed chuck (23) and the r'r f
! A plate-shaped test piece (A
), and the incident mirror (61) directs the laser beam (shi) incident from the scanning section (6) onto the plate-shaped test piece (
The light receiving mirror (7I) was installed at a predetermined angle at a position opposite to the plate 1nJ of A), and the laser beam (L) reflected by the incident mirror (61) passed through the position of the plate-shaped test piece (A). It is provided at a position that will be reached later at an angle to receive the laser beam (L) and reflect it to the light receiving section (7).

In addition, the test device main body (2) is equipped with an extensometer (8) that determines the elongation of the plate-shaped test piece (A) by 4111, and an extensometer (81) that moves forward and backward toward the plate-shaped test piece (A). ), a pair of clamping arms (82) and (8
2) is provided, and a gripper (83) is provided at the end of each gripping arm (82).

(83) was picked up, and the two grippers (83) and (83), which had a pair on the bottom three, were used to grip the plate-shaped test piece (A). At the time of replacement, the grippers (83), (83) are opened and the gripping arm (82) is retracted so as not to get in the way.

As shown in FIG. 6, both ends of the chunk blade (26) on the fixed side and the chunk blade (27) on the movable side are respectively held between the fixed chunk (23) and the movable chunk blade (25). The plate-shaped specimen (A) installed in the
Elongation state (c), 20% elongation state (d), fracture state 71 (
e) is extended. In this example, the initial state m (a)
, the width of the gripping ends (AI) at both ends is 35 mm, the middle measurement part (A2) is [1] 25 mm, and the length is approximately 90 mm.
The center line (
A 50m section divided by 25mm on each side from A3)
m is the measurement section, and both ends of the measurement section form gauge points (A4) and (A4) that are held by the grippers (83) and (83) of the extensometer (8) in order to measure the elongation.

As shown in Fig. 7, when the plate-shaped test piece (A) breaks, the break groove (A5) is distributed from the center line (A3) within 174 of the measurement section (12.5 mm on each side, total, il
(within 25 mm), it is determined to be a normal fracture, A fracture; otherwise, it is determined to be an abnormal fracture, B fracture. In addition, the laser beam (L) of the plate width 4111 fixing device (4) is irradiated onto the plate surface of the plate-shaped test piece (A) as shown by the dashed line and scanned in the 11'' direction, and the laser beam that hits the plate surface is Since light (L) cannot pass through, the plate-shaped specimen (A)
The light receiving section (7) receives the 1/- goo light (L) that has passed through both ends of the
II] of the plate-shaped test piece (A) can be measured. The presence or absence of breakage of the plate-shaped test piece (A) can be determined by the load condition of the test device main body (2), and plate I+]
The measuring device (4) operates in the normal rIJ measurement mode that detects only the plate 111 (w) when the plate-like test piece (A) is not broken, and when the plate-like test piece (A) is broken. , the fracture groove width (S), and the plate [IJ (wl), (w2)] formed on both sides of the fracture groove 111(s).

Next, the action will be explained.

First, a plate-shaped test piece (A) is set. Plate test piece (A
) is automatically fixed chunk (
23) and the tiJ moving chamber (25),
The gripping ends (A1) at both ends are the fixed chuck blades (26)
and the movable chuck blade (27) respectively,
The grippers (83) and (83) of the extensometer (8) respectively hold the center line (A3) on both sides between +ll and the initial state is determined. - At this time, the plate rl measuring device 1τL (4) is normally I
I] All are set to constant mode.

When the test device main body (2) is driven to rotate the driving threaded rod (24) and lower the movable chunk (25), the plate-shaped test piece (A) gradually stretches, and the load is applied by the test device main body (2). Progress is recorded.

Plate III All until plate-shaped test piece (A) reaches breakage
To explain the operation of each device with reference to FIG.
The measuring device (4) is a plate-shaped test piece (A) measured by an extensometer (8).
The elongation state of
is set to . When the plate-shaped test piece (A) stretches by 10%, the drive loft of the Nido drive sill (52) is activated in step 2, and the plate Ill 1llll 5j: device 6 (4) is lowered, and the plate-shaped test piece (A) Measuring part (A2
) is the position where the laser beam (L) is irradiated.

Therefore, a laser beam (L) is emitted from the scanning part (6) of the measuring device (4) of the plate [1], and the laser beam (L) is applied to the plate-shaped test piece (A) through the necessary mirror (61). If you swing it in the +1 direction and simultaneously lower the plate rlj measuring device (4), the laser beam (L) will be ff, and it will move along the plate surface of the plate-shaped test piece (A) as shown in Figure 7 >i:X. scan. The laser beam (L) passes through the position of the plate-shaped test piece (A), is reflected by the light-receiving mirror (71) and enters the light-receiving section (7), where it is analyzed and automatically detected in the liquid.

As shown in steps 3 to 5, the plate 1+llllll same device) is measured 25 mm centering on the center line (80) of the measurement part (A2) of the plate-shaped test piece (A), and the average value is calculated. ,′
Take out l and call it plate I11(w). Thereafter, the plate "1" measuring device (4) returns -1-)I by steps 6-8. Furthermore, as shown in step 9, the calculated plate 1
t](w) to calculate the above-mentioned r(Ia).

In addition, in Step 9, it is possible to calculate parameters such as the n value in addition to r
Plate 11] The measuring device (4) normally operates in the +11 measurement mode, and also the plate +11 in the elongated state of 15 and 20%.
1 (If) and various parameters are calculated.

The operation of the plate Il+ measuring device (4) when the plate-shaped test piece (A) breaks will be explained with reference to FIG.

Step 1 in FIG. 9 corresponds to step 1 in FIG. Switch to . Then, the plate [1] measuring device (4) is lowered by step 773, and the laser beam (L) scans the plate surface of the plate-shaped test piece (A) in the same manner as in FIG. At the time of fracture, the fracture position is a problem, and as shown in +ii+, the measurement part (A) of the plate-shaped test piece (A)
If the break does not occur within a predetermined section from the center line (A3) of 2), it must be determined as a B break.

Therefore, the plate [IJ measuring device (4) is moved downward so that the laser beam (L) scans within the 118 predetermined section. It is detected by the pattern of light (L). This is the 9th
This is step 4 in the figure, and further steps 5 to 7 are added,
Plate 11 (w) is plate 111 (wl) with ten breaking grooves (A5) +
The lowest value within the measurement interval is registered as 11] data.

411 When the measurement within the fixed area is completed, the plate r is
1j measuring device (4) is stopped and the normal 1
1] Switch to measurement mode and return to standby position through steps 10 to 12.

After that, in step 13, it is determined whether or not 11'' data is registered in step 6, and if it is registered, in step 14, the 11'' data is recognized as final data and used for calculating various parameters, and the A break is performed. It is determined that If it is not registered, it means that the fracture groove (A5) of the plate-shaped test piece (A) was not within the 1llll fixed interval, and therefore, in step 15, it is determined that the fracture is B.

This completes the test on one plate-shaped test piece (A), and after removing the plate-shaped test piece (A) that was in place, set the next plate-shaped test piece (A) as described above. Perform the following test.

According to the material tensile testing device according to the present invention, it is possible to automatically test the plate-shaped test piece (plate+1) without requiring any human intervention, and it is possible to automatically test the plate-shaped test piece by adding the functions of the testing device itself. When testing, various characteristic values can be determined extremely easily, improving test efficiency, and is especially effective when processing large quantities of plate-shaped test pieces.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a front view showing the broken state of the plate-shaped test piece, Fig. 2 is an IE side view of the plate-shaped test piece showing the measurement state of the conventional plate 1 ['', and Figs. 3 to 5 are the invention of the present invention. A material tensile test device according to an embodiment is shown with some parts omitted, and Fig. 3 is a front view;
Fig. 4 is a front view showing the plate rl i11 fixing device enlarged from No. 312'I, Fig. 5 is a plan view thereof, and Fig. 6 is a front view showing in order the elongation ff of the plate-shaped test piece. , FIG. 7 is a front view showing the fracture position of the plate-shaped test piece enlarged from No. 61-, and FIGS. 8 and 9 are flowcharts for explaining the operation. Figure 9 shows the time of fracture until the shaped specimen breaks.
)... Test equipment body (23)... Fixed chuck (
25)...Movable chuck (3)...Plate 11J measuring device support base (32)...
・Support beam (4)...Plate II III fixing device (5)・
...Moving base (6)...Scanning section (61)...Incidence mirror (7)...Light receiving section (71)...Light receiving mirror (8)...Extensometer Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 6 (a) (b) (c) (d) and e-Figure 7 Figure 8 Continuation of page 1 0 Inventor Shu Hirano 2-Tsurumi Chuo, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama Inventor Hishi Shigeru Numa 14-9 1-2-1203 Nagata Minamidai, Minami-ku, Yokohama

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a material tensile testing device that tests by installing a plate-shaped test piece between a fixed side crosshead and a movable side crosshead,
An incident mirror and a light receiving mirror are opposed in the direction of the plate surface of the plate-shaped test piece with a plate-shaped test piece in between, and a light beam is incident on the incident mirror and the light beam reflected by the incident mirror is transmitted to the plate-shaped test piece. A plate rlJ measuring device is provided, which includes a scanning section that irradiates the surface and shakes it, and a light receiving section that receives and analyzes the light beam reflected by the light receiving mirror after passing through the position of the plate-shaped test piece. Material tensile testing equipment.