JPS6046214B2 - Surface erosion prevention material and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a surface erosion prevention material and a method for manufacturing the same.

Utility Application No. 1981-9135, published on March 11, 1971, and Utility Application No. 1983-41682, filed by Tenko Ian Karel Pilar on April 6, 1975.
This term refers to the prevention or control of erosion of the earth's surface, especially the erosion of coastal embankments, the floors, slopes, or embankments of rivers, drainage channels, etc. caused by water currents, or the protection of slopes of railways, roads, developed areas, etc. This is the latest technology for surface erosion prevention materials.

The present invention is an improvement on the techniques of both applications. In the present invention, “
``blocks'' means concrete that, when placed side-by-side in close proximity and substantially abutting each other on a support sheet, does not engage any part of the adjacent block on any part of its side surfaces. Or block made of mortar.

In addition, in the present invention, the term "support sheet" refers to knitted or woven fabrics of synthetic fibers or natural fibers, felt, nonwoven fabrics, metal lath, expanded metal lath, metal nets, sheet-like materials of metal filaments, knitted fabrics or woven fabrics of metal filaments. or a combination thereof, and is liquid permeable and flexible enough to conform to the shape of the earth's surface. "Support sheet with a coarse mesh" or "Support sheet with a coarse mesh" is one of these that has a mesh that is coarse enough for soil particles to pass through, and is used to support blocks when it rains by gripping both ends or one end of the mesh. A material that has sufficient strength to not break under weight. The term "soil" is used here in a broad sense, and refers to the various particles that make up the earth, such as sand, gravel, etc. The techniques disclosed in both of the above applications first involve completely curing blocks manufactured in large quantities using a block machine, etc., and then applying a fast-curing adhesive to the bottom of the block and attaching a support sheet by machine or by hand. It is something.

This technology requires a large amount of capital for the production equipment, etc., and the production equipment is fixed equipment and cannot be easily moved, so it has the disadvantage of high transportation costs in the case of civil engineering work where large demand areas are not fixed. be. In addition, organic adhesives, which are often used because of their high adhesive strength, are expensive, have problems with durability, and have problems when manufacturing blocks by a pouring method. Blocks manufactured using the pouring method are excellent as blocks for civil engineering because the amount of cement per block is low, the cost of raw materials is low, and they are durable. Even if strong adhesive is used, the laitance layer will peel off,
This will result in poor adhesion. This rapid demolding type block machine is preferably used, but although the block machine generates less laitance layer, it has the above-mentioned drawbacks. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to make it possible to manufacture a surface erosion prevention material different from the techniques of the above-mentioned two applications by a simple method such as pour molding without using an adhesive, thereby reducing manufacturing costs. The goal is to reduce transportation costs. The present invention
A large number of blocks are arranged in parallel next to each other so that they are close to each other and almost abut each other.The back side of the blocks has a coarse mesh and is flexible.The weight of the blocks is supported when both ends or one end are grasped and suspended. This is a surface erosion prevention material in which a support sheet having sufficient strength to prevent breakage is embedded and fixed in whole or in part along the edges of at least two sides of the sheet, leaving some margin.

The surface erosion prevention material of the present invention has high adhesive strength and durability,
The price is low.

In this case, a flexible support sheet with a mesh that does not allow soil and soil particles to pass through is placed on the back of the coarse support sheet.
The surface erosion prevention material, which is completely or partially embedded and fixed while leaving a small margin along at least two edges of the sheet, is effective in preventing surface erosion because soil particles do not flow out and only water passes through. especially. It is suitable.

In the present invention, the block can have at least one longitudinal slot in the vertical direction.

The longitudinal slots form vertical passageways within the block and/or between adjacent flocks. Or again,
The block may have no longitudinal slots in the vertical direction. In this case, the blocks are arranged on the support sheet with a gap between them so that the support sheet surface is not completely covered by the blocks. The present invention also involves filling a concrete or mortar slurry into a formwork partitioned to mold a large number of independent blocks at the same time, and forming a coarse mesh on the top surface of the uncured slurry to form a ground surface shape. A support sheet with flexibility corresponding to This is a method for producing a surface erosion prevention material, which is characterized in that the material is completely or partially embedded leaving some margin in the part, cured and fixed, and then removed from the mold.

Since the manufacturing equipment of the present invention is simple, it can be easily relocated, the surface erosion prevention material can be manufactured on-site, it can cope with seasonal or regional differences in demand, and it can reduce manufacturing and transportation costs. can be used to prevent laitance. In this case, simultaneously or subsequently, a coarse support sheet is entirely embedded on the top surface of the uncured slurry.
After embedding a flexible support sheet with a mesh that does not allow soil particles to pass through, leaving some margin along at least two edges of the sheet, in whole or in part, curing and fixing, The two supporting sheets can be fixed at the same time as demolding, which is particularly suitable.

In these manufacturing methods, mortar slurry is filled on the top surface of concrete slurry in an unhardened state, and a support sheet is completely or partially embedded in the top surface of the mortar slurry while it is in an unhardened state. can be done.

In this way, the bond between the block and the support sheet can be strengthened. The formwork is a formwork partitioned to simultaneously mold a large number of independent blocks having at least one or more longitudinal grooves forming vertical passageways within the blocks and/or between adjacent blocks. It is particularly suitable if used.

In this case, the formwork can also be adjusted to produce blocks without longitudinal slots. The invention will now be explained in more detail by way of example.

EXAMPLE A surface erosion prevention material according to the present invention was manufactured as follows in the process example shown in FIG.

Concrete is poured from chute 2 in step B into the formwork 1, which has been cleaned and coated with a release agent in step A, and is equipped with a female mold of a block having vertical grooves in the corners and a through hole in the center as shown in Fig. 20. (or mortar) and roller 3 in step C.
Level the surface of the concrete using I was able to overturn 5. In this case, there is a slight margin (approximately 3
0 to 50 cm) remained. This margin along the edge is indispensable for practical purposes, and is extremely convenient when lifting ground erosion prevention materials and placing them on slopes (see Figure 7, for example) (see Figure 6). , the tips of the supporting sheets 4 and 5 are fixed with chucks 6, etc., and the sheet 4 is fully embedded in the concrete surface while the sheet 4 is fully embedded in the concrete surface, and the sheet 5 is partially embedded in the concrete surface in a tensioned state to prevent wrinkles. Sheets 4 and 5 were pressed together so that they would fit together.
Next, in step E, the mold was steam cured, and then in step F, the mold 1 was reversed and the block 7 was removed from the mold. A block (see FIG. 20) having longitudinal corner slots and a central through hole was thus produced.

By changing the female mold of formwork 1 and performing the same operation, a block ( 8th~
(see Figure 9), a flock having longitudinal slots at the corner and longitudinal slots at the periphery (see Figure 10), longitudinal slots at the corner,
A block having a vertical groove at the periphery, a central through hole, a horizontal groove at the center of the surface, and a vertical groove at the periphery of the surface (see Figure 13), a vertical groove at the corner, and a vertical groove at the periphery. A block with a hole and a central through hole (see Figure 14), a block with a peripheral vertical slot (see Figure 15), a block with a corner vertical slot (see Figure 16), a groove A block without a hole (see Figure 18 A and B), a block with a corner longitudinal slot, a peripheral longitudinal slot and a central through hole (see Figure 19 A and B), a central through hole (see Figure 21), a block with longitudinal slots at the corners (see Figure 22), a block with longitudinal slots at the periphery (see Figures 23A and B), a block with longitudinal slots at the corners (see Figure 23), Blocks with directional slots and peripheral longitudinal slots (see Figures 24A and B) or blocks with peripheral longitudinal slots on two opposing peripheries (see Figure 25) were manufactured. It was convenient for the block to have a shape that was easy to demold. Instead of steam curing, it was possible to perform heat curing, and it was also possible to perform natural curing by using steam curing. As shown in FIGS. 2, 4, and 5, the sheet 4 is made of synthetic fibers (e.g., polyester) 4" with high tensile strength in the longitudinal direction, and fibers for assembly (e.g., cotton thread) 4" in the axial direction.
Using this, it was possible to use a mesh-like structure. If more than one support sheet 1 is used, the support sheet must have sufficient strength so that it will not break due to the weight of the supporting block when the support sheet is held at both ends or one end and suspended (see Figure 6). It is necessary to have

To illustrate the surface erosion prevention material of the present invention, a coarse support sheet 4 and a support sheet 5 that do not allow soil particles to pass are completely embedded and fixed on the back side of a block 7 (see Fig. 3), and a block 7 on the back side. (Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 8, Fig. 9)
Fig. 10, Fig. 13, Fig. 14, Fig. 15, Fig. 16
(see Figure 11), block B (7) with a coarse support sheet 44 and a support sheet 46 that is partially embedded and does not allow soil particles to pass through on the back side (see Figure 11), and blocks. Coarse support sheets 48 and 50 are completely embedded on the back side of B, and a support sheet 52 that does not allow soil particles to pass is partially embedded and fixed (No. 1)
(See Figure 2).

According to the present invention, the following advantages can be obtained.

The technology of the present invention is that ready-mixed concrete trucks can be used almost everywhere today, so the main manufacturing equipment is only the formwork, which is extremely simple, and the equipment cost and maintenance cost are extremely low. be. In addition, a simple casting method can be adopted as a manufacturing method, and no expensive adhesive is used at all, so manufacturing is extremely easy and costs are low. Furthermore, the manufacturing plant can be moved extremely easily by moving the formwork, and the cost of transporting the blocks is low. Furthermore, it is extremely advantageous because large differences in seasonal or regional demand, which are always associated with civil engineering work, can be coped with simply by increasing or decreasing the formwork. Furthermore, blocks obtained by pour molding have the advantage of lower raw material costs and greater durability than blocks produced by rapid demolding.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram showing an example of the method of the present invention, Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the support sheet used in the invention, and Fig. 3 is an example of the surface erosion prevention material manufactured according to the invention. FIG. 4 is a partial perspective view showing another example of the ground surface erosion prevention material of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a partial plan view showing still another example of the ground surface erosion prevention material of the present invention. , FIG. 6 is a diagrammatic side view showing the device manufactured according to the present invention in a lifted state;
Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic side view showing an example of installing the surface erosion prevention material of the present invention, Fig. 8 is a partial perspective view showing an example of the ground surface erosion prevention material of the present invention, and Fig. 9 is a plan view thereof. Figure 10 is a partial perspective view showing another example of the surface erosion prevention material of the present invention, and Figures 11 and 12 are surface erosion prevention materials of the present invention when two or three support sheets are used. 13 and 14 are a side view diagrammatically illustrating the material, and FIGS. 13 and 14 are partial perspective views, FIG.
6 and 17 are partial plan views showing still other examples of the surface erosion prevention material of the present invention, FIG. 18A is a side view showing one example of the block used in the device of the present invention, and FIG. 18B
is a plan view thereof, FIG. 19A is a side view showing another example of the block, FIG. 19B is a plan view thereof, FIG. 20 is a plan view showing another example of the block, and FIG. 21A is a side view showing another example of the block. 21B is a plan view of another example, FIG. 22 is a plan view of another example of the block, FIG. 23A is a side view of another example of the block, and 23B is a side view of another example of the block. Its plan, 2nd
3A is a side view illustrating another shape of the block, No. 24
Fig. B is a plan view thereof, and Fig. 25 is a plan view illustrating another shape of the block. 1... Formwork for block forming, 2... Concrete or mortar pouring chute, 3...
... leveling roller, 4, 5 ... support sheet,
6...Fixing chuck, 7...Block, 30, 44, 46, 48, 50, 52...
Support sheet, B...Block.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A large number of blocks arranged in parallel next to each other so as to be close to each other and substantially abutting each other, have a coarse mesh on the back side, and are flexible and suspended by gripping both ends or one end thereof. A supporting sheet having sufficient strength to not break due to the weight of the supporting block when Characteristic surface erosion prevention material. 2 A concrete or mortar slurry is filled in a formwork partitioned to form a large number of independent blocks at the same time, and a coarse mesh is provided on the top surface of the uncured slurry and a flexible structure is formed at both or one end of the formwork. A supporting sheet having sufficient strength so as not to be broken by the weight of the supporting block when it is gripped and hung, is completely or partially A method for manufacturing a surface erosion prevention material, which comprises embedding it in a soil, curing and fixing it, and then removing it from the mold.