JPS6039419B2 - Crusher - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a crusher, and more particularly to a crusher having a rotor carrying a plurality of movable cutting elements cooperating with a stationary cutter element, said stationary and movable cutter elements both being a structure which is easy to install and remove and which has maximum rigidity and shock absorbing capacity, and which cuts solid objects carried in the fluid passing through the machine into small pieces by the cooperation of said cutting elements; Pertains to a pulverizer designed to perform pulverization.

In sewage treatment facilities, it is necessary to prevent clogging of valve pumps and other equipment, and to reduce the particle size of foreign matter that flows with the sewage that carries foreign matter into the facility. A crusher is required.

Grinding in this way increases the rate at which wastewater treatment and purification takes place, so effective and reliable cutting of suspended solids is essential, while the grinder is simple in construction and economical to operate. It must also require a minimum amount of maintenance effort since it may be installed in a location that cannot be easily accessed. The present invention solves the technical problem of the above-mentioned system, and aims to provide a pulverizer that increases the processing speed of wastewater by pulverization, has a simple structure, has low operating costs, and is easy to maintain and inspect.

That is, a horizontally oriented rotor having a plurality of cutting elements in a number of spaced apart rings having progressively larger diameters in the downstream direction of the flow performs the cutting action with a horizontally oriented stationary cutter bar assembly. It includes a grinder that rotates to feed.

The scissor-like shearing action produces a smooth, uniform cut. The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which the same reference numerals are used to represent the same parts throughout.

Referring first to FIG. 1, an improved grinding and screening apparatus, hereinafter referred to as a grinder, is shown generally at 10.

The pulverizer is shown placed within a rectangular wastewater flow path 11. This passage may, for example, carry sewage or other sewage, which contains solids that must be crushed or strained before its treatment or delivery. . The mill has a rotor, shown generally at 12, a support structure 13, and a drive assembly, shown generally at 14. A plurality of movable cutter elements 17 are shown carried by rotor 12 and a stationary cutter element carried by support structure 13 at 18 . In the assembly of FIG. 1, the direction of flow of wastewater material that must pass through the crusher is from left to right. The upstream side of the mill is referred to below as the front and the downstream side as the rear. The rotor 12 is a unitary structure having a concentric shaft 20 supported at its upstream or forward end by a bearing 21 and at its downstream or rearward end by similar bearing elements and support structures, not shown. There is.

A bearing 21 is supported on the top of a vertical support column 22, and a corresponding bearing, not shown, supporting the downstream end of the shaft, is similarly supported on the top of the vertical support column, not shown. These vertical support columns are connected to the passage 1 through which the rotational axis of the rotor 12 flows.
1 is rigidly mounted on support structure 13 so as to be substantially parallel to the four directions of flow in 1 . The rotor 12 is formed from a series of circular screening bar shell rings 24 which, with reference to FIG. 5, are arranged generally vertically about an axis 20 to form a downstream diverging structure. A plurality of ribs 25 are welded or otherwise suitably attached.

These ribs are longitudinally fixed to the shaft 20 between the bearings and are equidistantly spaced about the same shaft and extend radially outward from the same shaft a substantially equal radial distance;
It has a balanced, non-vibrating structure. ring 2
4 is. The diameter increases from the upstream end to the downstream end of the motor 12 and is spaced apart from each other in the wire direction to define screening holes or slots therebetween to permit flow of fluid and pulverized material. As best seen in FIG. 5, ring 24 has a cylindrical inner surface 24a and a downstream radial surface 24b disposed perpendicularly thereto. Ring 24 is welded or otherwise secured to a round/step 26 formed on the outer periphery of rib 25. It should be noted from FIG. 5 that the outer surface of ring 24 is cylindrical, ie, each linear segment on the outer surface is disposed substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of rotor 12. As seen most clearly in Figures 1 and 5, the diameter of each downstream adjacent rib 25 is greater than the diameter of the upstream rib.

What should be noted from FIG. 5 is that the inner diameter of each rib is smaller than the outer diameter of the upstream adjacent rib. As a result,
A series of steps are formed on the outer surface of the rotor such that fluid passing along the outer surface is intercepted by a series of walls and becomes turbulent. This structure helps redistribute solid material strained from the fluid to be removed from the ribs and crushed by the cutter elements 17,18. This construction causes the fluid flow to curve radially inwardly to pass between the bars and to the rear of the machine, thereby further increasing the sieving capacity of the mill. The arrangement of enclosures and baffles surrounding rotor 12 directs fluid flow toward and through the rotor.

The upright side walls 28, 29 prevent the initial ingress of fluid and foul material from the flow flowing radially inward. The front and rear upright baffles 30, 31 extend across the width of the passageway 11 and are integral with both side walls 28 and 29. The front and rear baffles each have a central hole 33, 34 that approximates the size and shape of the largest sieving bar or ring 24 of the rotor 12. A rear baffle 31 radially aligned with the rear of the rotor 12 forms a shear wall with the rotor for the passage of fluid through the grinder so that the fluid passes between the sieving bars and grinds. Forced to reach the downstream side of the machine. Heavy machinery 35 and reduction gear device 36
A suitable drive such as a rotor drives the rotor.

Electric motor 35 and gearing 36 are supported on plywood 39 supported by upright plates 38 and 38. A chain drives rotor 12 via a drive sprocket carried by the output shaft of reduction gearing 36 and via a gear (not shown) that is integral with the rear end of rotor 12 . Idle sprocket 42. The sprocket 42 is swingably mounted behind the baffle plate 31 and carried by a boom 43 that is adjustable to take up the slack. A protective covering device for the rotor 12 is provided to protect the operator and the mill itself from damage by hard objects or the like that may be dropped towards the rotor 12. This cover device has a cover plate 45 which extends above the rotor 12 from the rear baffle plate 31 forward to above the front end of the rotor 12 and is swingable about a pair of hinges 46. The plate 45 can be held open to any extent by suitable equipment. An alternative cover plate is shown at 48 in FIG. The cover plate 48 is provided with holes to allow excess fluid to flow through, so that unforeseen wave conditions can be accommodated without raising the cover plate. . The width of the hole is sized to block solid objects of considerable size, and the cover plate consists of both sides 50, end pieces 49 and a plurality of ribs 51. A locking cam 53 is swingably mounted on the front baffle plate 301 by a fulcrum pin 54.

The cam 53 is eccentrically shaped such that when forced into engagement with the side wall of the passage 11, the grinder is wedged in the passage 11 and in a fixed position.
The mill is thus held in place without the use of bolts, screws or other fusing devices, or without changing the walls of the passageway 11 in any way. The cutting elements and their operating states are
and 5 most clearly.

Referring first to FIG. 3, a portion of the twisting ring 24 is shown enlarged.

A slot 56 is formed in the outer periphery of the ring 24 and has flat upper and lower opposing surfaces 57 and 58, respectively.
have. As best seen in FIG. 4, the opposing surfaces 57, 58 are cut at a small angle, shown at A, relative to a straight line segment parallel to the axis of rotation of the ring 24. There are six screw holes on the bottom surface, shown at 59.
A cutter holder assembly is shown generally at 61 and includes a wedge member 62 and a fastener, in this example a threaded bolt 62a. As seen most clearly in FIG. 3, the height of the radially outer surface 63 is greater than the height to the radially innermost surface represented by the dimensions of the green 64. As a result, the cutter element 17 inserted into the slot 56 and between the face 58 and the lower surface 65 of the wedge member 62 has a wedge shape as the wedge member 62 is pushed radially inward, such as by the bolt 62a. Force is applied. The cutter element 17 has parallel upper and lower surfaces, as best seen in FIG. 4, and is generally trapezoidal in cross-section, also best seen in FIG.

As a result, ring 24 becomes radial blade 66 when rotated in the direction of the arrow in FIG. As best seen in FIG. 3, each cutter element 17 has two radial blades 6.
6, 66a and two longitudinal or circumferential cutting edges 67, 67a, so that when a pair of radial and circumferential cutting edges fail during use, simply replacing the cutter element 17 allows a new pair to be installed. A blade may be provided.

One of the series of stationary cutter elements, shown at 18, is shown most clearly in its entirety in FIG.

As best seen in this figure, each stationary cutter element 18 is attached to a horizontal support bar 68 by any suitable fastening, such as bolts 70, 71, and the support bar 68 is integral with the housing. and is positioned generally parallel to the rut line of the rotor 12, preferably in the same vertical plane containing the axis of the rotor 12. Each stationary cutter element 1
8 has a plurality of cutting operating points, in this case three operating points are shown in their entirety at 72, 73 and 74, respectively.

The cutting point 73 essentially has a blade 75 arranged parallel to the cylindrical outer periphery of the rib 24 and the blade 66 so that a shearing action takes place when passing the blade 66 past the blade 75. This shearing action is a scissor-like action because the movable cutting element is tilted as shown in FIG. A second blade 76 is formed on a projection 77 that extends radially inwardly toward the rotor axis.

Blade 76 is oriented perpendicular to blade 75 as best seen in FIG. The blade 76 cooperates with the blade 67 of the movable cutter element 17 as it passes through the blade 76 for a cutting action. The projection 77 extends radially inwardly to a point proximate the rib 25 .

Protrusions 77 serve to remove solid particles that may become stuck between rings 24. The dislodged particles are then cut again by the next set of stationary and variable cutter elements, either in the same ring 24 or in a different ring, depending on the turbulence within the mill. Protrusions 77 also prevent the buildup of grease, fats, and similar materials that may be present in the fluid being treated. Such materials tend to stick to the sieve bar and reduce fluid flow rate by blocking the sieve bar holes. As best seen in FIG. 5, substantially similar cutting points 72, 74 are provided on each side of cutting point 73 for ease and economy of manufacture, installation, removal and maintenance. It is formed.

Preferably, the stationary cutter element 18 is formed in a compound configuration as shown in FIG. When the cutter element 18 is rotated 180 degrees, the new silk of the sharpened blades 75a and 75b is directed towards the movable cutter element 17 carried by the ring 24. It is now possible to

As described above, according to the configuration of the present invention, the solid is simultaneously cut or sheared in two directions, substantially parallel and perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the crusher rotor, in order to provide an improved cutting action. Therefore, it is possible to provide a crusher that increases the wastewater treatment speed, has a simple structure, and is easy to maintain and inspect.

Additionally, the present invention utilizes stationary cutting elements to increase the effective sieving area of a rotating sieve formed in the crusher rotor, thereby keeping the pores in the sieve free of oil, grease, and other sticky materials. and avoid reducing fluid flow rate and screening action when the mill is used on fluids containing such materials;
It would also be possible to provide a grinder that can be placed within a fluid flow path and maintained in the most effective predetermined position without the need for retainers, stops, or changes to the structure of the flow path.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The accompanying drawings illustrate the invention in a somewhat schematic manner, FIG. 1 being a perspective view of the sifting and crushing apparatus of the invention placed in a wastewater flow passage, and FIG. 2 showing the crushing apparatus of FIG. FIG. 3 is a plan view showing an alternative structure for the cover plate used in the device; FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the disassembled parts arrangement showing the associated cutter assembly including the cutter element locking device with a portion of the sieving element cut away; , FIG. 4 is a side view, enlarged from FIG. 1, of the unique cutter element of the present invention attached to the sieving element, and FIG. 5 shows the relationship between the sieving element and both stationary and movable cutter elements. FIG. 2 is a partial plan view showing the cutout arrangement shown in FIG. 1 on a larger scale than in FIG. 10...Crusher, 11...Flow passage, 12...Rotor, 17.
...Movable cutter element, 18...Stationary cutter element, 20...
・Shaft, 24... multiple rings, 56... slot,
61...Cut holder assembly, 62...Wedge member, 6
2a...Bolt, 63...Radially outermost surface, 6
5... Bottom surface, 68... Support bar. fIGIFIG2 fiG3 FiG4 FIG5

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 a housing disposed within a flow passage to intercept a fluid carrying solid material to be crushed; and a rotor within the housing having an axis substantially parallel to the fluid flow passage; a plurality of rings integral with the axis of the direction, said rings carrying a plurality of cutter elements each projecting radially outward and having a diameter that is larger downstream, each said cutter element; is received in an aperture in the outer periphery of said ring carrying said element and held in place by a wedge assembly, said wedge assembly being coupled to a fastener attachable to said ring in a radius of a wedge member having a pair of opposing surfaces disposed in an outwardly tapering relationship, one of the pair of surfaces being in a retaining relationship with the surface of the hole and the other a surface of the counter element is placed in a retaining relationship with a surface of the counter element received in the aperture, and the counter element and the wedge assembly are assembled in the aperture with the fastener in an assembled condition and the fastener is assembled into the aperture. locking the garment in a secure position, having for each said ring a stationary cutter element provided on a support structure integral with said housing, with a movement path of each said cutter element provided on said ring; A crusher characterized in that said stationary cutter element is aligned with each said cutter element on said ring to provide a cutting action.