JPS6036508B2 - Hydrophilic processing method for fiber materials - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to a hydrophilic processing method for fibrous materials. Many processing methods have been proposed to make synthetic fibers such as polyester hydrophilic, but the antistatic, sweat absorbent, and antifouling properties are lost during washing or dry cleaning, and their durability is not sufficient. As for its performance, its antistatic properties under low humidity conditions are unsatisfactory. For example, JP-A-48-19
No. 1398 discloses a permanent antistatic processing method in which a monomer having a polyoxyalkylene segment with a molecular weight of 400 to 10,000 and a monomer having two or more vinyl groups are attached to a woven or knitted fabric and then steamed. Since the antistatic effect is due to the hygroscopicity of the polyoxyalkylene segment, its performance is unsatisfactory under low humidity, and its durability cannot be said to be sufficient. The present inventors have carried out extensive research to improve the drawbacks of such hydrophilic processing methods, and as a result, have arrived at the present invention. That is, the present invention comprises the following components: (1) an acidic monomer having an unsaturated double bond, {2)
Basic monomer having an unsaturated double bond, (3) containing two or more acrylic or methacrylic groups, molecular weight 500
A treatment liquid containing the following monomers and a monomer with a molecular weight of 500 to 10,000 containing two acrylic or methacrylic groups and a polyoxyalkylene segment is applied to the fiber material, and the fiber is formed by radical polymerization. By forming a cross-linked hydrophilic layer on the surface and inside of the material, we have succeeded in making it hydrophilic with excellent performance such as durability, antistatic properties, sweat absorption, and antifouling properties. In the above-mentioned monomer mixture, the combination of monomers '1} and (2) forms ionic bonds, so that it exhibits excellent antistatic properties even at low temperatures. Further, the combined use of '3} and (2) brings about the effect of improving durability by increasing the crosslinking density as well as making it hydrophilic due to the polyoxyalkylene segment. Specific examples of {1) include methacrylic acid, acrylic acid, styrene sulfonic acid, maleic acid,
Examples include itaconic acid, crotonic acid, pinylsulfonic acid, 2-allyloxy-2-hydroxypropanesulfonic acid, and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid. Specific examples of
Examples include dimethylamino methacrylate and dimethylaminopropyl methacrylamide. Specific examples of {3} include ethylene glycol, dimethacrylate, trimethylolmethane trimethacrylate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, glycerol dimethacrylate, butylene glycol diacrylate, tetramethylolmethane tetraacrylate, etc. However, it is not limited to these. Specific examples of {4} include, but are not limited to, those having the following structures. The usage ratio of monomers m to (4) is '1}:{2 by weight ratio
}:{3-:'4)=1:0.1~2.0:0.1~0
．． 5: A range of 0.5 to 4.0 is usually used, but is not particularly limited. However, many of the monomers '3} are hydrophobic, and the amount used is 5 to 50% by weight in the total monomer mixture.
%. If it is too small, the durability will be insufficient, and if it is too large, satisfactory performance will not be obtained. Also

Regarding the usage ratio of [11 and '2), it is better to increase the molar ratio of {1} and use it on the acidic side of pH 2.5 to 6.0, because the polymerization efficiency of the monomer mixture is better and the modification The quality effect is also large. The amount of the monomer copolymer attached to the fiber material is in the range of 0.3 to 10%, and if it is less than 0.3%, the hydrophilic effect will be small, and if it is more than 10%, there is a risk that the texture will be impaired. In the present invention, in addition to the monomer, hydrogen peroxide, ammonium persulfate, potassium persulfate, etc. can be used as water-soluble polymerization initiators. In addition, penzoyl peroxide, azobisisobutyronitrile, tert-butyl perbenzoate, etc. can be used as a water-resistant polymerization initiator. Forms dissolved or emulsified in surfactants, or commercially available carriers
It can be used in the form of an emulsified dispersion after dissolving in a similar substance. These hydrophobic organic solvents or carriers include, for example, aromatic halides and aliphatic halides. These include genides, aromatic ester compounds, methylnaphthalene compounds, diphenyl compounds, and the like. As a polymerization method for the fiber material of the monomer polymer, almost all methods used for normal radical polymerization can be applied. For example, there are a method of impregnating a fiber material with a treatment liquid containing a monomer polymer and then heating it, a method of irradiating it with microwaves, a method of irradiating it with an electron beam, and a pad batch method of heating the fiber material in a wound state. Furthermore, an exhaustion method can be applied in which the fiber material is heated and polymerized while being immersed in a treatment liquid containing a monomer polymer. The fiber materials targeted by the present invention include polyester-based, polyamide-based, acrylic-based, cellulose-based, protein-based, etc., and the present invention can also be applied to blended textiles of these materials. The fibers may be in any form such as staples, filaments, or knitted fabrics. In addition, monomer {3'
If the molecular weight is greater than 500, not only the antistatic properties of the obtained fiber material will be insufficient, but also the durability of the treatment effect will be insufficient. Furthermore, if the molecular weight of the monomer {4} is less than 500, the antistatic properties of the obtained fiber material will be insufficient,
If it is larger than 0, processing operations become difficult. Next, a method for measuring the effects obtained by the present invention will be described. 1 Charge voltage Using a Kyoto University Kaken type rotary static tester, 20
o○, 65%R. Day. Or 20o○, 30%RH.
Frictional charging voltage on cotton cloth was measured in (JISL)
IO94-1980 Act). 2 Place the water-absorbing sample horizontally and add 1 drop (0.03 cc) of distilled water from 5 skin height until it is completely absorbed.
The time taken until the reflected light no longer appears is expressed in seconds. 3. Removal of oil stains (antifouling properties) One drop of heavy oil B was absorbed into the center of a sample of about 15 skins to 15 skins, and then left for 2 hours. Then, the cloth was washed at home according to the JIS L-0217-103 method three times and then air-dried, and the degree of residual contamination on the original fabric was determined using a contamination gray scale. 4 Washing durability According to JIS L-0217-10 suitable home washing method. The present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to Examples. Example 1
A processing solution containing monomers having the following composition was prepared. Acrylic acid 2% Diethylaminoethyl methacrylate 1.5% Trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate 0.3% 2% Ammonium persulfate 0.3% Prysurf A217E O. 2%
(Nonionic, anionic surfactant) This material is impregnated into the fiber materials shown in Table 1, squeezed with a mangle to a squeezing rate of 100%, wrapped around a glass tube, and then covered with a neoflon film (Daikin Industries, Ltd.). Wrapped with company product). I did a rule. Next, the sample was placed in a constant temperature room at 100 qo, left for 1 hour, and then taken out and washed at 70°C for 5 minutes, dried, and heated at 190°C.
I set 3 inkstone sands with C. Sample weight increase rate, charging voltage (
65%R. Day. ), water absorption and oil stain removability before washing and 2
The evaluation was made after 0 washes, and the results are shown in Table 1. For comparison, untreated samples were also evaluated. From this, it is clear that the treated fabric has significantly improved antistatic properties, water absorption properties, and antifouling properties compared to untreated fabrics, and has sufficient durability against washing. Table 1 Example 2 A treatment solution having the following monomer composition was prepared. Acrylic acid 1.0% methacrylic acid]. 5% dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate 1.5% glycerol dimethacrylate 0.3% 3.0% potassium persulfate 0.3% After impregnating a polyester stretch sponge fabric with this material and squeezing it to 100%, nitrogen Heat treatment was performed at 100° C. for 5 minutes in an atmosphere. Subsequently, the same post-treatment as in Example 1 was performed, and the weight increase rate was determined to be 2.9%. 20qo of treated cloth, 3
0%R. Day. The charged voltage was 360 V, and the untreated one was 4500 V, showing effective antistatic properties even at low temperatures. Example 3 A treatment solution having the following composition was prepared. Methacrylic acid 0.2%2-
Acrylamide 2-methylpropanesulfonic acid
0.1% dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate 0.2% 0.4% monochlorobenzene
0.70 Pennzoyl/G-
Oxide 0.10 ply surf A
217E O. A 20k9L (approximately 185 mm) of 10o polyester sponge fabric was immersed in 500 g of a monomeric polymer of the following composition and the fabric was spun in a jet dyer at a speed of 200 min. The liquid temperature was raised to 80 qo at a rate of 2°C/min, held at the same temperature for three times, then raised to 100°C at a rate of 1°C/min, and rotated for an additional 20 minutes to complete the reaction. Ta. Then, it was heated for 10 days in a thermal wound at 70°C containing 0.5% sodium carbonate.
After washing for 5 minutes, the dyeing machine was washed with water for 5 minutes and then taken out from the dyeing machine. Next, use a non-touch dryer and dry at 120
After drying at qo for 3 minutes, the sand was set at 185° C. for 3 minutes. Table 2 shows the charged voltage (30% RH), water absorption, and antifouling properties of the processed fabrics compared with those of the unprocessed fabrics. From this, it was found that the treated cloth exhibited excellent hydrophilic performance.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. The following components: (1) an acidic monomer having an unsaturated double bond, (2) a basic monomer having an unsaturated double bond, (3) an acrylic group or a methacrylic group. (4) A monomer with a molecular weight of 500 to 10,000 containing two or more acrylic or methacrylic groups and a polyoxyalkylene segment. A method for making fiber materials hydrophilic, which is characterized by acting on the material and polymerizing it.