JPS6034140A - Roasting of cereal grains - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:The temperature at which cereal grains are heat treated is set higher first, then gradually switched down to inhibit the grains from decreasing their weight and volume, thus improving their commodity value. CONSTITUTION:Cereal grains such as sesami, soybeans, peanuts are first heat- treated at a high temperature. Then, the temperature is gradually made lower. Thus, the grains are prevented from losing their weight and volume caused by roasting to improve their commodity value.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for roasting grains such as, for example, sesame, soybeans, peanuts, barley, and coffee beans.

Conventionally, this method of roasting has been generally used, for example,
Using a roasting device such as a layer roaster, input grains were heat-treated by keeping the temperature of the hot air supplied to the roasting chamber constant.

However, as grains are heated continuously at a constant temperature, h
However, most of the moisture inside evaporated, and the whole grain became hard as it absorbed N, making it difficult to perform the desired expansion process. Furthermore, when the moisture content of the grains to be treated is different, as the moisture content increases, the amount of moisture evaporated during roasting also increases in exactly the same way; Both weight and capacity were significantly reduced compared to before the roasting process, resulting in a defective roasting process itself and a decrease in commercial value.

In view of the above-mentioned points, the present invention aims to improve the fi
The purpose of this invention is to effectively suppress the decrease in t and capacity, to perform the roasting process well, and to improve the product value.

In order to achieve the above object, the method for roasting grains according to the present invention is characterized in that the grains are first heat-treated in a high-temperature setting state, and then switched to a low-temperature setting state and heat-treated.

That is, by first heating at a high temperature, the entire outer surface of each grain is baked and hardened, and then heated at a high temperature.
The low-temperature heat treatment that follows the J heat treatment causes each grain of grain to undergo appropriate thermal expansion and is then roasted.

Therefore, by solidifying the outer surface of each grain, moisture is trapped inside, and the evaporation of that moisture induces appropriate thermal expansion, thereby suppressing moisture from leaving the inside of each grain. It can be expanded well while
It is possible to effectively suppress the decrease in the M amount and capacity of grains due to roasting, and it is now possible to perform roasting properly and improve the product value.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the method of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

First, a fluidized bed roaster will be described as an example of a roasting apparatus used in the method of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, a combustion chamber (2) is provided below and a roasting chamber (3) is provided above with a current plate (1) in between. A damper is installed on the side of the roasting chamber (3) and can be opened and closed by the first hydraulic cylinder (4).
The input port (6) is connected through the . Combustion chamber (2
) is connected to the side of the extraction port (7), and at the end of the extraction port (7) is provided a gate (9) which can be driven to open and close via a second hydraulic cylinder (8). ing.

The baffle plate +11 is attached so as to be swingable and fixed around the horizontal axis, and has two positions: a horizontal position for receiving input grains and roasting them, and a horizontal position for receiving and supporting the free end at the extraction port (7) for roasting. It is configured to change to a tilted posture for taking out grains after roasting through an eighth hydraulic cylinder (lO).

An air supply path (
12) and the fuel gas supply path are connected, and the air supply path and the fuel gas supply path each have electromagnetically operated flow rate regulating valves (14m) and (14b) that are operated in conjunction with each other. The combustion heating temperature in the combustion chamber (2) can be changed between a high temperature state and a low temperature state by adjusting the flow rate. (I is a branch path that branches and supplies air from the air supply path (I2) in order to finely adjust the temperature inside the combustion chamber (2).

In the upper part of the roasting chamber (3), there is an exhaust gas path θ9 in which an opening/closing damper (16), a dust collector t (I7), and a seven-arm vehicle are interposed.
) are connected. The blower in the exhaust gas path O@ (
18) Two dampers (20m) on the downstream side.

(20b) connects a circulation path C21) for circulating a predetermined amount of exhaust gas back into the combustion chamber (2).

O1j: At the bottom of the roasting chamber (3), there is provided a first sensor for detecting the temperature of the grain itself being roasted, and above the roasting chamber (3), there is a first sensor for detecting the temperature of the hot air. Second to do
A sensor (c) is provided.

Various types of thermocouples, thermistors, etc. can be used as the first and second sensors, respectively.

In addition, a hopper (241) connected to the input port (6),
An eighth sensor is provided for detecting that the amount of grain supplied and stored therein is equivalent to - times of roasting.

A fourth hydraulic cylinder (c) is connected to the flow rate regulating valves (14a) and (14b) for externally operating them to switch between a high temperature setting state and a low temperature setting state, and an exhaust gas path 09). In the middle of the damper, a fifth hydraulic cylinder (b) is connected in conjunction with the damper, which is driven to open and close to switch between a state in which the input grain flows and a state in which it does not flow.

The first to fifth hydraulic cylinders f41, (81,
Do).

The electromagnetically operated control valves (not shown) for each of (to) and (b) are configured to be automatically switched by the controller cAK, and the control operations are based on FIG. This will be explained in detail.

■ When the start switch is turned on, the 8th sensor (to) confirms that a predetermined amount of grain is stored in the hopper @ Shu, and then the 4th cylinder (e) is activated to raise the heating temperature to a high temperature. In addition to setting it to
Okay, operate the first cylinder (4) to transfer the grains to the roasting chamber (3).
) and at the same time, the fifth cylinder (b) is fully harvested and the exhaust gas passage (19) is opened to allow the input grain to flow, and the grain is heated at a high temperature setting for the time set by the high temperature setting timer. .

(2) As the time set by the high temperature setting timer elapses, the fourth cylinder X'lk is operated to switch the heating temperature to the low temperature setting state.

■ When it is detected that the temperature of the grain itself in the fluidized roasting state has risen above the setting, the first centimeter (2'4) is pressed to the second cylinder (8) 1 for extraction. Mouth+
71 k 1m < and operates the eighth cylinder 00) to switch the current plate ill to the inclined position for discharge, take out the grain, and complete heating.

(2) After that, the second cylinder (8) is fully operated to close the extraction port (7), and the eighth cylinder (10) is operated to switch the θL plate [11] to a horizontal position for receiving grains.

■ When the second sensor (to) detects that the hot air temperature has fallen below the set low temperature, a delay timer is activated to continue the low temperature setting for a predetermined period of time, and then the operation described in (■) above is started. &Repeat roasting of grains in predetermined amounts.

The high temperature side of the heating temperature and the set temperature for low temperature dogs, and
The grain temperature for harvesting varies depending on the type of grain to be roasted, but an example of processing sesame seeds is shown below.

High-temperature setting temperature: yzo℃ Low-temperature setting temperature 2 θθ℃ Temperature of general material for removal = 7g0℃ In the above example, the timer is used to control the heating temperature to switch from the high temperature setting to the low temperature setting. However, in the present invention, for example, the first sensor (2) is fully utilized and the above-mentioned switching is performed when the temperature of the grain itself reaches a predetermined temperature lower than the temperature at which it should be taken out.
Various modifications are possible.

Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to fluidized bed roasters, but includes, for example,
Various roasting devices can be applied, such as roasting while vibrating the oven.

In addition, in the above embodiment, the temperature of the grain itself is detected by the first sensor (2), and heating can be terminated when the temperature rises to the set temperature, and a large amount of grain can be processed in several batches. During so-called patch processing, even if the moisture content of the grain as a whole fluctuates every 7 times, a constant roasting result can always be obtained by roasting at the appropriate time, and regardless of batch processing, it is possible to achieve efficient and uniform roasting results. Although the roasting process can be performed in the present invention, the heating may be ended manually or automatically at an appropriate time.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the grain roasting method according to the present invention.
The figure is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the fluidized bed roaster, and FIG. 2 is a timing chart showing changes in hot air temperature and grain temperature.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A method for roasting grains, which is characterized in that the grains are first heat-treated at a high temperature setting, and then heated at a low temperature setting.