JPS6030629A - Silkworm culture method - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to a method for raising sericulture, specifically a method for rearing young silkworms on artificial feed and then rearing them on medium-sized or larger mulberry leaves, etc. In particular, the present invention relates to a method for raising sericulture in which young silkworms are reared on artificial feed and then reared on mulberry leaves, etc., and in particular, transition from artificial feed to mulberry rearing. The purpose is to obtain good growth and cocoon performance by minimizing the stress given to the silkworms during feeding. It is believed that this method will become even more popular in the future, as it has been praised for its economic benefits such as reduced labor and a reduction in the rate of reduction of silkworms.

Here, young silkworms are reared on artificial feed for the period of 1-co or 1-3 instars, and are raised on artificial feed (3-q instars).

The purpose is to raise silkworms (q-yurei) on mulberry leaves.

As the popularity of someme increases, new technical problems unique to raising young silkworms on artificial feed have also been pointed out. For example, one such problem is the delay in silkworm development due to stress when transitioning from artificial feed to mulberry leaf rearing. In other words, when raising young silkworms on artificial feed, the water that transpires from the feed removes heat from the silkworms, so it is carried out at -g ~ 30C, which is higher than when raising young silkworms on mulberry leaves. .

However, when silkworms that have been reared at high temperatures of 2 g to 30 C while raising young silkworms are suddenly transferred to outside temperature.

The temperature difference causes great stress to the silkworms,
This not only causes poor feeding and poor disease resistance, resulting in delayed growth, irregularities, bacterial and viral diseases, etc., but also leads to poor silkworm production (work becomes complicated and labor efficiency deteriorates). To avoid this, when transitioning to mulberry leaf rearing after the 3rd instar, keep the entire rearing room at a temperature of 16~λ7υ or higher, and gradually reduce the rearing temperature after the silkworms have eaten enough mulberry leaves and become accustomed to the environmental temperature. During the ripening stage of the silkworm stage, it is practiced to raise the silkworms at the optimum temperature of λ~-IC.

Keeping the breeding room warm for medium-sized silkworms and beyond is usually done using hot air heaters, oil stoves, charcoal briquettes, etc.

The area where silkworms are actually reared is the size of a box at 3rd instar (approximately -10,000 grains for silkworm species).
0~. t, om2 (, etc.) is not necessary, and the height of the space above the silkworm seat is sufficient if it is about l! ~ Jtffi, but considering workability and heat retention efficiency, the area should be increased by ~io times,
It insulates an area J O-/00 times in volume, and not only does the loss of energy be enormous;
In addition, there is considerable unevenness in the temperature difference between the top and bottom inside the breeding room, which poses difficulties in breeding conditions.

As a result of many years of research on keeping silkworms warm during the transition to mulberry leaf growth, the present inventors found that the method with the least energy consumption is to keep them warm using surface heating elements from the top or bottom of the silkworm bed. It has been found that good results can be obtained in silkworm rearing with less stress.

The present invention is based on this knowledge.1 The present invention provides a method for raising silkworms in which young silkworms are reared with artificial feed and middle and later silkworms are reared with mulberry leaves. This method of raising silkworms is characterized by maintaining a temperature suitable for rearing silkworms depending on their body.

The planar heating element used in the method of the present invention may be any planar heating element, but in particular, aluminum or copper may be printed or etched between two plastic films to form wiring, and then the films may be bonded together. The object is a heat generating body, and its upper and lower parts are covered with insulating materials such as glass wool, heat reflecting plates such as iron plates or aluminum plates, plastic plates containing glass wool to maintain translucency, etc. to maintain strength. It is preferable to use a surface heating element whose sides are reinforced with a wooden frame, iron frame, or plastic frame for strength. Of course, this surface heating element is equipped with a thermostat, temperature fuse, etc. to prevent overheating, and is waterproofed. It is appropriate to apply

The above-mentioned surface heating body generates heat according to its electrical resistance value when energized once, but the surface temperature can not only be adjusted by the resistance value (but also the surface temperature distribution can be freely set by devising the wiring diagram). The surface temperature distribution of the surface heating body is extremely accurate as ±0.1~/OC. There are two methods: placing it on the top of the Serpent constellation.

The method of placing a surface heating element under the silkworm bed is to construct the entire silkworm bed on top of the surface heating element and raise the silkworms directly in the soil of one heating element, or to place the silkworm paper on top of the one heating element. This is a method of installing seven or more of the materials that make up the silkworm bed, such as dry-proof paper and pillow sheets, which are normally used for mulberry leaf cultivation. You can also use a vinyl sheet or dryproof paper with a space of σ (by leaving the hem of these coverings slightly open or punching a hole in the top).

Heat retention, moisturizing effects, and ventilation can be achieved at the same time.0 The method of placing a surface heating element on the top of the silkworm bed is a method that supplies heat to the silkworms on the silkworm bed from the top. This can be done by adjusting the distance between the top surface of the chestnut and the surface heating element. According to this method, no matter how thick the silkworm bed becomes due to the feeding of mulberry leaves, the distance between the top surface of the chestnut and the surface heating element can be adjusted. By adjusting the temperature, the silkworms on the soil surface of the silkworm bed can be kept uniformly warm at all times.Also, by using a transparent plastic plate as the covering material for the heating element, the entire heating element can be made transparent. The structure allows for free control of light beams, which is important for the growth of silkworms.In order to prevent heat escaping above the surface heating element, the silkworm seat and surface heating element are covered with vinyl sheets,
By covering it with dry-proof paper and leaving the hem slightly open.

In the present invention, the surface temperature of the surface heating element is set to prevent heat dissipation and to provide sufficient ventilation.

It depends on the current season of silkworms, the amount of mulberry supply, and the moisture content of the mulberry, but you can! ~lO
It is desirable to set the surface temperature to C when the outside temperature is low or when the amount of mulberry supplied is large (when the mulberry bed is thick, or when using wet mulberry). If it is warm and high,
It is desirable to set it low.

The area of the surface heating element is equivalent to that for the 3rd instar period i, 6~-
tm2. It is preferable that the distance is from 93.0m2 to 0m2 for the age period.

Also, the calorific value per area is JO~/00 W/m2
It is preferable that the structure is switchable depending on changes in the external environment, differences in the amount of mulberry supplied, differences in heating method, etc.

According to the method of the present invention, it is possible to minimize stress when transitioning from young silkworm artificial feed apron to medium-growth silkworm mulberry rearing,
Not only is the breeding result such as the silkworm reduction rate and the amount of cocoons harvested good (the method of the present invention has extremely low energy consumption and is highly economical compared to conventional methods. At the time of weight-bearing, placing the weight-bearing silkworms on top of the surface heating element promotes dehumidification of the silkworm bed, and has the advantage of achieving uniform lifting in a short time.The Himi and Akira methods also have the advantage of Education
It can be used not only for the use of ＼, but also for the artificial feed rearing of medium-sized silkworms.

Hereinafter, the method of the present invention will be specifically explained with reference to Examples.

Example 1 Showa! Ol-λ, which underwent the following tests during the spring silkworm season of 7th year.
Silkworms raised at a temperature of 29 C were divided into 6 sections each containing 300 silkworms, and 3 sections each were raised in medium-sized breeding rooms A and B.
Order! Rei performed a ceremony at the silkworm room.

Rooms A and B are both 5 tsubo in size, and three breeding shelves are installed: the bottom shelf at 1 OCm from the floor, the middle tier at 1 go cm, and the upper tier at /'t OCm.

In Room A, they were reared using a surface heating element (Himi Akira Ward), and in Room B, they were raised using an oil stove for sericulture (control room). The names of the test plots are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 Names of test plots Room A (Himi Akira Ward) Room B (Control Section) Area using surface heating elements Area using kerosene stove for sericulture Upper A-
/B-i Middle row A-J B-λ Lower row A-, 7B-3 The heating body of the surface heating element used in room A has a thickness of 0. The aluminum wiring is printed between two sheets of polyethylene film with a thickness of /j using the etching method, and the top and bottom surfaces are covered with transparent plastic plates containing glass wool with a thickness of /m/m. +, 100W/m
high temperature with a heating value of 2 and medium temperature of 40 W/m2,
The low temperature of JOW/m2 could be adjusted using a switch.

In addition, the method of using the above-mentioned surface heating element in room A is to keep warm from above the silkworm bed, and at night, it is set to a high temperature mainly, and the silkworm bed is covered with dry-proof paper, and when the external temperature is high during the day, it is set to a high temperature, Set it to medium heat. The indoor temperature in room A was the highest, C1, and the lowest 11C, while in room B, when the kerosene stove for sericulture λ group was burned day and night, the indoor temperature was up to 300,
It was the lowest λJC. The average temperature on the shelf where the silkworms were reared in room B is -gC1 middle 27C1 bottom is =IC
Met.

The results of the test are shown in Table 2 (and the silkworms in the rearing area according to the present invention grew quickly), had good cocoon yield and performance, and no difference in results was observed depending on the rearing rack. .

Example 2 Showa! The following tests were conducted in the late autumn of the second year.

Using the surface heating element and breeding room used in Example 1,
The allocation of test plots was also the same as in Example 1.

One way to use the surface heating element in room A is to supply heat from the top of the silkworm bed.A surface heating element with legs that can be raised and lowered is placed above the silkworm bed, and at night, it is heated from the top of the mulberry that has been fed. J-Cnl
During the daytime, the temperature was adjusted to i6 to λocm. The changeover switch for the surface heating element was used at a high temperature.

The population was adjusted to -000 cows in 1 section, and whole shoots were grown from the 3rd instar. A
Although the indoor temperature of the room was a maximum of 32C1 and a minimum of λC, the temperature above the worm bed was able to be maintained within the required temperature range for each season.

On the other hand, in Room B, which uses an oil stove for sericulture, the maximum
30. It was the lowest λIC.

The results of the test are shown in Table 3 (the results of the breeding area according to the present invention were good, and no difference was observed depending on the breeding rack).

Claims (1)

[Claims] In the sericulture method in which young silkworms are reared on artificial feed and medium-sized and older silkworms are reared on mulberry leaves, the temperature suitable for rearing the silkworms is maintained using a surface heating element from the upper or lower surface of the rearing seat of the medium-sized and later silkworms. Characteristic sericulture method.