JPS6027639A - Sagging fireproofing endothermic sheet substance - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to the field of fire protection materials.

More particularly, the present invention relates to fire barrier materials effective in protecting electrical systems during fires.

Especially in large buildings and facilities such as power plants, fire protection is very demanding in areas where equipment, communications, and power transmission lines and cables are highly concentrated. Such wires and cables are constructed with electrically insulating sheathing that is flammable and can create a narrow path through which a fire can spread. For example, is it used to maintain control equipment in aircraft or factories? Fire protection for such wires and cables is critical where 11° power delivery is required.

Intumescent sheet for fire protection is U.S. Patent No. 4,273,879
This is disclosed in the specification of the No. These specialty sheets contain significant amounts of organic materials (binders and char-forming resins). During combustion, these substances can cause an exothermic reaction that increases the temperature of the fire.

There are other fire retardant materials that are layered to retard the spread of fire and heat by an endothermic reaction and can be manufactured in sheet form. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 4,315, which discloses neoprene foam containing hydric alumina.
Please refer to the specification of No. 075.

64 for alumina trihydrate (A1203.3H,,O)
．． There are 6 sections of combined water. This water begins to be liberated at about 230'C and dehydration is complete at about 600C. It is known that in compositions containing alumina trihydrate as a component, this endothermic dehydration has a cooling effect. Released water vapor is also present during the fire. Dilute potentially flammable scum,
Helps prevent combustion. At Plastisoku Industries, alumina trihydrate (ATH) is a well-known fire protection agent.

Inorganic materials in the form of fiber blankets have been used to protect conduit and cable trays. Such fiber blankets are manufactured from aluminosilicate glass and manufactured by Babcock & Wilcox.
& Wilcox Company under the trademark Kaowo'ol. For one hour fire protection, wrap the cable tray around the cable tray in an aluminosilicate fiber blanket, usually at least 2 inches thick. This blanket insulation has a low thermal conductivity and therefore does not provide isolation from the effects of fire, nor does it dissipate heat from the conduit that would be generated by the electrical current carried through the electrical cable under normal conditions. Cables in trays or conduits should be derated because the dissipation of heat generated by conduction due to line resistance is thus prevented through V. That is, the amount of current they are rated to carry (ampere capacity) necessarily decreases.

It would be desirable to provide a composition that provides good fire protection for cable trays and conduits with minimal reduction in the amperage capacity rating of the electrical cables therein.

The present invention can be summarized as follows: (al inorganic fiber, (b) organic JjLM coalescing binder, and (C) about 10
Comprised of an endothermic inorganic filler that undergoes an endothermic reaction between 0°C and 600°C, the weight ratio of organic to inorganic components is approximately 0.1.
less than 5 (preferably less than 0.08),
and the weight ratio of the endothermic inorganic filler of component (C) to the inorganic fiber of component (2) is within the range of about 0.5 to 5.0. , is a flexible substance.

The present invention provides a composition that minimizes the organic content of the fuel source while still maintaining the requisite strength and physical integrity required by fire protection applications. In the present invention, the low ratio of organic binder to inorganic material maximizes the utilization of the inorganic heat absorption and cooling vapor maintenance mode (i.e., the maintenance of water vapor released in the interstices of the inorganic fibers). This low ratio minimizes the amount of fuel involved in any fire and therefore minimizes smoke and noxious gases from combustion.

This new endothermic material is conveniently in sheet form. Although the content of organic binder is very low, the density of the sheet is relatively high, e.g.
From 0.1 g/cC for the Quif 0 method (1,39
/QC to r (by comparison, 0.7 [Jg/cC to 1
．． It was found that it was maintained at 0 g;/cc-j.

A denser sheet increases the thermal conductivity ∆ and is therefore advantageous for the cable as it dissipates heat better during normal use.

Furthermore, sheets according to the invention provide tighter packaging to preserve items such as cables, couple trays, and conduits which are of critical importance in space-confined areas such as airframe structures.

The inorganic η in the composition of the present invention is
-1 There are many groups! ! Destination containing substances 1-”
It is believed that it exhibits better knee zinc properties than other technologically developed fire barrier materials.

These new compositions do not rely on inorganic binders (such as clay, colloidal silica, or cementitious materials) and are also suitable for thermal insulation applications in fibrous matrices.
Does not exist. They depend on the fiber pores) (and O-mechanical entanglement, and the flexibility of the one-piece tp(ty) continues,
Moreover, the effective ratio of endothermic powder to fiber can be made very high.

Inorganic fibers are selected from materials that can withstand very high temperatures without significant changes in physical properties, such as refractory alumino-silicate fibers.

The sheets of the present invention are preferably made using standard papermaking techniques, either by hand or by machine, on a fourdrinier or cylinder type paper machine.

The inorganic fibers used in the fireproof material of the present invention have high strength,
It is a refractory material that has both good heat resistance and the ability to maintain relatively high levels of dense endothermic filler. Examples of useful inorganic fibers include graphite, silica, aluminum silica, calcium oxide, asbestos, and glass fibers. Alumino-silicon ophthalmic salt (J-fiber is preferred, and is available under the trade name Fiberfrax, sold by Oarborundum Oompa, NY).
) to 8 = 26 LI O%Manv
Trademark name Rough Eyeber (Oerafiber) sold by Ille Corporation, and Babconk.

You can purchase commercially available products under the trade name Kao Wool Inn, manufactured by & Wilcox. The diameter of the fiber is usually 6μm
A larger fiber diameter, preferably 6 μm, results in a material with fewer fibers for a given amount, resulting in a notebook with poorer tensile strength, and which is typically used in paper machines. It becomes more difficult to process. The physical properties of the preferred inorganic fiber (Noah 1 Bar Franks) are as follows: continuous use limit: 1260; C1 bath melting point: 179 (
J'C1 standard filling 96-192 kg/m3,
Up to fiber length 102, specific gravity 2.73. and fiber strength of 2.76×10 /2°.The amount of the organic binder is preferably from 2% by weight to 6% by weight, more preferably about 5% by weight. Suitable binders include various polymers and elastomers in the form of lanoxes, such as natural rubber latex, styrene-butadiene latex, butadiene-acrylonitrile latex, and polymers and copolymers of acrylates and methacrylates (such as polymethyl acrylate, polymethyl acrylate, etc.). latexes of ethyl acrylate and polymethyl methacrylate). It is preferred to use polymers that do not contain any halogens to avoid decomposition and release of harmful corrosive halogen gases during a fire. Acrylic yarn polymers are preferred because they have excellent heat resistance and aging properties, and combustion products are non-corrosive.

1) The % thermal inorganic filler raw material is preferably a powder with an average particle size of less than about 60 prrL, even more preferably less than about 8 pm. Larger filler particles tend to separate the inorganic fibers during processing;
This results in a sheet with low tensile strength. Endothermic filler versus inorganic fiber lotus.

Preferably, the tVi:ratio ranges from about 1.5 to 5.0.

Typical fillers should be hydrated metal oxides and hydrated borates; the filler should be chemically inert and relatively insoluble in water; Not. Alumina trihydrate, magnesium hydroxide (water magnesia), and zinc borate have these properties. Alumina trihydrate is preferred. The preferred particle diameter of the filler is 1, about 8 .mu.m. As the particle size decreases further, it can adversely affect the dewatering of the slurry during manufacturing. The use of larger particles (greater than 60 μm) can reduce the tensile strength of the sheet. There is.

The flexible fibrous endothermic material of the present invention (1) is made by mixing the ingredients with water to form a slurry.

Agglomerate the latex. The resulting floc iTh+Tu
ft IT~ flows to the box at the top, and from here Fourdrinier paper 3~
leading to the trigger screen of the machine. Dehydrated flock t”
1. The water drains easily, and the inorganic fibers are mechanically connected and bound together by a polymer binder, and the endothermic photonic agent is Delicate, close the gap between. e" for thick sheets.

The thicker the flocs and the larger the cracks, the better, allowing for good drainage necessary for treatment. The sheet as it comes out of the Fourdrinier papermaking machine is calendered (1) to increase the density IJj, and then dried by passing it through a heated drying roll.

Another embodiment of the invention includes the addition in the backing to the sheet as previously described. A suitable backing material is approximately 0.08 m thick, coated with pressure-sensitive adhesive on one side.
m aluminum foil. The backing is attached to the fireproof sheet using adhesive. With such a backing, the strength of sheet material that has to be bent around sharp corners or small radii can be increased to a certain extent.

Fibrous sheet company of the present invention, ceramic fiber cord,
Wrapping finely woven wire mesh or other high temperature resistant material can provide adequate retention around conduits and cable trays. It is preferred to confine the sheet by wrapping and hold it tightly around the cable it is intended to protect, especially when exposed to open flame. A suitable ceramic fiber cord is U.S. Code No. 3,709,7.
Suitable cords, which can be purchased commercially, include: Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co., Ltd., sold under the trade name Newtel;
This is a brand name ceramic fiber cord manufactured by Manufacturing Company.

The invention will become clearer by considering one embodiment, which is intended to be purely exemplary.

In these Examples, two ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) tests were used to determine the non-inventive material values. A
The STM test D5286-76 measures the total calorific value of an isothermal jacket cylinder. The purpose of this test is to determine the extent to which a fire barrier material actually contributes to a fire as a fuel. ASTM Exam E
119-78 is a sign (fire test) regarding buildings and construction trade.

Example 1 An alumino-silicate fiber 122 bond ( 55,31 (g) to 1 part water
000 gallons (37851) and stirred the mixture for 6 minutes to produce a slurry.

This slurry was pumped into a 200 U gallon (75701) storage vessel and diluted by adding 265 gallons (10001) of water.
Rhoplex
) Can be purchased as HA-8 latex, II.1
Acrylic thread latex 56 containing approximately 46% by weight of carvings
lb (24 kg), and Great Lakes Minerals (j
Alumina trihydrate of very coarse and coarse grain size, which can be purchased from Amazon.com, was added to the fiber slurry.

1st Aluminum sample used, subdivided by particle size 12345 Average particle dust of fraction: 4prrL28.6 44.5 66.7 99.8
155.1pm 45μm Total amount used (kg) 28.6 44.5 66.7 9
9.8 155.1 trihydrate (unit: ky) 6 7 8 9 10 44.5 66.7 99.8 155.1 155.1 55.3 8B, 4 99.8 99°8 155°1 199.6 155.1 15
5.1 Next, agglomerate the latex approx. 4.7 and 5.1
a dilute aqueous solution of alum (approximately 25 wt.
was added to the latex-fiber-ATH slurry with stirring. The latex-fiber-ATII slurry is then pumped at a controlled rate to a mixing tank where a flocculant, in dilute solution, is added to maintain the particles and facilitate drainage. Polyelectrolyte was added in approximately 50 me 7 minutes.

Suitable polymer m; solute is 0.2% solution (slurry 50
Polyelectrolyte solution 5 per gallon or 1894
Venocam Lapratry Co., Ltd. (1 ml)
Beckamn Lrab Orall, Ory Engineering nc,
) sold by Bufloc 170, and Lufloc sold by Rohm & Hahn.
ax) I want to use 295 cationic polymer electrolysis yt.

The slurry flowed from the mixing tank to the top box and to the wire screen of the fourdrinier machine to form a bonded sheet up to 66 mm wide. The sheet is dehydrated using a fourdrinier paper machine to reduce the water content to about 50% by weight, and then calendered with a force of about 0.06 N to further dehydrate the sheet.
, and the sheet's 'J11 degree was increased. The wet sheet is dried by passing it through heated drying rolls, reducing the moisture content to about 3%.
decreased to less than Next, I rolled this into a roll. By varying various processing parameters (the speed at which the sheet was transported through the paper machine and the force used for calendering),
Sheet products of varying thickness and density can be produced. The final compositions of samples 1 to 10 are shown in Table 2.

To test as a control for the experimental samples of the present invention:
Samples of various known fire protection materials were used, some of which could be used in commercial form. Others were formulated based on related patent specifications. Those that were not in sheet form were in mastic or putty form,
These were either troweled or compressed into sheet form for comparative purposes. Control samples are shown in Table 6.

Table 6 Type of pair '#JJJq: Expandable insulation Expandable char
Expandable sheet Produced sheet Mastic specification Specification FST-601 Composition (weight percentage) - Acrylic resin 7.0 - - Alumina norica fiber 64.0 - Unexpanded vermiculite 59.0 - Polychlorobutylene 26.4 - Aluminum pumi hydrate - glass fiber - - asbestos fiber - bentonite clay monosthorium silicate 52.5 - dioctyl phthalate 8.2 - phenolic resin 5.5 - inorganic filler 8.7 - vulcanization Agent 1.7 Density IJ'fl/cC)" U, 62 1.5 U, 74
1 Commercial product and 0 product y4 of unknown composition were all dried to a moisture content of less than 6% by weight.

Teru Test C4C3C6C7 Endothermic Endothermic Endothermic Heat Insulating Brush - Thomas Mastic Nkesoto U.S. Patent No. U.S. Patent No. Babcock 4.31
No. 5,075 4.25 Issue 18 4.255,318
No. & Will Specification Liu Specification Example 1 Specification Example 5 Cox Kao Wool 00 13.9 23.3 21.2 79.5 69.7 63.8 7.0 6.4 2.2 6.4 - 5.8 - 0.8 - 1.45 1.0 1. OLl, 13 A8TM test D3286 was used to calculate the values for the inventive samples 1 to 10\1: and the control samples C1 to 06. The total calorific value of various materials is shown in Table 4 below.

Table 4 Total calorific value measured by ASTM D3286 1 2790
C12,080 22560C211,160 32410C35,580 41280c 4 6. U 5 C 91190C56,050 10580065,580 In the comparison tests listed in Table 4, the calorific value of the anti-active substance was lower than that of the composition of the present invention in all cases except for case I. This shows that it is significantly larger. ``The reason why these values are large is that there are a large number of graves stolen and counterfeited.

It is preferred to select compositions of the present invention that have a heat content of no more than about 24 UtJJ/g, and more preferably less than about 2000 JJ/g.

Example 2: Integrity and flexibility of the sheet system of the present invention! In order to maintain resistant properties during the coating or packaging operation, several much thinner layers are applied separately to bring the total to the required thickness. Gold plated on one side of the valley of such a layer (thickness υ, 08 t
nm) to form a flexible yet strong sheet that can be conveniently joined together using metal foil tape at the edges of adjacent sheets of packaging covering. 11r is preferable. The finish of high temperature ceramic fiber cord (alumina borosilicate fiber such as Netastel 415 cord) or stainless steel wire, maintained at a spacing of approximately 20 Crn or in a helical fashion, wraps around the perimeter of the fireproof sheet. Wrap it around 114I'
Under fire conditions, it is possible to reliably maintain complete coverage and prevent the fireproof sheet from rolling back.

A fire test with As1Mg119-78 was carried out using a 2.5 cmIn diameter conduit and tLl, 2
A sample of c′m×30.5cIn cable tray was tested.

The structure of the sheet material used is: (a, number of layers, (b) total thickness, and (0) weight,
It was determined. In a preferred method, the coverage of fireproof sheeting material per linear distance encompassing the conduit or cable tray is measured to the nearest 9/m. Using natural gas or propane gas as fuel, the heating rate inside the furnace is controlled by AsTug.
The test samples were heated inside a furnace matched to 119-78. The length of the hot zone of the chamber for the conduit test and cable tray test was 61 cm and 245 cm, respectively. Samples were compared using the time required for the surface temperature of the conduit and cable tray within the fireproof sheet sheathing to reach 315"C. 615"C is the time required for the electrical cable to deteriorate and short out in many cases. This comparison is shown in Table 5 below.

These flame tests show that the sheet compositions of the present invention have a substantially longer flame exposure time than known materials. It should be pointed out that the putties or mastics of comparative sample numbers C3, C5 and C6 could only be applied to a uniform thickness. Adhesion to conduit and cable tray surfaces was also a problem, so these materials could not be tested in this manner. A flame test was conducted on only sheet material 11.

In the case of expandable sorted materials of Risho Test II (!1 and (J2), special attention was required to Proposition 1 on the packaging outline. For expanded fire protection materials, the circumference around the conduit should be or create radial cracks at the bends of the cable tray, which expose the metal surface directly to heat.For volunteer testing, the outer enclosure may be lined with wire mesh.
Loose packaging, either eye-shaped or tit-corrugated, was used to limit any expansion of the material and to control such cracking. Many details about intumescent fire-retardant sheets wrapped around conduits can be found in U.S. Patent Application No. 501.887, filed June 7, 1 Solo. The sheets of the invention remained tightly and neatly rolled in the conduit or cable tray. There was no substantial physical change in the volume of the sheets of the present invention during exposure to heat, compared to expandable materials that undergo significant volume expansion during exposure to heat.

Example 6 Materials of the invention and controls in putty or mastic form were subjected to the following flame test. Test piece i 1;'I
It was cut into a rectangle of 26 crn x 28 cm, and was tightly attached to one side of a metal sheet with a thickness of 0.6 cm. The weight and thickness of the specimen were recorded. A thermocouple was attached to the center surface of the metal sheet to measure the temperature of the cloth surface on the low temperature side.+,1.
Exhaust gas simulator (Maremon +;
The source of the flame generated by the company (sales)
A test sheet was attached perpendicularly to the center of the surface. Slightly low temperature IIQ
The rate of temperature rise of I was recorded. The results obtained are shown in Table 6 below.

Table 6 ufiM of test piece: (kg) U, 54 U, 59 0
．． 77 Test piece thickness) 11.0 10.2 11
．． 4 start 23 23 23 5 87 99 114 10 133 123 167 15 163 213 198 20 177 262 207 25 182 279 208 30 182 290 226 35 183 298 228 40 '183 609 238 45 183 245 50 182 256 55 183 - 60 186 one The sheet samples of the present invention maintained much lower temperatures for significantly longer periods of time than any of the control sample mastics.

Example 4 A study was conducted on the amperage capacity h1 of an electrical conduit protected by a fire barrier. The fire barrier materials used in this study included a commercially available intumescent cloak (Control 1') consisting of the material of the present invention, an acrylic resin, alumina-silica fibers, and unexpanded vermiculite. 01),
and Cao Wool Silanquent, which can be purchased from Babcock and Wilcox. The length of the inflatable cloak is t1457 for the first layer
Me, the second layer is 572mm, and the third layer is t.
, 1.665 order. The length of the cloak of the present invention is 694'rm for the first layer and 44'rm for the second 1-4
5, and the third layer was 500 mrv. The length of Kao wool plankent used was 61 (L+m) for the first layer and 749 mm for the second layer.A Kao wool blanket was used to provide at least 76 mvt tk-ne around the conduit. For these tests, black electrical vinyl
Tape, Scotch (5cotch) 33 Tape was wrapped spirally around the outside of the test specimen, leaving only the black surface, slightly increasing the surface emissivity at test h3.

The length of the packaging conduit used in the 11 tests was in each case approximately 2
．． It was 45 nt.

All the factors of the ampere capacity rating (f, P, Ir) were summed η4 for the case of a bare conductor with a flat surface. The equation used is percentage derating - (1 - (T, /T,)'1x100, where 'r1 is the temperature of the conductive wood that rises above the ambient temperature in the case of bare conduit, and T2 is the temperature of the conductor (1) that rises above the ambient temperature for fire protection conduits.

Tested conduits were suoM, au6ou bolt XLPff
Built-in four insulated copper cables, 4 inch inner diameter (
The strength of each firewall layer was approximately 5 mm for the sheet of the present invention, approximately 5 mm for the inflatable cloak, and 4 U steel. For Silankent, it was about 25 minutes. The temperature of the conductor was measured on bare steel at 190 amps, 300 amps and 400 amps and was 39.7°C, respectively.
, 61.2°C and 85.1°C, and for the steel conduit covered with black tape, K at the same current, respectively.
They were 37.1°C, 54.2°C and 76.2°C. Ambient temperatures during these tests ranged between approximately 22°C and 26°C. The results are shown in Table 7 below.

Comparison of samples with the same number of fire barrier layers shows that the amperage capacity derating required with the material of the present invention is significantly less than that required with either Kaowool Plunket or intumescent mat materials. ing.

The air gap between the fire barrier and the conduit (see check after Table 5) required for eye-shaped or corrugated loose packaging for inflatable cloaks is amperage capacity. considered to be detrimental to the rating of

Even the inventive sample with three fire barrier layers is advantageous compared to the control material with only two layers. in this way,
The current carrying capacity of the cables in the conduit ITl: is not significantly affected as a result of adequate fire protection.

Additionally, adding black tape to the outside will help reduce the percentage derating of the ampere capacity.

Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the vortex industry.
Unknown+1 (IIψ(The specification and practice of the present invention disclosed in
This should be clear from example A. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various omissions and changes may be made to the features set forth herein without departing from the true scope and spirit of the invention. and changes can be made.

Agent Asamura Hako

Claims (1)

Scope of Claims: (1a) a refractory inorganic fiber; (b) an organic polymer binder; and (C) an endothermic inorganic filler that undergoes an endothermic reaction between about 100°C and 600°C; The weight ratio of organic components to inorganic components is approximately 0.1.
5, and the weight ratio of the endothermic inorganic filler of component (c) to the inorganic fiber of component (a) is about 0.5 to 5.
．． An endothermic, flexible, fibrous sheet material made of a composition characterized in that it is within the range of 0 to 0. (2) The fibrous sheet material according to item (0) above, characterized in that the endothermic inorganic filler of component (c) is selected from the group consisting of alumina trihydrate and magnesium hydroxide. ) The inorganic fiber of component (a) is mixed with silica, alumino-
Fibrous sheet material according to item (2) above, characterized in that it is selected from the group consisting of silicates, asbestos and glass fibers.