JPS60256718A - Heating apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To increase the thermal efficiency of a heating apparatus, by decreasing the rate of heat radiated to the outside, by positioning an object body to be heated facing to the open side of a reticular body. CONSTITUTION:Sufficiently mixed gas is fed into a combustion chamber H and is burned, and the gas moves toward a heating surface 23 being rectified by a heat-resistant element 21. The reticular body 20 is heated by combustion, radiating solid radiation heat C. The solid radiation heat C heats the heat-resistant element 21 around it, but after all it is radiated to the outside from a heating surface 23. An object 2 to be heated can be positioned closely to the heating surface 23 without being obstructed, so that it can be heated quickly by direct contact to the combustion gas (B) coming out of a heating surface 23. With such an arrangement, the rate of heat radiated to the outside can be decreased, and the thermal efficiency of a heating apparatus can be increased.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a heating device for heating objects such as steel materials.

[Conventional technology]

Examples of conventional heating devices include those shown in FIGS. 6 to II.

That is, FIG. 6 shows an apparatus in which an object 2 is placed in a furnace 1 and combustion flame 4 is injected from a burner 3 to heat the object 2. However, according to this device, even when the object 2 has a portion 2a that should be heated and a portion 2b that should not be heated, the unnecessary portion 2b is also heated, which increases fuel consumption. There is a problem.

FIG. 7 shows that by arranging a large number of small-capacity gas burners 5 near the object 2 and forming a group of small combustion flames 4,
This device heats the object 2 by radiating the radiant heat A of the combustion flame 4 onto the object 2, and also by bringing the tip of the combustion flame 4 or the combustion gas B into direct contact with the object 2. However, according to this device, the heat transfer by radiant heat is only by gas radiation, and the heat transfer by solid radiant heat is not performed. However, since the gas radiant heat Aa is radiated to the outside from this distance l, there is a problem that the combustion efficiency is low.

In FIG. 8, a large number of small-capacity gas burners 5 having combustion chambers 6 are arranged at a distance from an object 2 to form a group of small combustion flames 4, and the gas radiant heat A of the combustion flames 4 is transferred to the object 2. At the same time, the combustion flame 4 contacts the wall surface 7 of the combustion chamber 6 and heats it, thereby heating the wall surface 7.
This is a device that radiates solid radiant heat C from the wall surface 7 with a height of 2B6 (Hf, f) and heats the object 2 by this as well.

However, according to this device, solid radiant heat C is radiated only from the wall surface 7 around the combustion flame 4, which is still insufficient for heating the object 2. In addition, each combustion chamber 6
Since the downwardly facing plane 8 existing between the combustion chambers 6 and 6 has a lower temperature than the wall surface 7 of the combustion chamber 6, the radiation of solid radiant heat is weak. When such a heating device is observed from the object 2, the wall surface 7 from which a large amount of radiant heat can be obtained and the flat surface 8 which cannot receive large amounts of radiant heat are directed toward the object 2, and the radiant heat is not uniform. Therefore, by separating the object 2 from the plane 8 by a distance m, the radiant heat is spread, and the object 2 is heated uniformly.

Therefore, the tip of the combustion flame 4 or the combustion gas cannot come into contact with the object 2, or even if it does, it will be a weak contact, and furthermore, there is a problem that a lot of radiant heat is radiated to the outside. is alive.

Figure 9 shows a heating device used in a heating stove. In this heating device, fuel gas D passes through a pipe 9 and is ejected at its tip, and at this time, air E near the tip of the tube 9 is sucked in due to the ejector effect, and this is mixed with combustion gas to form a mixed gas J. It is supplied to the inside of the combustion surface 14 and ejected to the outside from the small holes 15 of the combustion surface 14, where it forms a combustion flame 4 and burns. The combustion gases rise along the combustion surface 14 and mix with room air, raising the room temperature. Further, the combustion surface 14 is heated by the combustion flame 4 and radiates solid radiant heat. Furthermore, a part of the combustion gas B is separated from the combustion surface 14 and the wire mesh 13
The wire mesh 13 is heated by the combustion gas B and radiates solid radiant heat.

However, in this prior art, the wire mesh 13 is heated only by the combustion gas that has finished burning, so the radiant heat of the wire mesh 13 is not high. The main function of this wire mesh 13 is to prevent the combustion flame 4 on the combustion surface 14 from partially misfiring! It is made up of a single layer of mesh and is flat.

For this reason, the mesh of the wire mesh 13 is made wide so as not to prevent the solid radiant heat from the combustion surface 14 or the powerful radiant heat from the combustion flame 4 from radiating to the outside, where the amount of solid radiant heat is small.

Thus, this prior art has the problem that the amount of solid-state radiant heat is insufficient for a heating device that requires high heat, even if it is a heating device for room heating.

FIG. 10 shows a heating device in which a mesh object IO is provided at the combustion gas outlet of the furnace 1, and this
is made to pass through the net-like object IO while heating it. The heated net-like object 10 radiates solid radiant heat,
A part of it is radiated toward the object 2 inside the furnace 1 . However, the temperature of the net-like object 10 is usually several hundred degrees lower than the temperature of the combustion flame 4 and the surrounding inner wall of the furnace 1.
Therefore, the net-like object 10 hardly contributes to the heat increase of the object 2. This is because the main purpose of the net-like object 10 is to reduce the temperature of the combustion gas B discharged outside the furnace 1, and the net-like object 10 has a function as a kind of heat insulating material.

Therefore, this device allows the reticular object 10 to be removed by the burning gas.
Since this method does not heat the object 2 but directly heats the object 2 with the combustion flame 4, it also has the same problems as the prior art shown in FIG.

In addition, in FIG. 10, a support plate 16 is placed below the object 2, and combustion flame 4 is injected between them, but the solid radiant heat is only radiated from the surface of the support plate 16, and it is not uniform. −
Another problem is that it is difficult to obtain high-temperature radiant heat.

Therefore, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 58-214779 proposes a burner for use in a sintering ignition furnace having a structure as shown in FIG.

In this burner, the combustion chamber 6 is formed into a plurality of elongated tubes having a honeycomb structure as shown in FIG. 11(2).

The feature of this burner is that the combustion gas B passes through the tubular combustion chamber 6 and comes into sufficient contact with the wall surface 7 of the combustion chamber 6, thereby increasing the temperature of the wall surface 7 and making the wall surface 7 a solid radiant surface. 8, and its area is larger than that of the wall surface 7 of the combustion chamber 6 of the burner shown in FIG.

However, the principle of this burner is almost the same as that shown in FIG. 8, and when heating the object 2 as shown in FIG. Solid radiation from other combustion chambers to object 2! ! )C is
This is only a small part of the combustion chamber near the combustion gas outlet (lower part in this figure). Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 11 (4), any point Q on the wall surface 7 of the combustion chamber 6 provides solid radiant heat to the object 2 only in the part directly below the combustion chamber. , since the radiation angle θ from the wall surface is large, the intensity of radiant heat is small. Furthermore, in order for the radiant heat having a small radiation angle θ from point Qa at the back of the combustion chamber to be radiated outside the combustion chamber, the combustion chamber must be turned over many times.

As is clear from the above, although the present burner has a large solid-state radiation surface, only a portion of it is effectively utilized for the object to be heated. Furthermore, the radiant heat from the walls of each combustion chamber of this burner predominantly heats the area directly below the combustion chamber.
When this burner is in use, if the combustion chamber becomes clogged with dust or unburned soot, and the amount of gas flowing through the combustion chamber becomes uneven, the temperature of the heated object will also rise unevenly. There are drawbacks.

[Purpose of the invention]

This invention was made by focusing on the problems of the prior art, and its purpose is to suppress the leakage of radiant heat to the outside.
lI+] The purpose is to improve the combustion efficiency of fuel, and the purpose is to uniformly heat the heated portion of the object to be heated.

[Structure of the invention]

<Means for Solving the Problems> The present invention provides a heating device with a three-dimensional net-like object made of a heat-resistant material, and a communication space formed between the heat-resistant material of the net-like object and communicating vertically and horizontally. The above-mentioned problem is solved by: a combustion chamber, a fuel supply port facing the combustion chamber, and a heating surface formed by opening at least a part of the outer surface of the net-like object.

Here, "communicating vertically and horizontally" in the communication space forming the combustion chamber means communicating in multiple directions including not only vertically and horizontally, but also vertically and diagonally.

<Operation> The fuel supplied from the fuel supply port is combusted in the combustion chamber formed by the communication space within the net-like object.

In the combustion chamber, as the fuel immediately after being supplied moves toward the open heating surface, it repeats branching and merging by the network-like heat-resistant material 2, during which time it is mixed with air. By repeating this branching and merging, the fuel and air are sufficiently mixed and rectified to form an overall uniform flow toward the heating surface.

When the fuel flows to the position within the net-like object, the fuel mixed with air burns, heating the heat-resistant material to a high temperature and radiating solid radiant heat. The solid radiant heat radiates to the surrounding heat-resistant materials and heats each other, but is radiated to the outside from the heating surface, which is the open surface of the net-like object.

Since the heat-resistant material is present throughout the combustion chamber, it is in good contact with the combustion flame and combustion gas, and therefore, the high degree of thermal energy possessed by these materials can be efficiently converted into solid radiant heat. Moreover, this means that uniform solid-state radiant heat can be radiated in the direction of the heating surface when viewed from the open surface. In addition to the solid radiant heat, the combustion flame between the heat-resistant materials and the gas radiant heat of the combustion gas are also uniformly radiated outward from the heating surface.

Therefore, by placing an object facing the open surface of the net-like object, any point on the object's surface can receive solid radiant heat and gas radiant heat from a large number of points over a wide range throughout the combustion chamber of the net-like object. It turns out. This means that the object is heated quickly and uniformly from the heating surface. Therefore, the object can approach the open surface without being prevented from being heated quickly and uniformly, so the object can be heated by coming into direct contact with the combustion gas irradiated from the heating surface. I can accept it.

Furthermore, by reducing the distance between the heating surface and the object, it is also possible to reduce the amount of radiant heat radiated to the outside from there, which improves thermal efficiency by 1 degree.

<Example> The present invention will be explained in detail below.

FIG. 1.2 is a diagram showing the first embodiment, in which 20 is a net-like object. This net-like object 20 is made of a heat-resistant material 21, and is sufficiently thick compared to its length and width.

The heat-resistant material 21 has a three-dimensional shape and has a communicating space between the heat-resistant materials 21.

As the material of the heat-resistant material 21, ceramic is used here, and the net-like object 20 is constituted by a porous body thereof (manufactured by Brideston Co., Ltd., trade name: "Ceramic Foam J").

Three sides of the heat-resistant material 2] are covered with a refractory material 22, and the other side is left open to serve as a heating surface 23. Fireproof material 2
The outer periphery of 2 is covered with a case 24. A fuel gas introduction passage 25 and a combustion air introduction passage 26 pass through the refractory material 22, and the tips of these 25 and 26 are connected to the reticular object 20.
It faces the surface opposite to the heating surface 23.

In the space of the heat-resistant material 21 forming the net-like object 2o, a portion close to the introduction passages 25 and 26 is defined as a mixing chamber G,
A portion close to the heating surface 23 is defined as a combustion chamber IJ.

Thus, fuel gas D is introduced from the outside into the mixing chamber G via the fuel gas introduction path 25, and the combustion air introduction path 2
Combustion air E is introduced from the outside into the mixing chamber G via fi. The fuel gas D and the combustion air E flow in the direction of the heating surface 23 in the mixing chamber (n), but the flow is repeatedly branched and merged by the heat-resistant material 2I, and when they reach the combustion chamber H, , the fuel gas D and the combustion air E are uniformly mixed.

The sufficiently mixed gas reaches the combustion chamber H, is burned, and moves toward the heating surface 23 while being rectified by the heat-resistant material 21. and the combustion °°1 reticular object 20
For example, heating 3 expanded solid radiant heat, ,, +radiation. The radiated solid radiant heat C heats the surrounding heat-resistant material 21, but
Eventually, it is radiated to the outside from the heating surface 23. Since the heat resistance rate 4A21 is uniformly distributed within the net-like object 20, there is sufficient contact between the combustion flame and combustion gas and the heat-resistant material 21, so that high-temperature thermal energy can be efficiently converted into solid radiant heat. Can be done. In other words, when viewed from the heating surface 23 side, uniform solid radiant heat is radiated outward from the net-like object 20 as a whole.

By arranging the object 2 with respect to the heating surface 523 as shown in FIG. It receives solid radiant heat C and gas radiant heat. Moreover, this radiant heat can be received from a much wider area in the depth and width directions than in the honeycomb shape shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2 (2), the radiant heat C from the heat-resistant material 21 has a small radiation angle θ and a large radiation intensity.

This means that the heating surface 23 uniformly heats each part of the object 2.

Therefore, the object 2 can approach the heating surface 23 without being prevented from receiving uniform heating.
The object 2 can be quickly heated by bringing the combustion gas B flowing out from the heating surface 23 into direct contact with the object 2. Since this reduces the jflllillt between the heating surface 23 and the object 2, it also reduces the radiant heat radiated to the outside from between the two.

In this embodiment, since the fuel gas introduction passage 25 and the combustion air introduction passage 26 face the net-like object 20, a mixing chamber G is required within the net-like object 20, but the fuel gas D,! When the air E for baking is introduced into the net-like object 20 in a mixed state, the mixing chamber G becomes unnecessary.

In addition, in this embodiment, three sides of the net-like object 20 are covered with fireproof material 22.
Although only one side is open, it is possible to increase or decrease the number of open surfaces depending on the use, and it goes without saying that the shape of the net-like object 20 can also be changed depending on the use and other conditions.

Furthermore, the porosity and space size of the net-like object 20 may be determined depending on various conditions such as the type and amount of the fuel gas D and the shape of the thin object 20, such as a net-like or porous structure that can maintain smooth combustion. It goes without saying that one should select and use one of high quality.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a second embodiment, in which cotton swabs made of fine ceramics are used as the heat-resistant material 21 forming the net-like object 20, and a large number of the swabs are arranged parallel and planar with gaps between them. A large number of planar thin rods are stacked one on top of the other with gaps between them, and each of the planar thin rods is arranged alternately vertically and horizontally from the heating surface 23 eastward, thereby creating a net-like object 20. It is composed of

The net-like object 20 constructed in this way also has r+i+thermal element 2
It goes without saying that the heat-resistant material 21 of the first embodiment functions similarly to the heat-resistant material 21 of the first embodiment. Other configurations and operations are also similar to those in the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a third embodiment, which is a device that locally heats only the end of the object 2. For this purpose, the heating surface 23 is made concave, and the end of the object 2 is placed inside the heating surface 23. I made it look like this.

Thus, according to this embodiment, the end of the object 2 can be heated from three sides by the three heating surfaces 23, and the object 2 can be heated from three sides.
It is now possible to heat the corner of the end from two sides.

Then, the solid radiant heat of the heat-resistant material 21 and the gas radiant heat,
The object 2 can be heated by the contact heat of the combustion gas, and in particular, due to the heating effect of solid radiant heat, the required heating time and fuel can be saved by about 20% compared to the conventional technique shown in FIG. 7. Other configurations and effects are the same as in FIG. 1.

FIG. 5 shows a fourth embodiment. and object 2
Sintered ore is used in the case 'C', and a heating surface 23 is formed on the lower surface of a net-like object 20 that heats the object 2 from the upper surface. The object 2 is moving in the direction of the arrow so that the heating surface 23 covers the entire width of the object 2.

Object 2 is made of sintered ore mixed with fine coke particles,
By heating from the heating surface 23, fine coke particles in the surface layer of the moving sintered ore are made red hot and sequentially ignited and burned. When the fine coke grains in the surface layer become red-hot, a suction blower (not shown) generates a gas flow from the surface layer toward the inside, so the fine coke grains in the lower layer gradually become red-hot and sinter the sintered ore in the lower layer. It is something to do.

According to this embodiment, since the heating surface 23 has a uniform heating ability, there is little heating unevenness, and the fine coke particles on the surface of the sintered ore are uniformly red-hot, improving all three quality yields.

Further, the distance 111n between the heating surface 23 and the object 2 can be set to several 1++ to several 1101I, and the amount of radiant heat radiated to the outside from the gap is reduced, so that thermal efficiency is improved. Incidentally, when heating with a conventional combustion flame, the length of the combustion flame is as short as 10 cm and as long as 1 m, and as a result, a large amount of gas radiant heat is released to the outside. However, this embodiment does not have such drawbacks.

In this embodiment, since the distance r@n is small as described above, most of the combustion gas B from the heating surface 23 is sucked into the object 2 and contributes to heating the fine coke particles. This is because in the case of conventional direct heating using a combustion flame, the length of the combustion flame is large, so the combustion gas around the combustion flame flows outside and does not contribute to the heating of the fine coke particles. This is in contrast to

Furthermore, in the case of local heating in this embodiment, heat is transferred by solid radiant heat, and the coke particles in the surface layer of the sintered ore become red-hot in a short time, thereby improving productivity.

This embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the combustion air introduction passage 26 is disposed at the center of the fuel gas introduction passage 25. Other configurations and operations are similar to those of the first embodiment.

Each of the embodiments has been described above, and although in each of these embodiments the net-like object 20 is covered on three sides with the refractory material 22, depending on the application, only the three-dimensional net-like object 20 may be covered with the refractory material 22. Of course, it can be configured without any.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, according to the present invention, the fuel supplied from the paddy supply port is combusted in the combustion chamber formed by the communication space within the net-like object. In the combustion chamber, the fuel immediately after being supplied is thoroughly mixed and rectified by repeatedly branching and merging into the fli + thermal furnace, resulting in an overall uniform flow toward the heating surface, and the fuel is combusted. do,
Heat-resistant materials are heated to high temperatures and radiate solid radiant heat from a wide area. The radiant solid radiant heat radiates the surrounding heat-resistant materials to mutually heat each other, and is uniformly radiated to the outside from the heating surface.

Therefore, by allowing the object to be heated to face the open surface of the net-like object, it is possible to uniformly heat the object from the heating surface. Therefore, the object can approach the heating surface in a state where it is uniformly heated, so the object can receive sufficient heating by directly contacting the combustion gas irradiated from the heating surface.
By reducing the distance between the heating surface and the object, it is also possible to reduce the amount of radiant heat that is radiated to the outside from there, improving thermal efficiency.

Shizuku: Thus, according to this invention, it is possible to suppress the leakage of radiant heat to the outside and improve the combustion efficiency of the fuel, and since it is possible to irradiate a wide range of solid-state radiant heat, it is possible to quickly target the heated part of the object to be heated. In addition, uniform heating can be achieved, and the amount of fuel input can be significantly reduced.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1(1) is a sectional view showing a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1(2) is a sectional view showing the first embodiment of the present invention. ), partially cutaway front view of Figure 2 (
1) is an enlarged view of the main part of Fig. 111, Fig. 2 (2) is an explanatory diagram of the radiation angle in Fig. 1 (1), Fig. 3 (1) is a sectional view of the second embodiment, Fig. 3 (2) is a partially cutaway front view of the figure (1), FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the third embodiment, FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the fourth embodiment, and FIG. 6 is a sectional view of the first conventional example. Figure, Figure 7 (]
) is a perspective view of the second conventional example, FIG. 7 (2) is an enlarged view of the main part of FIG.
Figure (2) is a bottom view of the gas burner shown in Figure +11, Figure 9 (11 is a sectional view of the fourth conventional example, and Figure 9 (2) is
), FIG. 10(1) is a cross-sectional view of the fifth conventional example, FIG. 10(2) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line x-X of FIG. 10(1),
Figure 11. l is: 1 (Structure explanatory diagram of the burner of the 6th conventional example, No. 111!If2) is a partial tank sectional view of the same figure (1),
Fig. 11 (31 and +41 are enlarged views of the main parts of Fig. 11). 8. Aa... Gas radiant heat, B... Combustion gas, C...
・Solid radiant heat, D...Fuel gas, I...Combustion air, G...Mixing chamber, ■]...Combustion chamber 1, y...Mixed gas, 1...Furnace, 2 ...object, 4...combustion flame,
20... Net-like object, 21... Heat-resistant material, 22...
・Fireproof material, 23... Heating surface, 24... Case, 25
...Fuel gas introduction path, 26...Combustion air introduction path Patent applicant Kawasaki Steel Corporation Representative Patent attorney Tetsuya Mori Representative Patent attorney Yoshiaki Naito Patent attorney Tadashi Shimizu Representative Patent attorney Yuze Kajiyama

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] +11 (al) A three-dimensional net-like object made of a heat-resistant material, (bl a combustion chamber formed between the heat-resistant materials of the net-like object and consisting of communication spaces communicating vertically and horizontally, and (C1 A heating device comprising: a fuel supply port facing the combustion chamber; and (d) a heating surface formed by opening at least a portion of the outer surface of the net-like object.