JPS6023637A - Electromagnetic clutch device for driving load in forward and reverse directions - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make it possible to use a power supply of a small capacity, by permitting a first and second lever to come into contact with a rotary cam, rotating the rotary cam by supplying current to a solenoid coil thereby to switch over the first and second lever. CONSTITUTION:A first lever 6 having gears 4 and 5b and a rotary shaft 5a and a second lever 7 having gears 8, 9b and 10 and a rotary shaft 9a are brought into contact with a rotary cam 14a, and a solenoid coil 17 is connected through a yoke 16 and a lever 12 to a gear 13. A gear 11 connected to a rotary shaft 11a of a motor is brought into engagement with the gear 13 by controlling supply of current to the solenoid coil 17 thereby to control rotation of the rotary cam 14a. As a result, the levers 6 and 7 are rocked to select engagement of the gears 11 and 5 and that of the gears 11 and 9 thereby to control a load A in each mode of forward direction, reverse direction and stoppage. Accordingly, a power supply of a small capacity may be used.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a device that selects and drives a load in the forward or reverse direction depending on the motor (motor, gasoline engine, etc.). For this purpose, a well-known electromagnetic clutch is commonly used.
This has the following disadvantages.

First, compared to the transmission torque, the current I'% required is extremely small, which makes it difficult to use a large capacity power source. Second, it has the disadvantage of generating a loud impact noise during operation. Thirdly, since the torque is transmitted by frictional coupling of the flange plates, there is a drawback that wear is involved, and therefore, the service life is limited.

The device of the present invention has succeeded in completely eliminating the above-mentioned drawbacks, and can control the transmission of large torques with extremely small pulsed electrical inputs, with little mechanical noise.
It operates quietly and has no wear parts, so it has a long service life, and even when the prime mover rotates in one direction, it can drive the load in both forward and reverse directions. Therefore, it is effective when a load is driven using a gasoline engine, which is difficult to reverse, as a drive source. It is also effective when an induction motor is used as the drive source, although reverse rotation is possible, but there is a problem with acceleration during start-up and the reverse rotation circuit is not simple. Historically, it has the feature of being able to output multiple outputs from a single prime mover during normal rotation and reverse rotation.

Since it has the above-mentioned characteristics, it can be used in place of the well-known electromagnetic clutch and can produce remarkable novel and excellent effects. In particular, the present invention can be applied to electric vehicles, document stands for copying, reciprocating devices for illumination devices, and various automatic machines (vending machines, robots, etc.) to provide effective technology.

Next, details of the apparatus of the present invention having the above-mentioned features will be described with reference to embodiments.

FIG. 1 is an external view of the device of the present invention applied to the output shaft of an induction motor 1. As shown in FIG. Symbols 1a and lb are input terminals.

The inventive device 2 is attached to the output shaft of the induction motor 1. Terminals 2a, 2b, 2c are control input terminals, and the fourth
Terminals 27a and 27b, which will be described later with reference to the figures.

2"7c. Therefore, terminal 2a,
When an electric signal is input from 2b2c, the output shaft 3a can be selected from three modes: forward rotation, reverse rotation, and stop. It has the feature that the speed reduction ratio can be arbitrarily changed and set.

Next, details of the apparatus of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIG.

In FIG. 2, the lever 6 is rotatably supported on a support shaft 4a provided on the main body, and the gear 4 is also rotatably supported on the support shaft 4a.

A gear 5b is rotatably supported on a support shaft 5a mounted on the lever 6. Symbol 5 is a rotary ring that is integrated with the gear 5b, and a rubber ring is broken on the peripheral edge of the rotating ring. Gears 4 and 5b are meshed.

A rotating wheel (made of plastic) 11 is fixed to a rotating shaft 11, a of an electric motor (not shown) fixed to the main body, and rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow.

A lever 7 and a gear 8 are rotatably supported on a spindle 8a provided on the main body, and a spindle 9a provided on the free end of the lever 7 has a rotating ring 9 (on the periphery) formed in one piece. ) and a gear 9b are rotatably supported. A gear 10 is attached to a support shaft 10a provided in the first part of the lever 7.
is supported, and the gear 10 meshes with the gear 5b18.

An excitation coil 17 is attached to the U-shaped yoke 16 fixed to the main body.
is attached and locked with N and S fixed to the lever 12. The spring 12b is hung on the lever 12 so as to press the rotating wheels 13 and 11 into contact with each other.

The lever 12 is rotatably supported by a support shaft 12a provided on the main body, a magnet 15 is fixed to the end thereof, and faces the open end of the magnetic path of the yoke 16.

A rotary cam 14a and a gear 14, which are integrated into one body, are rotatably supported on the support shaft 12a, and a gear 13b is supported on the free end of the lever 12 by a support shaft 13a.
It meshes with. Further, the gear 13b and the rotary ring 13 (the periphery of which is covered with a rubber ring) are constructed as one unit. The ratio of the diameters of the gears 13b and 14 is 1:4.

When an electric pulse is input to the excitation coil 17, the magnetic flux generated by the excitation coil 17 is in the opposite direction to the magnetic flux of the magnet 15, so the attractive force between the yoke 16 and the magnet 15 disappears. Then, the lever 12 is unlocked.

Therefore, due to the action of the spring 12b, a torque is applied to the lever 12 to rotate it counterclockwise. Therefore, the rotating wheel 11
and 1.3b are pressed together and power transmission begins. The rotating wheel 13 is driven counterclockwise, the gear 14 is driven in the clockwise direction, and the rotating cam 14a also rotates. Since the rotary wheel 13 rotates unevenly, the lever 12 reciprocates once and returns to its original position with each rotation, and is again attracted to the yoke 16 and locked. Therefore, each time the excitation coil 17 is temporarily energized, the rotating cam 14a rotates 90 degrees clockwise.

Since the gear 13b rotates counterclockwise, the larger the load, the more force is generated to rotate the lever 12 counterclockwise, increasing the pressure contact between the rotating wheels 11 and 13, and increasing the transmitted torque. If the rotating ring 13 is pressed against the rotating ring 11 at a biting angle, the above-mentioned effect will be further enhanced.

Therefore, the spring 12b may be weak, and this fact also has the effect of minimizing the energization input to the excitation coil 17.

Therefore, the electromagnetic locking device described above is characterized by being small and lightweight. In this embodiment, an electric motor was used as the drive source, but the present invention can be implemented using other power sources.

A rotating shaft 3a' (shown by the same symbol in FIG. 1) provided on the main body is supported by a shaft bearing (not shown).

) is fixed with gear 3 and meshes with gear 4.8. The rotating shaft 3a serves as an output shaft, and a load A connected thereto is driven.

When the excitation coil 17 is energized once, the rotating cam 14
a rotates 90 degrees clockwise. The lever 6 does not rotate, but the lever 7 faces the recess of the rotating cam 14a, so it rotates clockwise, and the spring 7a (suspended on the lever 6.7) causes the rotating wheels 11 and 9 to rotate. are pressed against each other, and the rotating wheel 9 is driven counterclockwise and the rotating wheel 10 is driven clockwise.

The lever 7 receives a clockwise torque due to the reaction of the gear 8 which becomes negative Is, and this force presses the rotary wheel 9 strongly against the rotary wheel 11 in accordance with the magnitude of the load, so that power transmission is reduced. It has a certain effect.

Next, when the excitation coil 17 is energized, the rotating cam 14a moves to 9
How many times does it turn 0 degrees? Therefore, since the levers 6.7 both come into contact with the convex portion of the rotary cam 14a, the rotary wheels 11 and 9 are separated, power transmission is cut off, and the load A is also stopped.

Next, when the excitation coil 17 is energized, the rotary cam 14a further rotates 90 degrees, and the lever 6 faces the four parts of the rotary cam 14a, so the spring 7a presses the rotary wheels 11 and 5 into contact with each other, thereby transmitting power. will be started. At this time, gear 5b
rotates counterclockwise, so the reaction of the gear 40 serving as a load rotates the lever 6 counterclockwise in the direction of δ, increasing the pressing force between the rotating wheels 11 and 5 in accordance with the magnitude of the load A. . Therefore, there is an effect that power transmission is ensured.

When the excitation coil 17 is energized one more time, the rotating cam 1
4a is rotated by 90 degrees to the position shown, and the load A is stopped.

As can be understood from the above explanation, when controlling the energization of the excitation coil 17, the load A can be selected from three modes: forward direction, reverse direction, and stop.

Next, the above-mentioned mode selection means will be explained with reference to FIG.

In FIG. 4, the circuit indicated by symbol 27 is an alternative selection circuit, and is composed of three flip-flop circuits.

That is, when there is an input from terminal 27a, AND circuit 28a
When one input of the AND circuit 28b is held at a high level and there is an input from the terminal 27b, one input of the AND circuit 28b becomes a high level, and the above-mentioned high level of the AND circuit 28a occurs. Level input is converted to low level. terminal 2
When there is an input from 7c, one input of the AND circuit 28c becomes high level, and the above-mentioned AND circuit 28b
A high level input is converted to a low level.

The electric switches 18 and 19 have the same symbols as those in FIG. 1, and when the rotary wheels 11 and 5 are separated, the actuator is pressed against the lever 6, the electric switch 18 is closed, and the electric switch 18 is pressed and the power is transmitted. When this is done, the actuator is separated from the lever 6 and the electric switch 18 is opened.

It is something that can be cut off.

In the state shown in FIG. 2, when there is an input to the terminal 27a, the electric switch 18 is closed, so the output of the AND circuit 28a becomes the base input of the transistor 30 via the OR circuit 29, making it conductive. .

Therefore, the excitation coil 17 is energized, and the rotational force starts to rotate. When the rotary cam 14a rotates slightly before 270 degrees, the electric switch 18a is opened, so the output of the AND circuit 28a disappears, and the lever 12
is locked by the yoke 16, and due to the eccentricity of the rotating wheel 13, it is separated from the rotating wheel 11 and stopped.

Since the lever 6 faces the recessed portion of the rotary cam 14a, the load A is driven in the forward direction.

Next, when there is an input to the terminal 27b, one input of the AND circuit 28b becomes high level, and since the electric switch 19 is closed, the other inputs also become low level.

Therefore, the output of the AND circuit 28 b passes through the OR circuit 29 to conduct the transistor 30 and energize the exciting coil 17 to the power supply positive terminal 25 .

Therefore, the rotating cam 14a rotates. When the lever 7 is rotated 180 degrees, the lever 7 faces the concave portion of the rotary cam 14a, and power transmission is started.The electric switch 19 is also opened, and the output of the AND circuit 28b becomes low level, and the transistor 3
0 becomes non-conductive, and the excitation coil 17 is also de-energized. Therefore, load A is driven in the opposite direction.

Next, if there is more human power than terminal 27c, AND circuit 28c
One input is obtained. At this time, the electric switch 19
Since it is open, the output of the NAND circuit 28 is at a high level. Therefore, an output is obtained from the AND circuit 28c, the transistor 30 becomes conductive, and the exciting coil 17
is energized, the rotary cam 14a rotates, and when it rotates 90 degrees, the lever 6.7 becomes its convex low level, the output of the AND circuit 28c also becomes low level, and the excitation coil 17 is de-energized. The rotating cam 14a stops.

As explained above, the terminals 27'a, 27b
, 27 If there is an input from c, the positive of load A,
It has the feature that three modes, reverse direction and stop, are selectively selected.

The inputs of terminals 27a, 27b, 27c are as follows:
The input may be from a numerical control circuit or a manual pushbutton switch.

If the ratio of the diameters of the gears 13b and 14 is set to 1:2 so as to rotate the rotary cam of FIG. 2 by 180 degrees, there will be no stop mode, but it can be used depending on the application.

Further, when the rotational speed of the rotating wheel 11 is low, the rotational speed of the rotating wheel 5.
It is also possible to use 9 as a gear, omit the gears 5b and 9b, and mesh the gear 11 and the gear 5.9 in a ml contact. Further, the rotating wheel 11 can also be a worm gear.

The same objective can be achieved by modifying the apparatus shown in FIG. 2 as shown in FIG.

In FIG. 5, gear 4 is a gear with the same symbol as in FIG. Load A is driven by gear 4. Lever 6.
7 (shown in the second figure) is rotatably supported together with the gear 4 on one support shaft 4a. All of the features of FIG. 2 on the lever 6.7 have been omitted and not shown.

The support shaft 8a in FIG. 2 is also used as the support shaft 4a, and the gear 8
is removed and replaced by gear 4.

Therefore, the gear 5b in FIG. 2 meshes with the gear 4 in FIG.
The gear 10 shown in FIG. 2 also meshes with the gear 4 shown in FIG. In FIG. 5, the torque transmission system after gears 5 and 10 is the same as that in FIG. 2, so it is omitted.

With the above configuration, it is clear that the three modes of driving and stopping the load A in the forward direction and reverse direction can be selected depending on the rotation angle phase of the rotary cam 14a.

Next, the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 will be explained.

In FIG. 3, parts with the same symbols as those in FIG. 2 are the same members, and their functions and effects are also the same, so a description thereof will be omitted.

A lever 6 and a gear 4 are supported on a support shaft 4a provided on the main body. The lever 6 is resiliently biased counterclockwise by a spring 6a. Gear 5b.

The rotating ring 5 and the support shaft 5a have exactly the same structure as in FIG. 2. Unlike in FIG. 2, the rotating cam 14a has a diameter ratio of 1:3 between the gears 13b and 14, so that the eccentric rotating ring 13
Rotates by 9120 degrees with one rotation of .

The symbol B indicates the yoke 16 and exciting coil 17 in FIG. Each time the excitation coil 17 is energized once, the rotating cam 14a rotates by 120 degrees.

The gear 21 and the lever 20 are rotatably supported by a support shaft 4a with the same symbol on the right side. Therefore, the lever 20 is located below the lever 6, and although the left and right clutch devices in FIG. This is what is shown.

A gear 22 b and a rotating ring 22 which are integrated into one are supported on a support shaft 22 a provided on the lever 20 .
and 21 mesh together. A spring 20a is applied to the lever 20 so as to rotate it in the counterclockwise @-1 direction. The rotating wheel 11 is the same as the one on the left with the same symbol.

In order to change the reduction ratio of the left and right clutch devices, the rotating wheel 2
In some cases, the diameter of the rotary ring 11 is made larger and the diameter of the rotary ring 11 is made smaller. However, the rotating shaft 11a is a common rotating shaft of electric motors.

The spindle 12a of the rotating cam 14b that contacts the lever 20 is common to that of the rotating cam 14a, and the rotating cams 14a, 14b
are arranged so that they overlap one another and rotate synchronously with the angular phase shown.

A gear 2 and a knee 3 are supported on a support shaft 23a provided on the main body, and are meshed with a gear 4. The gear 23 is shown with the same symbol as the clutch device on the right side with a dotted line, but does not mesh with the gear 21. The gear 24 is supported by a support shaft 24a provided on the main body, and meshes with the gears 21 and 23.

In the state shown, the lever 6.20 is rotated by the rotating cam 14a1.
Since it is in contact with the convex portion of 4b, the rotating wheel 11 and the rotating wheel 5
．． 22 are spaced apart. Therefore, gear 4.2:3.24
．． The load driven by any of 21 is stopped.

When the excitation coil 17 of the vertical electromagnetic chain device B is energized once, the rotating cams 14a and 14b rotate by 120 degrees, so the lever 6 faces four parts of the rotating cam 14a. Therefore, the rotating wheels 11 and 5 rotating in the direction of the arrow "g" are pressed against each other, and the load is driven in the positive direction, as in the case of FIG.

The operation and effect are exactly the same as in the case of FIG.

When the excitation coil 17 is further energized, the rotating cam 14a11
4b rotates 120 degrees, so the lever 20 is rotated by the rotating cam 1.
It faces the concave portion of 4b.

Therefore, the rotating wheels 11 and 22 are brought into contact with each other and power is transmitted. A rubber ring is cut out from the periphery of the rotating ring 22.

Due to the presence of gear 24, the load is driven in the opposite direction. The operation and effect are exactly the same as the flanch device on the left.

Next, when the excitation coil 17 is energized, the rotating cam 14a11
4b is rotated by 120 degrees, so that the lever 6.20 returns to the illustrated state in which it abuts against the convex portions of the rotating cams 14a, 14b. The load is therefore stopped.

Each time the excitation coil 17 is energized, three modes of driving the load in the forward direction, driving the load in the reverse direction, and stopping the driving can be selected cyclically, and the operation and effect are the same as in the previous embodiment.

In this embodiment, since the rotary ring 11 and the rotary ring 5.22 can be pressed together at a biting angle, the spring 6a120a has the advantage of being weak.

Electric switch 18, the actuator of which rests on the lever 6.20.
19 is an electric switch which is opened when the lever 6.20 is rotated counterclockwise and a corresponding power transmission is taking place, and which is closed when the power transmission is interrupted.

Therefore, using the control circuit shown in FIG. 4, the terminal 27a127
As in the previous embodiment, the forward and reverse drive and stop modes of the nine loads can be alternatively selected by inputs from b and 27c.

As can be seen from the description of each of the embodiments above, the objects of the present invention have been achieved and the effects are significant.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is an external view of an electric motor equipped with the device of the present invention;
3 and 3 are explanatory diagrams of the apparatus of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a control circuit diagram thereof, and FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a part of a different embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Electric motor, 2... Container of the apparatus of this invention, 3a...
・Output shaft, A...Load, 12.6.7.20...
Lever, 4.8.5b19.10.3.13b, 14
．． 24.23.21.22 b...Gear, 5.9.
22.11.13...Rotating wheel, 4a, 8a, 5a, 9
a, 10a, 13a112a, 22a, 23a, 24a
--- Support shaft, 12b, 7a. 6a, 20a... spring, 14a, 14b...
Rotating cam, 18.19... Electric switch, 16...
Yoke, 17... Excitation coil, 15... Magnen)
, 28 a, 28 b, 28C...AND circuit, 28...NAND circuit, 29...OR circuit, 30
...transistor, 27...alternative selection circuit. Patent applicant 1 Figure 5-174-

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A drive rotary wheel driven by a prime mover so as to rotate in one fixed direction, and a first lever and a first lever that are independently rotatably supported by a support shaft provided on the main body. a second gear rotatably supported by a support shaft provided at the free end of the first lever and meshing with the first gear; and a second gear rotating synchronously with the second gear. A rotating ring, a second lever and a third gear each independently rotatably supported by a support shaft provided on the main body, and a support shaft provided at the free end of the second lever. The third
a fifth gear that is rotatably supported by a support shaft provided at the free end of the second lever and that meshes with the fourth gear; and a fifth gear that meshes with the fourth gear. a second rotating wheel that rotates synchronously with the second rotating wheel; and a spring that is damaged by the eleventh second lever so that the first and second rotating wheels are pressed against both sides of the driving rotating wheel at a biting angle. , both sides abut against the free ends of the first and second levers, and the first lever is pressed by a rotary cam that advances by l/n (n is a positive integer) rotations, and the advanced rotary cam. Then, the first rotary wheel is held at a distance from the drive rotary wheel, and the second lever is rotated in the opposite direction by the elastic force of the spring, so that the second rotary wheel and the drive rotary wheel are brought into pressure contact. A first mode in which power is transmitted and the first lever is rotated in the opposite direction by the elastic force of the spring, and the first rotating wheel and the drive rotating wheel are pressed against each other to transmit power, and the second lever is pressed. a second mode in which the first rotating wheel is held apart from the driving rotating wheel; and the first and second levers are pressed to separate both the first and second rotating wheels from the driving rotating wheel. By energizing the excitation coil of the electromagnetic locking device once,
a rotary cam advancement device that advances the aforementioned rotary cam while rotating l/n in response to transmission of force from a drive rotary wheel through unlocking of a locked lever; A sixth gear meshed with and driven by the third gear, and the first, third, and third gears.
A load that is reversely driven by any of the sixth gears, three electric signal input means for commanding the load to be driven in the forward direction, reverse direction, and stopped, and an excitation coil that is input by inputting the electric signals. An electromagnetic flanch device for driving a load in forward and reverse directions, comprising a control circuit that controls energization and selectively selects one of the first, second, and third modes. (2) A drive rotary wheel driven by a prime mover to rotate in one direction, and a first and second lever and a seventh gear that are independently rotatably supported by a support shaft provided on the main body. a second gear that is rotatably supported by a support shaft provided at the free end of the first lever and meshes with the seventh gear; and a first rotating wheel that rotates in synchronization with the second gear. a fourth gear rotatably supported by a support shaft provided at the free end of the second lever and meshing with the seventh gear; and a support shaft provided at the free end of the second lever. a fifth gear that is rotatably supported by and meshes with the fourth gear; a second rotating ring that rotates synchronously with the fifth gear; springs applied to the first and second levers and both sides of the springs are in contact with the free ends of the first and second levers so as to be pressed against both sides of the drive rotating wheel;
A rotary cam that advances by 1/n (n is a positive integer) rotation and a rotated cam that has stepped forward press a first lever to hold the first rotary wheel apart from the driving rotary wheel. A first mode in which the second lever is rotated by the elastic force of a spring to press the second rotating wheel and the drive rotating wheel to transmit power, and the first lever is rotated by the elastic force of the spring. , a second mode in which the first rotating wheel and the driving rotating wheel are pressed against each other to transmit power, and the second lever is pressed to hold the first rotating wheel apart from the driving rotating wheel; A mechanism for selecting a third mode in which the first and second rotating wheels are held apart from the driving rotating wheel by pressing a second lever, and a mechanism for selecting a third mode in which the first and second rotating wheels are held apart from each other by pressing the second lever; When the locked lever is unlocked by energizing, the rotating cam receives power from the drive rotating wheel and advances the above-mentioned rotating cam by 1/n rotation. A device, a load reversely driven by the seventh gear, and three electrical signals for commanding forward drive, reverse drive, and stop of the load. The present invention is characterized in that it is configured with a control circuit that controls the energization of the excitation coil and selectively selects one of the first, second, and third modes. A driving electromagnetic clutch device. (3) A drive rotary wheel driven by a prime mover to rotate in the ■ direction, a first gear, a second gear, and a first gear each independently rotatably supported on a single support shaft provided on the main body. a second gear that meshes with the second gear; a first rotating ring that rotates synchronously with the second gear; and a third gear that is rotatably supported by a support shaft provided at the free end of the second lever; an eighth gear that meshes with the eighth gear, a second rotating wheel that rotates synchronously with the eighth gear, and the first and second rotating wheels press against the driving rotating wheel from one direction at a biting angle, A spring hung on each of the first and second levers, and first and second rotary cams that rotate synchronously while abutting each of the free ends of the first and second levers; The first rotary cam advances by 1/n (n is a positive integer) rotation, and depending on the angle of the step, the first rotating cam presses the first lever and holds the first rotating wheel apart from the drive rotating wheel. The second lever is rotated by the elastic force of the spring via the second rotary cam, and the second rotary wheel and the driving rotary wheel are pressed into contact with each other to transmit power. The first lever is rotated by the elastic force of the spring via the first rotating cam, and the first rotating wheel and the drive rotating wheel are pressed against each other to transmit power, and the second rotating cam is connected to the second rotating cam. A second mode in which the lever is pressed to hold the second rotary wheel and the driving rotary wheel apart, and the first and second rotary cams press the first and second levers, respectively. A mechanism that selectively selects the third mode in which both the second rotating wheels are held apart from the driving rotating wheels, and a single energization of the excitation coil of the electromagnetic locking device, a rotary cam advancing device that advances the first and second rotary cams by 1/n rotation in response to power transmission from the driving rotary wheel through the unlocking of the locked lever; A ninth gear supported by a support shaft provided on the main body and meshing with the first gear; and a tenth gear supported by a support shaft provided on the main body and meshing with the ninth and third gears. and,
A load driven by any one of the first, third, ninth, and tenth gears; input means for three electrical signals for instructing the load to be driven in the forward direction, driven in the reverse direction, and stopped; and the electrical signals energization of the excitation coil is controlled according to the input of the first
An electromagnetic clutch device for driving a load in forward and reverse directions, characterized in that it is configured with a control circuit that selectively selects either a second mode or a third mode.