JPS60234585A - Method and apparatus for membrane-transmission fermentation or reaction - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain fermented liquid or reacted liquid in a short time, without causing adverse effect to the microbial cell, by passing the feed liquid for fermentation or reaction in one direction through a membrane or a tube prepared by mixing living microbial cell or enzyme with an immobilization carrier and a porous substance. CONSTITUTION:Living microbial cells or enzyme cultured in a culture liquid composed of glucose, peptone, yeast extract and water (e.g. Saccharomyces cerevisiae) are mixed with an immobilization carrier (e.g. K-carrageenan, aluminum alginate, etc.) and a porous substance (e.g. celite 545), and the mixture is formed to a membrane or a tube. The membrane, etc. is inserted between a pair of metal meshes having opening of about 1mm. and placed in a cylindrical bioreactor to obtain an immobilized yeast tank. The liquid for fermentation is sent from the feed tank 3 to the yeast tank under the nitrogen pressure of about 0.2kg/cm<2> applied by the nitrogen bomb 2 via the pressure regulator 1, and passed through the yeast layer with a residence time of about 2hr to complete the fermentation. The obtained product (e.g. alcohol) and CO2 are taken out of the reactor through the bottom.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a transmembrane investigation or reaction method and apparatus.

More specifically, the present invention involves mixing viable bacterial cells or enzymes with a porous material and an immobilization carrier (for example, carrageenan, aluminum alginate, etc.) to form a membrane or tube, and then disposing of one part of the membrane or tube. C relates to a method and apparatus for obtaining a desired fermentation liquid or reaction liquid by passing the fermentation liquid or reaction liquid from the direction.

Conventionally, immobilized microorganisms and immobilized enzymes are produced by mixing microbial cells or enzymes with an immobilizing carrier such as K-carrageenan or calcium alginate to form particles of about 1 to 3 mm, and then placing them in a packed tower or fluidized bed. I was using it.

In conventional methods, microorganisms and enzymes are immobilized inside or on the surface of the particles, so the fermentation solution or reaction solution penetrates the microorganisms and enzymes in the particles through intragranular diffusion and converts them into microorganisms or enzymes. If there is no contact, the reaction will not proceed, and the reacted substances must diffuse out of the particles again.

That's why the reaction is slow.

As a result of various research into methods and devices to overcome these drawbacks, the present invention was developed by mixing porous materials when immobilizing bacterial cells or enzymes, forming a flat membrane or tube, and forcing the fermentation liquid or reaction liquid. We have discovered that by passing the mixture through the medium, the fermentation or reaction can be brought to near completion in a short period of time.

Next, as an example of the present invention, an alcoholic sake using yeast as a bacterial cell will be shown. Yeast is Sacervis
iae was used. Yeast was cultured in a mixture of glucose, peptone, yeast extract, and water. After that, K-carrageenan and locust bean were mixed, and Celite 545 was added to make it porous.
Put a 1 mm wire mesh into the cylindrical bioreactor of No. 111111, put the membrane of the present invention in it, and put Im' again on top of it.
I held it down with the m-th wire mesh. The fermentation liquid is supplied from above and a pressure of 0.22 kg/d is applied to make it easier to pass through the membrane.In alcohol fermentation, not only alcohol is produced, but also alcohol.
Carbon dioxide gas was also produced, but could exit through the porous material in the opposite direction to the feed liquid.

As shown in Figure 2, when continuous operation is performed for a long time, the alcohol production rate becomes constant and stable from about the 5th day.
The pressure had to be increased gradually to pass through the membrane. The number of yeast bacteria has increased from the initial state to 8 x 10q
This is probably due to the fact that the number of gels has increased to 7 ml per gel. The rate of alcohol production was approximately 2 hours in residence time, and the results shown in FIG. 2 were obtained. This is the conventional immobilized yeast (
The production rate is nearly five times that of the residence time of 10 to 12 hours in alcoholic fermentation using particle type), and it shows that the apparatus can be downsized.

Example 2. Using the apparatus shown in FIG. 3, a membrane was prepared by mixing carrageenan and Celite 545 and forming two layers in the same manner as in the previous example. This device was operated continuously for one month as shown in Figure 4.

As can be seen from the above examples, the membrane-passing fermentation or reaction method and device were effective and were able to produce a more compact product compared to conventional devices. One reason is that ethanol produced from sugar itself has a negative effect on bacteria, but with this membrane-passing type, the produced ethanol is immediately excreted and is thought to be less likely to affect the bacteria.

In conventional methods, bacteria or immobilized bacterial cells are immersed in liquid and are affected by the product until the end of fermentation, so it is very difficult to produce substances that may have a negative effect on the bacterial cells. However, it is thought that this method has the potential to produce substances that inhibit bacterial cells.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 shows a cylindrical membrane-passing experimental device. 1...Pressure regulator 2...Chisso cylinder 3... Raw material tank Figure 2 shows the operation results. The produced ethanol, residual glucose, and transmembrane pressure drop are shown. Figure 3 shows a two-layer device. Figure 4 shows the operational results of the two-layer device. Figure 1 Friendship huh? 2nd 4th Hengeki Sensho (h) Figures 3 and 3 #Slanted tile Hard) 1be

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A treatment method characterized by mixing viable bacterial cells or enzymes, a porous substance, and an immobilization carrier to form a membrane or tube, and passing the fermentation or reaction solution in one direction. (2) A fermentation or reaction device characterized by mixing living bacterial cells or enzymes, a porous substance, and an immobilization carrier to form a membrane or tube, through which a fermentation or reaction solution passes in one direction.