JPS6023357B2 - electronic musical instruments - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument, and more particularly to an electronic musical instrument having an automatic accompaniment function and an automatic rhythm performance function.

Electronic musical instruments generally generate musical tones corresponding to pressed keys on a keyboard section, and are provided with an automatic accompaniment function, an automatic rhythm performance function, etc. in order to improve playability.

Automatic accompaniment is based on the keys pressed on the accompaniment keyboard, and produces sounds over multiple octave ranges preset by switches, etc. while sequentially changing the octave (up or down) at predetermined time intervals. It is something. Automatic rhythm performance automatically produces rhythm sounds in accordance with the selected rhythm type (samba, waltz, march, etc.), and these automatic accompaniment and automatic rhythm performance functions can be used simultaneously. Alternatively, by selecting either one alone, the performance expression of the electronic musical instrument can be enriched. However, in conventional electronic musical instruments, the automatic accompaniment function and automatic rhythm accompaniment function described above are completely independent of each other, so for example, the octave change range (octave movement amount) in automatic accompaniment is set to "4 octaves", On the other hand, when "Waltz" is selected as the performance rhythm in automatic rhythm performance and both performances are performed simultaneously, the following inconvenience occurs. In other words, in automatic accompaniment, the octave change range is 4 octaves, so one cycle is completed by pronouncing the notes in each octave four times, whereas in automatic rhythm performance, one cycle is completed by pronouncing the notes in each octave four times. Therefore, by pronouncing the rhythm sound three times, 1
The cycle ends. Therefore, the phrases of automatic accompaniment and automatic rhythm performance do not match, resulting in an unnatural sound. This invention was made in view of the above-mentioned disadvantages, and its purpose is to automatically match the phrases of automatic accompaniment and automatic rhythm performance when operating the automatic accompaniment function and automatic rhythm performance function at the same time. Our goal is to provide electronic musical instruments that are unique to our customers.

In order to achieve such an object, the present invention sets the octave movement amount of the automatic accompaniment function in accordance with the rhythm selection of the automatic rhythm performance function.

Hereinafter, the Ryuko musical instrument according to the present invention will be explained in detail using the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram for explaining the outline of a basic electronic musical instrument for explaining an embodiment of the electronic musical instrument according to the present invention, and 1 is a block diagram for explaining the outline of an electronic musical instrument, which is provided with, for example, an upper keyboard, a lower keyboard, and a pedal keyboard. Keyboard section, 2 is a key assigner, 3 is a frequency information storage device, 4 is a shift circuit, 6 is an accumulator, 7
is a waveform memory, 8 is a sound system, 9 is an envelope waveform generator, 10 is an automatic accompaniment/octave movement amount setting switch, 11 is an encoder, 12 is a tempo clock oscillator, 13 is an automatic accompaniment control device, 14 is a rhythm selection device, Reference numerals 15 and 15 each indicate an automatic rhythm signal generator.

The key assigner 2 detects the on or off operation of a key switch of each key arranged on the keyboard section 1, and assigns the sound of the pressed key to one of a plurality of sound generation channels corresponding to the number of simultaneous sounds. In the following description, the number of simultaneous sounds is assumed to be 12, and the number of sound generation channels is correspondingly 12. This key assigner 2 has a memory location corresponding to each channel, stores key data KD representing a certain pressed key in the memory location corresponding to the channel assigned to that key, and stores key data KD stored in each channel. Output sequentially in a time-division manner.

Therefore, when a plurality of keys are pressed simultaneously on the keyboard section 1, each pressed key is assigned to a separate channel, and the memory location corresponding to each channel contains key data KD representing the assigned key. are respectively memorized. Each storage location can be organized by a rotating shift register. In this case, the key data KD specifying each key in the keyboard section 1 is, for example, a 2-bit keyboard code K2, K,
and a 3-bit octave code B3, B2, B. and 4-bit note codes N4, N3, N2, and N representing note names within one octave, making up a total of 9 bits. Table 1: In this key assigner 2, the key data KD representing the pressed keys assigned to each channel (i.e., the key data stored in the shift register) is sequentially time-divisionally stored in accordance with the time of each assigned channel. is output to.

Here, the time of each channel is defined by a clock pulse, and the time of one channel is defined by a clock pulse? This is the time corresponding to one period (for example, 1 ms) of . And each channel time repeats every 12rs.
Further, the keysina 2 outputs one attack pulse AP indicating that a sound should be generated in the channel to which the pressed key is assigned to sound, in synchronization with the channel time at the beginning of the assignment. Furthermore, when the key assigned to each channel is pressed, a decay start signal D is generated, which indicates that the sound should be attenuated.
S is output in synchronization with the channel time. These signals AP and DS are used in the envelope waveform generator 9 for amplitude envelope control (sound generation control) of musical tones. Furthermore, the keysigner 2 inputs the decay end signal DF output from the envelope waveform generator 9, which indicates that the sound generation in each channel has ended (the decay has ended), and based on this signal DF, various types of signals related to the channel are input. It clears the memory and enters a standby state for a new key to be pressed. The key data KD of each pressed key output from the key assigner 2 in a time-division manner for each channel time is supplied to the frequency information storage device 3. The frequency information storage device 3 consists of a memory that stores frequency information values F corresponding to the pitch of each key, for example as shown in Table 2, and when certain key data KD is added, the frequency corresponding to that data is stored. Information value F is read out. In addition,
The numerical value F stored in this frequency information storage device 3 is 15 bits in Table 2, with 1 bit representing the integer part and the other 14 bits representing the decimal part. The F numbers in Table 2 are the numerical values F expressed in binary numbers converted to IQ Hayabusa numbers. Table 2 The frequency information value F of each channel sequentially output from the frequency information storage device 3 in this manner is appropriately shifted in the shift circuit 4 according to the content of the octave control signal OC to be described later, and becomes the frequency information value F'. After being converted, it is input to the accumulator 6.

The accumulator 6 is the frequency information value F' of each channel.
at a constant sampling rate (12 ms for each channel)
The musical waveform that should be generated at each sampling time (every 121 seconds) is obtained by obtaining the accumulated value qF' (q = 1, 2, 3...) for each channel. Determine the sample point phase of .

This accumulator 6 accumulates the frequency information value F' of each channel in a time-division manner, so it uses a multi-bit adder and holds the accumulated value qF' of each channel for 12 ms until the next accumulation timing. 12 corresponding to the number of channels in
Equipped with a temporary storage circuit for the stage. The waveform memory 7 stores the amplitude value of each sample point obtained by dividing a desired musical sound waveform into, for example, 64 sample points along the time axis, and stores the accumulated value qF output from the accumulator 6.
' specifies the address to be read.

Therefore, when the accumulated value 'qF' for each channel is given to this waveform memory 7 in a time-division manner, the musical sound waveform corresponding to the pressed key assigned to each channel is given from the memory 7 in a time-division manner. is output to. The musical sound waveforms for each channel read out from the waveform memory 7 are combined with a sound system 8 and produced as respective musical tones.

Note that the amplitude envelope of the musical sound waveform read from the waveform memory 7 is controlled by the envelope waveform provided from the envelope waveform generator 9. In this case, the envelope waveform generator 9 generates envelope waveforms such as attack and decay for each channel based on the attack start pulse ASP and decay start signal DS that are supplied from the key assigner 2 in a time-division manner for each channel. Occurs in time division.

Here, when a certain frequency information value F' is output from the shift circuit 4, the modulo of the accumulator 6 is set to M
And if the number of channels is 12, then the waveform memory 7
The frequency fT of the musical sound waveform read from is fT = Bikkyo F'. ----Represented by one set of swords.

In this way, an electronic musical instrument that obtains musical tones by reading out a waveform memory in which musical sound waveforms are stored using frequency information values corresponding to pressed keys is known, for example, from Tokuka Sho 48-4196.
Since it is explained in detail in the specification of No. 4 (Samurai Kaisho No. 49-130213), detailed explanation regarding this part will be omitted. In this embodiment, the automatic performance is to generate the sound of the pressed keys on the lower keyboard, which is the accompaniment keyboard, while automatically changing the octave at predetermined time intervals T, as shown in Fig. 2a. The pitch of the musical tone is the pitch of the pressed key (0
) to 1 octave (11), 2 octave (12),
3 octaves (13)...Sequentially shift higher by 1 octave, and then move up to the specified octave (Figure 2 a).
In the example above, when the pitch reaches 3 octaves), the pitch falls from that octave to 2 octaves (12), 1 octave (11), and so on in the opposite direction, returning to the pitch of the key pressed (0). , repeat this.

When a plurality of keys are pressed on the lower keyboard, the above-mentioned automatic alvegio performance is performed corresponding to each pressed key (see FIG. 2b). Such sound production control, that is, automatic accompaniment for the pressed keys on the lower keyboard, is performed by the shift operation of the shift circuit 4 and the envelope waveform generation of the envelope waveform generator 9 in the channel to which the pressed keys (key data KD) of the lower keyboard are assigned. This is done by controlling motion. A shift circuit 4 inserted between the frequency information storage device 3 and the accumulator 6 appropriately shifts the binary bit position of the frequency information value F output from the frequency information storage device 3 in accordance with the octave control signal OC. It is configured as follows.

If the octave control signal OC does not instruct to change the octave, the shift circuit 4 supplies the frequency information value F to the accumulator 6 as it is as the value F'(F'=F). When the octave control signal OC instructs to change the octave, the frequency information value F is doubled, quadrupled, or eight times the value F'(F' = Alternatively, it is supplied to the accumulator 6 after being changed to a mountain or a spot). Converting the numerical value F into a double, quadruple, or eight times value in the shift circuit 4 means that the frequency (f,) of the musical waveform read from the waveform memory 7 is This means to double, quadruple, or eight times the pitch, which means that the pitch of the musical tone being sounded is changed one, two, or three octaves higher. Therefore, automatic accompaniment as shown in FIG. 2a is possible by sequentially changing the contents of the octave control signal OC every time interval T during the channel time to which the pressed key of the lower keyboard is assigned. The automatic accompaniment control device 13 inputs the lower keyboard signal LE output from the key assigner 2 in synchronization with the time of the channel to which the pressed key (key data KD) of the lower keyboard is assigned, and outputs the lower keyboard signal LE in synchronization with the time of the channel to which the pressed key (key data KD) of the lower keyboard is assigned, It generates an octave control signal OC, and also generates one automatic accompaniment tone generation timing pulse ARP at every predetermined time interval T (see FIG. 2).

Note that the lower keyboard signal LE is formed based on the keyboard codes K2 and KI of the key date KD;
The signal LE becomes "1" corresponding to the channel "1" (see Table 1) where KI indicates the lower keyboard. Also, the automatic accompaniment tone generation timing pulse ARP is converted to the attack start pulse via the OR circuit 48. V is supplied as ASP to the envelope waveform generator 9, thereby forming an envelope waveform starting from an attack every time a sound timing pulse ARP is generated in the channel related to the lower keyboard.A specific example of the configuration of the automatic accompaniment control device 13 is It is shown in Figure 3.

In FIG. 3, a synchronization circuit 36 receives the tempo clock output from the tempo clock oscillator 12 of FIG. Input the tempo clock rC and change only its pulse width to 12 channel time (12 ms) without changing the frequency of this tempo clock rC.
The converted tempo clock TCL is sent to the sound timing counter 2 via the band gate 37.
4 is added to the carry input CI of adder 27a. The sound generation timing counter 24 measures the above-mentioned time interval T (see Figure 2) in automatic accompaniment for each channel by counting the tempo clock TCL, and temporarily calculates the 3-bit count value of each channel. 12-stage shift registers 26a to 26e corresponding to the number of channels to be stored, and a tempo clock T to this count value.
It is provided with adders 27a to 27c for adding CL and AND gates 25a to 25c for clearing the counted value, and is configured to be able to count the tempo clock TCL in a time-division manner for each channel. In this case, the counter 24
has a 3-bit configuration, so every time the tempo clock TCL is counted 8 times, the carry output of the adder 27c is changed from ○ to ''
1". That is, the counter 24 divides the tempo clock TOL by 1/8 to form the signal C, and the period of this signal C is equal to the above-mentioned time interval T.
represents. This carry signal C is delayed by 12 channel times in a 12-stage shift register 49 and then sent out as an automatic accompaniment tone generation timing signal ARP. By the way, the output of the AND gate 17 is applied to the other input of the AND gate 37 to which the tempo clock TCL is applied.

A signal obtained by inverting the lower keyboard signal LE and decay start signal DS outputted from the key assigner 2 by an inverter 16 is applied to the AND gate 17. As mentioned above, the decay start signal DS is a signal that becomes "1" when the key assigned to the channel is pressed.
Therefore, the AND gate 17 outputs a "1" signal while the pressed key of the lower keyboard is being pressed (DS is "0") at the time of the channel to which the pressed key is assigned (LE is "1"). Output. Even for the channel times related to the upper keyboard and pedal keyboard, and the channels related to the lower keyboard, the condition of the AND gate 17 is not satisfied at the time of the keyed channel, and no "1" signal is sent out. The "1" signal output from the AND gate 17 indicates the channel on which automatic accompaniment is to be performed. As a result, the AND gate 37 to which the tempo clock TCL is applied can operate only during the time of the channel related to the lower keyboard and the channel where the key is currently being pressed (the channel on which automatic accompaniment should be performed), and the tempo clock TCL is added to the sound timing counter. Add to 24. Therefore, the sound generation timing counter 24 counts the tempo clock TCL only in the channel where automatic accompaniment is to be performed. Further, the output signal of the AND gate 17 is transmitted to the clear signal generation circuit 18.
A shift register 19 with 12 stages (corresponding to the number of channels) and two AND gates are added.

The shift register 19 converts the output signal of the AND gate 17 into 1
The two channels are outputted with a time delay, and the output signal is inverted by an inverter 21 and applied to an AND gate 20. Therefore, when the output signal of the shift register 19 is "0" and the output signal of the AND gate 17 is "1" at each channel time, that is, the output signal of the AND gate 17 changes from "0" to "1". ”, a “1” signal is output in synchronization with the channel time. In other words, when a new key is pressed on the lower keyboard and the pressed key is assigned to any channel, the AND gate 20 outputs "1" in synchronization with the time of that channel.
”The signal will be output once.AND gate 20
The output signal is sent to the inverter 23 via the OR gate 22.
The clear signal CR is inputted to and inverted to become the clear signal CR. This clear signal CR is applied to AND gates 25a to 25c of the sound generation timing counter 24. As a result, the AND gates 25a to 25c become inactive during the channel time when the clear signal CR becomes "0" (the output signal of the AND gate 20 becomes "1"), and set the count value related to the channel to "0". clear. Therefore, the counter 24
When the pressed key on the lower keyboard is assigned a new channel,
At the beginning of the allocation, the count value of the channel (the channel on which automatic accompaniment is to be performed) is cleared to "0", and then the tempo clock TCL added via the AND gate 37 is counted in the channel, and the time interval T
Start measuring. The octave storage circuit 28 stores the octave position of the automatic accompaniment tone currently being produced.
It has 12 storage locations corresponding to the number of channels in order to store the octave position of the automatic accompaniment tone currently being produced in each channel where automatic accompaniment is to be performed.

The octave storage circuit 28 in this embodiment has 12 stages corresponding to the number of channels that temporarily stores the octave position of each channel represented by 2 bits so that it can store an octave position that is up to 3 octaves away from the octave of the pressed key. Shift registers 30a and 30b,
It is equipped with adders 31, 32 for adding "11" or "11" to the memory contents of each channel, and AND gates 29a, 29b for clearing the memory contents of each channel by a clear signal CR. .

After the memory content of each channel is cleared by the clear signal CR regarding its own channel,
It is updated every time interval T mentioned above.

The signal for updating is the carry input terminal C of the adder 31.
I and an addition input terminal B of the adder 32 from an octave change/up/down change command generation circuit 44.

Here, if the input signal x of the carry input terminal CI of the adder 31 and the input signal of the addition input terminal B of the adder 32 are y, then under the condition that the clear signal CR is not generated, the output signal of the shift register 30a Since the signal is fed back to the addition input terminal A of the adder 31 via the AND gate 29a, and the output signal of the shift register 30b is fed back to the addition input terminal A of the adder 32 via the AND gate 29b,
When input signals of x = "1" and y = "0" are given, the memory contents are updated by "11" each time, and 0, 1, 2, 3 (10
(displayed in digits).

That is, the stored contents are updated in an increasing direction. Also, x
When an input signal of ="1" and y="1" is given, the stored contents are updated by "1" each time and change sequentially to 3, 2, 1, 0 (IQ Hayabusa display).

That is, the stored contents are updated in a decreasing direction. The output signals of the adders 31 and 32 of this octave storage circuit 28 are as follows:
After being converted into a quaternary signal in the binary/quaternary conversion circuit 38, "0" . It is supplied as an octave control signal OC for performing an octave shift of "10 IJ""12" and "13". Therefore, by controlling the signal x applied to the carry input terminal CI of the adder 31 and the signal y applied to the addition input terminal B of the adder 32, the octave of the sound of the pressed key can be changed from the octave of the pressed key to 3 octaves above. Can be shifted within a range.

The up/down storage circuit 32 stores the octave movement direction of each self-accompaniment tone currently being produced, and stores the 12-stage shift register 3 corresponding to each channel.
4, an adder 35 to which an octave movement direction switching signal from up to down or an octave movement direction switching signal from down to up is inputted to the carry input terminal CI, and the memory contents are cleared by the above-mentioned clear signal CR. The AND gate 33 is also provided. In this up-down storage circuit 32, when moving the automatic accompaniment tone to a higher octave, a logic "1" signal is stored as an up signal, and in the opposite case, a logic "0" signal is stored as a down signal. be done. To switch from an up signal to a down signal, the octave position of the automatic accompaniment tone is determined by the octave set signal O output from encoder 1 in Figure 1.
This is performed by the octave change/up/down change command generation circuit 44 when the octave position specified by S2 is reached. Further, the switching from the down signal to the up signal is performed by the circuit 44 when the octave position of the automatic accompaniment tone becomes "0". The output signal of this up-down storage circuit 32 is used as a condition signal for updating the memory contents of the circuit 32 and the octave storage circuit 28, and is used by the octave change/up-down change command generation circuit 4.
It has been returned to 4. Note that the up/down storage circuit 32
When the storage contents are cleared by the clear signal CR, a logic "0" signal, that is, a down signal is stored.

The coincidence circuit 43 receives the octave set signal OS2 output from the encoder 11 in FIG. 1 and the octave storage circuit 2.
8, and when they match, that is, when the octave movement position of the automatic accompaniment tone has reached the octave position specified by the octave set signal OS2, a match signal EC is output. The coincidence signal EC is supplied to an octave change/up/down change command generation circuit 44.

Note that the NOR gate 42 inputs the output signals of the shift registers 30a and 30b of the octave storage circuit 28 and detects that the octave position of the automatic accompaniment is "0 octave"; It is supplied to the change/up-down change command generation circuit 44, and is supplied to the octave storage circuit 28 and the up-down storage circuit 32.
This signal is used as a condition signal for updating the stored contents.
The octave change/up/down change command generation circuit 44 receives the output signal C of the sound generation timing counter 24, the output signal ARP of the shift register 49, and the octave storage circuit 2.
The memory contents of 8, the memory contents of the up-down memory circuit 32,
The contents of the octave storage circuit 28 and the up/down storage circuit 32 are updated based on the output signal EC of the coincidence circuit 43 and the output signal of the NOR gate 42, and the AND gates 45a to 45d, the OR gates 46 and 47, and the inverters 48a to 48c are updated. We are prepared.

The AND gate 45a has a coincidence signal EC of "0", an output signal of the up-down storage circuit 32 of "1" (that is, an up signal), and an output signal of the shift register 49 (automatic accompaniment tone generation timing pulse) ARP of "1". “Logic when”
Outputs a 1” signal.

This logic "1" signal is supplied via the OR gate 47 to the carry input terminal CI of the adder 31 in the octave storage circuit 28. That is, if the output signal of the up-down storage circuit 32 indicates an up signal in a state where the octave movement position of the automatic accompaniment tone has not reached the octave position specified by the octave set signal OS2, the AND gate 45a determines that Every time the output signal ARP of the shift register 49, which is the signal C of the time interval T delayed by 12 channel times (12 peaks), is generated, a signal is sent to update the stored contents of the octave storage circuit 28 by "11".
The AND gate 45b indicates that the output signal of the /I gate 42 is “
0”, the output signal of the up-down storage circuit 32 is “0” (
That is, when the output signal ARP of the shift register 49 is "1", a logic "1" signal is output.

This logic "1" signal is supplied to the addition input terminal B of the adder 32 in the octave storage circuit 28 and also supplied to the carry input terminal CI of the adder 31 via the OR gate 47. That is, the AND gate 45b detects that either of the 2-bit output signals of the memory circuit 28 is "1".
If the output signal of the up-down memory circuit 32 indicates a down signal, each time the output signal ARP of the shift register 49 is generated, the stored contents of the octave memory circuit 28 are The AND gate 45c outputs a match signal EC outputted from the match circuit 43 as "1", an output signal of the up-down memory circuit 32 as "1" (that is, an up signal), and an output of the sound generation timing counter 24. Logic “1” when signal C is “1”
Outputs the signal.

This logic "1" signal is supplied to the carry input terminal CI of the adder 35 in the up-down storage circuit 32 via the OR gate 46. That is, the band gate 45c
If the octave movement position of the automatic accompaniment tone reaches the octave position specified by the octave set signal OS2 while the output signal of the up-down storage circuit 32 indicates an up signal, the up-down storage circuit 32
A signal is sent out in synchronization with signal C to switch the up signal at signal C to a down signal (logic "0"). The AND gate 45d outputs a logic "1" signal when the output signal of the NOR gate 42 is "1", the output signal of the up-down storage circuit 32 is "0", and the output signal C of the sound generation timing counter 24 is "1". Output. This logic "1" signal is sent to the carry input terminal CI of the adder 35 via the OR gate 46.
supplied to That is, the AND gate 45d determines that the stored content of the octave storage circuit 28 is "0" when the output signal of the up-down storage circuit 32 indicates a down signal.
When the sound generation timing counter 24 generates the signal C when the octave position is reached, the stored contents of the up-down memory circuit 32 are changed from the down signal to the up signal (logic "1").
”).Here, if the octave set signal OS2 specifies, for example, an octave shift amount of 3 octaves, the octave shift operation on a certain channel where automatic accompaniment is to be performed is as follows. become.

That is, with the new assignment to the channel, the clear signal CR (“0”) is generated at the beginning of the assignment, and the octave storage circuit 28 and the up/down storage circuit 32
The memory contents regarding the corresponding channel are cleared.

Therefore, the memory content of the octave storage circuit 28 is "00".
1, indicating the octave of the pressed key. After that, after T time has elapsed, the tempo clock TCL is set to 1 from the sound generation timing counter 24 at the corresponding channel time.
When the signal C divided by /8 is generated, the AND gate 45d
The AND condition is satisfied, and the logic “1” is output from the gate 45d.
A signal is sent out. As a result, the stored contents of the up-down storage circuit 32 regarding the channel are switched from the clear state (down signal state) to the up signal state. Thereafter, when the automatic accompaniment sound generation timing pulse ARP is sent from the shift register 49 at the channel time delayed by 12 channel times, the AND condition of the AND gate 45a is satisfied, and a logic "1" signal is output from the gate 45a. Sent out. As a result, the octave memory circuit 2
The stored content regarding channel No. 8 is "01" (binary representation), that is, indicates an octave position one octave higher than the octave of the pressed key. Then further T
When the signal C is generated again at the corresponding channel time after a period of time has elapsed, and the sound generation timing pulse ARP is generated 12 channel times later than the signal C, the AND gate 4
The AND condition of 5a is satisfied again, and the octave storage circuit 2
The memory content regarding the channel of 8 is updated to "1" (binary representation). In other words, it indicates an octave position that is two octaves higher than the octave of the pressed key. Then, at the channel time when T time has further elapsed, When the third signal C occurs, the octave memory circuit 2
The stored content regarding the corresponding channel of 8 is updated to the content of "11" (binary representation) indicating the 3-octave shift position, but this content indicating the 3-octave shift position is input to the coincidence circuit 43 after a time delay of channel 12. Ru. At this time, an octave set signal 062 of "11" designating a three-octave movement amount is input to one input of the matching circuit 43. Therefore, the coincidence signal EC is output from the coincidence circuit 43. This coincidence signal EC is supplied to the input of the AND gate 45c, and an AND condition with the output signal of the up-down memory circuit 32 and the output signal C of the sound generation timing counter 24 is determined, but at this time, the signal C has already disappeared. Therefore, the AND condition of the AND gate 45c is not satisfied.

However, when the corresponding channel time has elapsed for a further T time with the coincidence signal EC being generated, the signal C is generated again, so the AND gate 45c sends out a signal of logic "1". As a result, the memory contents of the up-down storage circuit 32 regarding the channel are changed from the current value "1" to "1".
Since 1” is newly added, it becomes “0”. In other words,
The stored contents of the up/down storage circuit 32 regarding the channel are switched to a down signal. This down signal is fed back to the AND gate 45b via the inverter 48c after 12 channels of time has elapsed, but at this time, the sound generation timing pulse ARP, which is the signal C delayed by 12 channels of time, is input from the shift register 49 to the AND gate 45b. Ru. Therefore, a signal of logic "1" is outputted from the AND gate 45b in synchronization with the sound generation timing pulse ARP. As a result, the memory content of the octave storage circuit 28 regarding the channel changes from "11" to "1" at a time.
In other words, the content is updated to indicate an octave position one octave lower. Accordingly, the coincidence signal EC becomes a "0" signal after 12 channel times. Thereafter, when the sound generation timing counter 24 generates the signal C at the corresponding channel time after T time has elapsed, the octave storage circuit 2
The memory content regarding the channel of No. 8 becomes "01", and when T time has further elapsed, it becomes "0" and returns to the state at the beginning of the technique.

Such operations are repeated while the key assigned to the channel is pressed.

As a result, the stored contents of the octave storage circuit 28 regarding the channel are "00'', "01", "10",
It increases every T time intervals like "1r", and after reaching the octave position specified by the octave set signal OS2, it increases from "11" to "1", "01", "0" and so on at T time intervals. Each time, it decreases sequentially and returns to the initial state, and this process is repeated thereafter. Therefore, the output of this octave storage circuit 28 is converted to 0, 1 in the binary/quaternary conversion circuit 38.
．． It changes to a 4-digit signal of 2 and 3, and this is sent to the AND gate 39.
If gates a to 39d are gated by the signal output from the AND gate 17, the "1" signals output from the AND gates 39a to 39d will be "0 octave" and "11 octave", respectively. , "12 octaves" and "13 octaves" are the octave control signals OC for performing octave shifts.

In addition, in the channel where automatic accompaniment is not performed, the output signal of the fund gate 17 is "0" as described above, and the output signals of the AND gates 39a to 39d are all "0". The output signal becomes "1", and an octave control signal OC of "0 octave" is outputted via the OR gate 40, that is, an octave control signal OC that does not change the octave of the pressed key. In FIG. 1, the shift circuit 4 supplies the frequency number F to the accumulator 6 as it is when the output signal of the AND gate 39a is "1".

Further, when the output signal of the AND gate 39b is "1", the frequency number F is shifted by one bit in the direction of the upper bit, shifted to a frequency number F' that is one octave higher, and is coupled to the accumulator 6. Furthermore, when the output signal of the AND gate 39c is "1", the frequency number F is shifted by 2 bits toward the upper bits, and the frequency number F' is 2 octaves higher.
The signal is shifted to and supplied to the accumulator 6. Further, when the output signal of the AND gate 39d is "1", the frequency number F is shifted by 3 bits in the direction of the upper bits, shifted to a frequency number F' that is 3 octaves higher, and is supplied to the accumulator 6. As a result, the octave of the pressed keys on the lower keyboard changes as shown in FIG. 2, and automatic accompaniment is performed.

Note that the automatic accompaniment control device 13 receives a rhythm stop signal RST of “1” from an automatic rhythm signal generation device 15, which will be described later.
is input to the OR gate 22, the clear signal C of “0”
R occurs and the operation is stopped.

Now, in this embodiment, when using the automatic accompaniment function alone, the octave movement amount of the automatic accompaniment tone is determined by connecting the movable contact a of the automatic accompaniment/octave movement amount setting switch 10 to the fixed contacts b2, b3, and Q of FIG. Set by connecting to either.

In the automatic accompaniment/octave movement amount setting switch 10, a signal "1" is supplied to the movable contact a, and the fixed contacts b2 to b
The output signal OSIa of 4 is the input device 11 of encoder 1 1
a to 11c and converted into a 2-bit octave set signal 062, and then supplied to the automatic accompaniment control device 13 to set the octave shift amount of the automatic accompaniment tone. The fixed contacts Q to b4 of this switch 10 are weighted by octave movement amounts of 1, 2, and 3 octaves, respectively. On the other hand, when using the automatic accompaniment function and automatic rhythm performance function at the same time, the setting switch 1
By connecting the movable contact a of 0 to a fixed straw point and supplying the output signal of the fixed contact q to the rhythm select device 14, the octave movement amount of the automatic accompaniment tone can be determined by the octave set signal output from the contacts Q to L. Instead, the OS is set by the octave set signal OS,b output from the rhythm select device 14. In this case, the octave set signal OS,b has content indicating an octave shift amount such that the phrases of the rhythm performance and accompaniment selected by the rhythm select device 14 match. next,
The configurations of the rhythm selection device 14 and the automatic rhythm signal generation counterfeit 15 will be explained. Rhythm select device 14
When you select one of the predetermined rhythms such as samba, waltz, march, bossa nova, and slow rock, it automatically generates a rhythm sound control signal SRC of the rhythm pattern corresponding to the selected rhythm. When the movable contact a of the switch 10 shown in FIG. It outputs signals GS and b, and is configured as shown in FIG. 4, for example. In this case, the rhythm sound control signal SRC is one selected from a plurality of types of rhythm pattern signals R generated by the automatic rhythm signal generating device 15 using the rhythm selection switch. Fourth
In the figure, the rhythm selection bag 14 is provided with a plurality of pushbutton switches for selecting rhythms such as Sun/Z, Waltz, March, Posa//Z, Piggin, and Slow Rock.

These pushbutton switches include a plurality of switches 57, 60, 61 that operate in conjunction with each other in each group arranged in the vertical direction in FIG.
have. The switch 57 receives multiple types of rhythm pattern signals R supplied from the automatic rhythm signal generator 15.
This is for selecting one of the rhythm pattern signals RPS that corresponds to a selected rhythm from M, and sending it back to the automatic rhythm signal generator 15 as a rhythm sound control signal SRC.

In addition, when waltz and slow rock, which are IJ rhythms with 6 switches or 3 beats, are selected, the counter 5 (described later)
5 (FIG. 5) is short-circuited to supply a triple beat signal to the matrix circuit 56 (FIG. 5). The switch 61 is for outputting an octave set signal OS, b indicating the amount of octave movement of the automatic accompaniment tone suitable for the selected rhythm, and the common contact is connected to the fixed contact q of the switch 10 in FIG. When the output signal is output, the output of the normally open contact is connected in a predetermined combination and then supplied to the encoder 11 of FIG. 1 as a 3-bit octave set signal OS,b. Here, the encoder 11 in FIG.
A 3-bit octave set signal OS, (OS.a
or OS, b) to generate a 2-bit octave set signal 062 as shown in Table 3 below. According to Table 3, the switch 6 facing each rhythm in Figure 4
As is clear from the connection diagram of the normally open contact outputs 1a to 61f, for example, when samba is selected, the switch 61a closes and the octave set signal OS, (OS, b) becomes "1".
0pi and "1" to input terminal 1 1c of encoder 11
When the signal is supplied and the octave movement amount of "3 octaves" is set, and the waltz is selected, switch 6 is set.
1b is closed and the octave set signal OS, (OS, b)
becomes “010” and the input terminal 11b of the encoder 11
A "1" signal is supplied to set an octave movement amount of "2 octaves", so that the phrases of the accompaniment sound and the rhythm performance sound match.

Next, the automatic rhythm signal generator 15 connects the rhythm signal RS to the sound system 8 in accordance with the rhythm sound control signal SRC supplied from the rhythm select device 14, and selects and sets the rhythm signal in the rhythm select device 14. It generates rhythm sounds, and is configured as shown in FIG. 5, for example.

The automatic rhythm signal generator 15 operates while any key on the lower keyboard is pressed, and stops when all keys are released.

Then, the rhythm stop signal RST, which controls the operation of the automatic accompaniment control device 13, is set to "1" to stop the operation of the device 13. Therefore, this automatic rhythm signal generator 15
In order to determine whether any key on the lower keyboard is being pressed, the lower keyboard signal LE and the daylight start signal D are used.
S is input from key assigner 2. In FIG. 5, an inverter 49, an AND gate 50, a shift register 51, an OR gate 52, a delay flip-flop 53,
The part consisting of the AND gate 54 is for detecting whether any key is pressed on the lower keyboard. ``The signal is output as DC.

Additionally, when any key is pressed anew from a state in which all keys have been released, a signal indicating that the lower keyboard has changed to a pressed key state changes from the state with no pressed keys to the pressed key state. It is output from the band gate 54 every time it changes. That is, an AND signal of the lower keyboard signal LE and a signal obtained by inverting the decay start signal DS by the inverter 49 is inputted to the 12-stage shift register 51 from the AND gate 50.

Therefore, the "1" signal from the AND gate 50 is stored in the stage of the shift register 51 corresponding to the channel to which the divine pressure key of the lower keyboard is assigned. The output signals of each stage of the shift register 51 are supplied to an OR gate 52. For this reason, the number of keys pressed on the lower keyboard is 1.
As long as the OR gate 52 is assigned to one of the two channels, that is, as long as any key on the lower keyboard is pressed, the OR gate 52 continues to send out the "1" signal in the form of direct current. The output signal of this OR gate 52 is sent to the inverter 62 and the AND gate 58 as a lower keyboard pressed key signal.
A delay flip-flop that is supplied with V to a to 58f and detects the rising edge of the pressed key signal. 53 and an AND gate 54. When the delay flip-flop 53 receives the pressed key signal from the OR gate 52, it delays the signal by one bit time (one period of the clock pulse ◇), inverts the signal, and supplies it to one input of the AND gate 54.

The other input of the AND gate 54 receives the pressed key signal as it is. Therefore, in the AND gate 54, the AND condition is satisfied only for 1 bit time after the pressed key signal is generated, and "1" of 1 bit time is satisfied.
A signal is output. In other words, a 1-bit time "1" signal is generated only at the timing when the state of the lower keyboard changes from the state with no pressed key to the state with the pressed key. this''
The 1'' signal is coupled to a counter 55, which will be described later, as a reset signal. The counter 55 counts up every time the tempo clock TCL sent from the synchronization circuit 36 shown in FIG. 3 is supplied, and supplies the count output to the matrix circuit 56 to generate the rhythm pattern signal R. The rhythm pattern signal R is supplied to a rhythm select switch 57 as shown in FIG. 4, where it is selected in accordance with a desired rhythm selection and then sent back as a rhythm sound control signal SRC. Note that the counter 55 is reset by the output signal of the above-mentioned AND gate 54. The rhythm sound control signal SRC is supplied to AND gates 58a to 58f, matches the output signal of the OR gate 52, and generates a rhythm sound tone on the condition that any key is pressed on the lower keyboard. generator 59
a to 59f, respectively.

The tone generators 59a to 59f each produce different percussion sounds, such as bass drum, maracas, snare drum,
It is configured in advance to generate musical tone signals for musical instruments such as cymbals, congas, and cravass. Therefore, the rhythm pattern selection switch 57 (FIG. 4) selects a rhythm and a percussion instrument sound corresponding to this rhythm. The output signals of the tone generators 59a to 59f selected in this manner or driven in accordance with the rhythm are collectively supplied as a rhythm green signal RS to the sound system 8 shown in FIG. 1, where they are produced as a rhythm sound. Note that when all the keys on the lower keyboard are released and the output signal of the OR gate 52 becomes "0", the AND gates 58a to 58f become inactive and the automatic rhythm performance stops, and the output signal RST of the inverter 62 becomes "0". “1
” becomes.

The output signal RST of this inverter 62 is supplied to the OR gate 22 in FIG. Therefore, the signal RST is “
When it becomes “1”, the clear signal CR in Fig. 3 becomes “0”.
Therefore, the sound generation timing counter 24, the octave storage circuit 28, and the up/down storage circuit 32 are held in a clear state, and the operation for automatic accompaniment is stopped. In the above-described embodiments, only the case where the present invention is applied to an electronic musical instrument using a waveform memory reading method in which a musical tone signal is obtained by reading out a waveform memory in which one period of a desired musical waveform is stored according to key press information will be described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and it goes without saying that similar effects can be obtained even when applied to electronic musical instruments using other methods such as a synthesizer method. As explained above, the electronic musical instrument according to the present invention is configured to set the octave movement amount of the automatic accompaniment device in conjunction with the rhythm selection of the automatic rhythm device. This has an excellent effect of ensuring that the phrase matches the rhythm performance of the device and making the performance expression natural.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an outline of the electronic musical instrument according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing octave changes of automatic accompaniment sounds, and FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing a specific example of the automatic accompaniment control device shown in FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing a specific example of the rhythm select device shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing a specific example of the automatic rhythm signal generating device shown in FIG. 1. 1... Keyboard section, 2... Key Asina,
3... Frequency information storage device, 4... Shift circuit, 6... Accumulator, 7...
...Waveform memory, 8...Sound system, 9
...Envelope waveform generator, 10...
・Auto accompaniment ・Octave movement setting switch, 11...
Encoder, 12... Tempo clock oscillator, 13...
... Automatic accompaniment control device, 14 ... Rhythm selection device, 15 ... Automatic rhythm signal generation device, 57 ... Rhythm pattern selection switch. Figure 2: Ship diagram, size of ship, mountain bran

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. It has an automatic accompaniment device that produces musical tones corresponding to the keys pressed on the keyboard section over a plurality of octave ranges while sequentially changing the octave, and a rhythm selection means for selecting the type of rhythm, and the rhythm selection means selects the type of rhythm. In an electronic musical instrument equipped with an automatic rhythm device that produces rhythm tones in accordance with a rhythm, an octave range setting device automatically sets an octave range in the automatic accompaniment device to an optimal value in response to a rhythm selection by the rhythm selection device. An electronic musical instrument characterized by being provided with.