JPS60233452A - Solar heat collector - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To raise the reliability and safety of a compressor by preventing the back flow of liquid to the compressor by a method in which the first parallel circuit is made up of the first throttle device and the first valve, and a heat collector is made up of the second parallel circuit consisting of the first heat exchanger, the second throttle device, and the second valve and the second heat exchanger. CONSTITUTION:In the case of heating operations to supply hot water in the winter season, the first valve 9 is opened and the second valve 13 is closed. High- temperature and high-pressure refrigerant compressed in the compressor 1 is heat-exchanged with a water heater 6 in the condenser 3 and condensed, and the condensed refrigerant is expanded under reduced pressures in the second throttle device 12 through the valve 9 and the first heat exchanger 11, vaporized in the second heat exchanger 12, and becomes a superheated gas of low pressures which turns to the compressor 1. Since frosting is occurred during the low open air temperature period, defrosting is made by switching a four-way valve 2 when the frosting advances to some extent. Even when frost is partly left on the lower part of the heat collector 5, since the lower part of the collector 5 is the first heat exchanger 11, high-temperature liquid refrigerant flows to thaw frost left behind.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a heat collecting device that utilizes natural energy such as solar heat.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventional Structures and Problems The structure shown in FIG. 1 has been known as a solar heat collection device that utilizes natural energy such as solar heat and atmospheric heat. In Figure 1, compressor 1, four-way valve 2
, a condenser a, a throttling device 4, and a heat collector 5 are successively connected to form a heat pump cycle. A water circuit is constructed by sequentially connecting a water heater 6, a water circulation pump 7, a hot water storage tank 8, etc., which are in a heat exchange relationship with the condenser 3.

In the above configuration, the hot water supply heating operation will be explained. The refrigerant compressed by the compressor 1 passes through the west valve 2, exchanges heat with the water heater 6 in the condenser 3, and is condensed. At this time, water heating is performed. Further, this condensed refrigerant is expanded in the throttling device 4, evaporated in the heat collector 5, and returned to the compressor 1 through the four-way valve 2. However, in winter, the heat collector 6
If the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant is low, frost will grow on the outer surface of the heat collector 5. When frost builds up to a certain extent, the four-way valve 2 is switched to protect the compressor 1.
Defrost. The high-temperature refrigerant compressed by the compressor 1 passes through the four-way valve 2, exchanges heat with the heat collector 5, and condenses.

At this time, melt the frost that has adhered to the outer surface of the heat collector. This condensed refrigerant returns to the compressor 1 through the throttling device 4, condenser 3, and four-way valve 2. This type of frost occurs during the winter.

Defrosting operation is performed repeatedly. However, when defrosting,
All of the frost attached to the heat collector 5 cannot be removed and remains at the bottom of the heat collector 5. This tendency is especially strong when it snows, because the heat collector is piled up and the defrosting load increases. Therefore, while frosting and defrosting are repeated,
The amount of frost that remains unmelted by defrosting increases, and eventually, during heat collection operation, the refrigerant is not completely evaporated in the collector 5, and some of the refrigerant is returned to the compressor 1 as a liquid, causing problems in the reliability of the compressor. There was a problem with durability.

Purpose of the Invention The present invention solves these conventional problems, and aims to provide a solar heat collection device that solves the problems of compressor reliability and safety in winter. .

Structure of the Invention In order to achieve this object, the present invention has a structure in which a part of the heat collector is used as a sub-condenser during the winter season.

This configuration ensures the reliability and durability of the compressor during the winter.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. In FIG. 2, the first throttling device 4 and the first on-off valve 9 constitute a first parallel circuit 10, and the heat collector 5 is connected to the first heat exchanger 11 and the second throttling valve. Device 12 and second on-off valve 13
and a second heat exchanger 15. Note that the same members as in FIG. 1 are given the same numbers.

Moreover, FIG. 3 is an enlarged view showing the positional relationship between the heat collector 5 and the first parallel circuit 1o. 16 is a fin. The first heat exchanger 11 is located at the bottom of the heat collector 5.

In the above configuration, hot water heating operation in winter will be explained. In this case, the first on-off valve 9 is opened and the second on-off valve 13 is closed. In this way, the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant compressed by the compressor 1 passes through the four-way valve 2 to the condenser 3.
It exchanges heat with the water heater 6 and condenses. This condensed high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant passes through the first on-off valve 9 and the first heat exchanger 11, is depressurized and expanded in the second throttling device 12, and further
It evaporates in the heat exchanger 12 and returns to the compressor 1 as a low-pressure superheated gas. When the outside temperature is low, frost forms as described in the conventional example, so when frost has progressed to a certain extent, the four-way valve 2 is switched to defrost. During this defrosting process, even if the frost is not completely melted and remains at the bottom of the heat collector 5, the trap may be removed as explained above.
During hot water heating operation, the lower part of the heat collector 5 is connected to the first heat exchanger 1.
1, the high-temperature liquid refrigerant flows, and the remaining frost that has not completely melted is melted by defrosting that has adhered to the lower part of the heat collector 5.

Next, the hot water heating operation in the intermediate season and summer season will be explained. In this season, frost does not form during hot water heating operation, so
The first on-off valve 9 is closed and the second on-off valve 13 is opened. Since this case is similar to that of the conventional example, a description of the flow of the refrigerant will be omitted.

In this way, in the middle season and summer season, the heat collector 5
can be used effectively.

Effects of the Invention The solar heat collecting device of the present invention has a compressor, a condenser, a first
In a refrigerant circuit formed by sequentially connecting a throttling device and a heat collector, the first throttling device and a first on-off valve constitute a first parallel circuit, and further, the heat collector Heat exchanger,
A second parallel circuit consisting of a second throttling device and a second on-off valve, and a second heat exchanger, the first on-off valve is opened in winter, and the second on-off valve is Close the valve, interphase.

In the summer, the first on-off valve is closed and the second on-off valve is controlled to open, so the following effects can be obtained.

When heating hot water in winter, high-temperature refrigerant flows under the collector. Therefore, even if frosting and defrosting operations are performed, frost will not accumulate at the bottom of the heat collector, and liquid will not return to the compressor as in the case of conventional systems, so the compressor will always be It has the advantage that it can be used safely and has improved reliability and durability.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a configuration diagram showing a conventional solar heat collecting device, Figure 2
The figure is a block diagram of a solar heat collecting device showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged block diagram of the same heat collector. 1...Compressor, 3...Condenser, 4...
...First throttling device, 5... Heat collector, 9.
...First on-off valve, 10...First parallel circuit, 11...First heat exchanger, 12...
...Second throttle device, 13...Second on-off valve,
14... Second parallel circuit, 15... Second heat exchanger. Name of agent: Patent attorney Toshio Nakao and 1 other person No. 1
figure

Claims (1)

[Claims] A compressor, a condenser, a first throttling device, and a heat collector for collecting solar heat and atmospheric heat are connected in sequence, and the first throttling device and the first on-off valve constitute a first parallel circuit. Furthermore, the heat collector is composed of a first heat exchanger, a second parallel circuit consisting of a second throttling device and a second on-off valve, and a second heat exchanger, and During the summer season, the first on-off valve is opened and the second on-off valve is closed.
A solar heat collection device configured to control the opening and closing of the on-off valve.