JPS60208444A - Slant plate type compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a compressor providing a light slant plate having wear resistance and mechanical strength by using a material specifying the particle diameter and distribution state of primary and eutectic crystal Si particles in Al matrix of Al alloy containing high Si for the slant plate. CONSTITUTION:The slant plate type compressor converts the rotary motion of a shaft 2 to the sliding motion of a piston 6 by shoes 4 in contact with both side surfaces of the slant plate 3 attached to the shaft 2 in a crank case 1 and balls 5 inscribing in the shoes 4. Here, the plate 3 is formed of a material in which primary crystal Si particles of 40-80mu diameter cover the area of >=60% of that of whole primary crystal Si particles, and eutectic crystal Si particles of <=10mu diameter cover the area >=60% of that of whole eutectic crystal Si particles and these are distributed uniformly and respectively in the Al matrix in the alloy containing by weight 16-30% Si, 0.3-7.0% Cu, if necessary, 0.3-2.0% Mg and the balance Al.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to a swash plate compressor used for a car cooler.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, such a swash plate compressor has a swash plate (3) attached to a shaft (2) housed in a crankcase (1), and both surfaces of this swash plate. The piston (6) is arranged so as to be able to reciprocate by a ball (5) inscribed in the shoe (4) and the shoe (4), and thereby the shaft rotates at the same number of revolutions as the engine. The rotational motion of (2) is converted into a reciprocating motion of the piston (6) through one stroke of the swash plate (3) and the shoe (4), compressing the compressed medium in the cylinder (7). Therefore, in particular, the characteristics of the swash plate (3) are not only required to have high mechanical rigidity and fatigue strength in order to compress the screws (6), but also to have high mechanical rigidity and fatigue strength.
Friction between the shoe (4) and the shoe (4) may occur due to various reasons, such as insufficient supply of lubricating oil during startup, deterioration of the lubricity of warm oil due to high temperature in the engine room, and the force applied to the shoe when the piston is compressed. A high degree of abrasion resistance is observed because abrasion easily occurs.

Traditionally, the materials for the swash plate (3) include nickel-chromium steel, nickel-molybdenum steel, chromium-molybdenum steel, which are structural alloys with good mechanical rigidity, fatigue strength, and wear resistance.
Spheroidal graphite cast iron, #IIl cast iron, 1F4 construction carbon steel, etc. were commonly used.

(Problems with the Prior Art) However, in the conventional swash plate type compressor tree equipped with a swash plate made of the above-mentioned materials, the swash plate itself has a heavy tlffi, which accounts for about 1/3 of the total fill of the car air conditioner. This has been a major factor hindering the general demand for lighter compressors.

Moreover, the drive torque required to rotate the shaft (2) is large, which leads to problems such as short life.

Of course, in order to reduce the weight of the compressor, it is easy to think of using conventionally known aluminum alloy castings or die-casting products for the swash plate, but on the other hand, these have poor wear resistance and mechanical strength. This caused a problem.

(Object of the invention) This invention aims to solve the above problems. In other words, by using aluminum alloy as the material for the swash plate, we aim to reduce the weight of the compressor as a whole, and by improving the material quality through the aluminum alloy components and its alloy structure, it itself has extremely excellent wear resistance and strength. The purpose of this invention is to provide a swash plate type compressor equipped with a swash plate that has excellent load bearing capacity and is easy to manufacture due to improved ductility and machinability.

(4i4 composition of the invention) The material of the swash plate is silicon aluminum alloy with 3i in the C1 hypereutectic II region.
However, there is no general idea that the particle size and separation state of the primary 3i particles and eutectic Si particles in the aluminum 71-rix are controlled within a specific range.
More specifically, 3i is 16-30 wt% and Qu is 0.
Contains 3-7.0wt%, or further contains 0.3-7.0% Mal
7' aluminum alloy containing 2.0 wt%, the remainder being substantially aluminum, in which primary 3i particles with a grain size of 40 to 80 μm account for 60% of the area of the primary Si particles in the aluminum matrix of the alloy. % or more (uniformly distributed, and with a particle size of 10μ711 or less eutectic 3i)
Provides a swash plate compressor in which a swash plate is formed of a material in which particles occupy an area of 60% or more of all eutectic particles and are uniformly distributed. It is.

<Specific explanation and operation of the structure> The above-mentioned aluminum alloy used for the swash plate of the swash plate type compactor of the present invention is generally a cast metal alloy produced by the known vll operation. Some products are produced by further hot extruding the mass to control the structure within a specific range.

First, the reason for limiting the range of each component of the alloy used in the present invention will be explained as follows.

Si, the main additive element, is effective in improving the wear resistance of the alloy. Therefore, generally speaking, wear resistance is improved as the content of 1ffi in 3i increases, but Aρ used in this invention
The -3i alloy needs to contain a large amount of St in the hypereutectic region so that a relatively large number of primary Si particles are dispersed in the aluminum matrix. Therefore,
The Si content must be at least 15 wt % or more, and if it is less than 16 W[5], the material itself cannot provide the wear resistance necessary for the swash plate. The content of Si can be increased to a considerably large amount by selecting the manufacturing conditions of the alloy material in the range of 30W
If the content exceeds 18% by weight, casting becomes difficult and difficult, so anything less than that is acceptable, and the most preferred content is about 18 to 20% by weight.

C1 and M9 contribute to improving the strength of the alloy, and if Q is less than 3 wt%, it is not possible to impart a certain level of mechanical strength to the swash plate. However, when the CLI exceeds 7 wt%, the corrosion resistance deteriorates significantly. Also Mg is 2w
If it exceeds t%, the effect of 8d above will not be particularly enhanced, but rather coarse crystallized substances will be produced and the mechanical properties will be deteriorated. From the experimental results (q), the most suitable Cu content m is approximately 3 to 6 wt%, and the M9 content is 0.45 wt%.
It is about 0.65 wt%.

As other optional additive elements, preferably, for example, 3r
and/or P may be added.

All of these elements are equivalent in that they act as refining agents to refine primary Si particles during casting, and it is sufficient to contain at least one of them, but if each is less than 0.005 wt%, Poor in the above effects, 0.
Even if it exceeds 1 wt%, no particular increase in effect can be expected.

Furthermore, Ni can be used as another optional additive element.
, Fe, and Mn.

All of these elements effectively contribute to improving the heat resistance of the alloy, and in terms of this effect, they are all equivalent, and it is sufficient to contain at least one or two or more of them. If the component Q is less than 5wt%, the above effects are not likely to be realized, and if it exceeds 3tvt%, the machinability becomes extremely poor.

The alloy material according to the present invention having the above-mentioned component range is manufactured through a casting and extrusion process in order to control its structure within a specific range. That is, first, the above aluminum alloy is produced into an aluminum alloy ingot by melting and casting according to a conventional conventional method. The primary Si particles contained in the ingot obtained by this casting process are the Sr
Although it can be made finer to some extent by adding P and/or P, the particle size of J3 is still 100 μm.
There are still some Cs that are quite large overall, including some that reach nL. Moreover, the eutectic S1 particles are also quite large as a whole, including particles with a particle size of about 30 μm, and exhibit a sword-like shape.

Using a trowel, the ingot containing these relatively coarse primary and eutectic Si particles is further subjected to C-extrusion processing at a temperature of about 350 to 420°C. By this hot extrusion, a part of the coarse initial S1 particles contained in the alloy is destroyed, and most of the "C" grain size is in the range of 10 to 80 μm and 40 μm.
The above particles are refined to a range where they occupy an area ratio of 60% or more to the area of the primary 3i grains, and their distribution is made uniform, and the eutectic 3i grains are formed, and the cylindrical crystals are divided in the length direction. The ℃ shape is granulated, and this is almost lνdoJbeC.
It is defined as having a grain size of 15 μm or less, and the particles having a diameter of 10 μm or less occupy an area ratio of 60% or more of the entire eutectic Si particle surface. In the above, the term "totally" means that the above grains (including those outside the ¥ range) are allowed in extremely rare cases, but if favorable manufacturing conditions are adopted, the above grains may be allowed. In fact, primary Si particles and eutectic 3i particles that deviate from the diameter range may not be included at all.

Such preferable manufacturing conditions include, in particular, extrusion conditions such as billet temperature: 350 to 420°C, ram speed: 0.
03 to 0.2 n/min, extrusion: 10 to 40 J, and more preferably an extrusion die with a bearing length of 5 to 15 IIIR is used.

By the way, the reason why the particle size of the primary Si particles in the alloy structure is in the range of 40 to 80 μm as mentioned above and is limited to occupying an area ratio of 60% or more is because many particles are less than 40 μm. If it contains, the expected excellent wear resistance will be 1.
On the other hand, if it contains many coarse particles exceeding 80 μm, the distribution will be uneven and rough, increasing the variation in wear resistance and reducing machinability. be. In addition, the eutectic 3i particles have a particle size of 15μ
The reason why it is limited to containing 60% or more of particles of 10 μm or less in area ratio is that by controlling the particle size of the primary 3i particles within the above range, it is inevitably refined to the above range. This is because at least one eutectic 3i particle
If a large amount of coarse particles exceeding 5 μIn remain, it is expected that at least defects will occur in machinability, and therefore, on the other hand, the effect of improving machinability can be cited.

(Effects of the Invention) The swash plate type compressor according to the present invention has a swash plate made of a high-silicon aluminum alloy material having the composition and structure as described above. It has excellent abrasion resistance and excellent mechanical strength, so it has a water resistance rating of 1! As a whole while maintaining corrosion resistance, corrosion resistance, mechanical rigidity, etc.! ! Achieve assimilation and be satisfied.

Moreover, by reducing the weight of the swash plate, the driving torque can be reduced, and a swash plate compressor with excellent characteristics and greatly improved durability can be provided.

(Examples) Examples of the present invention will be shown below in Table 1. Regarding aluminum-based alloys having the compositions shown in Table 1 above,
In the non-invention month, the alloy was first melted and semi-continuously cast to produce Ui.
Wt￥] 120m5+ billet, and then this billet was extruded at a temperature of 415°C and an extrusion ram speed of 0.11/
The material was extruded into a round bar with a diameter of 30 mts under the conditions of min.

In the specimen obtained in the month of non-invention, the primary crystals contained in it were 3
The i particles belong to the particle size range of 10 to 80 μm, and the particles in the range of 40 to 80 μn are clearly all primary crystals.
It occupied an area ratio of 60% or more to the i particle area.

-) The eutectic 3i particles are refined, all of them are in the particle size range of at least 15 μIn, and 60% or more of the total area of the eutectic 81 particles is 10 μm or less. there were.

On the other hand, comparative material No. 5 is an AC8A alloy known as an aluminum alloy with excellent wear resistance, and a commercially available product thereof was used as a test piece.

The wear resistance and machinability of the above-mentioned various aluminum alloy materials were compared with as-cast billets with the same composition as in the present invention (4), and the results are shown in Table 2 below. there were.

Table 2 (Note 1): Wear resistance test was carried out using a super-type abrasion tester with a rotating disk, friction distance 1111: 600y7L, I@friction speed: 2m/w
The test was carried out under the following test conditions: (in, mating material + FC-30 LJIS).

N: L2): Cutting tool life is determined by a front cutting angle of 20 degrees, a simulated (deep angle: 10 degrees, front relief angle nearness, side relief angle nearness, front cutting edge angle: 8 degrees, side edge A carbide cutting tool with the following specifications: angle: 0 degrees, nose radius: 0 degrees, depth of cut: 0.1awS, feed rate 0.05am.

After cutting was performed at a cutting distance of 2007 yL under the cutting conditions of oil: rotation speed: 500 rpm, 11 mm agent, the wear width of the flank surface of the cutting tool was measured.

As can be seen from the wear resistance test results in Table 2, the swash plate material of the swash plate compressor according to the present invention has the same alloy components, but the grain size and distribution of 3i crystals in the aluminum matrix are different. Compared to as-cast materials in different conditions, it has clearly superior wear resistance, and the effect of reducing the variation in wear resistance has been recognized, and it also has significantly superior wear resistance compared to comparative materials. It was something like that.

On the other hand, when comparing cutting tool life, the material of the present invention has a remarkable improvement effect compared to the as-cast tool.
Although it was slightly inferior to the comparative materials, it showed approximately the same or better machinability.

[The materials of the present invention all have a tensile strength of 40K]
y/- or more, and the tensile strength of the comparative material was 33 Ky/-
The elongation was also 3% or more, which was much better than the elongation of the comparative material, which was 0.5%.

Therefore, if the swash plate (4) in the swash plate type compressor shown in Figs. 1 and 2 is manufactured using the material of the present invention, it will have the abrasion resistance and mechanical strength required for the swash plate. This swash plate can be manufactured easily because it can be manufactured to be lightweight and has excellent machinability, forgeability, etc.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an example of a swash plate type compressor, FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of section A, and FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of section U. (1>...Crankcase, (2)...Sito71~
, (3)... Swash plate, (4)... Shoe, (5)...
・Ball, <6)...Piston, (7)...Cylinder. that's all

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) s+ 16 to 30 wt%, Qu 0.3 to 7,
Qwt%, the remainder being substantially aluminum, wherein in the aluminum matrix of the alloy, primary 3i particles with a grain size of 40 to 80 μm occupy an area of 60% or more of the total primary 3i particle area. The swash plate is formed of a material in which eutectic Si particles with a particle size of 10μ or less are uniformly distributed and occupy 60% or more of the total eutectic 3i particle area. This is a swash plate type funpuretsuri that is characterized by the following. (2) s+ 16-30wt%, Cu@0.3-7.
0 wt%, and MCI of 0.3 to 2. Qwt%, the balance being substantially aluminum, the aluminum matrix of the alloy having a grain size of 4
Primary crystal 3i particles of 0 to 80μ■ account for 6 of the total primary crystal 3i particle area.
Uniformly distributed occupying an area of 0% or more, and with a particle size of 10μ
m or less eutectic St powder particles 60% of the total eutectic Si particle area
A swash plate compressor characterized in that the swash plate is formed of a material that occupies a larger area and is uniformly distributed.