JPS60198385A - Compression type refrigerator device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent slidable sections in a compressor from seizing and thermally deteriorating, by supplying coolant to the slidable section. CONSTITUTION:A communication hole 13 is formed in the axial section of a rotor 5, including rotary support shafts 5a, 5, 5b in a compressor 10. This communication hole 13 is formed with communication holes 14, 15 which are communicated, respectively with bearings 8, 9 in the vicinity of the latter, and are communicated with a coolant pipe line downstream of a liquid tank 20 through a communication passage 26. Further, liquid coolant is fed to slidable parts such as, for example, bearings 8, 9 by means of the communication hole 13.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Technical Field) The present invention relates to a compression type refrigeration system, for example, a compression type refrigeration system used when cooling a room.

(Prior Art) Generally, in order to cool a room, a compression type refrigeration device that applies the principle of the refrigeration cycle shown in FIG. 1 is used. As a compressor used in such a refrigeration system, a compressor as shown in FIG. 2 has conventionally been used (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 48-94006). This conventional compressor has a rotor 5 housed eccentrically and rotatably in a refrigerant gas compression chamber 4 defined by a front side plate 1, a rear side plate 2, and a cylinder 3. The mouth 5 has a plurality of vanes 7 spaced apart in the circumferential direction, which can protrude radially outward, and by rotating the rotor 5, the suction space surrounded by the adjacent vanes 7 can be removed. The refrigerant gas is compressed and sent to a condenser (not shown). In such a conventional compressor, each sliding part, for example, the rotor 5 or the vane 7 and the front side plate 1 that defines the refrigerant gas compression chamber 4
, the rear side plate 2, the cylinder 3, or to lubricate the bearing 8.9 of the rotor 5, etc., a very large amount of lubricating oil was consumed. For this reason, there is a need for a compressor with a quasi-focal lubrication system that does not consume much lubricating oil. For example, a material with excellent heat resistance and warmth, such as Cerac, is used for the vane 7 or the inner wall of the refrigerant gas compression chamber 4. That is what is being considered.

However, although the materials such as the vane 7 and the inner wall of the refrigerant gas compression chamber 4 made of ceramic are heat resistant, the frictional heat due to friction between these materials becomes extremely high, and other materials For example, the heat is transmitted to the bearings 8, 9, etc., and even if lubricating oil is supplied, the high heat may cause damage due to seizure, thermal deterioration, etc.

(Purpose of the Invention) Therefore, the present invention aims to prevent damage to the sliding parts due to seizure and thermal deterioration and to eliminate the need for lubricating oil by supplying naval refrigerant to the sliding parts of the compressor. purpose.

(Structure of the Invention) The compression type refrigeration apparatus according to the present invention condenses refrigerant compressed by a compressor in a condenser, expands the refrigerant under reduced pressure with an expansion valve to form a gas-liquid mixed state, and then exchanges heat with an evaporator. A device for cooling the air conditioner, wherein a conduction path is provided to conduct the sliding portion of the compressor and a downstream side of the condenser, and liquid refrigerant can be supplied to the sliding portion through the conduction path. It is said that

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. 3 and 4 are diagrams showing a compression type refrigeration apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

The same parts as before are given the same reference numerals.

First, the configuration will be explained. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a compressor used in a compression type refrigeration system, and this compressor 10 is equipped with a cylinder 3 having a refrigerant gas compression chamber 4 therein. A rotor 5 is housed in the refrigerant gas compression chamber 4 so as to be rotatable with its axis eccentric to the cylinder 3, and the rotor 5 has a plurality of vanes 7 which are spaced apart in the circumferential direction and can protrude radially outward. have. The tips of the vanes 7 are always in sliding contact with the inner wall 3a of the cylinder 3, and as the rotor 5 rotates, the refrigerant gas sandwiched between adjacent vanes 7 can be compressed. Both end surfaces of the rotor 5 in the axial direction and both end surfaces of the vanes 7 are connected to the front side plate 1 and the decoding plate 2, which define both end surfaces of the refrigerant gas compression chamber 4 in the axial direction, as shown in FIG. inner wall 1a
and 2a are in sliding contact. The rotor 5 has a rotary support shirt 1- at both ends extending outward from the refrigerant gas compression chamber 4 along the axis.
5a and 5b protrude and are rotatably supported by bearings 8 and 9, respectively. Inner wall 3 of the cylinder 3
The inner walls 1a and 2a of the vane 7, the front side plate 1, and the rear side plate 2 are made of a nonmetallic material with excellent heat resistance and lubrication properties, such as ceramics. Rotation support shirts) 5a, 5 are attached to the axis of the rotor 5.
A communication hole 13 is formed along the axis including b, and a communication hole 14 communicating with the bearing 8 and a communication hole 15 communicating with the bearing 9 are formed near the bearings 8 and 9 of the communication hole 13, respectively. has been done. The refrigerant gas compression chamber 4 of the compressor 10 communicates with a condenser 18 via a pipe 16, and the condenser 18 communicates with a pipe 19 and a liquid tank 20.
, the evaporator 2 via the expansion valve 21
It communicates with 3. A fan 24 is provided on the evaporator blade, and the rotation of the fan 24 forcibly sucks in and blows air. Also, the evaporator command is for pipe line 2.
It communicates with the refrigerant gas compression chamber 4 of the compressor 10 via 5. The conduction hole 13 of the compressor nose 10 is the conduction path 2
6 to the middle of the pipe line 19 between the liquid tank 20 and the expansion valve 21 (downstream of the condenser 18).

Next, the effect will be explained. As the rotor 5 rotates, the refrigerant gas in the refrigerant gas compression chamber 4 is sandwiched between adjacent vanes 7, and as the rotor 5 rotates, it is gradually compressed to a high pressure and passes through the conduit 16 into the condenser 18. flows into. The refrigerant gas is liquefied by being cooled in the condenser 18, flows into the liquid tank 20 through the pipe line 19, expands there, and becomes a gas-liquid mixed state. Then, the refrigerant in this state passes through the expansion valve 21 and flows into the evaporator 23. The refrigerant in a gas-liquid mixed state is transferred to the evaporator 23 by a fan 24 in the evaporator holder.
It removes temperature from the air passing through it and evaporates (vaporizes) it. Therefore, the air blown from inside the evaporator 23 by the fan 24 is deprived of its temperature and is sent out at a low temperature, thereby cooling a room that requires cooling (for example, a vehicle interior). The low-pressure refrigerant gas vaporized within the evaporator tube is drawn into the refrigerant gas compression chamber 4 of the compressor 10 through the pipe 25. As the rotor 5 rotates, the refrigerant gas in the refrigerant gas compression chamber 4 is sandwiched between adjacent vanes 7 and is gradually compressed to a high pressure as the rotor 5 rotates, and is then sent to the condenser 18 again. The refrigeration cycle is continuously repeated by circulating the refrigerant gas in this manner, and the circulation of the refrigerant gas is forcibly performed by the rotation of the rotor 5 and vane 7 of the compressor 10 as described above. The rotor 5 and vane 7 of the compressor 1o are connected to the refrigerant gas compression chamber 4
By rotating within the rotor 5, both end surfaces of the rotor 5 and both end surfaces of the vane 7 slide on the inner walls 1a and 2a of the front side plate 1 and the rear side plate 2, and the tip of the vane 7 slides on the inner wall of the cylinder 3. 3a and slide against each other. At this time, high frictional heat is generated in each sliding part, but the cylinder 3
The inner wall 3a1 of the vane 7, the inner walls 1a and 2a of the front side plate 1 and the rear side plate 2 are made of a non-metallic material with excellent heat resistance and lubrication properties, such as ceramics. does not require. However, although no lubricating oil is required, high frictional heat is generated because the above-mentioned members slide and come into frictional contact with each other. In particular, this frictional heat is transmitted to other members such as the bearings 8, 9, etc., and the high heat may cause seizure or the like. Therefore, the liquid refrigerant supplied from downstream of the condenser 18 through the conduction path 26 is supplied to the bearing 8.9 through the conduction hole 13 and the communication hole 14.15, thereby cooling and lubricating the bearing 8.9. . The liquid refrigerant further enters the refrigerant gas compression chamber 4 from the bearing 8.9 portion, and penetrates both end surfaces of the rotor 5 and vane 7, the inner walls 1a and 2a of the front side plate l and the rear side plate 2, and the inner wall 3a of the cylinder 3. It also cools and lubricates each sliding part. therefore? The above-mentioned seizure etc. can be prevented without using fill lubricating oil.

FIGS. 5 and 6 show the second embodiment.

In the first embodiment, a case has been described in which the sliding parts of the compressor and the downstream side of the condenser are always electrically connected, but in this embodiment, they are intermittently electrically connected.

That is, in this embodiment, there are temperature sensors (detection means) 31 and 32 that detect the temperature of the bearing 8 and 9, and both end surfaces of the rotor 5 and vane 7 and the inner walls 1a and 2a of the front side plate 1 and the rear side plate 2. Temperature sensors (detection means) 33 and 34 are provided to detect the temperature of the sliding portion.

Signals from the temperature sensors 31 to 34 are input to a control circuit 36, and this control circuit 36 is capable of outputting signals to an on-off valve 37 provided in the middle of the conduction path 26. The control circuit 36 is connected to the power source E, and as shown in FIG.
In certain cases, it is grounded through any one of the relays R1 to R-a. That is, when any one of the temperature sensors 31 to 34 detects that the temperature of each sliding part has increased to a predetermined value or higher, one of the relays R1 to R'LL is energized and becomes closed, and the A contact and B contact (
ON) A signal is output to the on-off valve 37, and the control circuit 36 controls the on-off valve 37 to open.

Both the control circuit 36 and the on-off valve 37 constitute a control means for intermittently making conduction @26 conductive. In this way, in this embodiment, liquid refrigerant is supplied to the sliding parts of the compressor 10 only when necessary, and the evaporator 23
It is possible to prevent a decrease in cooling capacity by preventing the refrigerant flow rate from becoming insufficient.

FIG. 7 shows a third embodiment. In the first and second embodiments, the length dimension in the axial direction of the inner wall 3a of the cylinder 3 was the same over the entire circumference, whereas in this embodiment, the length dimension in the axial direction of the inner wall 3a of the cylinder 3 was the same over the entire circumference. ) and discharge side (
Considering the temperature gradient (upper side in the figure), the length LO on the discharge side of the inner wall 3a is slightly smaller than the length Li on the suction side, and the inner walls 1a and 2a of the front side plate 1 and the rear side plate 2 are It is formed so that a gap C is created between the two. According to such an embodiment, the compressor 1
Even if the discharge side of the inner wall 3a of the cylinder 3 becomes high temperature and expands from the suction side due to the operation of the cylinder 3, compressive stress is not generated between the inner walls 1a and 2a. It is possible to effectively prevent the inner wall 3a or the inner walls 1a, 2a, etc. from being damaged due to the rotational vibration of the inner wall 5.

(Effects of the Invention) As explained above, according to the present invention, by supplying liquid refrigerant to the sliding parts of the compressor, it is possible to prevent IM damage due to seizure and thermal deterioration of the sliding parts, and
Lubricating oil can be made unnecessary.

Further, according to the embodiment, since no lubricating oil is required, a lubricating oil separation chamber is also no longer necessary, and the compressor can be made compact.

Further, according to the second embodiment, by supplying the liquid refrigerant only when necessary, it is possible to prevent the cooling capacity from decreasing.

Further, according to the third embodiment, it is possible to effectively prevent damage to each member made of ceramics or the like due to compressive stress due to thermal expansion and rotational vibration of the rotor.

Although the embodiments have been described using non-metallic materials such as ceramics for each sliding part, the present invention can of course be applied to compressors that do not use such non-metallic materials. It is. This is because, in this case as well, it is possible to prevent the sliding portion from seizing and the like, and also to eliminate the need for lubricating oil.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a circulation path diagram showing the principle of the refrigeration cycle, Figure 2a is a sectional view of a compressor used in a compression type refrigeration system that applies the principle of the refrigeration cycle shown in Figure 1, 3 is a sectional view of the compressor used in the compression refrigeration system according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the compressor shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is an overall schematic diagram of a compression type refrigeration system according to the first embodiment of the present invention, including a cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a detailed diagram of the control circuit 36 shown in FIG. 5, and FIG. 7 is a partial sectional view of a compressor showing a third embodiment of the present invention. 10-----Compressor, 18--111-Condenser, 21-----Expansion valve, imperial edict-----
- Evaporator, 26 - - - - Conducting path, 31 - 34 - - - - Temperature sensor (detection means), 36
-------1 control circuit, 37-----1 on-off valve, R8 to R', -------relay. Representative patent attorney Agagun Part 2 Figure 2 (0) L-□

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) In a compression type refrigeration system in which refrigerant compressed by a compressor is condensed in a condenser, this refrigerant is depressurized and expanded in an expansion valve to form a gas-liquid mixed state, and then cooled by heat exchange in an evaporator. 1. A compression type refrigeration apparatus, characterized in that a conduction path is provided that connects a sliding portion to a downstream side of the condenser, and liquid refrigerant can be supplied to the sliding portion through the conduction path. (2) A patent claim characterized in that the compressor is provided with a detection means for detecting the state of the sliding part, and a control means for intermittently conducting the conduction path based on a signal from the detection means. The compression type refrigeration device according to item 1.