JPS60196129A - Plant growing method and apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application This invention relates to a plant growing method used for growing plants in a hydroponic solution and a growing apparatus for carrying out the method.

Conventional techniques There are two ways to grow plants: soil culture, hydroponic culture, and compared to hydroponic culture, hydroponic culture requires less plowing and other hard labor.

■ You can create a series by changing the sheets.

■ Growth abnormalities can be detected early by observing roots.

■ Seedling raising and planting can be simplified using urethane hydroponic seedling raising.

■ Crop patterns can be updated quickly and facilities can be used at high turnover.

■ It is possible to ship clean vegetables by avoiding residual pesticides in the soil.

■ Autonomous driving allows for significant labor savings.

■ The quality of vegetables can be improved by growing them in an appropriate environment.

As a means for more effectively achieving the above-mentioned hydroponic cultivation, for example,
9 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 49-50200 are known methods for growing plants by hydroponics.

In the above-mentioned known method, a hydroponic solution that is indirectly heated by a heating device and contains nutrients is continuously or intermittently supplied into an aquarium containing a large number of plants. This system is designed to grow plants while maintaining the temperature of the hydroponic solution so that it is always at a temperature suitable for plant growth.

In the above hydroponic culture, emphasis is placed on maintaining the temperature of the hydroponic solution at an appropriate temperature during the plant growing period, and the water quality of the hydroponic solution itself is adjusted to suit the plant growth. water quality cannot be maintained.

By the way, in hydroponic cultivation, one of the important requirements for growing plants is to always control the temperature of the hydroponic solution at a temperature suitable for growth, but it is more important to control the temperature of the hydroponic solution itself. Recent research has gradually revealed that plant growth can be promoted by adjusting water quality to plant growth methods.

It is said that the best hydroponic solution is weakly acidic water with a pH within the range of approximately 5.5 to 6.5.In order to obtain this hydroponic solution,
Chemicals such as sulfuric acid and orthophosphoric acid were added to raw water.

Therefore, if a hydroponic solution suitable for growing plants is manufactured by adding chemicals each time as described above, a large amount of chemicals and labor are required to obtain a large amount of hydroponic solution, resulting in a heavy economic burden. Unfortunately, if the mixture were to be mixed incorrectly, there would be a risk that valuable plants would be wiped out, making maintenance and management difficult, and there was a strong desire for improvement.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention Therefore, the present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned known plant growing methods that merely maintain and manage the temperature of the hydroponic solution at a temperature suitable for growing plants, and that the water of the hydroponic solution itself is The most suitable pH for plant growth is weakly acidic, which is within the range of approximately 5.5 to 6.5, so it is not possible to promote plant growth more efficiently. If the water quality of the hydroponic solution is weakly acidic with a pH within the range of about 5.5 to 6.5, there are major problems in terms of economy and labor in order to continuously obtain a large amount of hydroponic solution. In view of the fact that it is difficult to manage and maintain water quality, and requires a considerable amount of experience, as well as being difficult to provide at a low price, we decided to directly contact the flowing raw water with the combustion gas from the field soil to remove the carbon dioxide in the combustion gas. By a simple technical method of dissolving and mixing a large amount of
A large amount of hydroponic liquid having weakly acidic water quality within the 5 range can be obtained at a low cost, and the hydroponic liquid can be adjusted to an appropriate temperature before being supplied to a hydroponic tank, and the hydroponic liquid can be used to grow plants. This problem was solved by making it possible to promote training more efficiently.

Means for Solving the Problem Therefore, the technical problem of the method of the present invention is to simply prepare a slightly acidic hydroponic solution with a pH within the range of about 5.5 to 6.5, which is most suitable for growing plants. More K than means.

Moreover, it can be obtained continuously and inexpensively, and the water culture solution can be evenly supplied to the hydroponic tank under an appropriate temperature condition to further promote the growth of plants.

Therefore, the method of the present invention to solve this technical problem is to bring the flowing raw water into direct contact with the combustion gas in the field soil, so that a large amount of carbon dioxide in the combustion gas is dissolved and mixed, and the pH is about 5.
．． A weakly acidic hydroponic solution within the range of 5 to 6.5 was obtained, and the above hydroponic solution was slowly cooled to an appropriate temperature in a hydroponic tank containing a large number of plants, and then watered with water. The technical means of the present invention for carrying out the above method is to provide a heat exchanger with a water sprinkler and a heat exchange layer at the upper, middle and lower positions of the main body. A hydroponic liquid manufacturing apparatus is provided, which is configured by three-dimensionally arranging an exchange chamber, a combustion chamber facing the combustion port of the burner, and a liquid storage chamber in sequence, and the liquid storage chamber is a liquid storage tank and a liquid storage chamber. The reason is that it is connected to a hydroponic tank containing a large number of plants via a culture solution adjustment tank.

Operation The above technical means operates as follows (see drawing). That is, raw water (tap water, well water, etc.) is evenly sprinkled from the water sprinkler IK onto the heat exchange layer 1o provided in the heat exchange chamber 4, and at the same time, the burner 11 is operated and the combustion gas is discharged from the combustion port 12. The fuel is ejected into the combustion chamber 5. After the raw water flows down evenly through the heat exchange layer 10,
The combustion gas passes through the combustion chamber 5 and falls into the lower liquid storage chamber 6, and the combustion gas is uniformly stopped in the heat exchange layer 10 above the combustion chamber 5 in the opposite direction to the flow direction of the raw water. Finally, it is discharged to the outside from the flame discharge tube 13.

Therefore, the raw water flowing downward from the top and the combustion gas flowing upward from the bottom to the field soil come into direct contact many times during the flow and the field soil process, and are allowed to turn into high-temperature hot water. Carbon dioxide containing a large amount of neutralized combustion gas is dissolved and mixed into the raw water.

In this way, when raw water contains a large amount of free carbonate, the raw water naturally becomes a weakly acidic hydroponic solution with a pH within the range of approximately 5.5 to 6.5, which is suitable for growing plants. The liquid is stored in the liquid storage chamber 6.

Once a hydroponic solution of the desired water quality is obtained through the above process,
The bonder 17 is operated to supply liquid to the liquid storage tank 15, and a certain amount of liquid is stored by operating the level switch 15a. The hydroponic solution in the liquid storage tank 15 is then supplied at a constant rate to the adjacent culture solution adjustment tank 18 via an automatic liquid supply device 19, and at the same time, fertilizer suitable for plant growth is mixed here to remove nutrients. Of course, the hydroponic solution is slowly cooled to a temperature suitable for growing plants, for example, 15°C to 25°C. Finally, when the electromagnetic valve 22 is energized to open the electromagnetic valve 22, the hydroponic solution in the culture solution adjustment tank 18 is automatically supplied to the hydroponic tank 20 under internal pressure.
A large number of plants 23 installed in 0 are soaked. Therefore, when the water in the hydroponic tank 20 decreases below a predetermined water level due to natural evaporation of the hydroponic liquid, the automatic liquid supply device 19 operates to supply water continuously or intermittently to maintain a constant water level. During the growing period, the plant 23 has an optimal pH of 5.
．． Since the roots are immersed in a slightly acidic hydroponic solution with a pH range of 5 to 6.5, the plants quickly absorb the free carbon dioxide and nutrients contained in the hydroponic solution, allowing them to grow efficiently. It is something that

Note that after a predetermined amount of hydroponic liquid is stored in the liquid storage tank 15, the solenoid valve 9 is used to spray the raw water using the water sprinkler T.
At the same time, the operation of the burner 11 and the pump 17 is automatically stopped.

Embodiment A preferred embodiment of an apparatus for implementing the method of the present invention described above will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the drawings, reference numeral 1 denotes a hydroponic solution production apparatus capable of continuously producing a weakly acidic hydroponic solution with a pH within the range of approximately 5.5 to 6.5; In the apparatus 1, a perforated plate 3 is laid horizontally in an upper position in a main body 2 having an internal cavity and a cross section of an arbitrary shape, and the upper part of the perforated plate 3 is formed into a heat exchange chamber 4. Main body 2 located below
A hollow combustion chamber 5 is located in the middle position, and a funnel-shaped liquid storage chamber 6 with an open upper surface is arranged in a three-dimensional manner in the lower position of the main body 2 located below the combustion chamber 5. It is composed.

A water sprinkler T is installed in the upper center of the upper heat exchange chamber 4, and the water sprinkler 1 is connected to the tip side of a raw water supply pipe 8 with a solenoid valve 9 in the middle, so that tap water or An equal amount of raw water such as spring water is sprayed into the complete heat exchange chamber 4. A heat exchange layer 10 made of a suitable material is installed in the heat exchange chamber 4 above the perforated plate 3. As an example, the heat exchange layer 10 may be constructed by stacking a granular heat exchange material 10a and a spongy heat absorbing material 10b in sequence, as shown in the drawings. A burner 11 is provided on one side of the combustion chamber 5 provided in the middle stage, and its combustion port 12 faces into the combustion chamber 5. Not only the burner 1tFi liquid fuel described above, but also other fuels may be used as long as they can completely burn the fuel.

A flame exhaust tube 13 is provided at the top of the main body 2, and the combustion gas combusted in the internal Kli combustion chamber 5 of this exhaust flame #f13 is transferred from the combustion chamber 5 to the perforated plate 3 and the heat exchange layer 10.
After the inside of the field has been smoothly filled with soil, it is forced to be disposed of so that it can be dissipated to the outside from the flame exhaust pipe 13.

An exhaust wheel 14 is rotatably housed.

15#'i A liquid storage tank for storing a certain amount of the trapped hydroponic liquid in the liquid storage chamber 6. The liquid storage chamber 6 and the liquid storage tank 15 are connected to each other by a pump 17. A level switch 15a' is connected to the liquid supply pipe 16 provided in the liquid storage tank 15 and is electrically connected to the pump 11.
When a certain amount of hydroponic liquid is stored in the liquid storage tank 15, the operation of the pump 17 is automatically stopped.

Reference numeral 18 denotes a culture solution adjustment tank disposed on one side of the solution storage tank 15, and the culture solution adjustment tank 18 and the solution storage tank 1
5 is connected through an automatic liquid supply device 19, and the automatic liquid supply device 19 automatically supplies a certain amount of water to the culture liquid adjustment tank 18 with the hydroponic liquid that has reached an appropriate temperature in the liquid storage tank 15.

In addition, in the above culture solution adjustment tank 18, P)I is approximately 5.
．． A fertilizer suitable for growing plants is added to a hydroponic solution having weakly acidic water quality within the range of 5 to 6.5 to produce a hydroponic solution containing nutrients. 20 is a hydroponic tank for growing plants, and the hydroponic tank 20 stores a predetermined amount of hydroponic solution and also accommodates a large number of plants 23. Therefore, the culture liquid adjustment tank 18 and the hydroponic tank 20 are connected by a liquid supply pipe 21 having a solenoid valve 22 in the middle, so that the automatic liquid supply device 19 stores the hydroponic liquid at a constant water level. Water is supplied either continuously or intermittently. 2
4 is a greenhouse that houses the growing device according to the present invention.

Effects of the Invention In short, the present invention has the above-described method and technical means for carrying out the method. Therefore, simply by using the hydroponic liquid production apparatus 1, raw water is brought into direct contact with combustion gas for the field soil, and heated. By simply conditioning the combustion gas, the large amount of carbon dioxide contained in the combustion gas can be quickly dissolved and mixed into a weakly acidic water with a pH within the range of approximately 5.5 to 6.5, which provides the optimal water quality before planting. Hydroponic liquid can be used accurately without using any chemicals, etc.
In order to be able to continuously obtain a large amount of the obtained hydroponic solution, the obtained hydroponic solution was supplied in a fixed amount to the hydroponic tank 20 through the storage tank 15 and the culture solution adjustment tank 18, so that the stored plants 23 has the effect of rapidly absorbing a large amount of free carbonate dissolved in the hydroponic solution and efficiently promoting its growth.

An example of water quality test results conducted by the Tokyo Food Technology Research Institute is shown in the table below.

Water quality test results However, raw water refers to spring water when the method of the present invention is not used.

Passed water is water obtained by the method of the present invention.

In addition, an example of the growth comparison test results is shown in the table below.

Growth test results However, raw water is spring water that is not treated with the method of the present invention.

Passed water is water obtained by the method of the present invention.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawing is a partially cutaway longitudinal sectional front view of a growing apparatus for carrying out the method of the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Hydroponic liquid manufacturing device, 2... Main body, 4... Heat exchange chamber, 5... Combustion chamber, 6... Liquid storage chamber, 7... Water sprinkler, 10... Heat exchange layer, 11...burner, 12...
・The combustion port, 15 liquid storage tank, 18... culture solution adjustment tank, 20... hydroponic tank

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) By directly contacting the flowing raw water with the combustion gas in the field soil, a large amount of carbon dioxide in the combustion gas was dissolved and mixed, and the pH was within the range of approximately 5.5 to 6.5. A weakly acidic hydroponic solution is obtained, and the hydroponic solution is slowly cooled and watered at a constant rate to promote the growth of plants in a hydroponic tank containing a large number of plants. How to grow one thing. (2) A heat exchange chamber equipped with a water sprinkler and a heat exchange layer is placed in the upper part of the main body, a combustion chamber facing the burner combustion port is placed in the middle part, and a liquid storage chamber is arranged in the lower part in a three-dimensional manner. 1. A plant growing device comprising a hydroponic solution production device, and the liquid storage chamber is connected to a hydroponic tank containing a large number of plants through a solution storage tank and a culture solution adjustment tank.