JPS6019374B2 - Construction methods for offshore structures - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method of constructing a marine structure, and particularly to a method for constructing a marine structure, using a box unit formed by combining a plurality of boxes with only the bottoms open, and supplying water by sending air into the box unit. Transport the unit to the required location by floating it and towing it, and at that location, remove the air from each box unit and let it settle down, raising the water level inside each box to a level higher than the water surface outside. To prevent the box unit from being moved by tides and waves before the box unit is placed under a water load and placed on the floor, and is completed as the sea bream body of the marine structure. .

Conventionally, in the construction of seawalls, artificial islands, and embankments, a box (usually made of concrete) built on land was floated on the water, towed straight to a predetermined location, and then submerged and filled with sand and stone. A construction method is provided in which the material is placed inside the box and fixed using gravity. In this case, since the box has an open-top structure, it is difficult to accurately sink the bottom to the planned water bottom. Ours gets swept away by currents and waves.
From this it can be seen that the box must be allowed to settle quickly and that some means of securing it after it has been settled and before filling is required. Furthermore, when such a box is used, much work remains to be done on the superstructure, which requires a considerable amount of time to complete.

Furthermore, when constructing a structure at great depth, a large box is required, but this increases the amount of water intake and has limitations due to the depth of the channel for towing. There was a problem. In other words, the amount of water intake cannot be adjusted. In view of this problem in constructing offshore structures, the inventors towed the box with the box upside down, that is, with the top closed and the bottom open, and vented air from the box at a predetermined position. A method of creating a submerged seat was investigated. According to this, it was found that the box could be quickly settled by increasing the speed of air removal. In this case, it is natural that a combination of multiple boxes is better for towing efficiency, but even if a thick box suitable for levitation is used, sufficient strength can be obtained, and moreover, for towing and It has also been found that because stability is obtained in sedimentation, the cost can be reduced significantly. Furthermore, no matter how large this type of box is, the amount of water it can hold can be freely adjusted by sending air inside, so even large boxes for deep water use can be easily towed. The ceiling part used in the construction can be used as a superstructure, which is extremely rational. However, even this type of box can be washed away by strong currents or waves before the final fixation is completed. This invention also solves these problems.

That is, an object of the present invention is to stabilize a case constituting a key body of a marine structure by a simple method so that it does not move after sitting on the bottom of the water. It is an object of the present invention to enable safe and efficient towing of a box constituting a structure fly body, and an object of the present invention is to enable a structure fly body to be quickly and accurately submerged. A further object of the invention is to construct an offshore structure at low cost, and a further object of the invention is to integrate the superstructure with the side part of the main body of the structure, thereby shortening the construction time. A further object of the present invention is to use the superstructure to tow the side of the main structure, thereby streamlining the construction work.
The object is to enable the towing of large boxes suitable for constructing structures at great depths. Therefore, in this desire, a box unit 5 formed by connecting a plurality of boxes 2 at their side faces 3 as in the illustrated embodiment is installed in a designated water area, and the box is placed in a state where the upper part 1' is closed. A marine structure characterized in that water is introduced into the box 2 until the water level reaches a level higher than the external water surface while removing air from the body 2 to apply a water load to the box unit 5, thereby stabilizing it. A method for constructing a box unit 5 formed by connecting a plurality of boxes 2 at their side faces 3 is set up in a predetermined water area, and the inside of the box unit 5 is set up with the upper part 1--' closed. While removing the air, water is introduced into the box 2 until the water level reaches a level higher than the external top surface, and a water load is applied to the box unit 5, and some of the boxes 2 are successively filled with sand, stones, etc. A first combined invention is a method for constructing a marine structure characterized by filling the boxes and finally replacing the water in the boxes with a filler 6, and furthermore, combining a plurality of boxes 2 at their side faces 3. A box unit 5 made of
′ is closed, water is introduced into the box 2 by suction from the upper part 1′ of the box 2 using a vacuum pump 13 until the water level reaches a level higher than the external water surface, and a water load is applied to the box unit 5. A second method for constructing a marine structure is provided in which the water inside the box is replaced with the filler 6 by sequentially filling some of the boxes 2 with filler 6 such as sand or stones.
Further, there is provided a box unit 5 formed by combining a plurality of boxes 2 with only the bottom 1 open and joined together at their side surfaces 3.
is installed in a designated water area, the air in the box 2 is extracted through the fluid pipe 4 attached to the box unit 5, the box unit 5 is allowed to settle down, and the air is sucked through the fluid pipe 4. Water is introduced into the box until the water level reaches a level higher than the external water surface, and the fluid pipe 4 is closed to maintain the high water level in most of the boxes 2, while water is removed from appropriate boxes 2.
A third combined invention is a method of constructing a marine structure characterized by supplying and filling a filling material 6 through a fluid port 4' connected to the fluid pipe 4, and furthermore, Then, a box unit 6 is manufactured by connecting a plurality of boxes 2 with only the bottom 1 open and their side surfaces 3, and this box unit 5 is towed and floated at the required location, and the box 2
The air inside is removed and the box unit 5 is allowed to settle down, and water is introduced into the box 2 by suction from the top 1' of the box 2 using a vacuum pump 13 until the water level reaches a level higher than the external water surface. Then, the water droplets are applied to the box unit 5, and some of the boxes 2 are sequentially filled with filler 6 such as sand and stones, and finally the water in the box 2 is exchanged with the filler 6. The characteristic method for constructing a marine structure is defined as a fourth combined invention.

In these inventions, a plurality of boxes are made of concrete, steel plates, other materials, or a combination thereof, joined at the sides to form a box unit, and this is sunk in a predetermined body of water. Water is introduced into the box until the water level is lower than the external water surface, and a drop of water is applied to the box to stabilize the sitting floor.

The term "box" as used in the present invention includes a cylindrical box with an open top and bottom. In this invention, a box unit is manufactured in a dock or a production yard so that the upper part of each box is closed, and the box unit is floated on water by the buoyancy of the air inside the box, and if necessary, It also includes adjusting the amount of water intake by adjusting the air supply and extraction, towing it to a predetermined water area, removing the air from the box, and allowing it to settle.

To introduce water into the box until the water level is higher than the water level outside, you can forcibly remove the air inside the box using a vacuum pump and introduce water from the outside through the bottom of the box, or seal the bottom. Water may be introduced from the top.

In this way, the water-loaded box unit is constructed by draining water from some of the boxes, and filling most of the boxes with fillers such as sand and stones while maintaining a water level higher than the external water level. By gradually increasing the number of filled boxes, it is possible to eventually create a solid marine structure.

Air can be pumped into and out of the box by means of a fluid pipe through a fluid port provided with a lid that closes off the top of the box.

This fluid pipe can also be used to fill and supply the filler if the filler is a fluid such as sand. The end cover can be expanded into the entire box so that it can be used as a roof for the installed and fixed marine structure, or it may be integrally molded with the entire box in advance.

Thus, according to the invention, the bodies of marine structures of any size can be stabilized very easily by water loads.

Further, according to the present invention, when transporting a sea bream of any size to a predetermined water area, it is possible to easily tow a sea bream body of any size and quickly and accurately settle it in a predetermined position.

Furthermore, on-site construction is extremely easy and stable, greatly contributing to shortening the construction period and reducing costs. Embodiment FIG. 1A to 1B sequentially show an example of the method of the present invention broken down into implementation steps.

First, as shown in A, a box unit 5 is manufactured in a dock d by combining a plurality of boxes 2 with their bottoms 1 open and joined together at their side surfaces 3.

Thus, although the boxes 2 are each independent, they are joined at the side surfaces 3 and are substantially integrated. As shown in B, a dome-shaped cap 9 is fixed to the upper part 1' of the box 2 to close it.

A plurality of these end covers 9 may be integrally molded in accordance with the number of boxes 2 included in the box unit 5, or may be separate pieces. The necessary fluid pipes 4 are arranged in the top plate 9 so as to fit into each case 2 through the upper fluid ports 4'. Furthermore, this fluid pipe 4 is equipped with a motor, a pump 13, and a main valve 10 that can be used for both water and air delivery, and can be equipped with power equipment, an operation room, etc. as necessary. I can do it. In the figure, reference numeral 11 denotes a branch valve provided immediately before the fluid port 4' of each box 2. Such a box unit 5 is
Pour water into dock d as shown in C, and pump 1 through the fluid tank.
3, air is sent into each box 2 to make it float.

After that, the amount of water intake of the box unit 5 is adjusted appropriately considering the water depth of the channel. This can be easily done by adjusting the flow of air into the box 2. In this way, as shown in D, the vessel is towed toward a predetermined water area. In a predetermined water area, as shown in E, the air is removed from the box 2 and the box unit 5 is allowed to settle down.

After that, as shown in F, the air inside the box 2 is sucked using the fluid pipe 4 and the pump 13, and water is introduced from the bottom 1 to a height higher than the external surface. Water level. As the pump 13 in this case, it is also possible to use a separately provided vacuum pump. Thus, by introducing water into the entire box 2 until the water level is higher than the external water surface, the box unit 5 is stabilized by the water load.

After that, as shown in G, some of the water is drained from the box 2 and filled with a filler 6 such as sand or stones.

In this case, the water level in the remaining boxes 2 is kept higher than the external water level by continuing suction with a pump or by keeping the branch valve closed. As a result, the box unit 5
can hold enough weight to not be carried away by currents or waves. H'Ma, it shows how another end cover 9 is installed as a superstructure after the final filling is completed.

In this case, the dome-shaped cap 9 is removed, but it is also possible to use it as is without removing it in place of the plate-shaped cap 9 used here. In Figure 2, the canopy 9 is made up of six boxes 2.
The figure shows an example in which the box is made of a single plate common to the boxes 2, and is formed integrally with each box 2 in advance in the dock.

The upper part of the cover 9 becomes a deck, and constitutes the so-called superstructure itself, which serves as a deck when towing or when the vessel is submerged and fixed.
A fluid pipe 4 is attached to the top of the lid 9.

The above-mentioned main valve 10 and branch valve 11 are attached to the fluid pipe 4, and the pipe as a whole can be removed from the lid 9. 1 in the diagram
2 is a joint for pipe disassembly, and 13 serves as a vacuum pump for air delivery and suction for raising the water level inside the box. FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the box unit 5 of the type shown in FIG. is formed, and is fixed to the end cover 9 with a bolt 14 via a sealing packing P. In this case, the bolt 14 is screwed into a screw hole halfway through the thickness of the end cover 9. Second
When the box unit 5 shown in FIGS. 13, air is sucked and discharged to the outside to raise the water level in the box 2.

After that, the fluid pipes are removed from some of the boxes 2, and the work of filling the sand filling 6 from the fluid port 4' is successively performed on other boxes 2, and finally all the boxes 2 are filled. The body unit 5 is completed as a solid marine structure frame. In this case, Fubishi 9 is used as it is as a superstructure.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1A-1 are systematic diagrams illustrating step-by-step an example of the process of carrying out the method of the present invention, and Figure 2 is a perspective view showing an example of a box unit used in the present invention. FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the box unit shown in FIG. 2. In the figure, 1 is the bottom of the box, 1' is the top, 2 is the box, 3 is the side of the box, 4 is the fluid pipe, 4' is the fluid gutter, 5 is the box unit, 6 is the filler, and 9 is the husband. The lid 13 is a vacuum pump. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 1 Figure 3

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A box unit made up of a plurality of boxes joined together at their sides is installed in a designated body of water, and with the top closed, air is removed from inside the box from the outside water surface. A method of constructing a marine structure characterized by introducing water until a high water level is reached, applying a water load to a box unit, and thereby stabilizing it. 2. A box unit consisting of multiple boxes joined at their sides is installed in a designated water area, and with the top closed, water is poured into the box while removing air from inside the box until the water level reaches a level higher than the external water level. A marine method characterized in that the water load is applied to the box unit by introducing a water load, and fillers such as sand and stones are sequentially filled from some of the boxes, and finally the water inside the box is replaced with the filler. Methods of construction of structures. 3 A box unit made up of multiple boxes joined at their sides is installed in a designated body of water, and with the top closed, suction is applied from the top of the box using a vacuum pump to fill the inside of the box. Water is introduced until the water level reaches a level higher than the external water surface and a water load is applied to the box unit, and some of the boxes are successively filled with fillers such as sand and stones to finally drain the water inside the box. A method of constructing a marine structure, characterized in that the material is replaced with a filler. 4. The method of constructing a marine structure according to claim 2, wherein the upper part of the box is closed with a removable canopy, and when filling with stuffing, this canopy is removed and the stuffing is introduced from there. 5. The method for constructing a marine structure according to claim 1, wherein water is introduced into the box through a proper position of the box by sealing the bottom of the box. 6. A box unit consisting of multiple boxes with only the bottom open and joined at their sides is installed in a designated water area, and the air inside the box is extracted through a fluid pipe attached to the box unit to remove the box. The unit is allowed to settle to the bottom, and water is introduced into the box by suction through the fluid pipe until the water level reaches a level higher than the external water level, and the fluid pipe is closed to eliminate the high water level in most of the boxes. 1. A method for constructing an offshore structure, comprising: draining water from a suitable box while maintaining the structure, and then feeding and filling a filler through a fluid port connected to the fluid pipe of the box. 7. In a dock or production yard, manufacture a box unit consisting of multiple boxes with only the bottom open and joined together at their sides, tow this box unit and float it at the required location,
The air inside the box is removed, the box unit is allowed to settle down, and water is introduced into the box by suction from the top of the box using a vacuum pump until the water level reaches a level higher than the water level outside. Construction of a marine structure characterized by applying a water load to a box unit and sequentially filling some of the boxes with filler such as sand and stones to finally replace the water and filler inside the box. Method. 8. The method of constructing a marine structure according to claim 1, wherein the upper part of each box is closed by a plate integrally molded with the boxes, and can be used as a superstructure as it is.