JPS60186228A - Culture of sweet corn - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention (1) relates to a method for cultivating sweet corn, and relates to a method for cultivating sweet corn that can prevent tip instability.

Sweet corn is often cultivated as an ingredient for soups, etc., and ever since polysaccharide varieties were introduced, the demand for sweet corn has increased, and it has become an indispensable food from early spring to summer. 4. Therefore, in order to provide a stable supply from an early stage, it has begun to be cultivated on a large scale in greenhouses and tunnels using coatings such as agricultural vinyl chloride film.

As for this polysaccharide type, the No and Knee types are the main ones nationwide, and that! The characteristics are that the ears are heavy, the overall volume is strong, the sweetness is strong, and the total 17. It is said that the J+ content is reduced and the grains are less shriveled, and ``1 in 71 loaves'' is famous.

However, if this polysaccharide variety is sown at a time when the soil temperature is low (1-〃), the germination force and growth will be uneven, and if the weather is bad around the time of insemination, the seeds will be more unstable than other varieties.

However, there are problems such as the female flower setting angle being divided into 6 different ways, the cob being long, and making it difficult to adjust the harvest.Each production region is struggling with these countermeasures, especially the problem of tip failure. is Chongsha, and if there is a lot of this, the quality evaluation of the sweet corn in that production area will be poor, and the sales will be greatly affected. Although cultivation methods such as exclusion cultivation and cultivation using a large amount of compost are practiced, the reality is that this cultivation method is not sufficient and stable.

As a result of many years of research in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the inventors of the present invention have found that a specific agricultural vinyl chloride, that is, the sweet corn cultivation method of the present invention, is suitable for cultivating sweet corn. This is a cultivation method characterized by cultivating under conditions where the seeds are covered with a transparent red agricultural covering phase from the time of sowing.

The method of the present invention can be applied to all sweet corn varieties, but especially varieties that produce advanced varieties, such as Honey Pandam, Honey 36, Honey Early, Honey 2001, Honey 205, Honey 40 Akira, Honey 405, Very Early Jelly, Gokui Raw 9, Skyliner 85, Skyliner 95
, Calico, Rocky 85, ExP-25, Sweet Tom Wase 2. This method is effective for trial mating 82-25, elver, etc., and can of course be applied to any other product as long as it is easy to cause tip failure.

The transparent red agricultural coating used in the present invention is a covering material that selectively transmits red light. To demonstrate this light selectivity, dyes or pigments that transmit a large amount of red light are generally used, but dyes or pigments that fluoresce in the red are particularly preferred.

When this red dye or pigment is included in the coating phase, it absorbs 500 to 6QQnl11 of light that is not necessary for plant growth, and 600 to 700I++n that is necessary for plant growth.
A lot of light passes through. In particular, for fluorescent red dyes or pigments, this is 600 to 70
The transmittance of light of 0n+n is further increased.

In the meaning of "transparent red color" in the present invention, 11, red dye or pigment is contained in the coating material, and 400 to 500
The average transmittance of light of 60 nm or more, preferably 75% or more is transmitted, a part of light of 500 to 60 [] nnl is absorbed, and a relatively large amount of light of 600 to 700 nm is transmitted. be.

By cultivating sweet corn by coating it with such a light-selective coating material, high-quality sweet corn with almost no cutting edges can be obtained.

In addition, 400-50. If the average transmittance of Onm light is 60 inches or less, it is effective for tip nonwovens, but it is not practical because the growth of cis-seed corn is poor due to lack of blue light energy and the quality is poor.

"Tip sterility" refers to a physiological disorder in which the tips of sweet corn ears, where they should normally fruit and form grains, become shriveled and deaf.

The covering of the agricultural grains can be carried out in the same manner as in conventional cultivation in cages or tunnels, and there is no need to take any special precautions. It can be adjusted as appropriate depending on the cultivation period, weather, etc.

The period of covering is not strictly limited and varies depending on the cultivation period, region, climate, etc.
Generally, it is preferable to cover the entire period from sowing to harvest. However, after the flower bud differentiation stage,
Furthermore, the effects of the present invention can be fully obtained by cultivating sweet corn under a canopy until after the time when branch growth occurs from the plant. The coating may be removed. Such cases are also included within the scope of the present invention.

The inorganic or organic film constituting the agricultural coating phase is not particularly limited as long as it has the above-mentioned light transmittance properties, and any film of any quality can be used. Examples include glass plates coated with or laminated with synthetic resin films containing red dyes or pigments shown below.
A synthetic resin film or board containing a red dye or a face t1 is particularly suitable as the 7b1 unbalanced film or board. In the present invention, in particular, the latter synthesis I111
1tt film or plate is suitable.

A transparent red-colored film or plate that can be used in the method of the present invention is produced, for example, by blending a suitable red-colored dye or pigment with a conventional film-forming thermal oJ' Qi resin and forming the mixture into a film or plate. I can do it.

Examples of synthetic resins that can be used include polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyethylene, polyglopylene, polystyrene, polyester, polyamide, polymethyl methacrylate, polyacrylate, polycarbonate, polyvinyl acetate, and combinations thereof. Includes copolymers, polymers, and blends based on Particularly suitable for reasons such as light resistance, transparency, and strength are polyvinyl tetrachloride, polymethyl methacrylate-1, polyester, borica-bony-1, polyethylene, and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, among others. Polyvinyl chloride is suitable.

Red dyes or pigments that can be blended into these synthetic resins are appropriately selected from a wide range of types, taking into account the light ray selection of the dye or pigment, compatibility with the synthetic resin used, etc. Although dyes or pigments which sometimes fluoresce in the red are preferred, and to further enhance transparency, organic dyes or pigments are suitable. For example, there are many organic dyes or pigments that generally produce fluorescence, such as diphenylmethane derivatives and triphenylmethane derivatives, which have the following basic structural formula, but among these, rhogamine dyes, which have strong fluorescence, are Preferably, pigments made from these dyes are suitable. 1. The amount of the diphenylmethane derivative, triphenylmethane derivative, red dye or pigment can be varied over a wide range depending on the quality and thickness of the film or U1 or board. However, since the light selectivity varies significantly depending on the dye or pigment, in the present invention, the average transmittance in the range of 40U to 50 (Inm) is 60
% or more, IE bowl 2 or 75 articles or more] - Transparent, 500 ~
A suitable blending amount is such that the minimum transmittance in the range of 600 nm is 98 or less, preferably 95 or less, relative to the transmittance of a film or plate that does not contain the dye or pigment.

For example: For 100 tons of synthetic resin or synthetic resin and plasticizer forming the film or D-board, 20 weight parts or more, 0.0001 tails or more, preferably,
10 parts by weight or less, 0.001 tfl-'I'l part or more'
2 is appropriate.

Illusion 1 on the synthetic resin film or board used in the method of the present invention
In addition to red dyes or pigments, other resin additives may be added as necessary, such as lilI agents, lubricants, antioxidants, etc. It may also contain ultraviolet absorbers, antistatic agents, light stabilizers, anti-rust agents, heat stabilizers, and the like.

The above-mentioned film or plate can be manufactured using various methods known per se, such as a calender method, a melt extrusion method, a press method, and a solution flow method.

It can also be produced by coating a film, board, glass, etc. of the synthetic resin or other synthetic resin with a solution of a synthetic resin composition containing a red dye or pigment dissolved in a solvent.

The thickness of the film thus formed can vary over a wide range depending on its use, but generally for the purposes of the present invention, a thickness of 15 to 50 mm.
A range of 0.00 p field is preferred.

The film or plate can also be used by laminating it on other synthetic resin films or plates, glass, etc. for purposes such as reinforcement, if necessary.

Cultivation of sweet corn according to the present invention can be carried out in exactly the same manner as a conventional cultivation method, except for the condition that the corn is covered with a transparent red agricultural covering material. can. That is, 10 ft+-: greenhouse cultivation in covered greenhouses, pipe houses, tunnels, etc.
This can be carried out by cultivation using grass, cultivation with l.

In this case, in order to adjust the temperature inside the greenhouse, greenhouse, tunnel, etc., it is recommended to open skylights, ventilate the valley or 174, or raise the hem. Direct rays of 11 rays may be inserted from the opening, but this degree of ray selective 1 ray incidence is acceptable in the present invention. .

As a result, the method of the present invention can significantly reduce the occurrence of corns (-1. It is expected that there will be a harvest of no.
It is extremely dog-like when it visits sweet corn farmers.

The present invention will now be described with reference to Examples.

Reference example (manufacture of agricultural film) 1) Polyvinyl chloride 100 parts by weight (di-cut lid) 45 n Tricle/Luposphere 1/5 Epoxy resin 30! I Lead stearate 1. On Barium stearate 0.5 n Norbitan monopalmitate 20 Ultraviolet absorber (
Note 1) o, os r fluorescent red pigment (note 2) 0.4
n (Note 1) "Tinuvin P" manufactured by Ciba Geigy Co., Ltd. (Note 2) 1-Msp-1ss Pink manufactured by Nippon Pigment Co., Ltd. A compound having the above composition was kneaded by a conventional method, and a film j61 with a thickness of 757 cm was formed by a calendar method. Obtained.

2) [Msp-168] of the fluorescent red pigment in the above season
Instead of ``Pink'' 04 parts by weight, Nippon Pigment Co., Ltd. [B
- 1 above except using 10 parts by weight of P-17 (S Pink)
), a film A2 with a thickness of 75/1111 was prepared in exactly the same manner as
I got it.

3) In addition, commercially available agricultural films include Mitsui Vinyl (7571 m thick transparent droplet type, expressed as film J6.3) manufactured by Pressure Toatsu Chemical Co., Ltd. and Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. (transparent droplet type, designated as film J6.3) and Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.'s polyethylene mulch film (thick 307zm, film A (denoted as 4).

”1 Note 7 I/l/mu&, i, film 1G, 2
, the spectral transmittance of Filno h163 is shown in FIG.

Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 (tunnel cultivation examples) In the test, the fields were cleared in December of the previous year and fertilized. The amount of fertilizer applied is io of Azumino magnesia per 10a.

K+7, CDU chemical 200kg, Taikyu fertilizer 2ooo
i<, 6 kg of F T P was used for cultivating the entire surface.

On February 15th, ridges as shown in Figure 2 were made and film A;
Mulching was carried out in step 4 and the soil temperature was measured in the upper row, and on June 5th, the seeds of sweet corn (product aj', / knee 36) were placed in a mulching film with a row spacing of 45 cm and a z plant spacing of 27 t:nt. Holes were drilled and three seeds were sown in each hole. Immediately after sowing, as shown in Figure 2,
1 film, 2 films and A for the comparative example test area;
The tunnel was covered with three films to ensure soil temperature and air temperature in a sealed state, and after germination, ventilation was carried out according to customary methods so that the maximum temperature did not exceed 30°C.

April 11th: When the number of Japanese blood leaves decreased to 3 to 4, the plants were thinned out, leaving only one plant with good growth, and the germination rate was investigated.

On April 25th, branches appeared at the base of the plant, the plant height increased, and the temperature rose, so we removed tunnel harvesting and thereafter managed cultivation according to conventional methods using harvesting.

During this period, on May 19th, we conducted growth training for plant height, number of leaves, etc. 5, and in order to control pests and diseases, we carried out male flower extraction period, immediately after flowering, and 10 days after flowering.
A day later, Siestonok and Papudion were sprayed six times.

Harvesting was carried out on June 9th, and surveys were conducted on the length of the harvest, the weight of the panicles, and the length of the panicles. The results of these surveys are shown in Table-1.

Table-1 ) 20 plants at a half-average (however, λ excluding germination rate.

Example 2 and comparative rows 3 and 4 (double tunnel cultivation examples) In the test, the fields were fertilized in the same manner as in Example 1, and on February 5th, furrows were made as shown in Figure 6 of the attached drawings, and a film, d54 In February 2511, seeds of Sweet Kono (product) 1 car: Honey 56) were planted between 3 rows.
A hole was made in the multi-knob film so that the distance between the plants was 30 cnr, and 6 grains were sown in each spot, and as shown in Fig.
1F, I film, J56 film on the inside, Comparative Example 6 test section had 1. Both sides were made of A3 film, and the test section of Comparative Example 4 had 462 films on the outside and 111 films on the inside (with IFr, 5 films and 1 tunnel cover for each of the two cars).
- The ground was kept in a sealed state to ensure soil temperature and air crystals, and ventilation was carried out in accordance with the customary method after the start-up.

Same as in Example 1, the seeds were thinned out for 4 hours in April and the germination rate was investigated.The tunnel infestation was removed on April 28th, and cultivation percentage and control were conducted according to the conventional method until harvest. During this period, on May 12th, we carried out growth training such as height and boldness, and sprayed pesticides to control pests and diseases.

Harvesting was carried out on June 2nd, and a survey was conducted to determine the size of the crop, length, panicle size, panicle length, etc. These deaths] The results of the investigation are listed in Table 2.
There are no stock shortages.

(Total) Average of 20 plants (excluding germination rate).

According to the cultivation results shown in Tables 1 and 2 above, in Example 1 and Example 2 according to the present invention, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative 1
It is clear that the tip a of the 1-bite panicle is significantly lower than that of Tari 6, and the germination rate and growth condition are equivalent to 1, and it is superior in terms of panicle weight and plant head 3, father, 400~! 5
In the case of Comparative Example 2 and Ratio Example 4, in which the average light transmittance at 00 nm is 60 cm or more, the number of tip kills is lower than ever, but the blue light energy is insufficient and the growth condition and harvested product are affected. The quality of the lamp is inferior and it is not practical.

171j in drawing 4, blue 11, 4 sets 1, t'', is a diagram showing the spectral transmittance of the filtration, and ``nae'' in the drawing, A6 of the filtration is not shown. However, in this figure, the increase in light with a wavelength of 600 to 700 nm due to the fluorescent substance) #
1 minute d shows 7 not shown.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the ridges, row spacing, and dimensions at the time of filtration and covering in an example of one-channel cultivation.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing the above-mentioned dimensions in the case of a two-part tunnel cultivation example.

'%πF Applicant Mozuki Toatsu Chemical Co., Ltd. 11.

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A method for cultivating sweet corn, which is characterized in that sweet corn is cultivated under conditions where it is covered with a transparent red agricultural cover (2) The agricultural cover) The method for cultivating sweet corn according to claim 1, which contains a fluorescent red dye or pigment.