JPS60177557A - Nonaqueous battery - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a battery having high discharge voltage in high rate discharge and large capacity by using oxyharide as positive active material and adding gallium chloride as electrolyte to oxyharide. CONSTITUTION:In a nonaqueous battery using oxyharide as positive active material, gallium chloride is added as electrolyte to oxyharide. For example, thionyl chloride is used as positive active material and thionyl chloride solution is prepared by adding gallium chloride to thionyl chloride. The thionyl chloride solution is poured into a battery case from an electrolyte pouring pipe 5 to activate a battery. A positive current collector 4 is formed by fixing acetylene black with Teflon binder onto an expanded nickel net. A negative electrode 2 is formed by press-bonding a lithium film to a nickel current collecting net. By using gallium chloride as electrolyte, polarization of a battery is remarkably reduced and capacity of the battery is increased.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a liquid injection type non-aqueous battery with a high discharge voltage during high rate discharge and a large capacity, unlike conventional liquid injection type batteries.
It is something that I do.

BACKGROUND ART As non-aqueous batteries using oxyhalides as positive electrode active materials, batteries have been developed that use thionyl chloride, sulfuryl chloride, etc. as oxyhalides and active metals such as lithium as negative electrode active materials. This oxyhalide battery has excellent properties such as high energy density and an open circuit voltage of 3.7V because the positive electrode active material also serves as the battery's solvent. There is a problem in that a voltage delay occurs due to the protective film formed on the negative electrode. In order to solve this voltage delay, the battery electrode group and the oxyhalide solution containing electrolyte etc. are separated, and when the battery is used, the oxyhalide is injected into the battery to activate the battery. A method of using a type battery is being adopted. By using a liquid injection type battery, deterioration such as self-discharge of the battery during storage is suppressed, resulting in an excellent battery with an extremely long battery life.

Conventional injection-type batteries use aluminum chloride or aluminum chloride and lithium chloride added to oxyhalide as an electrolyte, but during high-rate discharge, the voltage due to polarization decreases significantly and the discharge capacity decreases. There was a problem that it could not be taken out sufficiently.

For this reason, conventional injection type batteries have been prevented from being suitable for equipment that requires high rate discharge.

The present invention provides an injection type oxyhalide battery that solves the problems of conventional batteries by using gallium chloride as an electrolyte.

Examples will be described in detail below.

FIG. 1 is a J sectional view showing an embodiment of the battery according to the present invention, in which (1) is a battery case, (2) is a negative electrode, (3) is a separator, and (4) is a positive electrode current collector. , (5) is a liquid injection tube. Thionyl chloride is used as the positive electrode active material, and 2.0M of gallium chloride is added to the thionyl chloride to make a thionyl chloride solution. The above solution was injected into the battery container to activate the battery.The positive electrode current collector was made of acetylene black fixed on a nickel band grid with Teflon as a binder.
The negative electrode was a lithium thin film bonded to a nickel current collector network. The separator was made of glass fiber with a porosity of 92%, and the battery had a birel structure with a positive electrode current collector in the center and lithium on both sides with separators interposed therebetween.

The discharge test was conducted by discharging the battery at a constant current of 851 A/a+t immediately after injecting the liquid. For comparison, a conventional battery was also assembled and the same test was conducted.

Conventional batteries contain 4.5M aluminum chloride and 0.5M aluminum chloride.
A thionyl chloride solution containing 1M lithium chloride was used. The results of each discharge test are shown in Figure 2. Battery A according to the present invention greatly exceeds the performance of conventional battery B,
65 [If the capacitance is 2.5V hollywood, it is nearly three times larger, and the flatness of the discharge voltage is also improved, and the voltage is 100mV higher than that of conventional batteries, showing extremely excellent battery characteristics. . In this way, by using gallium chloride as the electrolyte, the polarization of the battery is significantly reduced, the battery capacity is increased, and high rate discharge, which was difficult with conventional injection type batteries, is possible, and this oxyhalide battery We were able to expand the range of applications.

Although examples have been given above using a system using thionyl chloride as the oxyhalide, similar effects can be expected in a system using sulfuryl chloride as the oxyhalide.

As is clear from the above description and examples, the present invention solves the problems of conventional liquid injection type batteries, and has extremely excellent characteristics that can be applied to fields requiring high rate discharge. The present invention provides an oxyhalide battery.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the battery according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows the battery Δ according to the present invention and the conventional battery 13.
It is a constant current discharge characteristic diagram at 111Δ/−. 1... Battery case, 2... Negative electrode, 3... Separator, 4
...positive electrode, 5...liquid injection tube positive 1 Fig.-X Z Fig.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A nonaqueous battery using an oxyhalide as a positive electrode active material and an active metal as a negative electrode active material, characterized in that gallium chloride is added as an electrolyte to the C1 A oxyhalide.