JPS6016679B2 - fire detection device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a fire detection device that is capable of simultaneously detecting the occurrence and location of fire in installed or installed power cables and other various structures and buildings. be.

Conventionally, there has been a proposal to incorporate an electrical fire detection element into a micro-voltage signal transmission cable and attach it to a power cable to detect the occurrence of a fire due to dielectric breakdown of the power cable. However, it has the following problems and is hardly put into practical use.

In other words, if a low-voltage signal transmission cable is attached to a power cable, electromagnetic induction interference will occur in the signal transmission cable, making it impossible to accurately transmit the detection signal. If a barrier is installed, the equipment cost will increase enormously.

In addition, when detecting fires in long objects such as power cables, the cables must be as short as possible and fire detection elements must be placed in each section, which requires the use of a large number of expensive detection elements. In addition, there was a problem in the durability of the detection element, which should be prepared for unexpected situations, and normal fire detection over a long period of time could not be expected.

In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention improves long-term reliability and economic efficiency of the device by configuring a fire detection device mainly using an optical fiber (optical fiber) that is not subject to electromagnetic induction interference. This system has been designed to satisfy all the requirements, including the simplification of the configuration, and the configuration will be explained below with reference to the illustrated embodiments. FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention, in which 1 is a power cable as a fire detection object, 2, 22, 23...2n-2, 2n-, 2n
are detection points set along the longitudinal direction of the cable 1 where fire should be detected. Furthermore, in the figure, 3 is an optical transmission body having a light transmitting end 4 and a light receiving end 5, and this optical transmission body 3 is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the power cable 1 and close to the cable 1. and detecting units 6, 62, 63...6 corresponding to each detection location 2, to 2n.
n-2, 6n-. , 6n are provided.

The optical transmission body 3 in the above includes a plurality of optical fibers 7,
72, 73...7n-2, 7n-, , 7n are tape-shaped or ribbon-shaped inside, and the detection part 6. In this case, the optical fiber 7 is connected to the optical fiber 7.
, 72 are cut, and the number of cut optical fibers is increased by one from the detection parts 63 to 6n, and each optical fiber 7, to 7n is cut in the detection part 6n. Furthermore, the respective optical fibers L7, -7n cut in each of the detection sections 6, -6n are separated by butting each other at both ends in the disconnected state, and the optical fibers L7, -7n are separated from each other in the mated state. Connectors 8, 82, 83...8n-2, 8n-, 8 made of possible plastic or flammable plastic, etc.
held by n.

FIGS. 2 and 3 show the above-mentioned axis alignment structure using the detection part 63 as an example, and the connector 83 is connected to the V-groove plate 10 having a large number of V-shaped plates 9 arranged in parallel and the V-shaped plate 10. 10, and each optical fiber 7, to 7 is fitted into each V-groove 9.
Zn is sandwiched and held between the V-groove plate 11 and both plates 10,1.
By attaching the optical fibers 7, 72, and 73 to each other using fasteners such as bolts and nuts, or adhesive, the fused state of the separated optical fibers 7, 72, and 73 is maintained.
2. Other detection units whose explanations are omitted are also similar to this. Further, each optical fiber 7, ~7n has a light transmitter 12, 122, 123, .
12n-2, 12n-, , 212n, and light receiver 13
,,132 ,133...13n-2,13n
-, 13n are connected to each other.

In the case where the present invention is based on the above embodiment, each light transmitter 1
Light is passed from 2, to 12n to each optical fiber 7, to 7n of the optical transmission body 3 toward the light receivers 13 to 13n3, and this is monitored at the light receiving end 5. At some point, for example, when a cable fire occurs at the detection point 2 of the power cable 1, the connector 83 of the detection part 6 is burnt out or lost due to the fire, and as a result, the butt and axis alignment is caused. The cut portion of the optical fiber 7 becomes free, and the light transmission state is attenuated or blocked at the detection section 6, and this state appears on the light receiver 13.

4. Therefore, by knowing the light intensity attenuation or light blocking state of the optical fiber 7 by the light receiver 13, it is determined that a fire has occurred at the detection point 2 of the power cable 1, and emergency measures can be taken immediately. . In addition, even if a fire occurs at the detection weight counterclaim 2n as described above, the connector 8n of the detection unit 6n located at the same location 2n will be damaged or lost, but in this case, each optical fiber 7, to 7n will be disconnected. All of the parts are separated, and each of the light receivers 131 to 13n exhibits a light intensity attenuation or a light blocking state, so it is known that a fire has occurred at the detection point 2n, and the other detection points 22 are similarly detected.
~2n-, the location of the fire can be determined by the number of photoreceptors exhibiting an abnormality.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIG.
In this embodiment, optical transmission bodies 3, .
32, 33...3n-2'3n-,'3n are closely distributed along the power cable 1, and each optical transmission body 3
1 to 3n are provided with detection parts 6 and 6n, respectively, by a cutting part (separation part) whose axes are aligned in the same manner as described above, and single-core connectors 8 and 8n for holding the part, and these detection parts 6, to 6n are each detection point 2. One piece is placed in ~2n.

Further, light transmitters 12, -12n and light receivers 13, -13n are connected to the light transmitting ends 4, -4n and the light receiving ends 5, -5n of each optical transmission body 3, -3n, respectively.

In this embodiment as well, from the light transmitters 12, to 12n to the light receiver 1.
3, to 13n, and the light passing state is monitored by the light receiving ends 5, to 5n.

If a fire occurs at any detection point (for example, 2n), the detection section 6n at the detection point 2n will be burnt, and the light receiver 13n will indicate whether the light transmission body 3n is blocked or the light intensity is attenuated. Therefore, the occurrence of the fire and its location can be determined. In the first embodiment, for example, if a fire occurs at two locations, ie, detection location 2n and detection location 2, at the same time, the detection portion 6n located at the detection location 2n
All receivers 13. will be burnt out. ~13n
will now display light blocking or light intensity attenuation, and therefore it will not be possible to know that a fire has occurred at the detection point 2. However, in the case of the second embodiment, each optical transmission body 3, to 3n and The provided detection units 6, to 6n, and further the light transmitter 12,
~12n and photoreceiver 13, ~13n are at each detection point 2, ~2
Since there is a one-to-one correspondence with n, even if fires like the one described above occur simultaneously, each light receiver connected to the location where the fire occurred will be able to detect the occurrence of each fire.

Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIG.
In this embodiment, each optical transmission body 3, - 3n is folded back in a U-shape to form a light transmitter 12, - 12n and a light receiver 13, - 13n.
is arranged at one end side of the power cable 1, and detection sections 6, - 6n similar to those of the second embodiment provided in the U-shaped portions of the respective optical transmission bodies 3, - 3n are arranged at each detection point 2, - 3n. Z layers are arranged on each of the 2n layers.

In this embodiment as well, the occurrence of a fire in the power cable 1 can be detected in the same manner as in the second embodiment.

Further, the fourth embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIG.
In this embodiment, the fire occurrence state at each detection point 2, to 2nZ can be detected by a different signal for each detection point, and in this case, the power cable 1
A plurality of optical transmission bodies 3, to 34 are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the
Each detection point 2, - 2n includes each detection section 6a, which is similar to the second and third embodiments, provided on the optical transmission body 3, - 3n.
6b, 6c, 6d, 6e, 6f, 6g, 6h, and 6i are arranged as shown in the figure, and a single light transmitter 12 is attached to the light transmitting end of each optical transmitter 3, to 34, and its light receiving The end side is equipped with a light receiver 13, a logic circuit 14, and a display 15 that operates based on the light receiver 13. In this embodiment, assuming that no fire has occurred at each detection point 2.about.2n, a normal signal of "0000" will be input to the light receiver 13, and this will pass through the logic circuit 14 to the display 15.
If a fire breaks out at the detection point 2 and the detection part 8a is burnt, the light will be blocked due to the light blocking at this time.
1000" fire outbreak signal was also detected at other detection points 22
,23...2. In the case of the fire outbreak at number n, a light-blocking state occurs due to the detection parts being burned down at each location, resulting in "0100" and "0100".
0010 "..."0101ha "1010",
A fire occurrence signal such as "1001" can now be obtained, and depending on the type of this signal displayed on the receiver side, it can be determined whether or not a fire has occurred in the power cable 1, and if a fire has occurred, the You will be able to understand where the passage is.

At this time, the number of locations where fire can be detected is -1 for the number of codes n.

In each of the above embodiments, the case where the fire detection target is the crab power cable 1 is explained as an example, but even in the case of various structures and buildings, the above-mentioned These fire detections can be performed by arranging each detection section.

In addition, if there is only one location where fire should be detected,
It is sufficient to use one set of the optical transmission body, the detection section, the light transmitter, and the light receiver in the second embodiment and the third embodiment.

As explained above, in the device according to the present invention, the optical transmission body is cut and butted at an arbitrary location between the light transmitting end and the light receiving end of the optical transmission body as a detection part where light is blocked or light intensity is attenuated by heat. It is characterized in that a detection section is provided and the detection section is arranged at a location where fire should be detected.

Therefore, in the case of the device of the present invention, since it is mainly composed of optical transmission bodies such as optical fibers and optical zero cables, it is necessary to reduce the weight, avoid the effects of noise etc. seen in electrical detection means, and require special detection elements. It is possible to simplify the equipment and ensure economic efficiency, including the fact that it does not require a fire, and since the heat generated when a fire occurs only blocks the optical transmission state of the detection unit or attenuates the light intensity, there is no dust caused by malfunction. In particular, in the device of the present invention, the optical transmission body is cut and the cut parts are butted together to form the detection section, so there is no need to use optical transmission bodies (with low transmission characteristics) that are easily deformed or damaged by heat. In either case, highly sensitive fire detection can be performed using a silica-based optical fiber having high transmission characteristics.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing a first embodiment of the device of the present invention;
2 and 3 are cross-sectional explanatory diagrams of the data detection section in the first embodiment, and FIGS. 4, 5, and 6 show the second to fourth embodiments of the present invention. It is a schematic illustration. 2, ~2n...Detection location, 3 and 31~3n
......Light transmission body, 4 and 4, ~4n... Light transmitting end, 05 and 5, ~5n... Light receiving end, 6, ~6
n and 6a to 6i... detection section. Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A detection part in which the light transmission body is cut and butted is provided at an arbitrary location between the light transmission end and the light reception end of the light transmission body as a detection part whose light is blocked or light intensity is attenuated by heat, and the detection part is A fire detection device characterized in that it is installed at a location where fire should be detected.