JPS60154142A - Photoelectric smoke sensor - Google Patents
Photoelectric smoke sensorInfo
- Publication number
- JPS60154142A JPS60154142A JP1121784A JP1121784A JPS60154142A JP S60154142 A JPS60154142 A JP S60154142A JP 1121784 A JP1121784 A JP 1121784A JP 1121784 A JP1121784 A JP 1121784A JP S60154142 A JPS60154142 A JP S60154142A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- light source
- light
- smoke
- circuit
- ratio
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/47—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection
- G01N21/49—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid
- G01N21/53—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid within a flowing fluid, e.g. smoke
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
- Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（技両分！１ ）
本発明は、煙による散乱光を構出することによって煙の
存在を感知する充電式煙感知器に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Techniques! 1) The present invention relates to a rechargeable smoke detector that detects the presence of smoke by emitting light scattered by smoke.
（背景技術ラ
ー従来のこの種の煙感知器においては、光源変動や光源
あるいは受光素子の汚れ等による感知器の警報感度の変
化を補償するために、第１図に示すように、煙検知用光
源１及び煙検知用受光素子２の他に、感度補償用受光素
子３を上記煙検知用光源１からの光を直接検出する位置
に配設したものがある。しかし、かかる構成の感知器に
おいては、光源変動の影響は無くせるものの、上記両受
光素子２．３の特性が全く同様に変化するとは限らない
ため、受光素子２．３の窓汚れあるいは感度変化等の影
響は完全には補償できなかった。(Background Art) In conventional smoke detectors of this type, smoke detection In addition to the light source 1 and the smoke detection light receiving element 2, there is a sensor in which a sensitivity compensation light receiving element 3 is disposed at a position where the light from the smoke detection light source 1 is directly detected.However, in a sensor with such a configuration, Although the effects of light source fluctuations can be eliminated, the characteristics of both light receiving elements 2.3 do not necessarily change in exactly the same way, so the effects of window dirt or sensitivity changes on the light receiving elements 2.3 cannot be completely compensated for. could not.
（発明の目的）
本発明は上記の問題点に鑑みなされたもので、その目的
とするところは、光源変動、光源及び受光素子の窓汚れ
、受光素子の感度変化等による影響を完全に無くした充
電式煙感知器を提供するにある。(Objective of the Invention) The present invention was made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to completely eliminate the effects of light source fluctuations, window stains of the light source and light receiving element, sensitivity changes of the light receiving element, etc. There are rechargeable smoke detectors available.
（発明の開示ン
以下、本発明を説明する。第、２図は本発明の一実施例
を示す簡略図で、その構成は、煙検知用光源ｌと、該光
源１からの元が直接入射しない位置に配設された煙検知
用受光素子２と、上記光源１からの元を直接検出する位
置に配設された感度補償用受光素子３と、発する光が上
記両受光素子２．３に直接入射する位置に配設された感
度補償用光源４とより成り、上記両光源１．４は通常、
発光ダイオードが用いられ、上記両受光素子２，３は通
常、シリコンフォトダイオードが用いられる。(Disclosure of the Invention) The present invention will be explained below. Figs. The light receiving element 2 for smoke detection is disposed at a position where the light emitted from the light source 1 is directly detected, and the light receiving element 3 for sensitivity compensation is disposed at a position where the source from the light source 1 is directly detected. It consists of a sensitivity compensation light source 4 disposed at a position of direct incidence, and both light sources 1.4 are usually
A light emitting diode is used, and both of the light receiving elements 2 and 3 are usually silicon photodiodes.
なお、図中１’、２’はそれぞれ上記煙検知用光源１及
び煙検知用受光素子２の視野限定用フードで、煙検知用
光源１の光が直接検知用受光素子２に入射しないように
配設されている。In the figure, 1' and 2' are hoods for limiting the field of view of the smoke detection light source 1 and the smoke detection light receiving element 2, respectively, so that the light from the smoke detection light source 1 does not directly enter the detection light receiving element 2. It is arranged.
次に、上記実施例に係る煙感知器を第３図に示す回路構
成で動作させた場合について説明する。Next, a case where the smoke detector according to the above embodiment is operated with the circuit configuration shown in FIG. 3 will be described.
周期１〜５秒で発振するワンショットパルス回路５の短
パルスは、光源ドライブ回路７を駆動し、感度補償用光
源４を発光させると共に、タイマ回路６をスタートさせ
る。光源４からの光は直接、煙感知用受光素子２及び感
度補償用受光素子３で受光され、それぞれ増幅回路９，
１０で増幅後、割算回路１１で比がめられ、メモリレで
記憶される。The short pulse of the one-shot pulse circuit 5, which oscillates at a period of 1 to 5 seconds, drives the light source drive circuit 7, causes the sensitivity compensation light source 4 to emit light, and starts the timer circuit 6. The light from the light source 4 is directly received by the smoke detection light receiving element 2 and the sensitivity compensation light receiving element 3, and the light is received by the amplifier circuit 9, respectively.
After amplification in step 10, the result is compared in division circuit 11 and stored in memory.
次に、タイマ回路６により一定時間後、光源ドライブ回
路８が駆動され煙検知用光源１が発光する。Next, after a certain period of time, the timer circuit 6 drives the light source drive circuit 8 and the smoke detection light source 1 emits light.
光源ｌの光は、直接光が感度補償用受光素子３で受光さ
れると共に、もしも感煙都Ｅ（第２図において斜線で示
す領域）に煙が存在すれば、その散乱光が煙検出用受光
素子２で受光される。この場合も２つの受光素子信号は
、それぞれ増幅された後、割算回路【１で比がめられる
。この比の値は前にメモリ玖で記憶されている値と共に
割算回路口に送られる。Direct light from the light source 1 is received by the sensitivity compensation light receiving element 3, and if smoke exists in the smoke sensitive area E (the shaded area in Figure 2), the scattered light is used for smoke detection. The light is received by the light receiving element 2. In this case as well, the two light-receiving element signals are each amplified and then compared by the divider circuit [1]. This ratio value is sent to the divider circuit port together with the value previously stored in the memory cell.
以上の経過を数式で説明すると次のようになる。The above process can be explained numerically as follows.
■ｌＪ煙検知用元源光源初期発光量
■４を感度補償用光源４の初期発光量
■２ ； 煙検知用受光素子２の受光ｈ【’３ ＋感度
補償用受）１５素子３の受光量ｋｓ 、 ｋ２ 、輸、
に４；光源変動、受光素子Ｊｅ度変化、素子表向の汚れ
等による影響
度合
とすると、ある時刻において、
光源４による受光量；
Ｃ４ベーＣ４→と考えられるから
工２／■３−に２／に３・・・・・・・・・・・・０光
源１による受光量；
は比例定数）
”２／ Ｉｓ ＝ Ｃ＋−ｚ（１・ｋ２／Ｃｓ−＋、・
ｋ３−−−−■■、■の比をとると
比＝Ｃ＋−２（Ｘ ） ／Ｃ＋−３
となり、煙濃度（ｘ）のみに依存し、ｋｌ、 ＩＣ２，
ｋｓ 。■lJ Initial light emission amount of source light source for smoke detection ■4 Initial light emission amount of light source 4 for sensitivity compensation ■2; Light reception h of light receiving element 2 for smoke detection ['3 + sensitivity compensation receiver) 15 Light reception amount of element 3 ks, k2, import,
4; Considering the degree of influence due to light source fluctuations, changes in the Je degree of the light receiving element, dirt on the surface of the element, etc., at a certain time, the amount of light received by the light source 4 is considered to be: /3・・・・・・・・・0 Amount of light received by light source 1; is a proportionality constant) ”2/ Is = C+-z(1・k2/Cs-+,・
Taking the ratio of k3−−−■■,■, the ratio = C+−2(X)/C+−3, which depends only on the smoke concentration (x), and kl, IC2,
ks.
−には全く依存しないことになる。すなわち、割算回路
【３の出力は、光源変動、受光素子感度変化、素子表向
のｔ９れ等による影響を全く受けないことになる。− will not depend on it at all. That is, the output of the divider circuit [3 is completely unaffected by variations in the light source, changes in the sensitivity of the light-receiving element, t9 deviation of the surface of the element, and the like.
従って、煙濃度（ｘ）の増加につれ、上記比の値すなわ
ち割算回路Ｂの出力値が増大し、予め設定された値を越
えると、闇値判別スイッチ回路１４がオンになり、警報
装置１５が作動する。Therefore, as the smoke density (x) increases, the value of the ratio, that is, the output value of the dividing circuit B increases, and when it exceeds a preset value, the dark value discrimination switch circuit 14 is turned on, and the alarm device 15 is activated.
而して、上記実施例においては、感度補正用光源４の表
面汚れによる両受光素子２．３への光の減衰の割合が、
両受光素子間で同一であるという前提があったが、光源
４の汚れ方が部分的に異なる場合が生じれば、この前提
は正しくない。すなわち、完全に補償できないことにな
る。Therefore, in the above embodiment, the rate of attenuation of light to both light receiving elements 2.3 due to surface dirt of the sensitivity correction light source 4 is as follows:
Although there was an assumption that both light receiving elements were the same, this assumption would be incorrect if the light source 4 were partially contaminated in different ways. In other words, it cannot be completely compensated.
第４図に示す実施例は、上記問題点を改善するためにな
されたもので、その構成は、１１１記感度補償用元源４
の前面に、すりガラスの如き拡散透光板Ｉ６を設けたこ
とを特徴とし、その他の構成は前記実Ｍｕ例と同様であ
る。なお、図中４′は視野限定用の７−ドである。The embodiment shown in FIG. 4 was made to improve the above-mentioned problem, and its configuration is as follows:
It is characterized in that a diffuser transparent plate I6 such as frosted glass is provided on the front surface of the device, and the other configurations are the same as those of the actual Mu example. In addition, 4' in the figure is a 7-door for limiting the field of view.
このように構成することにより、拡散透几板１６のどの
部分からも両受）゛Ｃ素子２．３に均等に光が出射され
、部分的に汚れ方が異なっても、その影響は両受元素子
２．３間で同一となり、前記問題点は解決される。With this configuration, light is evenly emitted from any part of the diffuser transparent plate 16 to the C element 2.3, and even if it is partially contaminated in a different manner, the influence will not be affected by both. The elements 2 and 3 are the same, and the above problem is solved.
（発明の効果）
本発明は上記のように、煙検知用光源と、該元源からの
北が直接入射しない位置に配設され、煙による上記光源
の散乱光を検出する煙検知用受光素子から成る煙感知器
において、上記光源からの光を直接検出する感度補償用
受光素子を設けると共に、上記両受光素子に直接入射す
る光を出す感度補償用光源を設けたことを特徴とするの
で、かかる感知器を用い、上記感度補償用光源による両
受光素子の受光量比をめ、しかる後、煙検知用光源によ
る両受光素子の受光量比をめ、さらに前者と後者の受光
量比の比をとり、この比の値が所定値より越えた時、警
報装置が作動するように構成すれば、光源変動、光源及
び受光素子の窓汚れ、受光素子の感度変化等に基づく感
知器の警報感度変化が完全になくなり、常に正しい煙濃
度で感知器が作動する煙検出装置を提供できる。(Effects of the Invention) As described above, the present invention includes a light source for smoke detection, and a light receiving element for smoke detection that is disposed at a position where the north light from the source does not directly enter and detects light scattered from the light source by smoke. A smoke detector comprising: a sensitivity compensation light receiving element that directly detects light from the light source; and a sensitivity compensation light source that emits light that is directly incident on both of the light receiving elements. Using such a sensor, measure the ratio of the amount of light received by both light-receiving elements by the light source for sensitivity compensation, then measure the ratio of the amount of light received by both light-receiving elements by the light source for smoke detection, and then measure the ratio of the amount of light received by the former and the latter. If the alarm device is configured to operate when the value of this ratio exceeds a predetermined value, the alarm sensitivity of the sensor will be reduced based on changes in the light source, dirt on the windows of the light source and light receiving element, changes in the sensitivity of the light receiving element, etc. It is possible to provide a smoke detection device in which changes are completely eliminated and the sensor always operates at the correct smoke concentration.
第１図は従来例の簡略平面図、第２図は本発明の一実施
例を示す簡略平面図、第３図は本発明に係る煙感知器を
用いた煙検出装置のブロック図、第４回は本発明の異な
る実施例の要部を示す簡略平面図である。
１・・・煙検知用光源、２・・・煙検知用受光素子、３
・・・感度補償用受光素子、４・・・感度補償用光１’
Ａ。
特許出願人
松下電工株式会社
代理人弁理士 竹 元 敏 丸
（ほか２名）
ゼFIG. 1 is a simplified plan view of a conventional example, FIG. 2 is a simplified plan view showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a smoke detection device using a smoke detector according to the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a simplified plan view showing main parts of different embodiments of the present invention. 1... Light source for smoke detection, 2... Light receiving element for smoke detection, 3
...Sensitivity compensation light receiving element, 4...Sensitivity compensation light 1'
A. Patent applicant Matsushita Electric Works Co., Ltd. Representative patent attorney Toshimaru Takemoto (and 2 others)
Claims (1)
い位置に配設され、煙による上記光源の散乱光を検出す
る煙検知用受光素子すら成る煙感知器において、上記光
源からの光を直接検出する感度補償用受光素子を設ける
と共に、上記両受光素子に直接入射する光を出す感度補
竺用光源を設けたことを特徴とする充電式煙感知器。 （２１上記感度補償用光源の前面に拡散透光板を設けた
ことを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項記載の充電式煙
感知器。(1) In a smoke detector that includes a smoke detection light source and a smoke detection light receiving element that is disposed at a position where the light from the light source does not directly enter and detects light scattered from the light source by smoke, A rechargeable smoke detector, characterized in that it is provided with a sensitivity compensation light receiving element that directly detects light, and a sensitivity compensation light source that emits light that is directly incident on both of the light receiving elements. (21) The rechargeable smoke detector according to claim 1, further comprising a diffuser-transmitting plate provided in front of the sensitivity compensation light source.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1121784A JPS60154142A (en) | 1984-01-24 | 1984-01-24 | Photoelectric smoke sensor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1121784A JPS60154142A (en) | 1984-01-24 | 1984-01-24 | Photoelectric smoke sensor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS60154142A true JPS60154142A (en) | 1985-08-13 |
Family
ID=11771797
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1121784A Pending JPS60154142A (en) | 1984-01-24 | 1984-01-24 | Photoelectric smoke sensor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS60154142A (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0212399A (en) * | 1988-06-29 | 1990-01-17 | Shimizu Corp | Composite type smoke sensor for clean room |
| JPH0396834A (en) * | 1989-09-08 | 1991-04-22 | Takagi Ind Co Ltd | Concentration measuring instrument |
| JPH0396839A (en) * | 1989-09-08 | 1991-04-22 | Takagi Ind Co Ltd | Concentration measuring instrument |
| JPH0622552U (en) * | 1992-08-28 | 1994-03-25 | 株式会社クボタ | Rotating shaft oil seal device for engine power transmission mechanism |
| KR101098326B1 (en) | 2009-07-10 | 2011-12-26 | 주식회사 세원하이텍 | fire detector |
| KR101179082B1 (en) * | 2009-07-10 | 2012-09-04 | 주식회사 세원하이텍 | Control method of the fire detector |
| JP2013529296A (en) * | 2010-04-21 | 2013-07-18 | スプルー・セーフティー・プロダクツ・リミテッド | Optical smoke detector |
| JP2018105675A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2018-07-05 | パイオニア株式会社 | Measurement device, method for measurement, computer program, and recording medium |
-
1984
- 1984-01-24 JP JP1121784A patent/JPS60154142A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0212399A (en) * | 1988-06-29 | 1990-01-17 | Shimizu Corp | Composite type smoke sensor for clean room |
| JPH0396834A (en) * | 1989-09-08 | 1991-04-22 | Takagi Ind Co Ltd | Concentration measuring instrument |
| JPH0396839A (en) * | 1989-09-08 | 1991-04-22 | Takagi Ind Co Ltd | Concentration measuring instrument |
| JPH0622552U (en) * | 1992-08-28 | 1994-03-25 | 株式会社クボタ | Rotating shaft oil seal device for engine power transmission mechanism |
| KR101098326B1 (en) | 2009-07-10 | 2011-12-26 | 주식회사 세원하이텍 | fire detector |
| KR101179082B1 (en) * | 2009-07-10 | 2012-09-04 | 주식회사 세원하이텍 | Control method of the fire detector |
| JP2013529296A (en) * | 2010-04-21 | 2013-07-18 | スプルー・セーフティー・プロダクツ・リミテッド | Optical smoke detector |
| JP2018105675A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2018-07-05 | パイオニア株式会社 | Measurement device, method for measurement, computer program, and recording medium |
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