JPS60152296A - Drive controller for inverter - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To protect a compressor and to increase the reliability of a system by varying data one by one when correcting the timer value of a data unit timer, thereby eliminating a variation in the abrupt output voltage. CONSTITUTION:The first microcomputer 5 generates a carrier period Tphi by its own signal generating means for inputted motor rotating frequency command (f- set), outputs the signal to the second microcomputer 6, and outputs T2 data for the signal of a unit timer T2 formed by the microcomputer 6. The signal inputted to the microcomputer 5 by a power source voltage variation detector 18 is outputted as boost data to the microcomputer 6 to correct the data unit timer T2 timer. At this time, the microcomputer 6 varies T2 data one by one.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an inverter drive control device suitable for drive control of compressors for air conditioners, refrigerators, etc., and relatively small output single-conductor motors for industrial use.

Conventional configuration and its problems Control methods for inverters that drive electric motors include PAM,
Several methods are known, such as P'WM, but among them, the sine wave approximation unequal width PWM method improves the utilization rate of the power supply, reduces the size of the device by 1 gram, and reduces the size of the box by 1 wave. Reduction of sound generation 1 hill,
It is superior in terms of noise, vibration, etc., and has become mainstream in recent years.

The sine wave approximation PWM method is a method that generates a two-product M algorithm so that the integral value of the voltage applied to the motor windings approximates a sine wave, as shown in Figures 13 and 5. .

Here, the ALT''' system, which is the basis of the present invention, will be explained as a conventional example.

FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of the impertinent stem. 1 is a smooth part that generates direct current from the bending electric current W, 2 is an in...
3 is an electric motor, and 4 is an inverter drive control circuit.

Next, FIG. 2 shows an example configured for use in an air conditioner. 1′
is a smoothing rectifier, 2' is an impark using a transistor, 3' is a compressor, 4' is an inverter drive control circuit, 4
4b is a photocoupler, and 4C is a driver that supplies the base current of the transistor.

PWM algorithm generator 4? - The signal generated in
', which drives the three-phase compression core 3'. The transistors of the inverter 2' are composed of three pairs of upper and lower arms, and the upper and lower arms perform switching operations that are inverted from each other, and are never turned on at the same time.

FIG. 3 shows the signals applied to each transistor and the voltage waveforms applied to the two pressure pulses.

u, v, and 冑 indicate the base signals of the upper arm transistors, respectively. Also, U-V, V-W, W
-U are the voltage waveforms applied to each winding of the compressor 3'. As is clear from the diagram, is the egg stamped in the compressor? fyi: The pressure is configured to approximate a sine wave when integrated, and the period of this voltage) ζ tanine determines the rotation speed of the compressor.

The PWM algorithm will be explained in θC. Figure 4 shows the concept of a ``carrier''.

In FIG. 4, the half period of the sine wave is divided into equal parts by an integer N.

This N (T-' is called a "carrier", and the period T' divided into N equal parts is called a "carrier period".

The voltage take per gear period ′rφ is calculated by ζrus width and [7
As shown in Figure 3, the algorithm can be created as +i4.

The voltage value applied to the compressor will be explained with reference to FIG. 6. Assume that a constant voltage is generated using the algorithm shown in Figure 35a. If the pulse width is increased proportionally to each pulse, the waveform shown in FIG. 5 will be obtained, and the integral value will also be proportionally increased by 1].

That is, the output voltage can be increased or decreased in proportion to the pulse width.

Next, the pulse width and "'HALT" which determine the voltage will be explained using FIG. 6.

Take' divided into multiple parts within carrier period °1'
(e) There is time in the area, and the remaining time is 'HA L T
''' area and 11゛Y-.This 1 (AL'
l-j in the l' region: Voltage data is not output.

It is assumed that the data area time is sufficiently short for a carrier period of 1°φ1. This state is shown in FIG. 6a. Next, as shown in Figure 6, the carrier period Tφ is taken as a factor, and T
Let it be φ(2). At this time, if the data area time is constant, the frequency f is doubled (carrier period A), and the output voltage V
will also be doubled. This is because the pulse width relative to the carrier period T is doubled.

Therefore, if the data lock time is kept constant and the carrier period T is changed, the carrier group 1gJ Tuni inverse ratio 1]L,
)1゛] The wave number f changes, and the voltage V increases in proportion to the frequency f.
The dirt decreases.

This ■/f pattern ladder is shown in FIG.

At this time, the ``)!ALT'' period also changes as a ``data pause period''.

Next, details of the data chain acid will be explained with reference to FIG.

As explained in Fig. 6, the data area (-) is divided into integers, and the divided fundamental period is defined as the data unit timer T2.In other words, the voltage is divided into logic patterns 7 with a resolution of 2, and the values are the data It is given by unit timer T2.

Naturally, as explained above, the larger the values of the pseudocarriers N1 and K, the closer the voltage applied to the compressor can be to a sine wave.

FIG. 8 2Li/Here, the carrier period Tφ is Tφ(1
), and the data unit timer 1"2 is T2(1).

Next, as shown in FIG. 8, the data unit timer T2 is doubled to T2(2). At this time, the data area time (T2xK) is doubled, and "h A L T"
Time decreases relative vc.

At this time, the output voltage is doubled. When the carrier period T is further changed from this result, the respective v/f patterns become as shown in FIG.

Next, in FIG. 9, as the voltage V increases, the ``H person LT'' area shown in FIG. 8 decreases.As the voltage V increases further, there is a point where the ``I(MUL'1'' area) disappears.

If the voltage applied to the compressor is smooth and the leveled DC voltage value is constant, this point becomes the limit. Therefore, above this point, the frequency f
y, rise. When l first occurs, the voltage V reaches a ceiling, resulting in a constant voltage change.

This situation will be explained using FIG. 10.

Circle the '11 A L T' area like the 10th Na.
Then, the carrier period Tヮ(3) is equally divided into the number of data, and a data unit timer T2(1) is provided. In other words, Tφ(
3)=K x T2(1). Next, Figure 10b F
As shown in C, the carrier group M'T YuwoT spreads over the entire frequency range.
<6(4), then T, , (3) is T, (4)-k
l, x'r2 (3).

At this time, since the data area time ratio in the carrier period 1' is 4, the voltage is constant in both cases. This situation is shown in FIG.

Next, the relationship between the inverter output and the load will be explained.

If the inverter output is negative and dt is a resistive load, the voltage is 2
Proportional to the power.

As for the compressor, the amount of work is proportional to the amount of refrigerant displaced within the cylinder, so when the rotational speed is low, fewer fires are displaced, and when the rotational speed is high, the displacement ht increases.

A constant ratio ψ11 relationship between the power, frequency, output power, and pressure is determined.

1~However, in the actual glans unit (compressor motor), iron loss, copper loss, etc. increase in the low frequency range, so the voltage is increased upward in the low frequency range, as shown in Figure 12. The so-called boost function that corrects it is a must.

In addition, for '1h, source voltage change 1, as shown in Figure 13, the V/f pattern at 51 case '11 voltage is set to a, and when the voltage is low, C1 power supply voltage is In case 1 is high, the V/f pattern is b, and the compressor torque and efficiency are 'Jf knee'jJi, but in that case, '1i,
The data unit timer 1°2, which controls the pressure component, was changed to -1.

In other words, the frequency is f. In this case, if the data unit timer T2 is ffK in B, then the data unit timer T2 is ffK in B.
-2,c data unit timer 1°2fz K
-t-3.

In this case, since the output voltage changes rapidly, an overcurrent flows, and this causes the compressor to break down, causing serious problems in terms of reliability, lifespan, etc. of the compressor.

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION The present invention eliminates the drawbacks of the above-mentioned method, and provides a data unit timer T2 that composes 4.74 voltage data consisting of a number of steps that give a voltage component in one carrier period.
When correcting the timer value, by changing the T2 data one by one, the drastic output i::jlJ= can be eliminated and the compressor operation and system reliability can be improved.
It is a small object whose purpose is to warm the air.

In order to achieve the 1-1 objective of the invention (IC), the present invention provides a system for independently operating the carrier group Jul"1゛ψ, data (11th place timer 1゛2) and converting it into digital data. Equipped with two microcombeaters having optical generation means, for carrier period Tψ and ]σ'' time switching of data unit timer T2,
Same standard oscillation frequency for two microcomputers? The number of skins is input as the system clock, and the first microconbeater receives the input 71. In response to the L-motor rotational frequency command, a carrier period τφ is generated by its own signal generating means, and this signal is output to the second microcomputer, and at the same time, the data unit timer T2 generated by the second microcomputer is Outputs T2 data for communication.

The signal input from the source voltage fluctuation detection circuit to the first microcomputer is output as boost data to the second microcomputer, and the data unit timer T
2 Correct the timer. At this time, the second microcomputer changes the T2 data one by one.

The second microcomputer accesses the ROM data using the carrier period Tφ and the signal of the timer unit timer T2, and performs sine wave approximation P using the ``iA'L T'' method.
A WM type inverter drive control device is constructed.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS The inverter drive control device of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 13 to 19 showing one embodiment thereof.

FIG. 13 is a V/f pattern diagram. a is the case where the power supply voltage is at the rated value, and the above-mentioned boost in the low frequency range is added. b is the V/f pattern when the power supply voltage is high, and e is the V/f pattern when the power supply voltage is low.

Now, set the frequency to f. Then, in the case of a, the data unit timer T2 is the value of K, but to obtain the V/f pattern of b, the data unit timer T21K-2 is used, and to obtain the V/f pattern of C, The data unit timer T2 may be set to +3. In other words, the V/f slope is determined by the data unit timer T2, and 'j'
To keep /f constant, when the power supply voltage is low, set the data unit timer T2.By increasing the stain pressure, the pressure approaches the output cuff at the rated voltage, and when the power supply voltage is high, the data By reducing the unit timer T2 and reducing the stain pressure (2), the output voltage can be brought close to the rated voltage.

Now, this data unit timer T2f is -2°K from HK.
When changing LI-3, when changing from K to -2, it goes through -1, and when changing to +s, it changes through stages, such as Id-' + 1 + K + 2. This allows smooth changes to be made without putting any strain on the compressor.

FIG. 15 is a circuit diagram, and FIG. 16 is a block diagram.

In FIG. 15, 5 is the first microcomputer, 6
is the second microcomputer.

7 is a reference frequency oscillation circuit, which is inputted to the O8C terminals of the microcomputers 5 and 6 in the valley. The first microcomputer 5 is manually supplied with a commercial frequency of 50/6011z and f-set, which is a rotational frequency command for the electric motor. Moreover, from the first microcomputer 6 to the second microcomputer 6, 8r! The carrier family 1171' was created using the microcomputer 5 of 1! 'φ
The signal and T2 data for the data unit timer T2 generated by the second microcomputer are output. And P'W from brown 2's microcomputer 6
The M signal is output to the motor.

18 is a power supply voltage fluctuation calculation circuit, and a comparator 19
has. The power supply voltage is stepped down by a transformer 2o and then passed through a rectifier circuit 21. The frost pressure is smoothed by a capacitor 22 and compared with a reference 7L pressure by a comparator 19 to detect power supply voltage fluctuations. As a result, as the power supply voltage increases,
If it becomes low, an L'' signal is input to the first microconbeater 5. By increasing the number of switched comparators 19, the rate of power supply voltage fluctuation can be detected in more detail.

FIG. 16 is a block diagram.

5V60f manually powered by the first microcomputer 5
iz is the open frequency input for creating the system noken timer. In order to drive the compressor, means for gradually changing the frequency toward the I'' target frequency VC is required, and this input constitutes a timer that provides the speed at which the frequency changes.

f-Set is an input that gives the target frequency f, and the frequency approaches the value set manually.

The reference oscillation input is frequency-divided by system clock sections 8 and 9 to obtain a system clock output. This system clock is divided by Tφ timer frequency divider 101T2 timer frequency divider; 11
．． The controllers 12 and 13 are manually operated, and the controllers 12 and 13 execute the program and serve as a reference for creating the key rear cycle T and i - + data unit timer T2.Then, the carrier cycle is 1, and the data unit The dark value of the timer T2 is stored in the ROM'17 of the first microcomputer 5 in correspondence with each frequency, and is stored in the ROM'17 of the first microcomputer 5.
- Corresponds to 5et input value (7 gear period T, data unit timer T data is sent via control section 12, gear carrier period T is 1゛φφ timer 1
0V is set to 1, and data of 2 by the data unit timer is sent from the control p51112 to the control section 13 of the second microcomputer 6, and set in the T2 timer frequency divider 11 of the second microcomputer 6. At this time, by manually inputting the boost data obtained by the power supply voltage fluctuation output circuit 18 to the second microcomputer 61C, a correction IE is applied to the data unit timer T2, and in this case, the correction value is changed by one.

Then, the carrier period Tφ created by the first microcomputer 5 is input to the second microcomputer 6, and is processed for interrupt processing along with the data unit T2 created by the second microcomputer 6. tOMl 5 (inputted into the control unit 13 of the second microcomputer 6 and stored PWM data via the address counter 14) is sequentially accessed, and the control unit 1
3 via the data latch 16 indicated by U,
The data of the v and w phases are divided into 1 m order.

System open side IK required functions, such as refrigeration cycle processing, communication processing with the indoor control microcomputer of the separate air conditioner, four-way valve, fan motor processing, current control, defrosting? ii control etc. are processed by the control section 12 of the first microcomputer.

Next, the flowchart for realizing the embodiment is shown in FIG.
It is shown in Figure 8. FIG. 17 shows the first microcomputer 6
shows the '1''φ timer section processed by.

Figure 18 shows the T processed by the second microgo/bini.
The timer and PWM waveform output processing are shown.

All data contents of ROM 15 shown in Figure 16 are as follows:
It is shown in Figure 9.

As shown in FIG. 19, the PWM data area in J-fi CI M stores one cycle of the sine wave approximation PWM waveform continuously. l? ,t)n,V)
1, WH, UL, VL, WI, , 7-
, and ' i (indicating ALT ' period) iALT
DATARND data indicating the end of one cycle of data data is assigned to each.

"Furthermore, the timing of actual waveform output is shown in Fig. 14.

FIG. 14 illustrates one output of U, V, and W.

First, as shown in Figure 17, the first microcontroller/vibrator 5 inputs the target frequency f-set, and outputs 1° data and 1°2 data 2RO according to that frequency.
From the table of M17, read η or 12 data and output the boost data, which is the correction value of the data unit timer T2, from the city, source 'tli l1lE K dynamic input to the second microcomputer 6, A Tφ timer is set, and after determining whether the time is up, the Tφ multiplied signal is similarly output to the second microcomputer 5.

Next, as shown in FIG. 18, the second microcomputer 6 initializes the PWM data, reads the T2 data and boost data output from the first microcomputer 6, and sets the T2 timer.
Waiting for the time to be up and moving on to the next program.

In other words, the T2 timer is set from the boost data which is the correction value of the r2 data and the data unit timer T2, but if the correction value is O, the T2 data is used as is, and if the correction value or it is the T2 data. Add correction value. At that time, 1゛2 data is 1□Dek''-1
If i + ii is set to -1, then the deL unit timer 1゛2 changes by one in one loop 'll1-, and the correction value is 415 W ~ 1j-. Therefore, when it is changed to the final correction value, the correction becomes 111Ii-o, which becomes data unit timer T2ul'2 data+boost data.

Therefore, the data END is determined by reading the P '9v M data from 1 (OM). At first, it is not possible to use the data END, so next, the HALT determination is performed.
Since this is the first take in N1, it becomes "N11" and the take is output.

Next, input the second data. By repeating this process, the data is outputted. After the data has been output up to D6, 'HALT' becomes Y, and at this point, the carrier period T is determined by the interruption sent from the first microconverter 5. At this point, when the carrier period Tφ is If not, then write r(A L T '",
It waits for an interrupt with a carrier cycle T, and when the carrier cycle T is accepted as an interrupt, returns to the previous state and outputs the next data D1.

"' fi A L T '" becomes Y, and at this point it is an egg with a carrier period of 1°φ, and the long sword is It Y 11
If so, the address of the P VI M data is immediately incremented by 1, and the original V is returned to output the next data D1.

Now, in the last data of one cycle of data, take M
The tail of IND becomes 1Y'', the last data is output, the PWM data is initialized to 111 which enters the MvC of one person, and the process returns to the beginning.

In this way, data for one cycle is output one after another, and the frequency f and voltage V are determined based on the carrier cycle Tφ and the value of the take unit timer T2, and a desired PWM pattern is obtained.

PWM data carrier period Tφ, data unit timer T
If there is no change in 2, the same data as before is output repeatedly. When boost data is changed, carrier period T
φ remains the same, but the take unit timer T2 K correction value is added and the box pressure changes. Carrier cycle timer, data unit timer TZ
When changing to tK, the PWM pattern remains the same as before,
The frequencies f and 'IF and the pressure V change, respectively. If the leading band of the data address is changed, a PWM pattern with a different carrier N and data number K will be selected.

The leading band of this data address is a carrier period of 1゛.

Data unit timer T2 is the ability as an air conditioner.

The current, temperature settings, etc. are compared and calculated and determined in advance by the first microcomputer 5.

In this way, the algorithm of the sine wave approximation unequal width PWM method is generated, and the rotation speed of the compressor can be smoothly controlled.

Effects of the Invention As is clear from the above embodiment 1+11, according to the inverter drive control device of the present invention, in the sine wave approximation unequal width Pwm method, the R'OM area is small and V'/
The f pattern has a carrier period Tφ and a data unit timer T.
In the HAL T' method, which can be turned on with only 2 operations and can have smooth change characteristics from 1 onwards,
To the take unit timer T2 that detects power supply voltage fluctuations and records the output voltage component? Considering the L source voltage fluctuation market value 11, the change should be done in stages & (from T, constant output 'Ij1: pressure total I4) with respect to power supply voltage fluctuation, and at the same time,
It has the revolutionary effect of being able to exhibit smooth change characteristics.

-Furthermore, since the ROM area of the second microconbeater is small, one microconbeater can have a pattern of 4 to 4 in the number of carriers and the number of takes depending on the application, and the system ii+lJ 1111
1 By changing only the first microconbeater of Llj, the sine wave approximation p vr M mA dynamic control tfi
1 device can be configured in a wide variety of ways.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a block diagram of an inverter system, Figure 2 is a block diagram of an air conditioner inverter system, Figure 3 is a diagram of the voltage waveforms applied to the transistors and compressor of the same system (IC), and Figure 4 is a diagram of the voltage waveforms applied to the Fig. 5 ab is an explanatory diagram of the pressure applied to the 100 machines with the same pressure, and Figs. 6 a and b are the "' Ii, ALT'
"A timing diagram of the take area explaining the carrier period 1゛φ, Figure 7 is the data 44 of the same/Steroku
2 is a constant Vlf pattern diagram, Figures 8a and 8b are timing diagrams of different take areas explaining the data unit timer T2, and Figure 9 is a timing diagram of the take unit timer T2.
Figure 10a, v/f pattern diagram when changing .
b is a data area timing diagram of the pressure distribution area, and FIG. 11 is a V'/V pattern diagram including the constant voltage area. Fig. 12 is a V/f pattern diagram including a low frequency voltage boost, and Fig. 13 is an example of an embodiment of the present invention (1/1 inverter)7. Movement? (Fig. 14 shows the ■/f pattern diagram for the standard voltage fluctuation of the i control device.
FIG. 15 is a timing diagram of a data processing area that employs digital processing in a 1u+11i control device. FIG. 15 is a circuit diagram of an inverter 1 drive device showing an embodiment of the present invention.
The figure shows the same inverter 5 drive 1tll fjl equipment professional.
*'>1'y diagram shows the same inverter 1 drive brake tree 1.
FIG. 18 is a flowchart of the carrier group jul Tψ processing in the device; FIG.
Figure 9 is 11 Reinbark Kuriho l '11jli? i]
There is a PWM data area NIL diagram τ' of the 11 device ν (ROM 1) 1. 1...Set b1 rate slip iη[S, 2...in...-even, 3...j lower contraction, 4 inverter, bar 1 1 iji 11 season 111! '、I烙、5 ・First microcomputer, 6...Second microcomputer, 7...Kicho Shuhe number 4 circuit, 8.9.
System clock, 10-- Tφ square divider (
1 + issue i generation + establishment), 118. T231 N minute 11°
, 4 gain (I.C) generation means), 12 first microcomputer control γq+513 ° second microcomputer control section, 14 address counter, 15 ... second microcomputer hO France, 16-・Second microcomputer-evening data Lanona, 17...ROM of the first microcomputer, 18・Electric bullet 'city j top fluctuation detection circuit. Name of agent: Ben 19 Toshio Nakao and 1 other person Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 10 Figure 11 Figure 12 Figure 13 Figure 1/jp y4 Gengan f (=)t-pisノ1
Figure 7Figure 18

Claims (1)

[Claims] A first timer comprising a power supply voltage fluctuation detecting means, a carrier N, and a signal generating means for generating a first timer signal corresponding to the carrier N and having a carrier period T for determining the rotation speed of the electric motor. 1 microcomputer, a signal generating means for generating a second timer signal constituting voltage data consisting of a plurality of steps giving a voltage component in one carrier period, and a signal generating means for generating a signal of a second timer, and storing the data in the order of generation so that there is no voltage data data. a second microconbeater having a ROM having a HALT region with an output in which no voltage is applied to the motor in the time domain;
Said 1st. The second microcomputer is provided with a system clock that receives the same input, and the first microcomputer receives the motor rotation frequency command and the power supply voltage fluctuation signal, and also inputs the first timer signal and @2. T2 data for the second timer signal created by the microcomputer, and T2 data created by the second microconbeater to change the output voltage according to power supply voltage fluctuations.
A control unit is provided for outputting boost data for changing 1.2 to the second microcomputer, and in the second microcomputer, the data access starts at the first. Second timer: The next data access is performed by the second timer, and the data unit timer T2 is changed by 1 by the boost data to change the output voltage so as to reach the final data unit timer, and the carrier An inverter drive control device that sets T and a data unit timer T2 as independent digital values, and outputs them from the second microconbeater to the electric motor.