JPS60136174A - Selecting and recovering process of waste dry batteries - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make recycling easy by separating dry batteries having the same shape into manganese dry batteries and alkaline dry batteries and mechanically processing every batteries having same shape and same system to decompose to each component and recover them. CONSTITUTION:Used D size batteries A, C size batteries B, and AA size batteries C are put into a battery container 41. Dry batteries are lifted with hooks 43 of a conveyor 42 and passed through grids having slits corresponding to the diameter of batteries to select the shape of batteries. Then system classifying equipment 44 classifies batteries into manganese dry batteries and alkaline dry batteries and feeds batteries to turn tables 50 and 55. Classifying is performed by the difference of weight or action to magnet. Mechanical processing is conducted every batteries having the same shape and same system and each component is recovered in recovering containers 91-99.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention collects a large amount of used waste dry batteries, separates them according to shape and type, and then disassembles the dry batteries into their component parts through mechanical processing, and collects and recycles them. Regarding the processing method.

Type 11 (Type '1) (With the increase in i-products, the consumption of dry cell batteries has been rapidly increasing, and in recent years, the consumption of alkaline batteries in the longitudinal direction suitable for continuous use has surpassed that of conventional manganese dry batteries. However, according to a survey by the Japan Battery and Appliance Manufacturers Association, one AA-size manganese dry cell contains 3.5 mg, and 1 AA-size alkaline battery 1
1.3g of mercury is contained in one manganese dry cell, and similarly, one manganese dry cell contains Q,
3 mg 1 One alkaline dry cell contains 0.2 g of mercury, and it is said that the amount of mercury used to manufacture dry cells in one year reaches 107 tons. Until now, used batteries have been collected in general trash cans or special containers, and then landfilled or incinerated, but if today's mass consumption continues It is clear from experience that large amounts of hazardous substances leak from the ground and incineration plants, causing harm to the human body.

Therefore, there is an urgent need for a processing method for collecting and detoxifying used waste dry batteries in large quantities. In addition, as resources are scarce, it is desirable to recycle as much of the collected waste dry batteries as possible.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a processing method that can collect a large amount of waste dry batteries and remove and recover harmful substances such as mercury contained in the dry batteries. It's about doing.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a processing method that enables recycling of dry batteries by subjecting them to mechanical processing, disassembling them into component parts, and recovering them.

The method for sorting and collecting waste dry batteries according to the present invention includes: Single 2. Place AA and other manganese batteries and alkaline batteries in the battery stocker, and place the batteries into AA batteries based on their external shape.
．． Single 2. The shapes are printed on AA size batteries, etc., and the batteries of the same shape are arranged in one direction and transported.The transported batteries are further separated into manganese dry batteries and alkaline batteries, and then mechanically processed for each battery of the same shape and type. ℃, including the steps of adding and decomposing the components into components, and collecting and recovering the decomposed components.

The mechanical processing can include a step of cutting the jacket side end of the dry battery with a grinder, or a step of separating the dry cell's inner cylindrical 5-degree bare rod, insulation seed □゛, current collector rod, etc. by tensile force. .

Other objects, features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description with reference to the embodiments of the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a process for sorting and collecting waste dry batteries according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a more specific operation process.

First, in step 11, the battery stocker (collection container) 41
Inside are used AA batteries A and AA batteries B.

A large amount of AA batteries C etc. can be accommodated in any orientation. Step 12
In this case, the seven hooks 43 of the belt conveyor 42 cut near the bottom of the stocker hold the dry batteries, and pass through a slatted lattice part 44 in which a slit corresponding to the diameter of the battery body is formed. According to single 1. Single 2. r
1i3°IE pond shape selection. In process step 3, dry YJI oil having the same shape is placed on a conveying device 1 (not shown), aligned in one direction, and conveyed. In step 14, a type discrimination device f'f 45 connected to the conveying device is used to determine whether the battery being transferred is a manganese i5i battery or an alkaline battery, and is placed on a separate turntable 5'0.
．． Send it up to 55. This is because the internal structure of manganese batteries and alkaline batteries is 51-, so the subsequent treatment processes are different systems. Manganese batteries and alkaline batteries can be distinguished by sieving using the 117')'jk difference using celestial (・1〆) or pie break, by using magnetic reaction IcE, and by various mechanisms. can be done.

First, I will explain the treatment process for manganese batteries. In step 15, the manganese battery is fixed at position N on the turntable 5O and rotated, and at a position rotated by 90°, the grinder 5o is pressed and the jacket (outer shell) 52 of the battery is cut.

Subsequently, the inner cylinder 53 of the battery is pushed out from the jacket 52 at a position rotated by 90 degrees and sent to the next turntable 6O (step 16), while the jacket 52 is rotated further by 90 degrees.
Jacket collection container 9 is removed from the turntable at the rotated position.
1 (step 17).

The inner cylinder 53 of the battery rotates on a turntable 6o,
At the position where the outer insulating sheet 61 has been rotated 90', the outer insulating sheath 61 is removed (step 18), and the removed insulating plastic and sealing plate 61 are discharged into the collection container 92 (step 19).

Subsequently, after turning 90', the carbon rod 62 and the zinc can 63 containing the mixture are separated, and the zinc can 63 containing the mixture is sent to the next turntable 70 (step 20). On the other hand, the carbon pellets 62 are discharged from the turntable into the collection container 93 after turning a further 90' (step 21).

The zinc can 63 containing the mixture is rotated on a turntable 7°, and the stirring rod 71 is rotated at 90° (111
The mixture is stirred by 00 degrees, and the mixture 72 is shaken off from the 10 cans 73 (earth and stone 2).
2). The mixture 73 falls into the recovery container 94 (work +
'+'; 23). On the other hand, the zinc can 73 is further (looo
1 and then released from the turntable into the recovery container 95 (Step 41."24).

Next, let's talk about the treatment process for alkaline batteries. In the upper step 25, the alkaline battery is fixed to the position tRM on the turntable 55 and rotated, and when it has turned 90 degrees, the grinder 56 is compressed and the jacket (outer shell) 5 of the battery is rotated.
7 or disconnected. Then, at a position rotated by 90°, the battery (near, 5s) is pushed out of the jacket 57 and sent to the next turntable 65 (step 26), while the jacket 57 is further rotated by 90° and is pushed out from the turntable. It is discharged into the jacket collection container 91 (step 17).

The inner cylinder 58 of the battery rotates on a turntable 65,
The outer insulating sheet 66 is removed at the position rotated by 90° (step 27), and the removed insulating plastic and sealing plate 6G are discharged into the collection container 99 (step 27).
19). Subsequently, at a position rotated by 90 degrees, the current collector rod 81 and the battery container 82 containing the mixture are divided, and the container 82 containing the mixture is sent to the next turntable 75 (step 28
). On the other hand, the current collector rod 81 is further rotated by 90° and is ejected from the turntable into the collection container 96 at 1i71 (Step F129).

The 9↓Ci'Lu j& container 82 containing the mixture rotates on the turntable 75, and at the position where it has turned 900 times, the negative electrode mixture 83 is applied to the separator. (Step 30), and is discharged into the negative electrode mixture collection container 97 (Step 31).On the other hand, the positive electrode mixture 84 is shaken off from the battery chamber q:+85 at a position further rotated by 90 degrees (Step 32). , correct] and into the mixture collection container 98 (step 23).

On the other hand't [Ikeyo f! 385 is discharged from the turntable into the collection container 99 at a position further rotated by 90 degrees (step 33).

Thus, the manganese heavy oil and the alkaline battery are each subjected to mechanical processing to be decomposed into constituent elements and recovered. Therefore, harmful substances such as mercury are accumulated in a specific collection container, so that they can be easily rendered harmless. In addition, economic effects can also be obtained by collecting metals such as zinc and recycling them.

In the above explanation, manganese batteries and alkaline batteries were illustrated, but the treatment process of the present invention can be applied to various primary batteries, secondary batteries, lithium batteries, nickel cadmium batteries,
It can be similarly applied to silver oxide batteries, mercury batteries, etc., and can contribute to detoxification and recycling.

According to the treatment process of the present invention, waste dry batteries of large size M can be safely treated in an integrated process, which not only helps prevent pollution but also provides economic benefits through recycling19.
, its effects are quite remarkable.

4 [Explanation of 1ffi car of drawings] FIG. 1 is a process diagram showing a method for sorting and collecting waste dry batteries according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a process diagram showing a specific treatment process.

A, B, C...Dry battery 41...Battery stocker 42.43,4. /l... Shape sorting device 45... Type discrimination device 50.55, 60, 65, 70.75 Self-turntable 51.56... Grinders 91 to 99... Recovery container Patent applicant Nakamura Akira Agent Patent Attorney Tadashi Ninomiya Filial Procedure Amendment ((Method) Showa 113; 9 Year 3/] 30 ['' Fang! Application No. 2421Ci1 No. 2 Name of the invention Method for sorting and collecting waste dry batteries 3 Relationship with the tenant making the amendment Patent issue j611″ 1 person Address 1-//-77 Tokiwadai, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo Name Kata Nakamura 4th generation”] Address: 26, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan (Nokukyaba-cho/-Otsu-/)
, 1qli] Subject details of L] 7I) 4] Side 7, Contents of supplement

Claims (1)

[Claims] ], 4i 1. , AA 2. AA 3'J manganese batteries and alkaline TL batteries are stored in the battery stocker, and the AA batteries are sorted based on their row shape. Single 2. Sorting the shapes into AA batteries, etc., arranging the 11-toe-shaped batteries in one direction and transporting them.
The transported dry ηΣ ponds are further separated into manganese dry batteries and alkaline dry batteries, and each battery of the same shape and type is divided into 1
1. Sorting and recovery facility for single-child dry batteries that include each "culm" that disassembles into six components and collects and collects the disassembled components.11! Method. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the mechanical processing includes the step of cutting the jacket side end of the dry battery with a grinder. 3. Inner cylinder of dry cell, carbon body for mechanical processing. 2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of separating the insulating seal, the current collector rod, etc. by a tensile force.