JPS60131324A - Power distribution device for automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To incorporate a differential gear lock mechanism in a limitted space in a simple and compact arrangement, by forming a splines in the outer peripheries of both cylinder parts of a sleeve to be coupled to the inner periphery of another cylinder part so that power may be transmitted to another cylinder part. CONSTITUTION:A differential lock mechanism D is positioned on a front axle 27 with an additional housing 23. The mechanism D is composed of the right cylindrical part 31b of a casing 31 for a front wheel differential gear unit 30, the right cylinder part 24b of a mount casing 24 and a stepped sleeve 29. The right cylinder part 31b has the same diameter as that of the left cylindrical part 31a, and maintains a circumferential clearance between itself and the front axle 27, and an inner spline similar to an inner spline in the left cylinder part 31a is provided in the inner periphery of the right cylinder part 31a. The right cylinder part 24b of the casing 2 is extended rotatably above the right cylinder part 31b of the casing 31, and the casings 24, 31 are coupled together to limit the relative rotation between both side gears 12, 13 in an intermediate differential gear unit 10.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a power split device for an automobile that is assembled to a transmission of a power transmission device for a four-wheel drive vehicle and constitutes the power transmission device together with the transmission.

[Prior art]

Conventionally, the power transmission system of a front-wheel drive vehicle with a horizontal front engine is used as is without any modification, and a planetary gear set with a differential function is added to the transmission output side of the power transmission system to generate a four-wheel drive vehicle. A technique for use as a power transmission device for a driving vehicle is proposed, for example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 56-154328.

However, in such a power transmission device, the planetary gear set has a completely different configuration from the bevel gear type differential device housed in the casing of the transmission in a front wheel drive vehicle power transmission device, and has a large diameter. Since the planetary gear set is provided with a ring gear, the planetary gear set cannot be housed in the casing of the transmission unless the casing of the transmission in the power transmission device of the front wheel drive vehicle is completely changed. Changing the casing of the transmission to a wider one goes against the above-mentioned technical philosophy of using the power transmission device of a single-wheel drive vehicle as it is without making any changes to it as a power transmission device of a four-wheel drive vehicle. In the prior art, the planetary gear set is arranged outside the casing of the transmission. In such a configuration, a space and support means for the planetary gear set are required outside the casing of the transmission, and the power transmission device inevitably becomes large and complicated. Furthermore, in order to prevent the large diameter ring gear of the planetary gear set arranged outside the casing of the transmission from interfering with the engine or transmission, the planetary gear set must be arranged at a sufficient distance from the engine or transmission. However, it has been difficult to downsize the power transmission device.

'One of the inventors of the present invention focused on the fact that the above-mentioned actual situation and the above-mentioned technical idea can also be applied to a rear-wheel-drive vehicle with a rear-mounted rear engine, and converted the above-mentioned type of front- or rear-wheel drive vehicle into a four-wheel drive vehicle. In constructing the device, he devised a power transmission device that could be made as small as possible and easily applied to small automobiles, and filed a patent application for this power transmission device in 1983-493.
A patent application has been filed as No. 48. The power transmission device includes a transmission that is assembled to an example of an engine disposed such that the crankshaft extends in the direction of the vehicle body 11 and includes an input shaft coaxial with the crankshaft and an output shaft parallel thereto; A bevel gear type that integrally supports the first ring gear, which is rotatably supported within the casing and constantly meshes with the output gear provided on the output shaft of the transmission, and divides power between the front and rear wheels. a first differential device, and a rear wheel or front wheel drive differential device assembled to a mount case disposed coaxially with the first differential device and rotatably supported within an additional housing assembled to the casing. a second ring gear; and a bevel gear type second differential for the front or rear wheels, which is rotatably assembled within the mount case and located coaxially with the first differential. , one axle connected to one side gear of the second differential so as to be capable of transmitting power is passed through one side cylindrical part of the case of the second differential and both side gears of the first differential. the other axle, which is connected to the other side gear of the second differential so as to be capable of transmitting power, passes through the other side cylindrical part of the case of the second differential and protrudes to the other side; The end of the first hollow shaft connected to one side gear of the sixteenth differential so as to transmit power and rotatably attached to the two front axles is attached to the case of the second differential. The first gear is coupled to the inner periphery of the one side cylinder portion in a power transmittable manner, and is coupled to the other side gear of the first differential device in a power transmittable manner.
．． The second hollow shaft female end, which is rotatably assembled on the hollow shaft, is connected to the inner periphery of the cylindrical portion on one side of the mount case so as to transmit power.

In a power transmission device with such a configuration, in a power transmission device for a front wheel or rear wheel drive vehicle, even if a bevel gear type front wheel or rear wheel differential device is housed in the transmission casing, Since the bevel gear-type 10th differential (intermediate differential) that divides and transmits power is housed in the same way, the casing does not need to be changed completely (of course, the intermediate differential There is no need for any space or support means outside the casing of the transmission, making it possible to downsize and simplify the power transmission device.

[Purpose of the invention]

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a differential lock mechanism (differential lock mechanism) for regulating the differential function of an intermediate differential device in a power split device constituting such a useful power transmission device.
The object of the present invention is to have a simple structure and compactly assemble it into a limited space within the power splitting device.

[Structure of the invention]

In order to achieve such an object, the present invention provides a power split device constituting the power transmission device according to the above-mentioned prior application, in which a power split device is provided on the other axle and on the inner periphery of the other side cylindrical portion of the case of the 20th differential device. A sleeve including a small-diameter cylindrical portion facing the cylindrical portion on the other side and a large-diameter cylindrical portion facing the inner periphery of the cylindrical portion on the other side of the mount case is assembled so as to be slidable in the axial direction and the circumferential direction, and the outer periphery of both cylindrical portions of the sleeve The structure is characterized by the provision of a spline that connects to the inner periphery of each of the other cylinder portions in a power transmittable manner.

[Action/effect of the invention]

Therefore, in the present invention, the differential locking mechanism of the first differential, which is the intermediate differential, can be configured simply as in the conventional differential without causing any trouble to the intermediate differential. Can be assembled compactly. Further, in the present invention, the internal spline of the other side cylindrical part of the case to which the sleeve is connected and the internal spline of the one side cylindrical part of the case to which the first hollow shaft is connected can be splined at the same time. There are advantages.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. 1 and 2 show a power split device for an automobile according to the present invention, and this power split device is assembled to a transmission M attached to one side of an engine (not shown). This transmission M is known as a power transmission device for a transverse front engine type front wheel drive vehicle that is integrated with a final reduction gear, and includes an input shaft M1 coaxial with a crankshaft (not shown) and an output shaft M2 parallel thereto. There is.

Therefore, in this embodiment, the transmission M
A bevel gear-type intermediate differential device 10 that divides and transmits power to the front wheels and rear wheels is installed in a portion of the casing M3 where a conventional final reduction gear has been installed. The intermediate differential device 10 integrally supports a ring gear 21 that meshes with an output gear M4 provided on an output shaft M2 of the transmission M, and is rotatably supported by a casing M3 of the transmission M in its case 11. has been done.

Further, a rear wheel drive ring gear 22 and a bevel gear type front wheel differential 30 are arranged on the side of the intermediate differential 1O, that is, behind the engine (not shown). The rear wheel drive ring gear 22 is disposed coaxially with the intermediate differential 10, and is fixed to a mount case 24 rotatably supported by an additional mounting 23 assembled to the casing M3 of the transmission M°. and the additional housing 23
The pinion shaft 25 is rotatably supported by the pinion shaft 25. The pinion shaft 25 is provided in the front-rear direction at the center of the vehicle, and is connected to the rear axle via a known propeller shaft (not shown) and a rear wheel final reduction gear so that power can be transmitted to the rear axle. Further, the front wheel differential device 30 is rotatably assembled within the mount case 24 using its case 31, and is arranged coaxially with the intermediate differential device 10.

In this embodiment, the left front axle 26 connected to the left side gear 32 of the front wheel differential 30 so as to be able to transmit power is connected to the left cylindrical portion 3 of the case 31 of the differential 30.
1a, a right front axle that protrudes to the left through the case 11 and both side gears 12 and 13 of the intermediate differential device 10, and is connected to the right side gear 33 of the front wheel differential device 30 so as to be capable of transmitting power; 27 is case 31. It penetrates the mount case 24 and the additional housing 23 and protrudes to the right. Further, the left side gear 12 of the intermediate differential 10 is coupled to the left end outer spline portion of a first hollow shaft 28 rotatably assembled on the front axle 26 so as to be capable of transmitting power. This hollow shaft 28 faces the inner periphery of the left cylindrical portion 31a of the case 31 of the front wheel differential 30, and is connected at its outer spline portion to the inner spline portion of the left cylindrical portion 31a so as to be capable of transmitting power. Further, a cylindrical portion 13'a of the right side gear 13 of the intermediate differential device 1O extends rotatably from the outer periphery of the hollow shirts 1 to 28. This cylindrical portion 13a constitutes a second hollow shaft, and faces the inner periphery of the left cylindrical portion 24a of the mount case 24, and is connected to the inner spline portion of the left cylindrical portion 24a through its outer spline portion so as to be capable of transmitting power. are doing.

In this embodiment, a differential lock mechanism is disposed within the additional housing 23 on the right front axle 27. The differential lock mechanism is constituted by a right cylindrical portion 31b of the case 31 of the front wheel differential f&30, a right cylindrical portion 24b of the mount case 24, and a stepped sleeve 29. The right cylinder part 31b of the case 31 is the left cylinder part 31a.
It is formed to have the same diameter as the front axle 27, and maintains a predetermined circumferential gap between it and the front axle 27.
It has internal splines similar to the internal splines of a.

Further, the right cylindrical portion 24b of the mount case 24 is formed to have the same diameter as the left cylindrical portion 24a, and is rotatably extended over the right cylindrical portion 31b of the case 31 and protrudes a predetermined length. The tail is provided with an internal spline similar to the internal spline of the cylindrical portion 24a. On the other hand, the stepped sleeve 29 includes a small diameter cylinder part 29a that can slide between the front axle 27 and the right cylinder part 3Ib of the case 31, and a large diameter cylinder part 29b that moves in and out of the right cylinder part 24b of the mount case 24, The outer peripheries of these two cylinder parts 29a, 29b are provided with respective right cylinder parts 31b, 24.
An outer spline is formed that meshes with the inner spline of b. This stepped sleeve 29 is always engaged with the right side cylinder part 31b of the case 31, and when it slides to the left in the figure, it also meshes with the right side cylinder part 24b of the mount case 24, thereby connecting the mount case 24 and the case 31. Join.

As a result, both side gears 12.1 of the intermediate differential 10
3 is restricted, and the differential function of the differential gear 10 is disabled.

In the power split device configured in this manner, the driving force transmitted from the output gear M4 of the transmission M to the intermediate differential 10 via the ring gear 21 is split between both side gears 12 and 13.

The driving force transmitted to the left side gear 12 is transmitted to the front wheel differential device 30 via the hollow shaft 28, and is distributed by the front wheel differential device 30 to both side gears 32.33 and then to both front axles 26.27. Conveyed. On the other hand, the driving force transmitted to the right side gear 13 is transmitted to the rear wheel drive ring gear 22 via the cylindrical portion 13a and the mount case 24, and from the rear wheel drive ring gear 22 to the binion shaft 25 and the propeller shaft (not shown). It is distributed and transmitted to both rear axles via the final reduction gear. □When the driving force is transmitted, if the stepped sleeve 29 forming the differential lock mechanism slides to the left as shown by the imaginary line in FIG. 2 and connects the case 31 and the mount case 24, Both side gears 12 and 13 of the intermediate differential 10 cannot rotate relative to each other, and the same rotation is transmitted to the rear wheel drive ring gear 22 and the front wheel differential 30. Moreover, if the sleeve 29 has released the connection between the case 31 and the mount case 24 as shown by the solid line in FIGS. 1 and 2,
Both side gears 12 and 13 of the intermediate differential device 10 can rotate relative to each other, and drive torque corresponding to the load applied to each is transmitted to the rear wheel drive ring gear 22 and the front wheel differential device 3O.

By the way, in this embodiment configured as above,
Transmission M' (7
) 'The bevel gear type intermediate differential gear 0 that divides and transmits power to the front and rear wheels can be stored within the casing gap 3, so space and support means for the intermediate differential gear 10 can be stored. There is no need for anything other than the casing gap 3 of the transmission M, and when the power split device is adopted as a power transmission device for a four-wheel drive vehicle, the power transmission device can be made smaller and simpler.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, the intermediate differential device 10, the ring gear 22, and the differential device 30 have a special connection structure,
In addition, a case 31. Each right cylinder part 31b, 24 of the mount case 24
b is extended compactly, the differential lock mechanism can be easily and compactly formed by these right side cylinder parts 31b, 24b and the stepped sleeve 29, and the structure of the power splitting device can be made smaller. Since it is installed in a space, there is no need to increase the size of the power split device.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, the hollow shaft 28 is connected to the inner spline of the left side cylinder part 31a of the case 31, and the stepped sleeve 29 is connected to the inner spline of the right side cylinder part 31b. Cylindrical portion 31a, 3
There is an advantage that the internal splines of 1b can be splined at the same time.

In the embodiments described above, the power splitting device according to the present invention was used for a four-wheel drive vehicle with a horizontal front engine type, but the power splitting device according to the present invention was applied to a rear wheel drive ring gear 22.
By using the front wheel drive ring gear as a front wheel drive ring gear and the front wheel differential device 30 as a rear wheel differential device, it is also possible to use the vehicle with a horizontal rear engine type four-wheel drive vehicle. In this case, a front wheel drive ring gear and a rear wheel differential are arranged in front of the engine.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a power split device for an automobile according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged partial sectional view of the main part of FIG. 1. Explanation of symbols M...Transmission, M4...Output gear, D
... Differential lock mechanism, 10 ... Intermediate differential device, 11
...Case, 12.13...Side gear, 21...
・Ring gear, 22...Rear wheel drive ring gear, 23
...Additional housing, 24...Mount case, 2
6.27... Front axle, 28... Hollow shaft, 29... Stepped sleeve, 30... Front wheel differential, 31... Case, 32.33... Side gear. Applicant Toyota Motor Corporation Representative Patent Attorney Teru Hase −

Claims (1)

[Claims] A bevel gear type that integrally supports the first ring gear, which is rotatably supported within the casing of the transmission and constantly meshes with the output gear provided on the output shaft of the transmission, and divides and transmits power to the front and rear wheels. and a rear wheel or front wheel drive assembly mounted on a mount case disposed coaxially with the first differential and rotatably supported within an additional housing assembled on the casing. a second ring gear, and a bevel gear type front wheel or rear wheel second differential device rotatably assembled within the mount case and located coaxially with the first differential device. one axle connected to one side gear of the second differential so as to be capable of transmitting power is inserted through one side cylindrical part of the case of the second differential and both side gears of the first differential. For example, the other axle, which is connected to the other side gear of the second differential so as to be capable of transmitting power, is made to protrude to the other side through the other side cylindrical part of the case of the second differential. , an end of a first hollow shaft connected to one side gear of the first differential so as to be capable of transmitting power and rotatably assembled on the one axle is attached to the case of the second differential; (1) Connected to the inner periphery of the side cylinder part so as to be capable of transmitting power, and connected to the other side gear of the first differential so as to be capable of transmitting power, and rotatably assembled on the first hollow shaft; The end of the second hollow shaft is connected to the inner periphery of the cylindrical portion on one side of the mount case so as to be capable of transmitting power; A sleeve having a small-diameter cylindrical portion facing the inner periphery of the mount case and a large-diameter cylindrical portion facing the inner periphery of the other side cylindrical portion of the mount case is assembled so as to be slidable in the axial direction and the circumferential direction. A power split device for an automobile, comprising a spline provided on the outer periphery of both cylindrical portions and connected to the inner periphery of each of the other side cylindrical portions in a power transmitting manner.