JPS59205060A - Power transmission device for car - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make the captioned device compact by providing a differential gear lock mechanism in a space formed on one side of a differential gear for a front wheel (or a rear wheel) of a power transmission device for a front wheel driven car of a horizontal engine type. CONSTITUTION:A differential gear 70 for a front wheel including a case 71, to which the power is transmitted from a transmission through a hollow shaft or the like, transmits the power from both pinions 74, 75 to left and right side gears 73 and rotates left and right front accelerators 101. In this case, a differential gear lock mechanism DL1 is provided in a space R formed on the outer periphery of the accelerator 101, in an extension housing 80, assembled in the transmission. Said mechanism DL1 is formed by a right cylinder part 71a of the case 71 extended to the outer periphery of the accelerator 101, a right cylinder part 61a of the case 61 extended on the outer periphery of the cylinder part 71a and a coupling sleeve 120 assembled on the outer periphery of the cylinder part 71a.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to a power transmission device for an automobile.

Conventionally, the power transmission system of a front-wheel drive transverse engine type vehicle is used as is without any modification, and a planetary gear set with a differential function is added to the transmission output side of the power transmission system to create a four-wheel drive system. A technique for use in a power transmission device for a vehicle has been proposed, for example, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 154328/1983.

However, in such a power transmission device, the structure is completely different from the planetary gear set or the bevel gear type differential device housed in the gauging of the transmission in the power transmission device of a front wheel drive vehicle, and moreover, The planetary gear set cannot be housed in the transmission casing unless the transmission casing in the power transmission device of a front wheel drive vehicle is changed to a large one. Since changing to A gear set is disposed outside the casing of the transmission.In such a configuration, space and support means for the planetary gear set are required outside the casing of the transmission, and the power transmission device is unavoidably In addition, the planetary gear set must be placed sufficiently far away from the engine and transmission so that the large diameter ring gear of the planetary gear set installed outside the transmission casing does not interfere with the engine or transmission. This also makes it difficult to downsize the power transmission device.

The present invention focuses on the fact that the above-mentioned actual situation and the above-mentioned technical idea can also be applied to a rear-wheel-drive vehicle with a transverse rear engine, and constructs the above-mentioned type of front-wheel (or rear-wheel) drive vehicle into a four-wheel drive vehicle. To this end, they devised a power transmission device that could be easily applied to small automobiles by making the entire device as small as possible, and filed a patent application for the power transmission device on March 24, 1988. The power transmission device is assembled to one side of an engine with a crankshaft extending in the direction of the vehicle body, and includes an input shaft coaxial with the crankshaft and an output shaft parallel thereto. , a ring gear that is in mesh with the output gear provided on the output shaft is integrally supported within the casing of the transmission, and is rotatably supported by the casing of the transmission and transmits power to the front wheels and rear wheels. A bevel gear-type intermediate difference device that splits and transmits transmission, and a device behind (or in front of) the engine.
a ring gear for driving a rear wheel (or front wheel) disposed coaxially with the intermediate differential device and rotatably supported by the casing of the transformer and transmission, and by a dimensionally spaced extension housing; The umbrella is mounted on the ring gear for driving the rear wheels (or front wheels) so as to be relatively rotatable, and is arranged coaxially with the intermediate differential device! 1. ! : i,',
a front wheel (or rear wheel) differential device, and one axle connected to a single power site gear of the front wheel (or rear wheel) differential device so as to be capable of transmitting power is connected to the intermediate differential device. The front wheel (or rear wheel) is connected to the front wheel (or rear wheel) by a first hollow shaft that protrudes laterally through both shaft gears, and one side gear of the intermediate differential is rotatably assembled on the axle.
The other sight gear of the intermediate differential is connected to the case of the differential for the rear wheel (or the front wheel) by a second hollow shaft rotatably assembled on the first hollow shaft. It has a structure in which it is connected to a driving ring gear so that power can be transmitted.

In a power transmission device with such a configuration, in a power transmission device for a front wheel (or rear wheel) drive vehicle, a bevel gear type front wheel (
The bevel gear-type intermediate differential that splits and transmits power to the front and rear wheels is also housed inside the transmission casing that housed the differential for the front and rear wheels.
Needless to say, there is no need to change the casing at all, and there is no need for any space or support means for the intermediate differential device outside the casing of the transmission, making it possible to downsize and simplify the power transmission device. can.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide such a useful power transmission device with a differential stop mechanism (a differential opening/lock mechanism) that regulates the differential function of an intermediate differential device. The purpose is to have a simple configuration and compact assembly in a space.

In order to achieve such an object, the present invention provides a power transmission device according to the above-mentioned prior application, which is connected to the other side gear of the front wheel (or rear wheel) differential device so as to be able to transmit power, and which is connected to the one axle. A part of the case of the front wheel (or rear wheel) differential device and a part of the case supporting the rear wheel (or front wheel) drive ring gear are concentric with each other on the outer periphery of the other axle that protrudes to the opposite side. The two cases are connected to each other by a coupling sleeve which extends outwardly and is assembled to a part of the case of the front wheel (or rear wheel) differential so as to be slidable only in the axial direction. Its feature lies in its structure.

Therefore, in the present invention, 4th J
A part of the case of the differential device for the front wheels (or rear wheels) and a ring gear for driving the rear wheels (or front wheels) are supported in a space that inevitably occurs on the outer periphery of the other axle when a force transmission device is configured. A part of the case can be extended in an extremely compact manner.

As a result, the differential lock mechanism can be formed easily and compactly by using parts of both cases and the compression sleeve assembled to one of the cases. Furthermore, as described above, since the differential lock mechanism is arranged in a space that is inevitably created due to the configuration of the power transmission device, the power transmission device must be enlarged in order to secure the space in which the differential lock mechanism is installed. There's no need.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a power transmission device for an automobile according to the present invention, in which a transmission 20 and a clutch device 30 are assembled on one side of an engine 10. As shown in FIG.

The engine 10 is arranged in an engine room at the front of the vehicle so that its crankshaft 11 is located in the power direction (lateral direction) of the vehicle body. The transmission 20 is known as a power transmission device for a horizontal front engine type curved wheel drive vehicle that is integrated with a final reduction gear, and has an input shaft 2 coaxial with the crankshaft 11.
1 and an output shaft 22 parallel to this.

Therefore, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the power is divided and transmitted to the front wheels and the rear wheels in the part of the Goosong 23 of the transmission 20 where the conventional final reduction gear is disposed. A bevel gear type intermediate differential device 40 is provided. Intermediate differential device i74 (l, output gear 22a provided on the output shaft 22 of the transmission 20
The case 41 integrally supports a link gear 50 that is always engaged with the casing 23 of the lance transmission 20. It is pivoted so that it can be moved. Also,
On the side of the intermediate differential 40, that is, behind the engine 10, there is a rear wheel drive ring key toro 0 and a bevel gear type front wheel differential 1.
An iJJ device 70 is arranged. The rear wheel drive ring gear 60 is arranged coaxially with the intermediate differential device 40.
C, assemble to the casing 23 of the transmission 20.
] It is fixed to a case 61 which is rotatably supported by the extension housing 8, and meshes with a pinion shaft 90 which is rotatably supported by the extension housing 80. The pinion shaft 90 is provided in the front-rear direction at the center of the vehicle, and is connected to the rear axle via a known propeller shaft (not shown) and a final reduction gear for rear wheels so as to transmit power thereto. The front wheel differential device 70 is rotatably assembled in the case 61 of the rear wheel drive ring gear 60 with its case 71,
It is arranged coaxially with the intermediate differential device 40. Further, in this embodiment, the left front 1-axle 100, which is connected to the left sight gear 72 of the front wheel differential 70 in a power transmittable manner, is connected to the case 41 of the intermediate differential 40 and both side gears 42. The right front axle 101 or both cases 61.
71 and the extension housing 80 and protrudes to the right. Further, the left sight gear 42 of the intermediate differential device 40 is connected to the front wheel differential device 7 by a hollow shaft 110 rotatably assembled on the front axle 100.
The right side gear 43 of the intermediate differential device 40 is connected to the hollow shaft 11O-
The hollow shaft portion/13a is rotatably assembled to
It is connected to a case 61 that supports a rear wheel drive ring gear 60 so as to be capable of transmitting power.

Further, in this embodiment, a differential lock mechanism DLL is disposed in a space R formed around the outer periphery of the right front axle 101 within the extension housing 80. As shown in FIG. 2, the differential lock mechanism DL1 is rotatable relative to the right flillii portion 71a of the case 71 that rotatably extends to the outer periphery of the front axle 101, and the outer periphery of the right cylindrical portion 71a. Extended case 61
The coupling sleeve 120 is assembled around the outer periphery of the right cylindrical portion 61a of the case 71. The right cylindrical portion 71a of the case 71 protrudes a predetermined length to the right from the right end of the right cylindrical portion 61a of the case 61, and an axial spline 71 is provided on the outer periphery of this protrusion.
b is formed. The sleeve 120 has a small diameter inner spline 120a as a spline? 'lb, and is assembled to the outer periphery of the right cylindrical portion 71a so as to be slidable only in the axial direction. Further, an axial spline 61b is also formed on the outer periphery of the right cylindrical portion 61a of the case 61.

The spline 61b is formed to be able to fit into the large-diameter inner spline 120b of the sleeve 120.

Therefore, both right cylindrical portions 61a of both cases 61.71.

The connection of 71a is interrupted by sliding the sleeve 120 in the axial direction. As a result, the connection between both side gears 42.43 of the intermediate differential device 40 is disconnected, and both side gears 42.4
3, the differential function of the intermediate differential device 40 is disabled.

In addition, in the intermediate differential device 40, its case 4
1 and the left side gear 42 is a differential limiting mechanism DL2.
is installed. The differential limiting mechanism D L2 is a friction type differential limiting mechanism, which includes a plurality of thrust washers 46 that are assembled to the case 41 so as to be movable only in the axial direction, and a plurality of thrust washers 46 that are assembled to the left side gear 42 so as to be movable only in the axial direction. The clutch plate 47 includes a plurality of clutch plates 47 adjacent to each thrust washer 46, and a disc spring 48 interposed between one end surface of the sight gear 42 and the clutch plates 47. As a result, in the differential limiting mechanism DL2, if the rotational speeds of both the site gears 42 and 43 are different, that is, the case 41 and the site gear /I21ii1a are in conflict.
1) When interception occurs, a friction torque is generated between the two sight gears 4] and 42 to increase the driving torque on the low speed side of both sight gears, 12.43, and increase the driving torque on the high speed side. reduce

In this embodiment configured as described above, the driving force of the engine 10 is transferred from the crankshaft 11 to the clutch device 30.
is inputted to the input shaft 21 of the transmission 20 via the transmission 20, is shifted by one of the transmission gear sets of the transmission 20, and is transmitted to the output ll'+b 22.
The driving force is transmitted from the output gear 22a to the intermediate differential device 40 via the ring gear 50, and in the intermediate differential device 40, it is transmitted from both binions 44 (however, only one is shown) to both side gears 4.
It is divided into 2.43. The driving force transmitted to the left sight gear 42 is transmitted to the front wheel differential device 70 via the hollow shaft 110, and is transferred to both pinions 74 in the front wheel differential device 70.
．． , 75, is distributed to both side gears 72, 73, and transmitted to both front axles 100, 101. On the other hand, the driving force transmitted to the right side gear 43 is transmitted through the hollow shaft portion 43a and the case 61 to the rear wheel drive ring gear 6.
0, and is distributed and transmitted from the rear wheel drive ring gear 60 to both rear axles via the pinion shaft 90, propeller shaft (not shown), and final reduction gear. During such driving force transmission, if the sleeve 120 constituting the differential lock mechanism DL1 connects both cases 61 and 71 as shown, both side gears 42.
43 or relative rotation is not possible, and the ring gear for rear wheel drive is 60.
The same rotation is transmitted to the front wheel differential device 70. Also,
The sleeve 120 is connected to both cases 61 as shown by the imaginary lines in the figure.
71, both side gears 42 and 43 of the intermediate differential device 40 can rotate relative to each other, and the rear wheel drive ring gear 60 and the front wheel differential device 70 can be rotated according to the load applied to each. Drive torque is differential limiting mechanism D L 2
The information is controlled and transmitted.

By the way, in this embodiment configured as above,
In the power transmission device of a front wheel drive vehicle, a bevel gear type front wheel differential was housed.1 - A bevel gear type intermediate differential that divides and transmits power to the front wheels and rear wheels in the casing 23 of the transmission 20. Since the moving device 40 is stored in the same way,
No space or support means for the intermediate differential device 40 is required outside the casing 23 of the transmission 20, and the power transmission device can be downsized and simplified.

In addition, in this embodiment, especially the front axle 10
Both cases 61 and 7 are placed in the space R that inevitably occurs on the outer periphery of 1.
The intermediate differential gear 40 is constructed by extending both the right cylindrical parts 61a, 71a in a very compact manner, and by the sleeve 120 assembled on the outer periphery of the right cylindrical part 71a and the right cylindrical parts 61a, 71a. It constitutes a differential lock mechanism DLI.

Therefore, the differential lock mechanism DLL can be formed easily and compactly, and since the differential lock mechanism DLL is arranged in the space R that is inevitably created due to the configuration of the power transmission device, the space R in which the differential lock mechanism DLL is arranged is secured. (There is no need to enlarge the power transmission device.

In the above embodiments, the power transmission device for an automobile according to the present invention was used for a four-wheel drive vehicle with a horizontally mounted front engine, but the power transmission device for an automobile by Honbatsu Town has a ring gear 60 for rear wheel drive. By using the front wheel drive ring gear as a front wheel drive ring gear and the front wheel differential device 70 as a rear wheel differential device, it is also possible to use the vehicle with a horizontal rear engine type four-wheel drive vehicle.

In this case, a front wheel drive ring gear and a rear wheel differential are arranged in front of the engine. Furthermore, it goes without saying that the present invention can be implemented without the differential limiting mechanism DL2.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a power transmission device for an automobile according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the main part of FIG. 1. Explanation of symbols 10...Engine, 11...Crankshaft, 20...
・Transmission, 21...Input shaft, 22...
Output shaft, 22a...Output gear, 40...Intermediate differential device, 42.43...Side gear, 43a...Hollow shaft portion (second hollow shaft), 50--Ring gear , 60...Rear wheel (or front+*) drive ring gear, 61...Case, 61a...Right cylinder part, 70...
... Differential device for front wheels (or rear wheels), 71 ... Case,
71a...Right cylinder part, 72.73...Side gear,
80... Extension housing, 100°10
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Front axle, 110... (1st) hollow shaft, 120... Sleeve, DL i... Differential lock mechanism. Applicant Toyota Motor Corporation Representative Patent Attorney Teru Hase −

Claims (1)

[Claims] A transmission is assembled to an example of an engine arranged such that a crankshaft extends in the direction of a vehicle body, and includes an input shaft coaxial with the crankshaft and an output shaft parallel thereto; A bevel gear type intermediate differential device that integrally supports a ring gear that is in contact with an output gear provided on a shaft, is rotatably supported by the casing of the transmission, and divides and transmits power to front wheels and rear wheels. and a ring gear for driving a rear wheel (or front wheel), which is disposed coaxially with the intermediate differential at the rear (or front) of the engine and rotatably supported by an extension housing assembled into the casing of the transmission. and a bevel gear type front wheel (or rear wheel) differential device assembled to the rear wheel (or front wheel) drive ring gear for relative rotation and arranged coaxially with the intermediate differential device. , one axle coupled to one side gear of the front wheel (or rear wheel) differential passes through both side gears of the intermediate differential and protrudes to the side; One side gear is coupled to the case of the front wheel (or rear wheel) differential by a first hollow shaft rotatably assembled on the axle, and the other side gear of the intermediate differential A differential device for the front wheels (or rear wheels), which is connected to the ring gear for driving the rear wheels (or front wheels) by a second hollow shaft rotatably assembled on the first hollow shaft, and is connected to the ring gear for driving the rear wheels (or front wheels), and the differential gear for the front wheels (or rear wheels). A part of the case of the front wheel (or rear wheel) differential device and a portion of the case of the front wheel (or rear wheel) differential device and the rear wheel are attached to the outer periphery of the other axle that is connected to the other site gear so as to be able to transmit power and protrudes to the opposite side from the one axle. A part of the case supporting the ring gear for driving the front wheels (or the front wheels) extends concentrically with the other, and can slide only in the axial direction onto a part of the case of the differential for the front wheels (or the rear wheels). A power transmission device for an automobile in which the connection between these two cases is interrupted by a coupling sleeve assembled into the case.