JPS59205059A - Power transmission device for car - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make compact the captioned device, which is provided in a front wheel driven car of a horizontal front engine type and equipped with a medium differential gear, by providing a differential gear lock mechanism in a space formed on one side of said medium differential gear. CONSTITUTION:A medium differential gear 40 of bevel gear type, which divides the power in halves to be transmitted to the front and the rear wheels, is provided in a part, where the final speed reduction gear is generally provided, of a casing 23 of a transmission device. Said gear 40 has a case 41 and side gears 43 arranged on both left and right sides of a pinion 44, while an accelerator 101 on the left is extended through the differential gear 40. Further, a differential gear lock mechanism DL1 composed of a hollow shaft part 43a of the side gear 23, a right cylinder part 41a of a case 41 extended on the outer periphery of the shaft part 43a and a coupling sleeve 120 is provided on the right end part of the casing 23. Furthermore, a differential lock mechanism DL2 of clutch structure is provided between the case 41 and each side gear 43.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to a power transmission device for an automobile.

Conventionally, the power transmission system of a front-wheel drive vehicle with a horizontal front engine is used as is without any modification, and a planetary gear set with a differential function is added to the transmission output example of the power transmission system described above to create a 4-wheel drive vehicle. A technology for a power transmission device has been proposed, for example, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 154328/1983.

However, in this type of power transmission device, the planetary gear set has a completely different configuration from the bevel gear type differential device that is housed in the transmission casing in the power transmission device of a front-wheel drive vehicle. Since the ring gear has a large diameter, the planetary gear set cannot be housed within the casing of the transmission unless the casing of the transmission in the power transmission device of the front wheel drive vehicle is changed to a larger width. Changing the transmission gauging to ``Large + 1'' goes against the above technical idea of using the front-wheel drive vehicle's 'tiJJ power transmission device as it is without making any changes to it as the power transmission device for the four-wheel drive vehicle. ” - In the prior art described,
The planetary gear set is disposed outside the casing of the transmission. In such a configuration, space and support means for the planetary gear set are required outside the gauging of the transmission, and the power transmission device becomes unavoidably large and complicated. Furthermore, in order to prevent the large diameter ring gear of the planetary gear set arranged outside the casing of the transmission from interfering with the engine or transmission, the planetary gear set must be arranged at a sufficient distance from the engine or transmission. However, it has been difficult to downsize the power transmission device.

The present inventor has focused on the fact that the above-mentioned actual situation and the above-mentioned technical idea can also be applied to a rear-wheel-drive vehicle with a transverse rear engine, and constructed the above-described front-wheel (or rear-wheel) drive vehicle into a four-wheel drive vehicle. In order to do so, he devised a power transmission device that could be easily applied to small automobiles by making the entire device as small as possible, and filed a patent application for the power transmission device in March 1981 with 241 Co. The power transmission device is a transmisor that is assembled to one side of an engine disposed so that the crankshaft extends in the direction of the vehicle body, and includes an input shaft coaxial with the crankshaft and an output shaft parallel thereto. , a link gear that constantly meshes with an output gear provided on the output shaft is integrally supported in G in the casing of the transmission, and is rotatably supported by the casing of the transmission to divide power between front wheels and rear wheels. A bevel gear type intermediate differential device for transmitting a transmission, an extension disposed coaxially with the intermediate differential device described in 111 (111) at the rear (or front) of the engine and assembled to the casing of the transmission, and an in-housing. A rotatably supported rear wheel (or one
111 wheel) driving ring gear and this rear wheel (or front wheel)
It is attached to the driving ring gear so that it can rotate relative to the i"+
A vehicle-type front wheel (or rear wheel) differential device disposed coaxially with the intermediate differential device described in ij. One axle connected to one sight gear so as to transmit power passes through both side gears of the intermediate differential and protrudes to the side, and one sight key 1 of the intermediate differential rotates on the axle. A first hollow shaft that can be mounted thereon is connected to the case of the front wheel (or rear wheel) differential in a power transmitting manner, and the other sight gear of the intermediate differential rotates on the first hollow shaft. The second hollow shaft is connected to the rear wheel (or front wheel) driving ring gear so as to transmit power.

In a power transmission device with such a configuration, in a power transmission device for a front wheel (or rear wheel) drive vehicle, the front and rear wheels are housed in a transmission casing that houses a bevel gear type front wheel (or rear wheel) differential device. Since the bevel gear type intermediate differential device that divides and transmits power to the wheels is similarly housed, it goes without saying that there is no need to change the casing at all.
No space or support means for the intermediate differential device is required outside the casing of the transmission, making it possible to downsize and simplify the power transmission device.

Therefore, in the power transmission device which is useful for the purposes of the present invention, the differential locking mechanism for regulating the differential function of the intermediate differential device is installed in a limited space within the power transmission device. It has a simple structure and can be assembled compactly.

In order to achieve this object, the present invention
In the power transmission device according to i, a part of the case of the intermediate differential gear extends concentrically to the outer periphery of the second hollow shaft, and is slidable only in the axial direction on the outer periphery of the second hollow shaft. The feature lies in that the connection between a part of the case of the intermediate differential gear and the second hollow shaft is interrupted by a coupling sleeve assembled to the intermediate differential gear.
Ru.

Therefore, in the present invention, a part of the case of the intermediate differential gear is extremely compactly extended into the space inevitably created around the outer periphery of the second hollow shaft when the power transmission device according to the above-mentioned prior application is constructed. You can make it come out. As a result, the differential lock mechanism can be formed into a compact size for a WI vehicle by using a portion of the case, the second hollow shaft, and the cup link sleeve assembled to the outer periphery of the shaft. Furthermore, as mentioned above, since the differential lock mechanism is disposed in a space that is inevitably created due to the configuration of the power transmission device,
There is no need to increase the size of the power transmission device in order to secure a space for arranging the differential lock mechanism. Furthermore, since the differential lock mechanism is located very close to the transmission, the connection of the coupling sleeve to the shift mechanism in relation to the shift mechanism of the transmission is simplified.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a power transmission device for an automobile according to the present invention, in which an example of an engine 10 is assembled together with a transmission 20 or a clutch device 30.

The engine 10 is arranged in an engine room at the front of the vehicle so that its crankshaft 11 is located in the middle direction (lateral direction) of the vehicle body. The transmission 20 is known as a power transmission device for horizontal front engine type front wheel drive vehicles that is integrated with a final reduction gear, and has an input shaft 2 coaxial with the crankshaft 11.
1 and an output shaft 22 parallel to this.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the front and rear wheels are installed in the part of the casing 23 of the transmission 20 where the conventional final reduction gear is disposed. A bevel gear type intermediate differential device 40 that divides and transmits power is provided. The intermediate differential device 40 is an output gear 22 provided on the output shaft 22 of the transmission 20.
At the time 111', a ring gear 50 fitted therein is integrally supported, and -C1 is rotatably supported by the casing 23 of the transmission 20 through its case 41.

Further, on the side of the intermediate differential device 40, that is, behind the engine 10, a rear wheel drive ring gear 60 and a bevel tooth type +ii
A differential gear 70 for the J-wheel differential is provided. The rear wheel drive ring gear 60 is disposed coaxially with the intermediate differential 40 and is fixed to a case 61 rotatably supported by an extension housing 80 assembled to the casing 23 of the transmission 20. , the pinion shaft (]0 and Ill"1" are rotatably supported by the extension housing 80.The pinion shaft 1-9 (l is provided in the longitudinal direction at the center of the vehicle). The front wheel differential device 70 is connected to the rear axle via a known propeller shaft (not shown) and a rear wheel final reduction gear so that power can be transmitted to the rear axle. 60, and is arranged coaxially with the intermediate differential device 40. In addition, in this embodiment, the left side l-gear 72 of the front wheel differential device 70 The left front panel 1 to the axle 100 connected to the intermediate differential gear 4 so as to be able to transmit power to the
The right front axle 101 protrudes to the left by passing through the case 41 and both the gears 42.43 of the front wheel, and is connected to the right side gear 73 of the front wheel differential 70 so as to be able to transmit power. It penetrates the extension housing 80 and protrudes to the right. Further, the left sight gear 42 of the intermediate differential 40 is connected to a hollow shaft 110 rotatably assembled on the front axle 100.
The right sight gear 43 of the intermediate differential 40 is connected to the case 71 of the front wheel differential 70 so as to be able to transmit power.
For example, it is rotatably assembled onto the hollow shaft 110, and is connected at its hollow shaft portion 43a to a case 61 that supports a rear wheel drive ring gear 60 so as to be capable of transmitting power.

In addition, in this embodiment, one differential lock mechanism L 1 is provided at the right end inside the gear link 23 of the transmission 20.
is installed. The differential lock mechanism DI-1■ consists of a hollow shaft portion 43a of a gear 43, and a right cylindrical portion 4.1 of a case 41 extending relative to the outer periphery of the shaft portion 43a.
a and the outside of the hollow shaft portion 432 1. 'iJ set (=J
The cup link sleeve 120 is configured with a beam cup link sleeve 120.
(A spline 43b of a predetermined length is formed in the axial direction on the outer periphery of the hollow shaft portion 43a. The sleeve 120 connects the inner spline 120a to the spline 4.
The sleeve 120 has a claw portion 12 at its left end.
0b is formed, and the claw portion 120b faces the right end portion of the right force cylinder portion/11a of the case 41. In addition, this right cylindrical portion 41. A claw portion 41b that can be engaged with the claw portion 120b of the sleeve 120 is formed at the right end portion of a. These claws 41b and 120b constitute a dong crunch, and the sliding of the sleeve 120 in the axial direction disconnects and connects the right cylindrical portion 41a of the case 41 and the hollow shaft portion 43a. As a result, the case 41 of the intermediate differential device 40 and the sight gear 43 are connected or disconnected, and when the two 4L 43 are connected, the differential function of the intermediate differential device 4o is disabled.

In the intermediate differential device 40, a differential limiting mechanism DL2 is disposed between the case 41 and each sight gear 42.4-3. The differential limiting mechanism DL2 is a friction-type differential limiting mechanism, and includes a thrust washer 46 mounted to the case 41 so as to be movable only in the axial direction, and a clutch mounted to each site gear 42, 43 so as to be movable only in the axial direction. A disc spring 48 interposed between the plate 47, the case 41, and the thrust washer 46
It is composed of. As a result, in both differential limiting mechanisms DL2, when the rotational speeds of both side gears 42 and 43 are different, that is, both side gears 42.
When there is a relative motion between 3 and case 41, friction torque is generated between these two 41 and 42, 43 to increase the drive torque on the low speed side of both side gears 42 and 43 and increase the drive torque on the high speed side. Reduce torque.

In this embodiment configured as described above, Ennon 1
A driving force of 0 is input from the crankshaft 11 to the input shaft 21 of the transmission 20 via the clutch device 30,
When the speed is changed by one of the gear sets of the transmission 20 and transmitted to the output shaft 22, the driving force is transmitted from the output gear 22a to the intermediate differential device 40 via the ring gear 50, and is transmitted to the intermediate differential device 40. both pinions 44
It is divided into both side gears 42 and 43 from (one force is shown in the figure). The driving force transmitted to the left sight gear 42 is transmitted to the front wheel differential device i'i: 7 via the hollow shirt 110.
(It is transmitted to both pinions 7 in the front wheel differential device 70.
4.75 is distributed to both side gears 72.73 and transmitted to both front axles 100.101. On the other hand, the driving force transmitted to the right sight gear 43 is transmitted to the rear wheel drive link gear 60 via the hollow shaft portion 43a and the case 61, and is transmitted from the rear wheel drive ring gear 60 to the pinion shaft 90 and the propeller (not shown). It is distributed and transmitted to both rear axles via a shaft final reduction gear. During such driving force transmission, if the sleeve 120 constituting the differential lock mechanism DL1 connects the right cylindrical portion 41a of the case 41 and the hollow shaft portion 43a as shown by the imaginary line in FIG. 40 both side gears 42, 43
are not relatively rotatable, and the same rotation is transmitted to the rear wheel drive ring gear 60 and the front wheel differential device 70. Also, the sleeve 120 is attached to the right cylindrical portion 41a as shown by the solid line in FIG.
If the coupling with the hollow shaft portion 43a is released, both the site gears 42 and 43 of the intermediate differential device 40 can rotate relative to each other, and the rear wheel drive ring gear 60 and the front wheel differential device 7 can be rotated relative to each other.
0, a driving torque corresponding to the load applied to each of them is transmitted under the control of the differential limiting mechanism D L 2.

By the way, in this embodiment configured as above,
In a power transmission device for a front wheel drive vehicle, a bevel gear type intermediate differential device 40 that divides and transmits power to front wheels and rear wheels is housed in a casing 23 of a transmission 20 in which a front wheel differential device using bevel gears is housed. is stored in the same way, no space or support means for the intermediate differential 40 is required outside the gauging 23 of the transmission 20,
The power transmission device can be downsized and simplified.

In addition, in this embodiment, especially the hollow shaft portion 43a
The right cylindrical part 41a of the case 41 is extended very compactly into the space that inevitably occurs on the outer periphery of the case 41, and the right cylindrical part 41a, the hollow shaft part 4.32, and the hollow shaft part 43a are assembled on the outer periphery of the hollow shaft part 43a. The attached sleeve 120 constitutes a differential lock mechanism DLI of the intermediate differential gear 40. Therefore, the differential lock mechanism DLI can be formed easily and compactly, and the differential lock mechanism DLL can be disposed in a space inevitably generated due to the configuration of the power transmission device.
There is no need to increase the size of the power transmission device in order to secure a space for arranging the differential lock mechanism DLI. Furthermore,
Since the differential lock mechanism DLL is located extremely close to the transmission 20, the
The coupling relationship of the shift mechanism of the sleeve 120 is simplified in relation to the shift mechanism of the sleeve 120.

In the above embodiments, the power transmission device for an automobile according to the present invention is for a four-wheel drive vehicle with a horizontal front engine, but the power transmission device for an automobile according to the present invention has a ring gear 60 for rear wheel drive. By using a front wheel drive ring gear and using the front wheel differential device 70 as a rear wheel differential device, it is also possible to use it for a horizontal rear engine type four-wheel drive vehicle.

In this case, a front wheel drive ring gear and a rear wheel differential are arranged in front of the engine.Also, it goes without saying that the present invention can be implemented without the differential limiting mechanism DL2. .

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a power transmission device for an automobile according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the main part of FIG. 1. Explanation of symbols 10...Engine, 11...Crankshaft, 20...
・Transmission, 21...Input shaft ・22...
Output shaft, 22a... Output gear, 40... Intermediate differential device, 41... Case, 41a... Right cylinder portion, 42.
43...Sight gear, 4, 32...Hollow shaft part (second hollow shaft), 50...Ring gear, 60...
... Ring gear for driving rear wheels (or front wheels), 61 ... Case, 70 ... Differential device for front wheels (or rear wheels), 71.
...Case, 72.73...Side gear, 80...
Extension housing, 100... Front axle, 110... (1st) hollow shaft, 120
...Sleeve, DLL...Differential lock mechanism. Applicant Toyota Motor Corporation Representative Patent Attorney Teru Hase -

Claims (1)

[Claims] A transmission is assembled to one side of an engine disposed so that the crankshaft extends in the direction of the vehicle body, and includes an input shaft coaxial with the crankshaft and an output shaft parallel thereto; a bevel gear type intermediate differential device that integrally supports a ring gear that is always meshed with an output gear provided on an output shaft, is rotatably supported by a casing of the transmission, and divides power between front wheels and rear wheels; , disposed coaxially with the intermediate differential at the rear (or front) of the engine, ii
Note J1 - The rear wheel rotatably supported by the extension housing assembled to the casing of the transmission (
or front wheel) drive ring gear, and this rear wheel (or front wheel)
A bevel gear type front wheel (or rear wheel) differential device that is relatively rotatably assembled to a driving ring gear and arranged coaxially with the intermediate differential device; One axle connected to one side gear of the differential so as to transmit power passes through both side gears of the intermediate differential and protrudes laterally, and the one side gear of the intermediate differential rotates on the axle. A first hollow shaft that is removably assembled is connected to the case of the front wheel (or rear wheel) differential in a power transmitting manner, and the other side gear of the intermediate differential is rotatable on the first hollow shaft. A second hollow shaft assembled to the rear wheel (or front wheel) drive ring gear is connected to the rear wheel (or front wheel) driving ring gear so as to be capable of transmitting power, and a part of the case of the intermediate differential device is concentric with the outer periphery of the second hollow shaft. A part of the case of the intermediate differential device and the second hollow shaft are connected by a coupling sleeve that extends outwardly and is assembled to the outer periphery of the second hollow shaft so as to be slidable only in the axial direction. An automatic military power transmission system in which the power is intermittent.