JPS60117222A - Nor arithmetic device for nor operation between images - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To perform NOR operation between images by writing an image on the surface of electrooptic crystal by charges. CONSTITUTION:A voltage generating circuit 11 applies a voltage which is an odd multiple of a half-wavelength voltage or close to it between a dot type electrode 32 and a transparent electrode 32b, a write voltage is applied to a photoelectric surface 31, and an optical device irradiates the photoelectric surface 31 uniformly to charge the 1st surface 33a of the electrooptic crystal 33 uniformly. Then, the voltage which is an even multiple of the half-wavelength voltage or close to it is applied between the dot type electrode 32 and transparent electrode 32b, the write voltage is applied to the photoelectric surface, and the optical device forms a charge image corresponding to the 1st image Ix on the 1st surface 33a, thus writing the 2nd image Iy on the photoelectric surface by a similar method. The electrooptic crystal 33 is irradiated by a laser light source 4 to obtain the NOR result between images in light transmitted through a polarizer 10.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Description of the Technical Field) The present invention relates to a NOR operation device that calculates a NOR between two images.

(Background of the Invention) Logical operations q on one image or logical operations between images are possible by using image processing technology using an electronic computer.

When you want to perform a logical operation, such as negation, on the information of a single image, divide the information of the image + lJ into pixels, and do not perform a logical operation, such as negation, on each pixel. By doing so, logical operations can be performed on the image.

Also, when you want to perform a logical operation between two images, for example when you want to perform a logical sum, similarly, each image is decomposed into pixels, and the image is reconstructed by performing a logical sum on the corresponding two sides. By doing this, we can obtain the result of the logical operation between the iI+i images.

In order to perform such operations, an fI Raiko television imaging device, a frame memory that stores image information pixel by pixel, a frame memory that similarly stores calculation results pixel by pixel, and an arithmetic circuit for logical operations are required! ν・Important.

Such a calculation process involves many serial processes, and as the number of pixels increases, a larger arithmetic processing device is required.

(Object of the Invention) An object of the present invention is to provide a NOR operation device that calculates a NOR between images with a new configuration that is completely different from the image processing technology described above. .

(Structure of the Invention) In order to achieve the above object, a NOR operation device for performing a NOR between images according to the present invention includes a photocathode, a first surface facing the photocathode, and a second surface facing the photocathode. an electro-optic crystal provided with a transparent electrode on its surface; a spatial light modulation tube comprising a mesh electrode provided between the photocathode and the electro-optic crystal plate; 1): A laser light source device that irradiates linearly polarized Raded light from the second surface side of the electro-optic crystal, and a photocathode of the spatial light modulation tube.

a voltage generating circuit that supplies an operating voltage to the mesh electrode and the transparent electrode; a writing optical device that forms images of first and second images to be calculated on the photocathode of the spatial light modulation tube; The irradiation optical device includes an irradiation optical device that uniformly irradiates the photocathode of the light modulation tube between the 0; The photocathode of the spatial light modulation tube is uniformly irradiated by the voltage generating circuit, and a voltage that is an odd multiple of the half-wave voltage or close to it is applied between the mesh electrode and the transparent electrode. : Applying a biasing voltage to form a uniform fli R on the first surface of the electro-optic crystal, forming an image of the first image on the photocathode by the optical device, and forming the first image on the photocathode by the voltage generating circuit. A writing voltage is applied between the mesh electrode and the transparent electrode by applying a voltage that is an even multiple of a half-wavelength voltage or a voltage close to it, the image of the second image is formed on the photocathode by the optical device, and the voltage is A writing voltage is applied by applying a voltage that is an even multiple of a half-wavelength voltage or a voltage close to this between the mesh electrode and the transparent electrode through the generation path, and the electro-optic crystal is irradiated with the laser light source device to polarize the polarizer. It is configured to obtain a NOR between the first image and the second image using the transmitted light.

(Description of Examples) Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings and the like.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a basic part of an OR operation device for performing a NOR operation between images according to the present invention.

A photocathode 31 is formed on the inner surface of the entrance window of the vacuum vessel 34 of the spatial light modulation tube 3 .

A first surface 33a of an electro-optic crystal 33 using a 55° cut crystal of LiNbO2 is opposed to the photocathode, and a transparent electrode 33b is formed on the second surface.

A mesh electrode 32 is disposed in front of the first surface 33a of the electro-optic crystal 33.

The photocathode 31. Mesh electrode 32. The transparent electrode 33b on the second surface of the electro-optic crystal 33 is connected to a connecting terminal 31c, respectively.
An operating voltage is connected from 32c and 33c.

The image (2) is supported on the image mounting table 22 and illuminated by an incoherent light source (1), and the images of both images (I) are formed on the photocathode 31 of the spatial light modulation tube 3 by the lens 2.

The operating voltage is supplied from the terminals 31c, 32c, and 33c, and the voltage on the photocathode 31 is transferred to the mesh electrode 32. A voltage (writing voltage) lower than the voltage of the transparent electrode 33b on the second surface of the electro-optic crystal 33 is set, and a voltage is applied between the mesh electrode 32 and the transparent electrode 33b on the second surface of the electro-optic crystal 3: Then, a charge image corresponding to the image of electrons emitted from the photocathode 3I is formed on the first surface of the electro-optic crystal 33.

When the voltage of the mesh electrode 32 is lower than the voltage of the transparent electrode 33b on the second surface of the electro-optic crystal 33, the electro-optic crystal 3
Electrons are attached to the first surface 33a of the electrode 3 at a voltage equal to the voltage of the mesh electrode 32 (δ<1), and a negative charge image is formed. The parts to which electrons do not come are in an uncharged state.

When the voltage of the mesh electrode 32 is higher than the voltage of the transparent electrode 33b on the second surface of the electro-optic crystal 33, the electro-optic crystal 3
Each time secondary electrons (δ>1) generated by electrons that have reached the first surface 33a of the mesh electrode 32 are captured by the mesh electrode 32, positive charges are accumulated in the corresponding portion.

Equilibrium occurs when the potential due to positive charges becomes equal to the potential of the fine electrode 32, and the charge does not change even if electrons come flying after that.

Parts where electrons do not come in remain uncharged.

As long as no electrons are incident, the charge on the surface of the electro-optic crystal 33 is preserved even if the voltage is changed.

The state of this electro-optic crystal 33 is read out by laser light from a laser light source device.

The laser light source device includes a laser oscillator 4. It consists of a polarizer 5° lens 6, a pinball 7, and a collimating lens 8.

The light from the laser oscillator 4 is converted by a polarizer 5 into linear polarization in a direction of 45° from the X axis (or y' axis) of the crystal.

The light is then magnified by a lens 6 and excess diffracted light is removed by a pinhole 7.

The light transmitted through the pinball 7 is passed through the collimating lens 8
The parallel light is converted into parallel light, and is made incident on the crystal from the second surface of the electro-optic crystal through the half mirror 9.

Due to the surface charge of the LiNbO3 electro-optic crystal 33,
The refractive index of the crystal in the X direction and the y' direction changes as shown in the following equation.

nx = nx(, -rx ・lE-+1+In+'
=nV 'o-r3'' ・E... (2) Here, nX01 1131 'O' X direction when no charge exists.

Refractive index E in the y' direction: electric field rχ r y generated within the crystal due to the presence of charges
l: Electro-optic constant Since the speeds of the X-direction component and the y'-direction component of the light incident on the electro-optic crystal 33 are different (because the refractive index of the crystal in the x and y1 directions is different), it is reflected at the crystal surface and returned. A phase difference as shown in the following equation occurs between the X-direction component and the y'-direction component of the light, and the light is generally output as elliptically polarized light.

I'=(2yr/λ)・(E6)・2 (ry'−r
x) ・=(31 Here, λ: Wavelength of light output from laser oscillator 4 1: Thickness of crystal 33 If this output light is passed through polarizer 10, only one polarization direction component is extracted. A coherent optical image modulated by the input image I is obtained as an output.At this time, the output optical intensity IO is given by the following equation.

1o = Asin 2r/2 = Asin2 (W/2) ・ (V/Vπ)・−・(
41 Here, V: Voltage equivalent to charge σ ■π: Voltage equivalent to charge σπ (half-wave voltage) A curve based on equation (4) is shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 2, the electric field within the electro-optic crystal 33 changes due to surface charges, thereby changing the intensity of the reflected light.

The following can be understood from Figure 2.

When the surface charge of the electro-optic crystal is O1, that is, when there is no incidence of photoelectrons (hereinafter referred to as state a), half mirror 9
The laser light that enters the electro-optic crystal 33 via the laser beam, is reflected by the first surface, is reflected by the half mirror 9, and passes through the polarizer 10 is zero.

When the surface charge is -σπ (hereinafter referred to as the state S) and when the surface charge is σπ (hereinafter referred to as the state C), the transmitted light is at a maximum.

When the surface charge is −σπ/2 (hereinafter d state) and when the surface charge is σπ/2 (hereinafter referred to as 0 IJel), the transmitted light is 1/2 of the maximum light.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a NOR operation device for performing a NOR operation between images according to the present invention.

The configuration of the spatial light modulator 3 and the laser light source device is as follows.
This is the same as explained with reference to the figure.

Electrodes of each part of the spatial light modulator 3 are connected to a voltage generation circuit 11.

The output terminal (al) of the voltage generating circuit 11 generates the image writing voltage Va. Va is normally +3 kV (writing prohibited state) and when it is 0, it is the writing state.
is connected to the voltage vb from the output terminal tbl of the voltage generating circuit 11, and the transparent electrode 33b on the second surface of the electro-optic crystal 33
A voltage Vc is connected from the output terminal (el) of the voltage generation circuit 11. These voltages are positive voltages, and
When b--c is 0, writing is performed on the first surface 33a of the electro-optic crystal 33 using negative charges, and when Vb-Vc>Q, writing is performed using positive charges.

In this example, the half-wave voltage ■π mentioned above is −1,
It is 0kV.

The image to be calculated is placed on the image mounting table 22 and is irradiated from the incoherent light beam through the half mirror 16 to the space through the half mirror 17 and the imaging lens 2. It is formed on the photocathode 31 of the light modulation tube 3.

Incohesin 1 - The light from the light source is the half mirror.
16, the light is partially separated, reflected by the total reflection mirror 14, and directed toward the shutter 13.

When the shutter 13 is open, the light transmitted through the shutter I3 is reflected by the total reflection mirror 15, and is reflected by the half mirror 1.
7, the photocathode 31 of the spatial light modulation tube 3 is uniformly irradiated by the lens 2.

The opening and closing of the jack 3 is controlled by a shutter drive circuit 12.

Image writing is performed with the shutter 13 closed.

Next, an example of calculating the negative logical sum between the image 1x shown in FIG. 4(A) and the image Iy shown in FIG. 4(B) will be described in detail.

From the pre-processing voltage generation circuit 114;::, the terminal 32 of the mesh electrode
Vb=2kV at C, V at the transparent electrode of the electro-optic crystal 33
Apply c'=3 kV. Vb -Vc=-1,O
A negative half-wavelength voltage -■π of kV is applied.

With the shutter 13 open by the shutter drive circuit 12, the voltage Va of the photocathode 31 is changed from +3 kV to 0 to form a write state.

Since the photocathode 31 is uniformly irradiated, a uniform charge -σπ is formed on the first surface of the electro-optic crystal 33.

The shutter 13 is closed with the shutter 4, and the voltage Va of the photocathode 31 is set to 0.
to +3 kV to complete the writing of uniform charge -σπ.

Vb=2 kV is applied to the terminal 32C of the write mesh electrode of the first image Ix, and Vc=2 kV is applied to the transparent electrode of the electro-optic crystal 33. Vb-Vc
= OkV.

The image Ix is placed at the position of the image stage 22 in FIG.

Image 48 I x is irradiated by the Vine coherent light source 1 , and an image of the white circle portion is formed on the photocathode of the modulation tube 3 in space>Y.

The voltage Va of the photocathode is changed from l-: (k V to 0 ・V
to form a write state.

Electrons do not fly to the surface of the electro-optic crystal 33 corresponding to the background portion (black portion) of the first image lx.

Therefore, the charge on that part does not change, and the previously inserted -σπ is preserved.

The characteristics of that part correspond to the position b in FIG.

Electrons fly to the signal part 3 (white circle part) of the first image 1x, and the generated secondary electrons are captured by the mesh L1-shaped electrode 32, resulting in a negative charge (111 decreases, and as a result, the charge becomes 0). This state corresponds to the state 1) in FIG.

The voltage Va of the photocathode is changed from 0 to 13 kV, and writing of the first image lx is completed.

2nd image + 11- of y included The image Iy is placed at the position of the image stage 22 in FIG.

Image xy and image lx have a white circle in the center in common, and the positions of the other white circles are shifted from each other. With Vb = 2 kV applied to the end 732C of the mesh electrode and Vc = 2 kV applied to the transparent electrode of the electro-optic crystal 33 (same state as in writing the first image), a writing voltage V, i = 0 is applied to the photocathode. . Electrons do not fly to the surface of the electro-optic crystal 33 corresponding to the background part (black part) G of the second image Iy.

Therefore, the crystal surface corresponding to the black part of the second image is in the state written by the first image lx, and the charge O
and maintain the state of −σπ.

In other words, the black portion of the first image has a charge of −σπ, and the white circle portion of the first image maintains a charge of 0.

The charge G in the black part of the first image changes from L-σπ to O in the white circle part of the second image.

The white circle in the center of the first image is already in a state of zero charge, and this equilibrium state does not change even if a charge from the photocathode is transferred to the second image.

The writing voltage Va is changed from O to +3 kV to complete the writing of the second image.

As described above, the electric charge on the 71 and 17 becomes the voltage Va.

It is saved even if vb is set to 0.

A desire to provide reading light from the laser oscillator 4 of the laser light source device to the electro-optic crystal written in this way;
In the portion of the surface of the electro-optic crystal 33 with a charge of -σπ, an electric field is formed within the crystal due to the half-wavelength voltage, so that the intensified interference light is reflected.

As a result, the data is read out as shown in FIG. 4(C).

Various modifications can be made to the embodiments described in detail above within the scope of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 5, this is convenient when placing the NOR of a weak microchannel plate image in the spatial luminosity 414 tube 3.

As an example, Li is used as an electro-optic crystal for a spatial light modulation tube.
Although an example using a 55° cut I. crystal of NbO3 has been shown, single crystals such as KDP and L3SO can also be used in the same way.

(Description of Effects) As explained above, the device according to the present invention can perform a negative disjunction between images by writing an image on the surface of an electro-optic crystal using electric charges.

The device according to the invention can be widely used for comparison or matching between images.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the main parts of a NOR operation device for performing a NOR operation between images according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a graph showing the characteristics of the electro-optic crystal of the spatial light modulation tube of the NOR operation device for calculating the NOR between images according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a NOR operation device for performing a NOR operation between images according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an image that is the object of a logical operation and the result of the logical operation. FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the spatial light modulation tube. "...Incoherent light source 2...Lens 3...
・Spatial light modulation tube 31...Photocathode 32...Mesh electrode 33...Electro-optical 7 crystal 34...Microphone 1.1 channel plate 4...Range generator 1st class device 5... Polarizer 6... Lens 7... Pinball 8... Collimating lens 9... Half mirror 10... Polarizer 11... Voltage generating circuit 12... Shutter driver II'8 Engineering 3...Si, Tosota 14,'l 5...Reflector 16.17...Half mirror 20...Reproduction image surface 22...Image arrangement stand Patent applicant Hamamatsu Vol-Nix Co., Ltd. Company agent Patent attorney Ino 1] Jute Kurenai 'tili, 'j', jmi Branch: 1978
Special Patent Application No. 224879, June 1, 1982, 1'1° Application No. 224879 2, title of the invention Ill: χij imperative sum calculation device 3, consideration for making amendments - Relationship with the case (Series 9, 1r applicant 4, agent 9 said photocathode full knee 乤子乎-early leaf: month;-9≠" (length 2
[Nu]l East-filling is performed, and the electro-optic crystal is heated by the laser light source device! ! (It is configured to obtain the NOR between the first image and the second image (8! images) using the light that is irradiated and transmitted through the polarizer, but the NOR between the !i images is (2) The electro-optic crystal is L′+N l) 03
A NOR calculation device for calculating a NOR between images as claimed in claim 1, which is a 55° cut crystal. (3) On the spatial light modulation, a microchannel plate 1 is arranged between the photocathode and the mesh electrode (2)
From page 4, line 17 to page 6, line 9 of the specification [In order to achieve the above object...]. ' shall be amended as follows. [In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a NOR operation device for performing a NOR operation between images, which includes a photocathode, a first surface facing the photocathode, and a second surface facing the photocathode. an electro-optic crystal provided with a transparent electrode; a spatial light modulation tube comprising a mesh electrode provided between the photocathode and the electro-optic crystal plate; a laser light source device that irradiates with linearly polarized laser light from the second surface side of the crystal; and a photocathode of the spatial light modulation tube. a voltage generating circuit that supplies an operating voltage to the mesh electrode, the transparent electrode 1iiii, and a writing optical device that forms images of the first and second images to be calculated on the photocathode of the spatial light modulator 1111; and an irradiation optical device that uniformly irradiates the same spatial light modulation tube surface, and a polarizer into which the light reflected by the first surface of the electro-optic crystal is incident, +1ii According to the recorded voltage 4th ill l?if,
A voltage of 1-11 times several times the half-wavelength voltage or close to it is applied between the mesh electric bridge and the transparent electrode, and a recurrent voltage is applied to the photocathode, and the 0:1 irradiation optical device By uniformly applying li@rI,Jt4- to the photocathode, a uniform electric field is formed on the first surface of the electro-optic crystal, and the voltage generating circuit generates the 1i111''-shaped electrode,
A voltage approximately 1111 times the half-wavelength voltage is applied between the transparent electrodes, a store voltage is applied to the photocathode, and the first image is transferred to the photocathode by the optical device. By forming a -r+iif image on the first surface of the electro-optic crystal, the charge image corresponding to the first image is stored. In this state, the voltage starting circuit causes the mesh 11-shaped electrode,
A voltage equal to or close to an even multiple of the half-wavelength voltage is applied between the transparent electrodes, and 'i!' is applied to the photocathode. , the second image is written by applying an i-writing voltage and forming the second image on the photocathode by the optical device, and the electro-optic crystal is irradiated by the laser light source device to write the second image. It is configured to obtain a NOR between the first image and the second image using the light transmitted through the polarizer. (3) Insert the following sentence between page 17, line 8 and line 9 of the specification. ``In the embodiment described above, writing was performed by changing the 71-input voltage Va with an image irradiated onto the photocathode, but it is possible to keep Va in the 1-input state and control the image onto the photocathode with an optical shutter. The write operation can be performed by

Claims (1)

[Claims] +1) A photocathode, an electro-optic crystal having a first surface facing the photocathode and a transparent electrode provided on a second surface, the photocathode and an electro-optic crystal plate; a spatial light modulation tube comprising a mesh electrode provided between the spatial light modulation tube; and a laser light source device that irradiates the second surface of the electro-optic crystal with a linearly polarized laser beam from outside the spatial light modulation tube. . . . 1 photocathode of the spatial light modulation tube, 1 lil eye-shaped electrode, a voltage generation circuit that supplies an operating voltage to the transparent electrode, and images of the first and second images to be calculated on the spatial light modulation tube. a writing optical device formed on the photocathode of the spatial light modulation tube; an irradiation optical device that uniformly irradiates the photocathode of the spatial light modulation tube; and a polarizer into which light reflected by the first surface of the electro-optic crystal is incident. Including 1. The irradiation optical device uniformly irradiates the spatial light modulation tube with photoelectric radiation 1j, and the voltage generation circuit applies a voltage that is an odd multiple of the half-wave voltage or close to it between the mesh electrode and the transparent electrode. applying a writing voltage to the photocathode to form a uniform charge on a first surface of the electro-optic crystal; forming an image of the first image on the photocathode by the optical device; A writing voltage is applied by applying a voltage equal to or close to an even multiple of the half-wavelength voltage between the mesh electrode and the transparent electrode by a generation circuit, and an image of the second image is transferred to the optical device. The electro-optic crystal is formed on a photocathode, and the voltage generation circuit applies a voltage that is an even multiple of a half-wavelength voltage or a voltage close to this between the mesh electrode and the transparent electrode to apply a writing voltage, and the laser light source device The first polarizer is applied to the light transmitted through the polarizer
A NOR calculation device configured to obtain a NOR between an image of an image and a second image. (2) The NOR operation device for performing a NOR operation between images according to claim 1, wherein the electro-optic crystal is a LiNb03 (7) 55° cut crystal. (3) The spatial luminosity i! A +lJ tube has a microchannel plate 1 disposed between a photocathode and a mesh electrode.Claim 1. A NOR calculation device for calculating a NOR between images as described in claim 1.