JPS60116528A - Power transmission gear for four-wheel drive vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To shorten a power transmission route between an intermediate differential gear and a front wheel differential gear and make its power transmitting efficiency ever so better as well as to aim at reduction in their weight, by setting up both these gears inside a casing of a transmission, while coupling them each other. CONSTITUTION:An intermediate differential gear 30 and a front differential gear 40 are being set up inside a casing 23 of a transmission 20. The gear 30 solidly supports a link gear 25 which is always engaged with an output gear 24, and the gear 30, in turn, is rotatably supported on the casing 23 of the transmission 20 with its case 31 in which the front wheel differential gear 40 is installed. In this gear 30, a side gear 32 is solidly formed with a case 41 of the gear 40, while a hollow shaft part 33a is formed in another side gear 33. Since the gear 40 is installed in the case 31 in a manner coaxial to the gear 30 and thereby the side gear 32 and the case 41 are solidly formed in structure, a power transmission route is thus shortened.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Field of Application) The present invention relates to a power transmission device for a motor vehicle, particularly a power transmission device for a four-wheel drive vehicle.

(Prior art) For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 58-63523 proposes a technique for making a power transmission device for a four-wheel drive vehicle by making slight changes to the power transmission device for a front-wheel drive vehicle with a horizontal front engine. . However, in such a conventional device, as shown in FIG. 3, in the power transmission device of a transverse front engine type front wheel drive vehicle, the front wheel A bevel gear type intermediate differential device 1 that divides and transmits power to the rear wheels is disposed, and a front wheel differential device 4 and a rear wheel drive gear train are installed in an additional housing 3 assembled to the transmission casing 2. Constituent gears 5, 6, 7, 8, etc. are assembled. By the way, in such a power transmission device, since the differential device 4 and the gear 5 for direction conversion are provided in the additional housing 3, the power transmission path from the casing 2 of the transmission becomes long, and the power transmission efficiency is not necessarily improved. Not expensive,
In addition, as the number of power transmission shafts increases, it becomes thicker, resulting in an increase in weight. In addition, when the casing 2 and the additional housing 3 of such a power transmittable position are commonly used in a power transmission device for a four-wheel drive vehicle that is not equipped with an intermediate differential and can be switched to two-wheel drive, there is no waste. This increases space, requires more lubricant, and increases weight.

(Object of the Invention) The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and its main purpose is to improve power transmission efficiency and vehicle mountability by considering the arrangement and connection relationship of the differential device, and to reduce weight. The aim is to reduce the number of 4-wheel drive vehicles, and to standardize the parts of the power transmission device for each four-wheel drive vehicle.

(Structure of the Invention) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention includes a human power shaft coaxial with the crankshaft, which is assembled to the side of an engine whose crankshaft extends in the direction of the vehicle body. A transmission including an output shaft parallel to the transmission, and a first ring gear that is integrally supported and rotatably supported in the casing of the transmission, which is always in mesh with the output gear provided on the output shaft within the casing of the transmission. A bevel gear type first differential device that divides and transmits power to the front wheels and rear wheels, and a front or rear wheel disposed coaxially with the differential device within the case of this first differential device. a 20th differential of bevel gear type for wheel drive; and a 20th differential for rear or front wheel drive rotatably supported in an additional housing assembled to the casing at the side of the first differential. 2 ring gears, one side gear of the first differential device is connected to the case of the 20th differential device in a power transmittable manner, and the other side gear of the first differential device is connected to the case of the 20th differential device in the additional housing. One axle that extends and is coupled to the second ring gear in a power transmitting manner, and is coupled to one side gear of the second differential in a power transmittable manner, is rotatably protruded from the casing, and The other axle, which is connected to the other side gear of the second differential HN so as to be capable of transmitting power, rotatably penetrates the other side gear of the first differential device and rotatably protrudes from the additional housing. There is.

(Operations and Effects of the Invention) Accordingly, in the present invention, the differential device is disposed inside the casing of the transmission and these are connected to each other, so the power transmission path between them is shortened and the power is generated. It is possible to improve transmission efficiency and reduce weight. Furthermore, in the present invention,
Since we have abolished the placement of the differential in the additional housing assembled to the transmission casing, the additional housing can be used as a power transmission device for permanent 4-wheel drive vehicles and for 4@drive vehicles that can be switched to 2-wheel drive. It can be used in common with a power transmission device without any problems. Furthermore, in the present invention, since the additional housing is provided with a ring gear for driving the front wheels or the rear wheels, the propeller shaft can be disposed closer to the center of the vehicle, thereby improving the ease of mounting on the vehicle. - (Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a power transmission device according to the present invention. This power transmission device is for a vehicle that constantly drives four wheels, and in this power transmission device, a transmission 20 is assembled to the side of an engine (not shown) via a clutch device 11.

The transmission 20 is a known power transmission device for horizontal front engine type front wheel drive vehicles that is integrated with a final reduction gear, and includes a human power shaft 21 coaxial with the crankshaft 12 and an output shaft 22 parallel thereto. .

Note that the crankshaft 12 is arranged so as to extend in the direction (lateral direction) of the vehicle body.

However, in this embodiment, the transmission 2
A bevel gear-type first differential device (intermediate differential device 30) that divides and transmits power to the front wheels and rear wheels is installed in the part of the casing 23 of 0 in which the conventional final reduction gear was disposed; A bevel gear type second differential device (front wheel differential device 40) for driving the front wheels or rear wheels is provided.

The intermediate differential device 30 includes a ring gear 2 that is constantly meshed with an output gear 24 provided on an output shaft 22 of the transmission 20.
5, and is rotatably supported by the casing 23 of the transmission 20 by its case 31, and a front wheel differential device 40 is disposed within this case 31.

In this intermediate differential device 30, the left side sight gear 32
is formed integrally with the case 41 of the front wheel differential 40, and the right sight gear 33 is formed with a cylindrical hollow shaft portion 33a.

This hollow shaft portion 33a protrudes into an additional housing 51 assembled into the casing 23 of the l-transmission 20 at the rear of the engine (not shown). On the other hand, in the front wheel differential 40, a left side gear 42 rotatably penetrates the case 31 of the intermediate differential 30, and a left front axle 62 connected to the side gear 42 for power transmission is connected to the transmission 20. The casing 23 of the casing 23 is rotatably protruded. Further, the right side gear 43 rotatably passes through the case 41 of the front wheel differential 40, and the right front axle 53 connected to the side gear 43 so as to transmit power is an intermediate differential! 1
The additional housing 51 protrudes rotatably through the hollow shaft portion 33a of the right side gear 33 of the Z30.

A conical ring gear mount case 54 is rotatably supported within the additional housing 51, and the mount case 54 is attached to the outer periphery of the hollow shaft A/foot portion 33a of the right side gear 33 of the intermediate differential device 30. They are connected coaxially and so that power can be transmitted. A rear wheel drive ring gear 55 is attached to the large diameter portion of the mount case 54.

The rear wheel drive ring gear 55 is always in mesh with a drive pinion shaft 56 rotatably supported by the additional housing 51. The binion shaft 56 is located at the center of the vehicle in the front-rear direction, and is connected to the rear axle via a known propeller shaft and a final reduction gear for rear wheels (not shown) so that power can be transmitted to the rear axle. Further, a sleeve 57 is attached to the outer periphery of the hollow shaft portion 33a extending to the right side gear 33 of the intermediate differential device 30 to the left of the mount case 54 so as to be slidable only in the axial direction. This sleeve 5
7 is provided with an internal spline that can be engaged with and detached from an external spline installed on the cylindrical portion 31a of the case 31 of the intermediate differential device 30, and the case 31 and the right side gear 33 are connected by sliding in the axial direction. to selectively enable or disable the differential function of the intermediate differential device 30.

Based on this, in the configured embodiment, when the driving force of the engine is input from the crankshaft 12 to the input shaft 21 of the transmission 20 via the clutch device 11, one of the transmission gear sets is activated. Output shaft 2 after being shifted
2. This driving force is transmitted from the output gear 24 to the intermediate differential 30 via the ring gear 25 and is divided between both side gears 32 and 33. Left side gear 32
The driving force transmitted to the front wheel differential device 4o is transmitted to the front axle 52. through both side gears 42.43.
53. Further, the driving force transmitted to the right side gear 33 is transmitted to the rear wheel drive ring gear 55 via the mount case 54, and from the ring gear 55 to both rear axles via a binion shaft 56, a propeller shaft (not shown), and a final reduction gear. being communicated. During such driving force transmission, if the sleeve 57 slides to the right and the case 31 of the intermediate differential device 30 and the right side gear 33 are in a non-coupled state, the differential function of the intermediate differential device 30 is In the effective state, drive torque is transmitted to the front wheel differential device 40 and the rear wheel drive ring gear 55 in accordance with the load applied thereto. Further, when the sleeve 57 is sliding to the left and the case 31 and the right side gear 33 are in a coupled state, the differential function of the intermediate differential device 30 is in an invalid state and the front wheel differential device 40 is in a disabled state. The same rotation is transmitted to the rear wheel drive ring gear 55.

By the way, in this embodiment configured as above,
A front wheel differential device 4-0 is provided coaxially with the intermediate differential device 30 in the case 31 of the intermediate differential device 30 provided in the casing 23 of the transmission 20.
0.40 for those left sight gear 32 and case 41
They are connected by being integrally formed. Therefore, the power transmission path between both differential devices 30 and 40 can be shortened, the power transmission efficiency can be improved, and the weight can be reduced.

Further, in this embodiment, no differential device is disposed inside the additional housing 51, only a ring gear 55 for driving the rear wheels is provided, and the ring gear 55 is meshed with the pinion shaft 56. For this reason, additional removal 51
Also, the rear @ drive mechanism and the power transmission device for a four-wheel drive vehicle capable of switching to two-wheel drive can be made common. FIG. 2 shows the same power transmission device. In the same power transmission device, a front wheel differential device 40 is used as a differential device.
Case 41A of the same differential gear 40A.
and a mount case 54 that supports a rear wheel drive ring gear 55 are connected to enable power transmission and to be selectively intermittent. The power transmission device is substantially the same as the power transmission device shown in FIG. 1 except for these points.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, the additional housing 51
A rear wheel drive ring gear 55 is provided inside the ring gear 5.
5 is meshed with a pinion shaft 56. For this reason, the propeller shaft can be mounted at or near the center of the vehicle, making it possible to improve on-vehicle compatibility.

(Modification) In this embodiment, an example of a transverse front engine type power transmission device is shown, but in the present invention, a rear wheel differential device is adopted in place of the front wheel differential device 40. At the same time, by employing a front wheel drive ring gear in place of the rear wheel drive ring gear 55 and arranging these in front of the engine, a horizontal rear engine type power transmission device can be obtained.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a power transmission device for a permanent four-wheel drive vehicle according to an example of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a switching to two-wheel drive using an IJ housing and a U rear wheel drive mechanism of the same device. possible 4
A partial sectional view of a power transmission device for a wheel drive vehicle. FIG. 3 is a partial sectional view of a conventional power transmission device. Explanation of symbols 20...Transmission, 21...Human power shaft, 2
2... Output shaft, 23... Casing, 25... Ring gear, 30... Intermediate differential device, 31... Case, 32. ．． 33...Sight gear 1240...Front wheel differential, 41...Case, 42.43・φ・Side gear, 51...Additional housing, 52.53・Front axle, 55...Rear Ring gear for wheel drive. Applicant Toyota Motor Corporation Representative Patent Attorney Teru Hase -

Claims (1)

[Claims] A transmission that is attached separately to the side of an engine arranged so that the crankshaft extends in the direction of the vehicle body and has an input shaft that is coaxial with the crankshaft and an output shaft that is parallel to the input shaft; A first ring gear that meshes at 76 o'clock with an output gear provided on the shaft is integrally supported, is rotatably supported by the casing of the transmission, and is a bevel gear type first that divides and transmits power to front wheels and rear wheels. a differential device of the first differential device, a second differential device of a bevel gear type for front wheel or rear wheel drive disposed coaxially with the differential device within the case of the first differential device, and a second differential device of the bevel gear type for driving the front wheels or rear wheels; a second ring gear for driving rear wheels or front wheels rotatably supported in an additional housing assembled to the casing at a side of the differential; No. 20 is coupled to the case of the first differential so as to be capable of transmitting power, and the other side gear of the first differential is extended into the additional housing to provide the second differential.
one axle rotatably connected to the ring gear of the 20th differential and connected to the 20th side gear of the 20th differential so as to rotatably protrude from the casing, and the other side gear of the 20th differential. A power transmission device for a four-wheel drive vehicle, wherein the other axle rotatably connected to the side gear of the tenth differential unit rotatably penetrates the other side gear of the tenth differential gear and rotatably protrudes from the additional housing.