JPS60115501A - Photorespiration inhibitor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:A plant growth regulator capable of increasing yield in crops such as rice, wheat, beans, etc., capable of carrying out photosynthesis of plant effectively, containing a choline salt. CONSTITUTION:A plant growth regulator containing one or more compounds of choline salts (hydrochloride, phosphate, polyphosphate, sulfate, nitrate, carbonate, acetate, citrate, lactate, L(+) tartrate, etc.). Preferably an aqueous solution of the plant growth regulator is applied to leaves and stems of crops. An aqueous solution having 100-20,000ppm, preferably 300-10,000ppm active ingredient concentransion is applied. Preferably the plant growth regulator is usually used in a period of active photosynthesis period of plants, e.g. a period from growth in reproductive phase to time of harvesting.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to photorespiration inhibitors.

More specifically, the invention relates to a photorespiration inhibitor characterized by containing one or more compounds of purine salts.

If we look at agricultural production biologically, it is characterized by the fact that it uses the photosynthetic ability of green plants to accumulate solar energy on the earth, and also to produce oxygen in the atmosphere. It means that it is being supplied. However, this is not necessarily an efficient way to utilize solar energy. Looking at the world's food situation, it is predicted that by the end of this century the world's population will be double its current level, and it is predicted that it will be extremely difficult to secure enough food to cope with this population increase. I'll do it.

Many research efforts have been made to cope with such population growth. However, most of the conventional development research that has been carried out to increase agricultural productivity has stopped at improving production technology, and has focused on concretely grasping the details of the functions that plants inherently have and strengthening them. Little effort has been made in this direction. Plants generally use solar energy through photosynthesis to synthesize carbohydrates from water and carbon dioxide gas, supplying oxygen to the atmosphere. On the other hand, plants absorb oxygen from the air and release carbon dioxide gas, which is called respiration.This respiration includes photorespiration, which occurs under light, and dark respiration, which occurs in the dark. It is known that photorespiration is observed only in C5 plants. Moreover, the amount of carbon compounds consumed by photorespiration is large, and it is said that in some species of plants, 5096 of the carbon compounds assimilated through photosynthesis are decomposed by photorespiration. Therefore, if only photorespiration can be selectively suppressed without adversely affecting other metabolic processes within the plant body, it is expected that it will have the potential to correspondingly increase crop productivity.

As a result of research into the enhancement of the solar energy fixation function of green plants, the inventors found that by suppressing photorespiration in plants that perform photorespiration using a certain type of inhibitor, photosynthesis in plants can be made more efficient. They have discovered that it is possible to do this, and have completed the present invention.

When the present invention agent is used, for example, rice, wheat, beans,
F=f ability is to inhibit photorespiration in C5 plants such as sugar beet, Amashiyo, Umareishiyo, etc., plants that are the main source of food.

In the present invention, examples of purine salts include inorganic salts such as hydrochloride, phosphate, polyphosphate, sulfate, nitrate, and carbonate, and organic salts such as acetic acid, citrate, lactate, and L(+)tartrate. Indicates acid salts, etc.

Next, a production example of a compound related to the agent of the present invention will be shown.

Production example 1 Method for producing phosphoric acid pudding 50% pudding (manufactured by Nippon Hydrazine) 208g 1 pure water
110 g of 89% phosphoric acid was added dropwise to the flask under a nitrogen atmosphere while stirring and cooling the flask to below 5°C.

As a result, 402 g of a 5096 aqueous solution of phosphoric acid purine was obtained. The pH of this product was 4.9. This aqueous solution was concentrated to obtain a phosphate.

In a similar manner, various aqueous solutions of cholic acid were prepared by changing the acid, and crystals of each group were obtained by concentrating the solutions. Salt crystals from which it was difficult to obtain were tested in an aqueous solution.

Table 1 shows the physical properties of one example of the compound.

First Table Compound Name Physical Properties 16 pH 7.0 Purine Diphosphate m, p, 200 to 205°C It can be formulated into any commonly known dosage form.

The amount of the present invention agent to be used depends on the type of crop, the growth stage of the crop,
Although it varies depending on the method of use and the time of use, it is generally sprayed as an aqueous solution on the foliage of crops. As an active ingredient 1
00-20. DOOpplns preferably 500-10
．． An aqueous solution with a concentration of OOppm is sprayed.

The agent of the present invention is generally used by treating it with an aqueous solution, but it is also possible to use it in combination with liquid fertilizers, insecticides, fungicides, foliar sprays, and the like.

It is preferable to spray an aqueous solution containing a surfactant in order to make it easier for the chemicals to adhere to and penetrate the crops. The agent of the present invention is generally preferably used during the period when the photorespiration of the plant is active, for example, from the reproductive growth period to the harvest period of the plant. However, depending on the crop, it may show more favorable effects when used during the vegetative growth period, so the timing of use is not limited to #.

Next, the effects of the present agent will be explained using test examples.

Test example 1 Rice leaf assimilation box (acrylic resin 10X10xO, 6
cm), and the light intensity, room temperature, and relative humidity in the assimilation box were adjusted to 40 KAX, respectively.

It was maintained at 25°C and 8096iC. Light breathing speed! i Carbon dioxide-free air was flowed into the assimilation box at a flow rate of 11 per hour, and the carbon dioxide release rate was measured from the difference in carbon dioxide concentration at the inlet and outlet.

Carbon dioxide concentration was measured using an infrared carbon dioxide analyzer.

The test compound was dissolved in distilled water at each concentration, and pl(
was adjusted to 7. One drop of this aqueous solution was injected into the cotton soaked area in the assimilation box using a syringe through a silicone rubber stopper. Normal photorespiration rate in front of Inaba is about 2.71vCO2/dm
2. It was h r.

Table 2 shows the photorespiration inhibition rate (%) of the test compounds. .

Table 2 Compounds alD = (mMJ inhibition rate (%) Choline phosphate 8.8 17.5 17.6 41 Furin salt 1 chickpea 9.1 15 Choline lactate 9 16 Test example 2 Planted in the field = The present invention agent at various concentrations with surfactant added was sprayed at a rate of 1001/10a to potatoes (Danshiyaku) at the peak flowering stage that had grown for 2 months after J.

One month after spraying, the potatoes were harvested and the weight of the potatoes was measured.

Table 6 shows the test results.

Table 5 Compound Concentration (ppm) Untreated Ratio (96) Test Example 6 A surfactant was added to Fuganesengan which had been planted and grown in the field for one month. It was sprayed at a rate of 100t3 per 10a.

Two months after spraying, the potatoes were harvested and their weight was measured.

M6 table compound 16 Concentration (ppm) Untreated ratio (%) 250
0 99 1, 000 1 i 0 2.000 119 4 500 100 Patent applicant Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co., Ltd. Representative Kazuyoshi Nagano Procedural Amendment 1981 JJ 71J Mr. Commissioner of the Japan Patent Office■, Incident Display Light Respiratory inhibitor 3, relationship with the case of the person making the amendment Patent applicant address: 2-5-2 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan Detailed description of the invention in the specification 5, Detailed description of the invention in the description of the contents of the amendment Correct as follows.

(1) From 7th line from the bottom of page 3 to 3rd line from the bottom 111 It is possible to increase the yield of crops such as horseradish, corn, and sugarcane. j(2) Add the following test example to page 9 of the specification.

Test example 4゜ Young practical corn (cross 7
Each concentration of the present invention agent (No.) with a surfactant added thereto was applied to flk cloth at a rate of 100ff per 1Oa.

On November 11, the cloth was harvested after 55 days and the yield was measured.

The results are shown in Table 4.

Supplementary Procedures 11 Uran Showa et al. 04 December 1! + 1.1 1981 Patent Application No. 5'1 No. 2225 (i8 No. 2, Name of Invention Photorespiratory Inhibitor 3, Relationship with the Amendment Case! 17 Purpose '11 - Former Head Address Chiyo 0, Tokyo .1 Section 9, Item 5, No. 2-4, Subject of amendment (1) Column of title of invention in application (2) Description 5, Contents of amendment (Part 11, Part 11 Catalog of tlliil Original application 1 copy (2) Amended specification 1 copy (3) Request for review 1 consecutive letter Correct details f) 1. Name of the invention ＼ Plant growth d4 i.e. h)] 2. Claims choline salt -1・r! Detailed Description of the Invention [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a plant growth agent which contains a compound containing the following compounds: It is something.

More specifically, this invention relates to a plant growth agent characterized by containing one or more compounds of choline salt.

[Prior art]

It has been known that rooting can be promoted by soaking sweet potato seedlings in a choline solution.

However, there have been no reports of increasing crop yields by treating crops with choline salts.

[Problem that the invention attempts to solve]

When looking at agricultural production from a biological perspective, it is characterized by the fact that it utilizes the photosynthetic ability of green plants to store solar energy on the earth. This means that oxygen is being supplied to the However, this is not necessarily the most efficient way to utilize solar energy. Looking at the world's food situation, it is predicted that by the end of the 20th century, the world's population will be about twice as large as the current one, and that food consumption needs to be increased to cope with this increase in food intake. (
, 11th grade is expected to be extremely difficult.

Many efforts have been made in the past to deal with the increase in the number of people like this. However, most of the conventional development research that has been carried out to increase agricultural productivity has stopped at improving production technology, weakening the JR ability that plants inherently have, and strengthening it. Little effort has been made in this direction. In general, plants use solar energy through photosynthesis to synthesize carbohydrates from water and carbon dioxide, and supply oxygen to the atmosphere.

As a result of research into the enhancement of solar energy fixing ability by green plants, the inventors discovered that photosynthesis in plants can be improved more efficiently by administering the agent of the present invention to plants. This led to the formation of the present invention.

[Failure to solve the problem]

When the agent of the present invention is used, photosynthesis of plants such as Il, No, Gi, Bean, Sugar beet, Amashiyo, Umareishiyo, Maize, sugarcane, etc., that is, plants that are the main source of food, can be carried out. It is the ability of hJ to increase the appearance of crops.

In the present invention, choline salts, 1C, salts with inorganic groups such as hydrochloride, phosphate, polyphosphate, sulfate, nitrate, carbonate, acetic acid, citrate, milk 1, L( g) iv (Indicates salts such as lithates, etc.)

Next, a production example of a compound related to the agent of the present invention will be shown.

Production Example 1 Method for producing choline phosphate 110 g of 89% choline phosphate was added dropwise to 84 M pure water of 50% choline (Japan Hydrazine Im) 20811 under a nitrogen atmosphere while stirring and cooling to below 5°C.

As a result, a 50% aqueous solution of choline 402.7(1)i acid was obtained. The p)iij of this product was 4.9.

This aqueous solution was made into shoes to obtain a phosphate.

In the same way, by changing the acid, an aqueous solution of the divine choline salt was made, and by concentrating it, crystals of each group were obtained. In addition, when it was difficult to obtain salt crystals, an aqueous solution of 1\ was used for the test.

Table 1 shows the physical properties of one example of the compound.

Compounds in Table 1 Compound name Physical properties (I1 Genus p) 47.0 2 Choline acid Ill 13. 200~2 (15°
C The agent of the present invention can be formulated into any conventional dosage form such as powder, aqueous solution, emulsion, aqueous or oily suspension.

The elm used in the present invention varies depending on the type of crop, the growth stage of the crop, how it is used and when it is used, etc., but usually the dosage per area is ioog to iooooog per ha.
and preferably 500! /~4000g.

The agent of the present invention is generally applied as an aqueous solution to the foliage of crops. In this case, the active ingredient is 100 to 20000p.
An aqueous solution with a concentration of pm, preferably 600 to 110,000 ppm is applied.

Although the agent of the present invention is generally used in the form of an aqueous solution, it can also be used in combination with liquid fertilizers, insecticides, fungicides, foliar sprays, and the like.

In order to make it easier for the chemical to adhere to and penetrate the crops, an aqueous solution containing a surfactant is sprayed (it is preferable to do so). For example, it is preferable to use it during the reproductive period of the plant until the harvest period.However, depending on the crop, it may show a more favorable effect when used during the vegetative growth period, so the timing of use is particularly It is not limited.

Next, the effects of the present agent will be explained using test examples.

〔Example〕

Test Example 1 Wheat (Norin No. 61) was cultivated for 10 days using vermiculite as the cultivation soil in a natural light phytotron controlled at 25°C during pregnancy and 20°C at night. Protoplasts and complete chloroplasts were isolated from this wheat by conventional methods, and the effect of choline chloride on photosynthesis of these protoplasts and complete chloroplasts was investigated using an oxygen electrode.

i.e. 0.3 mM and i 0 mM NaHc03 at 25°C.
The photosynthetic ability of protoplasts and complete chloroplasts was examined from the oxygen release rate under the conditions of irradiation with light of 1 ooooo lux.

The reaction solution was 50 mM HEPES-KOH (pH 7,6
), using 0.4 M sorbitol, 1 mM EDTA,
After incubating protoplasts or complete chloroplasts and choline chloride in the reaction solution for 1 minute, light was irradiated to initiate photosynthesis. The measurement results are shown in Table 10, setting the photosynthetic capacity of the untreated plot as 100.

Test Example 2 Potatoes (Danshiyaku) at the peak flowering stage that had been grown for two months after being planted in the field were sprayed with various concentrations of the present invention agent containing Ibun activator at a rate of 1001/10a.

One month after spraying, the potatoes were harvested and the weight of the potatoes was measured. Table 6 shows the test results.

Table 6 -5゜Test Example 3 10a of the present invention agent at various concentrations with a surfactant added to Amashiyo (Scutellaria japonica) that had been planted and grown for one month in a 1 dti field.
Two months after spraying, the potatoes were acidified and their weight was measured. The results are shown in Table 4.

Table 4 Test Example 4 Maize seedlings grown for 70 days after germination in the field (cross 7
The present invention agent at various concentrations was sprayed at a rate of 1,001 particles per 10 a.

The seeds were harvested 55 days after spraying and the yield was measured. The results are shown in Table 5.

Table 5 Test Example 5 Green onion (Fukaya 4622) seeds (3.2 dl/10a)
The seeds were sown on February 6th, and tunnel cultivation was performed using vinyl sheets. The vinyl sheet was removed on April 26th.

On May 29th, each concentration of compound-l with surfactant added.
1 was applied to the stems and leaves at a rate of 1001/10a. At this time, the green onions were growing to a height of 15 to 20 cm.

The number of crops per section was 50 cylinders.

Green onion seedlings were harvested on July 3rd, and fresh weight was measured. Table 6 shows the test results.

Table 6 Test Example 6 Plant height 15-20 CIIL 12. Onion seedlings grown at the 5-6 leaf stage were planted on May 12th.

On July 29th, each dose of compound &1 was added at 100 per 10a.
1 was dissolved in water, a surfactant was added, and the mixture was sprayed on onion stems and leaves.

One tree was harvested on September 18th, and the yield was measured. Table 7 shows the test results.

Table 7 Test Example 7 On May 21st, each dose of compound/61 was applied at 20 per 10a.
01 was dissolved in water, a surfactant was added thereto, and the mixture was sprinkled on the stems and leaves of fall-sown wheat at the flowering stage.

, Harvested on July 25th, measured above ground dry weight and wheat yield, and sold. Table 8 shows the test results.

Test example 8 Seeds of soybean (Kitakomachi) were sown on the 5th and 6th days of JJ.

On June 19th, we won 10a of each dose of compound 爲1! 720
01 in water, added with a surfactant, and sprayed on the foliage of soybeans during the flowering stage.

It was harvested on September 15th and the yield was measured. Table 9 shows the test results.

Table 9 Test example 9' Seeds of soybean (Suzyuta Chikara) were sown on June 11th.

On August 26th, each dose of compound I≦1 was added at 100 per 10a.
It was dissolved in J water, added with a surfactant, and sprayed on soybeans 20 days after flowering.

It was harvested on October 6th and the yield was measured. Table 10 shows the test results.

Table 10 Test Example 10 Large 11N (Myahikekuikon) yuzu were sown on July 60th and covered with cheesecloth to prevent oilworms.

Twenty days after seeding, the cheesecloth was removed, and choline chloride solutions of various concentrations were sprayed four times at one-week intervals.

On October 2nd, the acidity was measured, and the bombardment and cavity ratio were investigated. Note that when a void occurs, both product values will be lost by one. 1st
Table 1 shows the test results.

Table 11

Claims (1)

[Claims] Photorespiration inhibitor characterized by containing one or more compounds of purine salts