JPS60114473A - Rock drill for dredger - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a rock drilling device for a dredger, which is mainly used when the surface layer of the water bottom is a reef.

The cutter of a conventional dredger with a cutter has sufficient excavation ability for soil with accumulated sediment at the bottom of the water, but its ability to excavate rocky reefs is significantly reduced.

This is because an effective method for crushing reefs is to repeatedly hit the surface layer with a rigid body with a wedge-shaped tip.
Since the cutter is continuously rotating, the cutting teeth of the cutter cannot concentrate on one point on the reef.
This is because the surface layer can only be slightly scraped or scratched.

Therefore, one of the applicant companies has developed a cam cylinder that can be attached and detached to the tip of the cutter drive shaft at the tip of the suction ladder of a dredger as a rock drilling device that can be installed in place of a cutter to effectively crush rock reefs. A rock jackhammer body that fits and surrounds the cam cylinder is attached to the outer end of the suction ladder, and the rock drill body is slid in a direction perpendicular to the cutter drive shaft within a vertical plane passing through the cutter drive shaft. A stopper part which is movably inserted and comes into contact with the lower end of the rock drilling machine body is protruded from the center part, and a striking rod from which a chisel for rock drilling is protruded from the lower end,
Rock drilling by a dredger, in which the rock drilling machine body is slowly raised in conjunction with the rotation of the cam cylinder, and then suddenly dropped, causing a sharp blow with the striking rod at its lower end via the stopper part. The device was proposed in Japanese Patent Application No. 58-68991.

However, in this type of rock drilling rig, the weight of the rudder is used for both the pressing force of the tip of the chisel against the reef and the striking force of the striking rod, so there is the problem that large vibrations are generated in the hull each time a strike is made. be.

The present invention has been proposed in view of the above circumstances, and uses the weight of the rudder to press the tip of the chisel against the reef, but the striking force against the striking rod is generated by the built-in hammer mechanism, which is applied to the hull of the ship. To provide a rock drilling device for a dredger which effectively and stably performs rock drilling work by reducing the vibration of the rock and increasing or decreasing the weight of a hammer mechanism according to the hardness of the reef.

To this end, the present invention provides a method in which a cam cylinder is removably fitted to the tip of a cutter drive shaft at the tip of a suction ladder of a dredger, and a rock drilling machine body surrounding the cam cylinder is attached to the outer end of the suction ladder. It is slidably inserted into the rock jackhammer body in a vertical plane passing through the cutter drive shaft in a direction perpendicular to the cutter drive shaft, penetrating the lower end of the rock jackhammer body in the middle part. In a rock drilling device equipped with a striking rod having a protruding stopper portion and a chisel for rock drilling protruding from the lower end thereof, the cutter is provided in the rock drilling machine body and is installed in the vertical plane containing the cutter drive shaft. A weight that is slidably guided in a direction perpendicular to the drive shaft and that slowly rises in conjunction with the rotation of the cam cylinder via a roller and then suddenly drops to strike the upper end of the striking rod. and a safety device that detects the relative position of the striking rod with respect to the rock jackhammer body and prevents dry hitting of the striking rod by prohibiting the hammer member from falling. It is characterized by

One embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 is a side view showing a dredger equipped with this device, Fig. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of this device attached to the tip of the rudder in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a side view showing a dredger equipped with the present device. The figure is a sectional view taken along arrow ■-III in Figure 2, Figure 4 is a partially enlarged view showing the safety device (5) in Figure 3, and Figure 5 (8), CB), (C
) is a diagram of the operating principle of this device, and FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a modification of FIG. 2.

First, as shown in Figures 1 to 3, a cutter that is removably attached to the tip of the suction ladder of a conventional cutter-equipped dredger is removed from a dredger equipped with the rock drilling equipment of the present invention. This device A is installed, and the mounting part IC of the rock drilling machine body 1 is fitted into the outer periphery of the suction head C that forms the tip of the suction ladder a, and the rock drilling machine tightening part is fixed to a part of the suction ladder. Ring a1 and mounting part I
It is fixed by inserting the tightening bolts 2 into a plurality of bolt holes provided in alignment with C and tightening them.

Then, at the tip of the suction ladder a, attach the cam cylinder 3 to the threaded part for attaching the cutter at the tip of the cutter drive shaft.
are removably screwed together, and the cam cylinder 3 has a plurality of cams 3a, 3a' (
6) Each cam has three cam parts protruding at a center angle of 120°.

Further, a striking rod 4 is fitted below the cam 3a portion of the cam barrel 3, and the frame portion 4a of the striking rod 4 is connected to the sliding barrel portion la of the rock drill body.
The top surface of the frame is the surface to be hit by the hammer 8, and a ring 6 is attached to the frame near the top to prevent the striking rod from falling off. It is fitted.

Furthermore, at the bottom of the striking rod, there are multiple chisels for rock drilling (CHI).
SEL) 5 is removably inserted, and the upper surface of the insertion part is formed as a support surface 4b for the ladder weight, while the support surface 4b
The lower surface 1b of the rock drill main body, which faces the support surface 4b, transmits the rudder weight, and this weight presses the tip of the chisel against the reef surface.

The chisel insertion part has a rectangular shape, and an appropriate gap is provided so that adjacent striking bars 4 can interfere with each other and restrict the rotation of the striking rod. 58-6
It is the same as the example of No. 8991.

However, in addition to the above-mentioned structure, this rock drilling apparatus has a hammer mechanism according to the present invention, and this hammer mechanism has a quadrilateral frame surrounding the cam cylinder, and the upper side is the center part of the lower surface. It consists of a roller base plate 11 on which a roller 10 is protruded in order to come into contact with the cam 3a, and a weight 9 superimposed on the upper surface of the roller base plate 11, and a space is provided near the left and right ends of the roller base plate 11 and a weight 9 corresponding to the lower side. It is formed by inserting and tightening a plurality of continuous rods 12 into a vertical through hole, and the continuous rods 12 are attached parallel to each other, and the guide tube 1 is fixed to the rock drill body.
3a, 13b so as to be slidable in the same direction as the striking rod 4.

In such a device, as shown in FIG. 3, when the cam cylinder 3 rotates in the direction of the
1. The weight 9 and the hammer 8 suspended from the continuous rod 12 are lifted up together.

At this time, a slit is provided on the upper surface of the hammer 8 so that the rotating cam (protrusion) does not come into contact with it, and when the hammer 8 falls and hits the top surface of the striking rod, the roller 10 moves to the base of the cam. When the striking rod 4 is excessively lowered so as not to contact the circle, a safety device that prevents the hammer 8 from falling is activated to prevent so-called dry striking, as will be described later.

The impact force required to crush a reef differs depending on the nature of the reef, so the weight 9 has a weight appropriate for that, and the weight 9 is attached not only to the upper surface of the roller base plate 11 but also to the hammer as shown in FIG. It is also possible to concentrate the installation on some parts.

When the hammer mechanism is lifted up by the roller 10 in contact with the cam 3a, a safety device detects whether or not the hammer mechanism will fall, and controls the timing of the fall.

Next, referring to the safety device, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, when the hammer mechanism is lifted up to near the top of the cam 3a (9), the rocker arm 14, as shown by the chain line in FIG. The slip portion 14a is pushed by the cam 3a', rotates clockwise around the pin 150, and the hook portion 14b protruding from the lower end enters the lower part of the hammer 8.

When the cam cylinder 3 rotates further and the roller 10 approaches the cut-off portion BbK of the cam 3a, the roller 10 loses its support, but at this time, the rocker arm hook portion 1.4. b has entered the lower part of the hammer, so the hammer mechanism does not fall.
The total weight is from the roller 10 to the rocker arm hook 14I.
), and the rocker arm 14 is formed and installed so as to maintain this state until the apex of the cam 3 a / (= cut-off portion 3 b') which is in contact with the tip of the slip portion 14 a passes. .

The cam 3a' that the slip portion 14a of the rocker arm 14 abuts may be the same as the cam 3a that the roller 10 abuts, or a different cam; in this embodiment, the cam 3a' is adjacent to (10). Another cam 33' is used.

In addition to the above-mentioned function of regulating the fall timing of the hammer mechanism, the safety device also has a function to prevent dry firing as described below.

That is, as shown in FIG. 4, if the range of axial movement of the striking rod 4 in the sliding cylinder is expressed by the position of the center point p of the detection piece 7 fixed to the ring 6 on the upper part of the striking rod, then p The highest position of the point is from the upper edge of the sliding barrel part la of the rock jackhammer body when the lower surface 1b of the rock drill body is in contact with the striking rod support surface 4b and transfers the rudder weight, and the tip of the chisel is pressed against the reef by that weight. The height of point p measured in the axial direction is ht, and the lowest position of point p is when the tip of the chisel does not touch the reef and the lower surface of ring 6 of the striking rod is supported by the upper edge of sliding barrel part la of the rock jackhammer body. It is ho when it is in a suspended state.

The critical position of point p, that is, the critical point between the range where safe impact operation is possible and the range where danger is expected based on experience, is expressed by hc.

In this case, a dangerous situation is when the lower surface of the ring 6 on the striking rod is in contact with or close to the upper edge of the main body sliding tube portion la, and if a striking force is applied to the top surface of the striking rod, the lower surface of the ring 6 will touch the main body sliding tube portion la. This refers to a case where there is a risk of damage due to collision with the upper edge of the portion 1a, and a case where the shot is fired against a reef.

Summarizing these, Full working range of the striking rod -h i -h.

Safe operating range of = h t - dangerous range of h c - hC - hO.

In the present invention, the dangerous range (h c - h o ) and the critical point h c are set in advance empirically, and the detection piece 7 fixed to the ring 6 of the striking rod A mechanism that operates when the critical point is reached, ie, a lock lever 19° bell crank 17, controls the engagement and disengagement of the stopper 16 that restrains the rotation of the rocker arm 14 that supports the hammer 8.

In this way, while operating in the safe operating range (ht-hc), the bell crank 17 is pushed by the detection piece 7, rotates clockwise around the shaft 18, and the other end compresses the stopper spring 16b to create a stopper. The pull rod 16a is pulled downward and the connected stopper 16 is retracted.

Then, when the cam cylinder 3 rotates and the cam cut thin part 3b' comes in front of the slip part 14a of the rocker arm, the rocker arm 14 assumes a free posture, and the hook part 14b retreats from the lower part of the hammer 8. makes a falling blow with the striking stick 4,
At this time, the lock lever 190 hook part 19a fits into the contact part formed on the lower end of the stopper body 16c, and the spring 1
The reaction force (extension force) of 6b is the lock part 19a of the lock lever.
Then, the pressing force between the bell crank 17 and the detection piece 7 disappears.

However, when the detection piece 7 enters the dangerous area (hc-ho), that is, when the tip of the chisel is placed in a position slightly lower than the position shown in FIG. First, the lock lever 19 is pushed down by the detection piece 7 (13) and the other end lock part 19a is released from the contact part of the stopper body 1- to release the restraint, and at that moment the bell crank 17 is released by the reaction force of the spring 16b. The bell crank 1 rotates counterclockwise around the shaft 18, and the concave portion 17a formed on the detection side comes into contact with the slightly lowered detection piece 7 and stops.
The other end (stopper pull rod side) of 7 moves upward to free the stopper pull rod 16a.

In this way, during strokes other than when the hammer 8 is lifted near the top by the cam 3a, the long car arm 1
4, the hook portion 14b is located outside the side surface of the hammer 8, and the shaft 1
Since it is in a free posture hanging from 5, stopper 1
Due to the tension of the six springs 16b, the rocker arm protrudes slightly and its tip abuts against the bottom surface 14d of the rocker arm.

When the hammer 8 is lifted near the top by the cam 3a and the rocker arm slip portion 14a is pushed by the cam 3a', the rocker arm (14) hook portion 14. When b enters the lower part of the nozzle 8, the bottom surface 14d also moves, and the rotation stopper 14c hits the stopper 1.
Come to the front of 6.

At this time, since the stopper 16 is pressed by the spring force as described above, the stopper 16 is fitted into the rocker arm rotation stopper part], 4c, and prevents the hook part 14b from retreating.

If the detection piece 7 drops further from this critical point, the lock lever 19 will only be pushed down, the other mechanisms will not change, and the stopper 16 will hold the rocker arm 14 until the situation returns to a state where safe striking work is possible. do not release the restraints of

As mentioned above, the bell crank 17. which restricts the movement of the stopper 16 in and out. The long lever 19 operates within a very limited range in which the detection piece 7 passes through a preset critical point, and after that it hardly moves. However, the lock lever 19 is pushed by the very weak spring 21 and follows the detection piece 7 only within the dangerous range.

The main points of the operating principle of this rock drilling rig described above are summarized by (15) Figure 5. Figure 5 (A) and (T3) are within the range that allows safe work (11t~h c ) (tlc
This is the case where the center point p of the detection piece 7 is located.

Figure (A) is the most desirable state in which the entire weight of the rudder is applied to the striking rod support surface 4b and the tip of the chisel is pressed against the reef, the hammer mechanism is lifted to the highest position, and the roller 10 is placed in the cam cut-off portion 31). However, since the rocker arm 14 supports the lower part of the hammer 8 at that time, it will not fall.

The cam 3 rotates further and the slip portion 14a of the rocker arm
When the cam cut-off part 3b' comes to the front of the rocker arm hook part 14b, the rocker arm hook part 14b, as shown in FIG. Then...the mer mechanism falls.

FIG. 13 (I3) shows a state in which the hammer 8, which has fallen while the striking rod 4 is pressing the chisel against the reef due to its own weight, is striking the top surface of the striking rod 4.

In the figure (q), since the position of the striking rod is within the dangerous range (h c (16) to h o ), the hammer mechanism is lifted to the highest position, and then the cam cylinder 3 further rotates and the roller 10 ．．
Since both the rocker arm slip portions 14a are located after passing the cut-off portions 3b and 3b' of the cam, the non-merger should naturally fall, but the dangerous position of the detection piece 7 is detected and the stopper 16 is fitted into the rocker arm rotation stopper 14C to prevent the hook from retreating, so the hammer does not fall.

When this rock drilling device is attached to the tip of the suction ladder of a dredger with a cutter set, the striking form of the striking rod (including chisel) during rock drilling work is considered as shown in Figures 1 and 5. During rock drilling work at any point on a reef, environmental conditions such as the operation of the wire g that suspends the suction ladder, the inclination of the ladder due to water depth, and the unevenness of the surface of the reef that is the object to be crushed change every moment during the work process. Therefore, the striking form of the striking stick also changes accordingly.

In general, in a rock drilling rig with one striking rod, (17) If the wire g is sufficiently loosened, the weight of the rudder will be applied to the striking rod, and the tip of the chisel will be pressed against the reef by the full weight of the rudder. The desired working configuration is as shown in Figure 5 (A), but when the wire g is under tension, the work is as shown in Figure 5 (B).
(C) In some cases, the striking rod is in a completely suspended state, which makes it unsuitable for rock drilling.

In the case of rock drilling rigs with multiple striking rods, the shapes are slightly different, and the rudder weight is not applied equally to each striking rod, and the chisel closest to the underwater reef surface arrives first. , the supporting surface 4b of the striking rod corresponding to the chisel comes into contact with the lower surface 1b of the rock jackhammer body, supporting the entire weight of the rudder and taking the form shown in Figure (A), but other striking rods are not inserted. Even if the chisel tip hits a rock, as shown in Figures (B) and (C), the chisel tip is crimped only by the weight of the striking rod (including the chisel), or the chisel tip does not hit the rock at all and is cut. Various configurations may be taken, such as the upper edge of the sliding cylinder portion Ia of the rock machine body supporting the lower surface of the striking rod ring 6 in a suspended state.

(18) When rock drilling work is started in such a state, the hammer will not drop and hit the rock because the safety device will of course activate as mentioned above for the striking rod that is in the dangerous range, but the striking rod that can be operated will break the reef. When the rock at the tip of the chisel, which was initially in the state shown in Fig. 5 (5), is crushed, the supporting surface 4b of the striking rod is at the bottom surface 1 of the rock jackhammer body.
The weight of the rudder is separated from b and the weight of the rudder is supported by other hitting rods, so the work continues by repeating this shoulder switching between each hitting rod, and in the end, each hitting rod is working evenly. This work will be carried out and the initial objective will be achieved.

In this way, in rocky reef areas, this device (A) is attached to the tip of the suction ladder, and the first step is to crush the reef e.Once the required range of crushing work is completed, the next step is rock drilling. The device (5) is replaced with a normal dredging cutter, which performs the original dredging work such as shaping the crushed pieces and conveying water.

At this time, the number of strikes per unit time can be appropriately determined by controlling the rotational speed of the cutter drive motor and changing the number of cams 3a in one rotation of the cam cylinder 3.

As detailed above, according to the rock drilling device for a dredger of the present invention, the rock drilling machine body, which is attached to the outer periphery of the suction head at the tip of the dredger's rudder, can be freely attached to and detached from the tip of the cutter drive shaft. The installed cam cylinder is contained in the substantially central part thereof, and a striking rod that is slidable in the vertical direction perpendicular to the cutter drive shaft is held at the bottom of the cam cylinder.

Between the cam cylinder and the top surface of the striking rod, there is a hammer mechanism that has a hammer that can move in the same direction as the striking rod, and a hammer mechanism that detects whether or not the striking rod can safely strike and controls the falling impact of the hammer mechanism. A safety device is provided to apply the striking force generated by the drop caused by the cam and the weight of the hammer mechanism to the top surface of a striking rod held by a chisel inserted in the lower part and its tip pressed against the reef.

Incidentally, the differences and similarities between the present invention and the earlier patent application No. 1983-68991 are listed below.

■ Common items: (1) How to install this rock drilling rig at the tip of the suction ladder of a cutter dredger and its shape.

(2) The shape of the striking rod and the part that supports the weight of the rudder.

(3) How to arrange multiple striking rods.

(4) Chisel installation instructions.

(5) Attach a cam cylinder to the tip of the cutter drive shaft, and attach the cam (
Lifting a heavy object with a protrusion (protrusion) and using the acceleration when it falls to generate impact force.

(6) Use the weight of the rudder or the weight of the striking rod to press the tip of the chisel against the reef.

■ Differences (21) The present invention, Patent Application No. 58-6899 (1) Heavy object that provides impact force Hammer mechanism Rudder (2)
) Dry striking action Prevention mechanism and equipment No prevention mechanism required (3) Vibration generation during operation Small Large According to this type of device, the weight of the karemarada that presses the tip of the chisel against the reef is used, but the striking force applied to the striking rod is Since the hammer mechanism is built into this device, vibration is small. By increasing or decreasing the weight of the hammer mechanism according to the hardness of the reef, effective and stable rock drilling work is possible, and vibration is reduced. Naturally, with the reduction of this, adverse effects on the various equipment and instruments on board the ship are avoided, and there are many benefits such as eliminating discomfort for the crew.

In short, according to the present invention, a cam barrel is removably fitted to the tip of a cutter drive shaft at the tip of a suction ladder of a dredger, and a rock drilling machine body surrounding the cam barrel is attached to the outer end of the suction ladder. A cutter drive (22) is slidably inserted into the rock drilling machine body in a vertical plane passing through the cutter drive shaft, passing through the lower end of the rock drilling machine body in a direction perpendicular to the shaft, and the rock drilling machine is inserted into the central part of the cutter drive shaft. In a rock drilling machine equipped with a striking rod that protrudes from the bottom end of the machine body and a stopper part that comes into contact with the bottom end of the machine body, a chisel for rock drilling also protrudes from the bottom end of the rock drilling machine. The upper end of the striking rod is slidably guided in a plane perpendicular to the cutter drive shaft and slowly rises in conjunction with the rotation of the cam cylinder through rollers, and then suddenly falls, causing the upper end of the striking rod to A safety device that detects the relative position of a hammer member having a weight for hitting the hammer and the hitting rod with respect to the rock jackhammer body and prevents the hammer member from falling, thereby preventing dry hitting against the hitting rod. The present invention is industrially extremely useful because it provides a high-performance rock drilling device for a dredger.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a side view showing a dredger equipped with the device of the present invention;
The figure is a longitudinal sectional view of this device attached (23) to the tip of the ladder in Figure 1, and Figure 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the device attached to the tip of the ladder in Figure 2.
4 is a partially enlarged view showing the safety device in FIG. 3, FIGS. It is also a longitudinal sectional view showing a modification of the figure. 1... Rock drill main body, 1a... Sliding tube part, 1b... Rudder weight transmission surface, IC... Main body mounting part, 2...・Tightening bolt, 3...Cam tube, 3a...Cam, 3a'・
...cam, 3b... cut-off part, 3b'... cut-off part,
4...Blowing rod, 4a...Blowing rod frame portion, 4b...Ladder weight support surface, 5...Chisel, 6...Ring, 7
...detection piece, 8...hammer, 9...weight,
10...Roller, 11...Roller base plate, 12...
Connecting rod, 13a... Guide tube (upper part), 13b... Guide tube (lower part), 14... Rocker arm, 14a...
Slip part, 14-b... hook part, 14c... rotation stopper part, 14d... bottom surface, 15... pin, 16...
・Stopper, 16a... Pull rod, 16b... Spring, 1
6c...stopper body, 16d...spring holder, 17
...Bell crank, 17a...Recess, 18...Shaft, (24) 19...Lock lever, 19a...Lock part, 20
...pin, 21...spring, 22...stay, A.
...Rock drilling rig, X...Cutter shaft rotation direction, a...
Suction ladder, al...Body tightening ring, b...
・Cutter drive shaft, C...Suction head, d...
・Bearing, C... Reef, f... Spud, g... Wire, k... Dredger. Sub-Agent Patent Attorney Masafumi Tsukamoto (25) Figure 2A Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 (A) (B) (c)

Claims (1)

[Claims] A cam tube is removably fitted to the tip of a cutter drive shaft at the tip of a suction ladder of a dredger, a rock jackhammer body that surrounds the cam tube is attached to the outer end of the suction ladder, and the rock jackhammer body It is slidably inserted through the lower end of the rock drilling machine body in a vertical plane passing through the cutter drive shaft in a direction perpendicular to the cutter drive shaft, and has a stopper part in the center that comes into contact with the lower end of the rock drilling machine body. In a rock drilling device equipped with a striking rod from which a chisel for rock drilling is protruded from the lower end of the rock drilling machine, the direction perpendicular to the cutter drive shaft is provided within the rock drilling machine body and includes the cutter drive shaft. a hammer member having a weight that is slidably guided by a roller and slowly rises in conjunction with the rotation of the cam cylinder through a roller, and then suddenly falls on the tile, thereby striking the upper end of the striking frame; A dredger for drilling a dredger, comprising: a safety device that detects the relative position of the striking frame with respect to the rock drilling machine body and prevents the hammer member from falling, thereby preventing dry hitting against the striking frame. Rock equipment.