RU2069255C1 - Dynamic hammer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: devices for recovery of casings from wells, for example, from water wells. SUBSTANCE: dynamic hammer has body connected with its upper part to block and tackle system of drilling rig, striker spring-loaded relative to the body, side rests spring-loaded relative to the body and having limit actuating forces regulated by springs, and cap which is installed on casing to be recovered and serves as anvil. EFFECT: considerable reduction of labor input in recovery of metal casings from wells, decreased energy consumption and economically efficient. 1 dwg

Description

 The alleged invention relates to devices designed to extract metal casing from wells, for example from water intakes.

 Known devices for the extraction of metal casing, creating static traction using a tackle system of drilling rigs, hydraulic and screw jacks, etc. (Rebrik B.M. Drilling of engineering-geological wells: Reference book, M. Nedra, 1990, p. 210 214).

где m масса ударной части,
v скорость удара.If the lifting force of these devices is insufficient to remove the pipes, auxiliary means are used to create dynamic loads on the pipes. These are vibration exciters, vibration hammers, surface and submersible vibrators, shock-vibration jars, etc.), shock women, two-link shock mechanisms, etc. [1] The energy of a single shock of shock mechanisms is determined by the formula:

where m is the mass of the shock,
v speed of impact.

 However, the above percussion mechanisms do not allow for high impact speeds due to the low lifting speed of the percussion mechanism, and therefore, to produce sufficient impacts on the pipe.

The closest to the proposed technical solution are percussion devices used to eliminate sticks of drill pipes in the wells and having a shock hammer, which inflicts sharp single blows on the anvil of the percussion mechanism associated with the stuck drill pipe string. When the gripping-releasing device (lock) of the percussion mechanism is activated, the striker accelerates due to the transformation of the potential energy of the elastically deformed drill pipe string, on which the percussion mechanism is lowered into the well, into kinetic energy [2]
However, these percussion mechanisms can only be used in conjunction with a drill string of a sufficiently large length (hundreds of meters), because the actual elongation (deformation) of the drill string at the wellhead from tension during discharge of the lock should exceed the stroke of the hammer. In addition, the small transverse dimension of the wellbore (0.2 0.3 m) limits the size of the impact mechanism and, accordingly, the mass of the impact part and the energy received per unit impact.

 To increase the effort directed to the extraction of metal casing pipes from the well, and to exclude the transfer of dynamic loads to the mast of the drilling rig, the proposed technical solution is a dynamic hammer, including a body, a striker, an anvil and a gripping-releasing device, which is characterized in that the striker is spring-loaded relative to the body , the anvil is a head mounted on the casing, and the gripping-releasing device is made in the form of having the possibility of contact with ovkom spring-loaded relative to the housing lateral stops.

 The drawing shows a schematic diagram of a dynamic drummer. The dynamic hammer comprises a housing 1, which is attached in the upper part to the rig system 2 of the drilling rig, a hammer 3, spring-loaded relative to the housing 1 by springs 4, and movable side stops 5 that are moved in a horizontal plane, the maximum response forces of which are regulated by the springs 6. The dynamic hammer the head 7, which is functionally an anvil, is placed on the upper end of the recoverable casing.

 Dynamic drummer works as follows. In the initial position, the stops 5 spring-loaded relative to the housing 1 are lowered below the head 7 placed on the casing. Under the action of the force generated by the hoist system of the drilling rig, the body of the dynamic drummer 1 moves up until the movable side stops 5 come in contact with the head 7. The movable stops 5, by means of the springs 6, adjust for a certain actuation force, which depends on the force generated by the hoist system. With further tension, the springs 4 are compressed and, when a certain tension is reached, the movable stops 5 are released from contact with the tip and the striker 3 (striker) suddenly moves upward to come in contact with the tip 7. In this case, the striker strikes dynamically from the bottom of the head, which is 5 10 times the effort developed by the tackle system of the drilling rig. Then the dynamic drummer is returned to its original position, and again there is tension in the body of the dynamic drummer and striking the head of the casing.

 This process is continued until the casing string is strained, when the load-carrying capacity of the rig's rig system is sufficient to lift it. After that, the dynamic drummer is removed from the casing and disconnected from the tackle system. Further rise from the casing is carried out using the tackle system of the drilling rig according to generally accepted technology.

 The proposed dynamic impactor can significantly reduce the labor required to extract metal casing from the wells, making this process less energy intensive and, therefore, more economical.

Claims (1)

 A dynamic drummer comprising a housing, a striker, an anvil and a gripping-releasing device, characterized in that the striker is spring-loaded relative to the housing, the anvil is a head mounted on the casing, and the gripping-releasing device is made in the form of spring-loaded relative to the head housing side stops.