JPS60110215A - Artificial bog moss and its production - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Technical Field of the Invention) The present invention relates to human water and its FJQ method.

(Conventional technology and its problems) The demand for natural sphagnum moss used for growing ornamental plants has increased recently, and domestic production alone cannot keep up with the demand. The current situation is that there are strong demands from various quarters for an increase in the amount. However, it is a naturally occurring product, and there is little hope that the supply will increase in the future.1 In this situation, sphagnum moss has recently been announced and commercially available for various people. Sphagnum moss is originally 11'J, with eroded bulk quality, water absorption performance, water retention performance,
At present, we have not yet found anything that can compete with natural sphagnum moss, which has well-balanced properties such as breathability.

Basic requirements for horticultural sphagnum moss
(1' I
It is also extremely important to refrain from profanity.

However, conventional artificial sphagnum moss satisfies all of these requirements in a well-balanced manner. A sheet-like nonwoven fabric prepared by heat-forming a single fiber having water-absorbing properties in Phase H [41!
No. 1318), and further foaming a water-absorbing polymer,
Artificial sphagnum moss made from shredded porous material containing countless microscopic air bubbles, or an aggregate of relatively thick denier short fibers with microscopic pores on the surface layer (Special Publication No. 57-402)
No. 43), etc. are generally known, but because the slit-like structure of the film is simple, the bulkiness and breathability are excessive, and the water absorption and water retention performance essential for sphagnum moss are inferior to that of natural water. It is nowhere near as good as moss. J, t1
! '? ? Regarding the non-woven fabric slit-like material, the same as the film sulin 1-4. u1 Kaza High performance, breathability is too high, water absorption performance and water retention performance are significantly inferior,
The constituent fibers are mutually +, j'l! '4 Because it is fixed, the fine roots of the plant get stuck between the fibers (111 fiber shoulder 1), and the normal growth of the roots is inhibited. In this case, there is a fatal flaw in that, due to resentment, it is not easy to leave the main ministry, resulting in cutting and damage to the roots +::i 4
have.

In addition, in the case of artificial sphagnum moss made of foamed pores 4Δ, it has relatively good surface properties, water absorption, and water retention, but the fine roots of plants that encounter partially existing closed cells are unable to grow. It has the disadvantage that it dies quickly, and it is inconvenient to handle because it lacks the mutual entanglement required for sphagnum moss.

The next problem with artificial sphagnum moss that has microscopic voids on its surface is its water absorption performance, and the total volume of the microscopic spaces that exist on the surface of the binding cord is not enough to meet the required moisture content as sphagnum moss. It cannot be secured or absorbed.

As a result of examining the structure of natural sphagnum moss using certificate stamps, the present inventors found that there are countless giant bag-shaped water storage cells in the parts corresponding to the leaves, and these cells absorb water containing a large amount of Er3. , the special (11-shaped trunk that supports the leaves) branches that are kept for a long time are relatively thick and rigid, and the () is 1 g in sphagnum moss. It violates role 11 of providing excellent bulk quality and breathability. It has been found that the formation of such a two-component structure satisfies all of the functions required for sphagnum moss.

Artificial sphagnum moss that is currently generally known has a blll-component structure, and with such a structure, it is not possible to meet all the requirements of sphagnum moss in a well-balanced manner.

(Objective of the present invention) The present invention was devised in view of the various drawbacks of the prior art, and its 1-1 objectives are as follows: - things.

■ It must have a structure with high bulk and breathability.

■ The 4J11 machine was not firmly fixed and could move relatively freely1!7.

■ Planting and other handling are easy because sphagnum moss can intertwine with each other.

We present a method for manufacturing artificial sphagnum moss that satisfies the following provisions (1) and (7).

(lf'ff configuration of the present invention) Such an object of the present invention is achieved by the following configuration.

(1) 9. What is the total weight of entangled granular entangled bodies and the granular entangled bodies of 64 mm? l [Aggregation and artificial sphagnum moss from 4T to the left of the fiber assembly, from 11 to 11 shoulders.

(2) The fiber aggregate has a single yarn denier of 5 denier or more,
Artificial sphagnum moss made of finite fibers of 80 denier or less.

(3) Artificial sphagnum moss in which the granular entangled short fibers consist of short vA strings with a single yarn denier of 5 deniers or less.

(4) Artificial sphagnum moss in which the particle size of the granular entangled bodies made by the Intelligence Bureau is 15 mm or more.

(5) After mixing the granular entangled body obtained by entangling knowledge III with a finite length single fiber group, a fiber opening process is performed to form the granular entangled body into cinders. Distributed and entangled monofilament silk 1tl' continuously forms a web arranged in the length direction, and then the garment is folded at a predetermined angle and laminated to obtain f (the length of the layered web). After forming a stack of 7 pieces h' in which the longitudinal direction and the arrangement direction of the single fiber groups are intersected, all 11'' of the laminated web are continuously bound by binding fibers at predetermined intervals in the length direction. 1. A method for producing sphagnum moss.

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an example of the artificial sphagnum moss according to the present invention, in which a granular fiber entangled aggregate 1 made of short fibers, fibers 2 in which a large number of these are entangled and connected, and the 84Iiel 12 are bound together. It is composed of binding fibers 3 to maintain its form as sphagnum moss (J3 S, 41 Higashi i1
U If 3 is used as a core, which is connected to the interlocking string 2.13 and the grain 1. u II (Hayabusa coalescence 1) has a structure wrapped in granular weave k (1) The intertwined material 1 corresponds to the water storage cells of natural sphagnum moss, and has high water absorption and water retention performance.
As shown in the enlarged view of Fig. 2, it is composed of short fibers 4 of relatively fine denier, and is a granular fiber entangled body formed by entangling and U-shaping each of these short fibers. is formed by a large number of intertwined fibers/2jp,
It has a microscopic space due to B. Due to the structure of the fibers, water is absorbed into capillaries in microscopic spaces.
It has a shape similar to il: 'l. Therefore, it retains inhaled moisture for a relatively long period of time, making it suitable for sphagnum moss.

The short fibers 4 of the fiber entanglement (1-4) can be any of natural fibers, artificial fibers, and synthetic fibers, but synthetic fibers are preferable from the viewpoint of corrosion resistance.
Alternatively, they may be used in combination. Furthermore, if short fibers with hydrophilic properties or water absorption f1 are used alone or in combination, an even greater water absorption and water retention effect can be obtained. Ni'("kiru,"

As for the thickness of the short fibers used here, it is preferable that the short fibers be thinner, since a large number of fine spaces will be formed.If the short fibers are too thick, the formed spaces will be coarse, and the effect of capillary action will not be exhibited satisfactorily. , water absorption and water retention performance decreases. Therefore, it is desirable to use short fibers 4 with a single yarn denier of 5 deniers or less, more preferably 3 deniers or less.1.
, =) C There is a certain relationship between the average particle size of the granular fiber aggregate formed, and if the thickness of the short fiber is d denier, then the average particle size of the granular fiber entangled aggregate formed by this is: Diameter D m
m is based on the relationship [)=3Xd, but...) and d is 5.
In the case of a denier or less, the average grain (y is -15 mm or less).

In order to form a large number of crimps on the short fibers and to form fine spaces, it is preferable that the crimping is finer, and a degree of crimping of 15% or more and a number of strands of 1511.1/2 mm or more are suitable. .

As such, when forming fibers in granular form, strong adhesive methods such as heat fusion between the fibers or adhesive bonding should be avoided in order not to interfere with the normal growth of plant roots. , it is necessary to create a structure in which the constituent single fibers can move relatively freely by forming the machine strings by intertwining them with each other.

In the present invention, 1. The artificial sphagnum moss is made by entangling and linking a large number of granular water-absorbing and water-retaining components 1 with relatively thick and stiff fibers 4, as described above.
-1 to form an integral structure, the required potency height is 11
1. It provides breathability.

The linking fibers used here include various natural fibers, synthetic fibers, water-absorbing fibers,
It can be used alone or as a mixture in the form of fibers or continuous fibers, and high shrinkage fibers that develop when heated or fibers that develop shrinkage can also be used alone or in combination. It is possible. Single used here! The thickness of IN is preferably 5 deniers or more and 80 deniers or less. When it exceeds 80 denier, entanglement properties are poor, and when it is less than 5%, bulk quality deteriorates.

In the artificial sphagnum moss according to the present invention, the ratio of the granular fiber entanglement to the total weight of the sphagnum moss is determined so as to balance the desired bulk properties, water absorption, water retention, and ventilation.
5% or more and 90% or more, and more preferably 20% or more and 30% or less.If it is less than 5%, the air permeability will be too high, although it will be less effective. , and the water absorption performance is unsatisfactory; on the other hand, if it exceeds 90%, the water absorption and water retention becomes excessive, resulting in insufficient bulk and air permeability, leading to root rot.

As described above, the artificial sphagnum moss according to the present invention has an integrated structure in which a large number of granular fiber entangled bodies 1 are entangled with interconnecting II fibers 2, and the binding fibers 3 are roughly arranged in a direction that intersects the alignment direction of the interconnecting fibers. By continuously tying J, it becomes sphagnum moss and C9? 1. By stabilizing the form in the binding direction and increasing the bending hardness of sphagnum moss, we aim to further improve the bulk quality and air permeability.

The binding used here includes various natural fibers,
Man-made fibers 1, spun yarns made of synthetic fibers or water-absorbing IL fibers, multifilament yarns, and monofilament yarns are used alone or in combination, but considering the purpose of use of the binding fibers 1, they are relatively rigid. Preferably, the yarn has a thickness of 10 to 300 deniers in the case of multifilament yarn or monofilament yarn, and a thickness of 40 or less in metric count and 3 or more in thickness in the case of spun yarn.

A structure made of such fibers is shown in Figure 1 as an example.
It has a structure in which the binding fiber 3 is at the center, and the periphery thereof is surrounded by a large number of randomly dispersed granular 431 IfC combined bodies 1 and a linking fiber group 2 in which these are entangled and connected.

Is there a structure like this? 1, the connecting fibers 2 are completely free at their outer ends, do not inhibit the growth of plants, and are composed of relatively thick denier fibers.
It has bulk quality and breathability as sphagnum moss, and is suitable for sphagnum structures! Due to the intertwined nature of l, it becomes extremely easy to remove when implanted. In addition, water absorption and water retention as sphagnum moss is achieved by entangled particles containing a large number of fibers.
1 ability makes for an excellent B.

Next, an example of the method for manufacturing artificial sphagnum moss according to the present invention will be explained with reference to the schematic diagram of FIG.

Preferably, it is 5 deniers or less, and the granular fiber entanglement is formed in advance by a combination of thin short fibers of 3 deniers or less, and preferably 1 ft of relatively thick fibers of 5 deniers or more and 80 deniers or less. By passing the cotton-like material 6, which is a mixture of interlocking fibers in a predetermined ratio, through the carding machine 7, the interlocking fibers arranged in the length direction and a large number of granular fiber entanglements entangled with the interlocking fibers are formed. Randomly min j1 (
After continuously forming the arranged webs 8, as shown in FIG. 3, the web E3 is laminated while being continuously folded with a certain range of cornices, so that the arrangement direction of the interconnected fibers can be changed. A continuous wear laminate 9 is formed intersecting the longitudinal direction of the web laminate. The formed sheet-like wear laminate is equally spaced in the llIh direction;
The length of the wear laminate 9 can be increased by continuously feeding the binding sewing needles arranged in the IA or the multiple & 1 sewing machine that performs binding retraction, or the chain warp knitting cIl on multiple sides, or the tricot warp cap 10. Machine stitching, chain stitching, or 1~ricott 1~ knitting is performed at t9A for a certain period of time in the horizontal direction, forming a sheet-like material 11 in which the continuous weaves 11 are bound together by the keitoori eyebrows 114. be done. A sulin 1 is inserted in the length direction between the bound rows of the sheet-like material 11 thus formed.
By cutting the artificial sphagnum moss into pieces, a continuous artificial sphagnum moss structure 13 is formed, which is then cut to an appropriate length to form the artificial sphagnum structure shown in Fig. 1. You get a body.

In this case, the lj method is used in which the granular fiber 1 entangled body is mixed with the linking fibers, and C is the method described earlier, that is, the card
There are two methods, one is to mix the granular fibers 1 (C) before being applied to the machine, and the other is to disperse all or part of the granular fibers 1 (C entangled body) on the wear after the card machine. Either method can be adopted. be able to.

In addition, in the method of the present invention, wet heat or dry heat treatment is applied to Ml+iJ, especially J:
Therefore, it is possible to further improve the bulk quality, texture and shape of the product, and by adding appropriate antibacterial agents, insect repellents, water absorbing agents, etc.
It is also possible to further increase or+.

When manufacturing such an artificial sphagnum moss continuum, by using a Mariwat machine or an Arachne machine made in Eastern Europe, the process from forming the web to folding and laminating, and ending with chain knitting or tricot 1 to knitting can be carried out continuously. It can be carried out in a specific manner.

-Also, the thickness of the artificial sphagnum moss continuum can be arbitrarily determined by appropriately setting the number of spun webs, the number of laminated sheets, and the bundling interval, that is, the stuffing interval, but the bundling interval should be 5 mm or more and 40nwn. A range of F is appropriate;
Normally, when used as artificial sphagnum moss, the weight per 1 m is 0.
．． Appropriately 3Q or more and 100 or less, preferably 0.5
The range is from Q to 89.

In addition, by using high shrinkage fibers that are developed by heating all or part of the fibers that make up the sphagnum moss 474 light body, or by using 111f Iff fibers, the effect of wet heat or dry heat treatment can be achieved. By further increasing the hIJ height and shape, the hIJ properties and shape can be further improved.

Also, continuously slit thin [! 7i, by reciprocating the slit cutter or sheath 1~ in the width direction of the sheath i~ within the interval of the binding rows, the form of the sphagnum moss continuum is continuous and circumferential. It is also possible to change it in an IJ manner.

(9 of the present invention) Song Dynasty The form of the artificial sphagnum structure obtained by the above method is the first
As an example of this is shown in the figure, the 2.0 fibers surrounding the binding fibers are relatively freely intertwined and interconnected, so they do not inhibit the growth of plants, and the sphagnum moss structure Because the bodies are intertwined, implantation +1. '+ is easy to handle, and its water absorption and water retention ability is high due to the large number of granular fiber entanglements it contains.Furthermore, due to the synergistic effect of the linked fibers and binding fibers, it has excellent bulk properties and breathability. It is ideal as an artificial sphagnum moss for cultivating fungi, other flowering plants, or ornamental citrons.

The present invention will be described in detail below based on Examples.

The bulk quality described here is the volume per gram of sphagnum moss under a load of 11 (j/cnf), expressed in Oll, and the water absorption capacity is the amount of water absorbed by 34 il compared to the absolute dry amount of sphagnum moss. is expressed as a magnification.Also, the water release rate is the amount of water reduced after being left for 5 days after water absorption, expressed as a percentage of the initial moisture of 14. is the volume ratio of sphagnum moss, moisture, and air to the total Jt'i after water absorption by sphagnum moss, expressed in %, where the liquid phase ratio is 55 to 65% and the gas phase ratio is 35 to 45
% is an appropriate range.

Example 1 Poly 1 stell staple fibers with a thickness of 1.5 denier and a length of 30 II 1 m were entangled to form a small granular fiber entangled body with an average diameter of 4.5 n+m, and this was mixed with a water absorbing/water retaining component Δdouji and a thick fiber. 12 denier, fiber length 65 mm polyester yri weave (left 11), thickness 5 denier, fiber length 51 mm, 70% and 30% polyester short fibers with shrinkage f1
A mixture of cotton in the proportion of 70% and 30% was used as the B component, and the A and B components were mixed in the proportions of 70% and 30%, and the mixture was passed through a large card to disperse and combine the small particles of vAI-laced fibers of the A component on the body surface. I created a website for 30g/Tl 12th I ("i!
The folded garment is folded in a direction almost perpendicular to the short fiber direction of component B with respect to its length.
By doing so, a laminated tube with a basis weight of 180 g/Tn2 was prepared. After that, a distance of 10 mm is applied over the entire length [1] in the 11'' direction (almost the same direction as the fiber arrangement direction) of the laminated web.
Chain wire binding was performed at equal intervals in the length direction of the laminated web using a large number of chain wires 1 arranged at intervals of . The binding fiber used here was a 50 denier polyester monofilament yarn.

A long artificial sphagnum moss continuum with a mesh size of approximately 2 (J/Tn2) was created by cutting the sheet-like laminated web thus bundled and 111 lengthwise into slits with a width of approximately 10 mm using a slit cutter. After that, about 3 in hot water at 95℃.
The artificial sphagnum moss according to the present invention was produced by treating it for 0 minutes to induce shrinkage, then drying and cutting into pieces of about 50 pieces. Artificial sphagnum moss was made through 1'1.In both appearances, the binding fiber 1 is the core and the surrounding area is made of B-component fibers, and the 4vJ structure is made of high potash/f sphagnum moss. there were.

Thus, 1'7 was obtained for 24-year-old man 1 [Table 1 shows the results of evaluating the performance of C for three types of sphagnum moss plus natural sphagnum moss ()].

Table 1 Invention product B component 10091' 1 product Human-made sphagnum moss bulk 3
9,2 48,8 38. ! + Water absorption rate % 1G, 0
10.2 1(i,!+water discharge rate % 10.2 15.
G 10.4 Solid phase rate % 3,4 3,2 2.8 Liquid phase rate % 59.4 20,4 Go, 3 Gas phase rate %
37.2 7G, 4 3 (+, 'JB 100% product has water absorption and water retention properties, and also has excessive vapor phase ratio and requires frequent irrigation. However, the product of the present invention, like natural sphagnum moss, shows satisfactory results in all performances.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a scale model diagram of an example of artificial sphagnum moss related to A to Komei, and Figure 2 is an enlarged view of a granular fiber entangled body.
3 Figure 1; L; 71-Method for producing artificial sphagnum moss by defense (
Yo It'! ! t-illustrated l, =6. 1; Granular rope! I□11 Intertwined body 9: Web laminate 2: Interlocking weave eyebrows 1 10: Sewing or knitting (Iku 3: Keito weave eyebrows) 12
:Surin i~(Iku 7: Ka 1・椴8: Web

Claims (5)

[Claims] (1) An artificial sphagnum moss consisting of a granular entangled body made of short 11i#lt, a fiber aggregate that entangles and connects the granular entangled body, and binding fibers that bind the fiber aggregate. (2) The fiber aggregate has a single yarn denier of 5 denier or more, 80
The artificial sphagnum moss according to claim (1), which is made of finite fibers having a denier or less. (3) The artificial sphagnum moss according to claim (1), wherein the granular lattice aggregate made of λ(i4AIiM) is composed of single fibers having a denier of 5-f'' or less and m short fibers. (4) The artificial sphagnum moss according to claim (1), (2) or (3), wherein the particle size of the granular entangled particles made of short fibers is 15 nwn or less. (5) After mixing a granular entangled body in which short LLN is formed into a granular shape with a granular platform and a group of finite length single fibers, the granular entangled body is randomly distributed and arranged by performing a fiber opening process,
By continuously forming a web in which the single fibers intertwined with the single fibers are arranged in the longitudinal direction, and then folding the web at a predetermined angle, the web is folded at a predetermined angle and the above-mentioned After forming a VI-layer garment in which the directions of the group arrangement 111 are crossed, the laminated web is continuously bound with binding fibers at predetermined intervals in the length direction throughout the entire length of the laminated web, and then the laminated web is A selection method for artificial sphagnum moss characterized by continuously cutting Surin l-1111 at A between the bundled fibers.