JPS601087B2 - Method for manufacturing composite striatum - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an infinitely continuous composite filament with high efficiency while ensuring uniform quality in the longitudinal direction without being restricted by the length of the material. It is something.

Conventionally known methods for producing composite filaments have been exclusively based on ram extrusion.

That is, in the conventionally known method, a billet made of a composite core material and a cylindrical outer layer material is put into a container of a high-pressure ram press, extruded from behind by a ram, and the billet is There is a method of forming a composite filament by shrinking the billet, but it has the major drawback that the length of the composite filament obtained is severely limited by the size of the billet. Separately from this, for example, the method for manufacturing composite wire disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 43-18274 attempts to improve the above-mentioned drawbacks and make it possible to increase the length of the wire. In terms of quality, there are still many problems that need to be resolved. That is, in this method, a billet housed in a container of a high-pressure ram press is extruded and coated on the circumference of a free-length core material as an outer layer material, but in this case, only one of the core materials to be composited is Although the length can be relatively free, billet is still used for the outer layer material, so it has to depend on the volume of the press container, and if you want to obtain the maximum length, you have to stop the press and remove the billet. We have no choice but to re-introduce and continue the process. Therefore, with this method, firstly, a decrease in production speed due to equipment stoppage and re-injection of pellets is unavoidable, and secondly, while the equipment is stopped, the core material is pooled in the press at a high temperature, resulting in changes in material properties. Moreover, even when using the outer layer material, the quality of the so-called push-joint parts is not stable, and this joint! In this case, parts with mechanically reduced strength and unstable quality appear in the longitudinal direction, resulting in product defects.

Moreover, the quality instability associated with this ram extrusion method is not limited to only one seam. As detailed below, the ram extrusion method has a fatal drawback in that the quality of the outer layer material is not constant in the longitudinal direction. In other words, when the billet, which is the raw material to be extruded, is pressed from behind, friction occurs between its circumferential surface and the container wall, but this friction between the billet and the container wall is due to the extrusion pressure of the composite filament. It gives constant fluctuations. Even if this is necessary, when the shape of the billet is still large at the beginning of pushing, the contact with the container wall surface is correspondingly large, and therefore the friction is also large, so the extrusion pressure by the ram is reduced by this friction with the inner surface of the container. The pressure that reaches the point where the extrusion is combined becomes smaller. On the other hand, at the end of the push, the friction becomes negligible and the extrusion pressure increases as a whole. Obtain a composite filament with stable dimensions, shape, and adhesive properties. to do so,
It is essential that the extrusion pressure is steady and the extrusion speed is constant, but if the extrusion pressure fluctuates depending on the shape of the billet as described above, the degree of eccentricity will affect the adhesion at the interface and the external dimensions. Naturally, this also has an adverse effect on the surface condition, and prevention of this inevitably involves many difficulties and complication of equipment. Moreover, as already mentioned, the core material is pooled in the high-temperature press at this re-feeding section, resulting in a drawback that the mechanical strength of the core material is partially reduced.

In order to improve these defects in the ram extrusion method, a method has been experimentally proposed in which a caterpillar is used to apply extrusion pressure to the material that will become the outer layer material. It is not possible to generate high extrusion pressures, and it is not possible to apply it to the production of composite filaments, which require very high extrusion pressures due to interfacial adhesion. The inventors have been involved in research and development related to the production of composite striatum for many years, and have always encountered the above-mentioned problems and continued to search for solutions to them.

As an extrusion method, for example, the extrusion method disclosed in JP-A No. 47-3185 or JP-A-49-6536Y is ``Unlike the methods already seen, the extrusion pressure is dependent on the contact friction resistance due to the rotation of a movable wheel. It is something that causes it to occur.

As shown in Fig. 13, this is a type of wire drawing machine that forms material 7, which is a rough wire with a diameter of about 1 mm, into a wire rod with a diameter of about 3 mm. I never thought that this could be applied to extrusion of the striatum.

Firstly, this method essentially relies on contact friction and is considered to be similar to the caterpillar method described above.
There were great doubts as to whether a sufficiently high pressure could be obtained.Secondly, since the pressure generation source relied only on pure frictional force, it was predicted that instability of the generated pressure due to dry slip etc. would be accompanied. Thirdly, from the quality point of view, as we have already seen, it is difficult to obtain the steady pressure necessary to make a composite filament. For the production of ``the outer layer material must be fed at a steady rate under constant pressure,
Otherwise, there will be quality issues such as parts where the outside diameter is too thick, parts that are too thin, and parts where the material is missing.Fourthly, the material supply path will not be formed on the outer periphery of the wheel. The groove is long and narrow, and the Z wheel is rotating at high speed, so it is unlikely that the core material can be fed as easily as in the ram type.
Furthermore, fifth, even if the core material could be supplied, the passage that becomes the source of extrusion pressure is formed by the rotating wheel and the fixed shoe lock, so the center side of the wheel and the outer surface side This is because there is a difference in the moving speed of the materials in the passage between the two, so it was thought that even if it could be composited, uneven thickness would occur in the outer layer material.

2 However, the inventors once again noted that the extrusion method using the rotating wheel method has a major advantage in that it is possible to extrude products of infinite length, which is unimaginable with the ram extrusion method. Repaired. Then, we began intensive studies to find out how we could achieve the production of composite filaments using this extrusion method. In order to explore the basic possibilities, we conducted a detailed structural mechanical analysis of the unique configuration of this rotating wheel system, and based on this, we also conducted a detailed analysis of the plastic mechanical behavior of the material. As a result of mathematical analysis through simulations, we have found that the manufacturing process of the present invention has made it possible to efficiently obtain infinite-length composite filaments while ensuring high quality using the rotating wheel method. The process of extruding a composite wire using the rotary wheel extrusion method was proposed early on, but prior to the present invention, the method for extruding composite wire using the rotary wheel extrusion method was proposed from an early stage. This can be understood by the fact that no method has been proposed at all.The extrusion method using a rotating wheel is basically as shown in FIG. This is a method in which a transport passage is formed through which the material 7 is sent, a receiving part 5 for the material 7 and a die 6 for extrusion molding are provided at the back of the transport passage, and the material is extruded from the die.
In this case, the extrusion pressure is generated by the rotation of the wheel 2 in the direction of the arrow, which forces the material 7 to be fed deep into the passage depending on the frictional resistance of contact between the groove 3 and the material 7.

Therefore, as a matter of course, the pressure generated in material 7 is
The pressure is still small near the entrance of the passage, and increases as it goes deeper into the passage. The problem is the maximum pressure value at this time,
The question is whether the pressure value is a value that can sufficiently contribute to the interfacial adhesion of the composite striatum. The inventors attempted a detailed analysis of this pressure distribution and discovered that the pressure was greater than expected and, contrary to initial expectations, reached a pressure that could sufficiently contribute to the extrusion of the composite filament. .

Now, what are the angular coordinates of the arc of contact between material 7 and wheel 2 in the passage? Let the distributed pressure of the material 7 at the angular coordinate point be P(gu), and the descending stress of the material be.

When o, equation (1) holds true. P(?)/〇.

=Ce 12 Buddhas (RW/Ri) (?.-?)…………
(1) Where, r: Effective friction coefficient of processed material Rw: Radius of wheel Ri: Radius of material before extrusion? o: Length of the contact arc between the wheel and the shoe C: A constant that is always a positive value Is Fig. 14 the angular coordinate along the shoe based on equation (1)? This is a graphical representation of the pressure distribution of the material (in this case aluminum is used).

As is clear from Figure 14? It can be seen that as the pressure distribution approaches =900 (the location where the die 16 exists in FIG. 1), the pressure distribution rises rapidly and the maximum value is obtained. As a result of mathematical analysis and experiments, it has been found that the maximum value of this rising distributed pressure reaches a value several times the descending stress of the material, and that the interfacial adhesion of the composite material is affected under such high pressure. We have come to the conclusion that it is fully applicable. Needless to say, the process that led to this conclusion was the result of numerous trials and errors, including another important problem to be solved: prevention of burrs. Furthermore, analysis of the plastic flow behavior of the material further confirmed the effectiveness of manufacturing the composite filament.

This will be explained with reference to FIGS. 10 to i2.

Looking at the plastic deformation state of the outer layer material 12 supplied to the passage 13, first, the velocity distribution of the outer layer material 12 is
1 and the fixed shoe lock 14, as shown in FIG. 10. As a result, the value of the internal shearing force acting on the outer layer material 12 naturally increases as shown in FIG. The flow becomes complicated. As a result, as shown in FIG. 11, a very large shear acts on the entire circumference of the core material 18, resulting in the effect of creating a so-called friction-assisted state, which reduces the adhesion between the core material 18 and the outer layer material 12. It is natural from a metallurgical point of view that it brings about remarkable results. Thus, the final issue remaining was how to supply the core to the rapidly rotating wheel. It is impossible to supply the core material and raw material at the same time, as is done in the ram extrusion method, and if simultaneous supply is not possible, the problem is where and how to supply them. As a result of trial and error, we solved this problem by {1) Do not feed the core material and the material into the passage from the same entrance, but feed the core material from a different place. ■We found that the solution could be finally solved by two configurations: setting the supply position of the core material in the high pressure generation area at the back where the material was supplied, and here we found that the above-mentioned conventional composite filament We have now been able to propose an innovative method for manufacturing composite striatum that can solve at once a number of disadvantages that were unavoidable in the manufacturing process. DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Below, various embodiments effective for carrying out the present invention will be concretely explained one by one using the drawings. The extrusion device shown in FIG. 1 is one of the typical examples effective for carrying out the present invention, and includes a movable wheel 11 having an endless groove 10 on the peripheral end surface, and a movable wheel 11 that is engaged with the central end surface of the wheel 11. and a fixed shuffle block 14 forming a transport passage 13 for the outer layer material 12 between the groove 10 and the groove 10.

The wheel 11 may be made of one piece, but it can also be constructed by combining three disc materials. The shoe lock 14 has a receiving part 15 that closes one end of the passage 13, and a die 16 in a part of the receiving part 15.
Furthermore, in the block opposite to Dai 16, there is a core village supply route [1] that leads to Passage Army 3.

This core material supply path 17 is. A linear passageway is formed to allow core material 18 to move linearly through die 16. 19 is a nipple provided facing the passage 13.

As the core material 18, for example, a filament made of copper is used.

Further, as the outer layer material 12, a long material made of aluminum, for example, is used. The inner surface of the passage 13 of this extrusion device is the groove of the wheel 11! 0 and the corresponding surface of the shoe lock 14 associated with the groove 101, and the surface area of the groove 10 on the inner surface of the passage 13 is larger than the surface area of the corresponding surface of the shoe lock 15. Therefore, the outer layer material 12 in the passage 13 is configured to obtain part or all of its extrusion force through stronger contact frictional resistance generated between it and the groove 10 due to rotation of the wheel 11 in the direction of the arrow. . Obtaining part of the extrusion force here means that auxiliary means for obtaining the extrusion force may be added. Next, looking at the specific extrusion operation, the wheel 11 is rotated in the direction of the arrow with an extrusion pressure of 50 to 60k9, and the aluminum outer layer material 12 is preheated to 300 to 35,000 and fed into the passage 13. Furthermore, the core material supply path 17 to 300
When the core material 18 of steel heated to ~450° C. is inserted and supplied through the die 16 with the passage 13 in between, the outer layer material 12 is exposed to the contact frictional resistance with the groove 10 caused by the movement of the wheel 11. A predetermined extrusion pressure is obtained by this, and the material moves through the passage 13.

As is clear from FIG. 1, the outer layer material 12 and the core material 18 meet at the back of the passage 13, where they are combined and integrated with each other, and then extruded from the die 16, which is usually referred to as aluminum coated wire. A composite striatum 20 is formed. Regarding the embodiments of the present invention shown in FIG. 2 and the following figures, "For those structurally the same as those in FIG. 1, the reference numerals in FIG. 1 are used as they are, and the explanation will be simplified.

The extrusion device shown in FIG. 2 has a normal chamber 24 in which a passage 23 formed between a movable wheel 21 and a fixed shoe lock 22 is bent sideways at the back thereof. At a position in front of the core village 18 at the inlet, there is a divided fluid 25 as shown in FIG. 3 in cross section.

Now, looking at the change in the state of extrusion pressure caused by the flow of the outer layer material 12 from the passage 23 to the side-folded chamber 24, the state of extrusion pressure in the passage is determined by mechanical friction as the driving force behind its generation. In one word, it is dynamic pressure because of the relationship using
Now, the extrusion pressure has been considerably improved due to the change in direction of the outer layer material and the loss of energy required to reach this point.
It becomes static pressure.

However, even here, a certain degree of internal shear action still remains, and it can be said that the adhesive action of the Z rollers mentioned above is exerted here as well. As a result, when the core material 18 is passed through the passage 23, a remarkable adhesion effect is exhibited by itself, but the extrusion pressure is not stable (the extrusion pressure is not steady and unstable). However, when the core material 18 is passed through the one chamber 24, the eccentricity and Z thickness are observed under relatively good adhesion condition.
The problem of uneven thickness can be solved. Next, the divided fluid 2
5 will be explained from an actual extrusion operation. The outer layer material 12 moving as the wheel 21 rotates,
When the flow reaches the back of the flow chamber 26, the direction of the flow is changed due to a reaction from the receiving portion 26, and the flow bends and reaches a side chamber 24. At this time, the flow of the outer layer material 12 becomes two flows divided by the action of the dividing fluid 25, and these two flows have respective flow pressures against the core material 18 located at the center of the side chamber 24. core material 1 so that it is mechanically balanced as a whole.
The flow is collected from both sides of 8.

This further improves the problem of eccentricity of the core material and uneven thickness of the outer layer material, and the core village 18 and the outer layer material 12 are extruded from the die 16 as a composite. Instead of the structure shown in FIG. 3, the structure of the divided fluid 25 shown in FIG. 4 can be considered.

That is, this structure has two grooves 27 on the peripheral end surface of the wheel 26.
and 27 are provided to form two passages 28 and 28, respectively, and these two passages 28 and 28 are integrated in a chamber 29 similar to that described above, and the partition wall 2@ of these passages 28 and 28 is separated. It acts as a fluid 38. The extrusion device shown in FIG. 5 is basically made up of two movable wheels 31 and 31 placed close to each other, and the wheels 31 and 31 have endless grooves 32 and 32 on their peripheral end surfaces, respectively. Fixed shoe locks 33 positioned in engagement with the circumferential end surface are combined into a monolithic structure and form transport passages 34 and 34 for the outer layer material 12 between said grooves 32 and 32, respectively. The transport passages 34 and 34 are each grouped at the back of the passage. This back part is called the gathering chamber 35, and the entrance part of the core material supply path 36 and the die 37 are located linearly opposite each other on both sides, and both passages 3 of 0 are connected to this chamber 35.
The inflow movement of the outer layer materials 12, 12 from 4 and 34 is performed by joining the core material 18 located at the center of the chamber 35 so as to sandwich it from both sides. By arranging the two movable wheels 31, 31 in this way, the above-mentioned problems of eccentricity and uneven thickness can be further improved.
2 is ideally composited and extruded from the tatty 37.

According to this extrusion device, the wheels 31 and 31 are rotated in opposite directions in the directions of the arrows, and work together to advance the extrusion operation. Other embodiments of the extrusion device according to the present invention in which two movable wheels are disposed close to each other are shown, for example, in FIGS. 8 and 9, respectively.

The extruded bladder layers shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 are each shown in cross section relative to the axis of the wheel. 8th
The extrusion device shown in the figure consists of two movable wheels 3 of the same diameter.
8 and 38 are arranged close to each other with their respective axes D coinciding with each other, and a fixed shoe lock 39 is arranged so as to straddle the 0 circumferential end surface of each of these wheels.

Passages 41 and 41 consisting of endless grooves 40 and 40 formed on the peripheral end surfaces of wheels 38 and 38, respectively
are respectively assembled and integrated in a gathering room 42 at the back of the passage as shown in the figure.

Reference numeral 43 is provided as a fluid divider and has the same function as described above.

On the other hand, the extrusion device shown in FIG. 9 has two movable wheels 44 and 44 arranged with their respective axes perpendicular to each other and their circumferential end surfaces located close to each other as shown in the figure. are engaged to form passageways 47 and 47 between grooves 46 and 46, respectively.

These passages 47 and 47 also have a gathering chamber 48 as a side chamber at the back of each of them.

As is clear from FIGS. 8 and 9, the extrusion direction in relation to the die position is completely free.

The extrusion device shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 shows another embodiment of the present invention, and is the same as that shown in FIG. 1 or 2 except that the direction in which the composite filament 20 is extruded is reversed. This is basically the same as the extrusion equipment used. According to this, the outer layer material 12 moves in the passage 50 as the wheel 49 rotates in the direction of the arrow, and at the back of the passage 50, the receiving part 5
1, its movement is bent and reaches the chamber 52 of the passage protruding to the side, where it is integrated with the core material 18 fed from the receiving section 61 side and moves to the chamber on the opposite side from the receiving section 51. 5
It is extruded from a die 16 provided on the second surface to form a predetermined composite filament 20. In this extrusion device, the receiving part 51 is separate from the fixed shoe lock 53,
This shows that the receiving part can be used in combination with the shoe block body. 5
4 is a dividing fluid.

As detailed above, according to the method for manufacturing the composite filament of this embodiment, by using the Renji extrusion method that utilizes frictional resistance, the material to be extruded has a smaller cross-sectional area than billets such as wire rods. Since an infinite supply of small materials can be used, there is no limit to the length of the core material and outer layer material, making it possible to continue manufacturing indefinitely and significantly improving productivity. Due to the high extrusion pressure and the existence of a high degree of shear generation castle as revealed by the material analysis, excellent adhesion effect is exhibited between the core material and a seamless product can be obtained by extrusion with sufficient adhesion force. Also, defects such as uneven quality due to fateful pressure fluctuations due to the condition of the billet in the container, which were unavoidable in the case of press extrusion method, or partial strength reduction of the core material due to accumulation of core material. It is now possible to obtain a product that completely eliminates the problem.

In addition, in the above method, by configuring the flow of the material to be extruded by a plurality of transport paths with a plurality of movable wheels or a plurality of endless grooves, a material having a cross-sectional area of 4 mm is used as the material to be extruded. It is possible to perform extremely stable extrusion without interruption of the feed material or insufficient extrusion pressure, and even extruded products with little physical directionality despite the use of friction. can be obtained.

During start-up, even if material slips in one movable wheel or endless groove, it is compensated for by the other movable wheel or endless groove, eliminating situations where the supply material is insufficient and reducing pressure fluctuations that can lead to extrusion. Not only can the transition be made smooth, but also the occurrence of burrs can be effectively suppressed because the other movable wheel is placed in the direction in which the force that separates the fixed shoe lock from the movable wheel is applied from the extrusion wheel. By combining the material to be extruded and the core village in one room where the material bends laterally at the back, or in the gathering room of each transport route if there are multiple transport routes, the interruption of the supplied material can be improved.・It is possible to further improve the stability of the extrusion pressure state, thereby making it possible to form a coating layer of uniform thickness on the circumference of the core material with sufficient adhesive strength.

Furthermore, when a plurality of movable wheels are used, extrusion can be performed while taking into consideration the mechanical balance due to the flow of the materials to be extruded.

In this case, the driving force for each movable wheel can be reduced. As described above, the present invention breaks through the conventional extrusion processing concept and is a novel method that allows production to be continued indefinitely without any restrictions on the amount or length of the material, and to obtain products with stable material properties. The present invention provides a method for manufacturing composite striatum based on a unique idea, and its industrial value is extremely large.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of an embodiment of the method for manufacturing the composite filament of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram of an embodiment of another configuration related to the present invention;
The figures are an enlarged sectional view taken along the line A-A' in FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the main part of an extrusion device according to the present invention, FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of an embodiment of another configuration according to the present invention, and FIG. 7 is an enlarged sectional view of B-B' in FIG. 6, and FIGS. 8 and 9 are explanatory diagrams of embodiments of other configurations according to the present invention. , Figures 10 to 12 respectively show the state of flow of the outer layer material. Figure 10 is a diagram of the velocity distribution of the outer layer material, Figure 11A is a diagram of the internal shear force acting on the outer layer material, and Figure 11A is a diagram of the internal shear force acting on the outer layer material. The opening in Figure 11 is B-B' in Figure 11 A.
Cross-sectional view, Figure 12A is a state diagram showing the flow pattern of the outer layer material, Figure 12A is a cross-sectional view taken along line CC in Figure 12A, and Figure 13 is an explanatory cross-sectional view of the extrusion method using a rotating wheel. , 14th
The figure is a diagram showing the pressure distribution in the angular coordinates of the material. 11, 21, 31, 38, 44, 49: movable wheel,
14, 22, 33, 39, 45, 53: Fixed shoe lock 10, 27, 32, 40, 46: Groove 13, 2
3,28,34,41,479 50; passage, 24,5
2: Passage room, 35, 42, 48: Gathering room, 15, 2
6, 51: Receiving part also 12: Outer layer material, 18: Core material, 20
: Composite filament body 6, 37: Die, 17, 36: Core material supply path 25, 30, 43, 54: Fluid division. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 10 Figure 11 Figure 12 Figure 13 Figure 14

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. The material to be the outer layer material coated on the circumference of the core material is a long and narrow material formed by an endless groove provided on the circumference of the movable wheel and a fixed shoe block that engages with the groove. Part or all of the extrusion pressure is applied to the material by continuously supplying it into the passage and forcibly feeding the material into the passage by the contact friction resistance between the inner surface of the groove of the rotating movable wheel and the material. A method for producing a composite filament body in which a core material is continuously supplied from another source into the material under high pressure generated at the back of the supplied material to form a composite body, and then extruded through a die. 2. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the position where the raw material and the core material are combined is inside a collection chamber provided on the side of the passage. 3. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of movable wheels are provided, and the materials supplied to each movable wheel are collected in one collection chamber that communicates with the passage of each wheel. 4. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, which uses a wheel in which a plurality of endless grooves are formed on the circumference of the movable wheel. 5. The manufacturing method according to claim 2, wherein a dividing fluid is formed in the vicinity of the entrance of the gathering chamber to divert the material, and the material is composited with the core material after passing through the process of diverting the material. 6 Claims 1 to 5 using a wheel in which endless grooves are formed by combining disc materials with different diameters.
The manufacturing method described in any of paragraphs. 7. The manufacturing method according to claim 3, using a plurality of wheels whose axes coincide with each other. 8. The manufacturing method according to claim 3, which uses a plurality of wheels whose axes are parallel. 9. The manufacturing method according to claim 3, which uses a plurality of wheels whose axes are perpendicular to each other. 10. The manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the extruded composite filament is taken in a tangential direction that is the same direction as the rotational direction of the wheel. 11. The manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the extruded composite filament is taken in a tangential direction opposite to the rotational direction of the wheel. 12 The material is aluminum or aluminum alloy,
Claims 1 to 11 in which the core material is iron or steel
The manufacturing method described in any of paragraphs.