JPS60108570A - Vane-angle controller for fluid machinery equipped with movable blade - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent a thrust bearing from being applied with a blade-angle operation force by using a slidable piece connected to screw members and a slidable ring. CONSTITUTION:A slidable ring 8 is connected to a slidable piece 10 through a bearing 9, permitting relative revolution and suppressing the transfer in the axial direction with respect to the slidable piece 10. The female screw 10s on the inner periphery of the slidable piece 10 is engaged with a male screw 16s cutting- formed onto the outer periphery of a thrust ring 16 which is installed in relative revolution with respect to a main shaft 1 through a bearing 17 which is fixed onto the main shaft 1, interposed between a shaft nut 18 screwed onto the main shaft 1 and a distance piece 19 attached onto the stepped part of the main shaft 1, and fixed onto the thrust ring 16 by the shoulder of the thrust ring 16 and a bearing press 33. The thrust ring 16 is slided into a pedestal 20 fixed onto a base 15a through a key 21, prevented from revolving. The key 21 and the pedestal 20 do not support the thrust ring 16 in the axial direction.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a blade angle control device for a fluid machine equipped with movable blades.

The blade angle control device is equipped with a blade angle control operating shaft for driving the movable blade in a rotary shaft on which a movable blade of a fluid machine is attached, so that the blade angle control operation shaft can be moved in the axial direction. There are those in which the rotary shaft is used to support the rotary shaft, and those in which the rotary shaft is supported by a stationary object other than the rotary shaft. If the movable blade is operated by supporting the blade angle control force with a stationary object, this acting force will act between the rotating shaft and the stationary object, so this force will be applied to the thrust bearing that supports the rotating shaft. The disadvantage is that a larger capacity thrust bearing is required due to the additional acting force. On the other hand, in the case where the blade angle control force is supported by the rotary shaft, the blade angle control force is not applied to the thrust bearing that supports the rotary shaft because the rotary shaft is equipped with a means for operating the blade angle control control shaft. .

Conventionally, as a means for operating the operating shaft for controlling the blade angle on the rotating shaft, a hydraulic cylinder is generally provided on the rotating shaft in the same window as the rotating shaft, and the piston of the hydraulic cylinder and the operating shaft for controlling the blade angle are connected. It had been taken. However, in the case of such a hydraulic drive device, it is necessary to have a hydraulic pressure supply device, a feedback mechanism for controlling the blade angle, etc., making the device large and complicated, and there is a problem with hydraulic seals, so it is difficult to operate with a constant blade angle. Even in this case, hydraulic pressure had to be added, and the operating costs were considerable.

Therefore, mechanical drive devices are often used to control the blade angle of relatively small fluid machines.

However, all conventional mechanical drive devices, such as the invention described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 5 Zaichi No. 407g, support the thrust of the blade angle control operating shaft with a stationary object other than the rotary shaft. The drawback is that the thrust bearing that supports the rotating shaft becomes larger.

In order to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks in a blade angle control device for a fluid machine equipped with movable blades, the present invention eliminates the use of hydraulic means for directly driving the blade angle control operating shaft, and instead uses the thrust force of the blade angle controlling operating shaft. The object is to provide a mechanical actuation means for a structure supported on a rotating shaft.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view. Although the embodiment is described as a pump, the same applies to a water wheel.

A blade angle control operating shaft is inserted into a hollow rotating shaft (hereinafter referred to as the main shaft) of a fluid machine equipped with movable blades so as to be movable in the axial direction. Although not shown, a direct operating member connected to the movable wing at the bottom of the figure is engaged with this blade angle control operating shaft. The operating shaft for controlling the blade angle is fitted into a disc-shaped crosshead l, and is fixed by a shaft nut j screwed onto the operating shaft for controlling the blade angle. A plurality of connecting rods 6 are fitted into axial holes in the crosshead l, and are fixed by nuts screwed into the connecting rods 6. The connecting rod 6 passes through the coupling 3J so as to be axially movable and is connected to a sliding ring g which is slid onto the main shaft l so as to be movable only in the axial direction. The sliding ring g attaches to the piece 10 via the bearing 9 so that it does not move in the axial direction with respect to the piece IO and can rotate freely relative to the piece IO.
is connected to.

A rotor // is fixed to the outer periphery of the piece 10 via a key /2 so as to rotate together with the piece 10, and the casing l! A stator 13 fixed to the inner periphery of the r by being prevented from rotating by a key holder.
and constitute an electric motor.

The inner periphery of the piece 10 has a 70-day internal thread that is the same as the main shaft. The female thread ioe is the shaft nut ig screwed into the main shaft l, and the distance piece l is in contact with the stepped part of the main shaft.
The thrust ring/
A male thread 76 is cut on the outer periphery of the thrust IJ song 6, which is provided so as to be rotatable relative to the main shaft l via the bearing 17 fixed to the thrust ring L by the shoulder of the I- and the bearing retainer 33.
It is engaged with B. The thrust ring 16 is prevented from rotating due to debris entering the pedestal 20 fixed to the base/ta through a key 21.

This key 21. The rotation prevention mechanism by the pedestal s6 does not support the thrust ring /≦ in the axial direction. Therefore, the blade angle operating force is supported by the main axis l.

Note that a bottle, a spline, or the like may be used instead of the key 2/, or a magnet may be used to prevent the thrust ring/6 from rotating. FIG. 4 is a horizontal sectional view showing another embodiment in which magnets are used to prevent the rotation of the thrust ring /j, in which a pair of permanent magnets 5 are fixed on the thrust ring 16, and the pedestal 20 faces the permanent magnets. An electromagnet with a polarity different from that of a permanent magnet is installed, and a current is passed through the coil roller to stop the IJ ring/A from rotating.

The shifter 3, which is supported in a vertically movable manner by a guide provided in the inner axial direction of the casing 3, is engaged with the disk 2+, which is in the same window as the main shaft fixed to the lower end of the piece IO, and the shifter 41.
? A vertical pointer lid fixed to the casing 15 is movably inserted through the bottom of the casing 15 in a sealed manner, and the position of the finger slope <zp is detected by a position detector 27 fixed to the casing 15, such as a non-contact displacement meter or potentiometer. As a result, the position of piece IO is known through shiftade 3 and disk λda, and piece I
Since O is simultaneously displaced together with the sliding ring t1 connecting rod 6, the cross paddle dog, and the operating shaft for controlling the blade angle through the bearing D, the current value of the blade angle can be determined. The signal SF from the position detector 27 is sent to the controller 8, which energizes the stator 3 so that the difference S - SF between the desired blade angle and the set value S becomes θ. The rotation of rotor // is controlled.

The coupling 3L is fitted onto the main shaft l via a key L3, and is fixed to the main shaft l by being tightened in the axial direction by a shaft nut 2λl screwed into the main shaft.
The main power is transmitted through the coupling 3
A pair of couplings 3u is fixed to J, and power is transmitted to the main shaft l by a power transmission shaft 3θ fixed to the coupling 3u.

A casing cover knob and a shaft sealing member 3/ are fastened together and fixed to the upper part of the casing/coupling, and the upper cylindrical part of the shaft sealing member 31 has a gap between the cylindrical shaft sealing member 3-2 fixed to the coupling 3u. A little inserted. Casing cover
The cylindrical portion on the inner periphery of the piece 10 is close to the upper outer periphery of the piece 10.

A bearing holder 3g of the bearing D and a funnel 31 are fastened together to the upper end of the piece io. Distance Peace L and Distance Peace/? The base inserted into the lower cylindrical part of /? F
The main shaft is sealed with a cylindrical shaft sealing member 3j fixed to L.

Casing/S and casing/Base fixed to J/
ja forms an oil tank, and the oil in the oil tank sucked in by the oil pump 36 is cooled through the oil cooler 37 and enters the pedestal 2Q through the funnel 3, bearing D, and bearing/7. It returns to the oil tank through the radial groove 20a.

The oil falling from the bearing also lubricates the thrust ring and the screw pair 10s, /As of the bridge.

During operation of a fluid machine with movable blades, the main power transmission system such as the main shaft 1, couplings 3J3JL, and power transmission shaft 30 is always operated, as well as the operating shaft for controlling the blade angle, the shaft nut 5, the cross paddle dog, the connecting rod 6, and the nut. , the sliding ring t1 distance piece 19, the nut/g, etc. rotate together. If the blade angle is to be kept constant, the electric motor consisting of the rotor fixed to the piece IO and the stator 13 fixed to the casing IS should be controlled so as not to generate rotational force, or should not be energized. .

Since the rotor // and the piece IQ do not rotate, the piece 10 does not move and the connected sliding ring g is immobile in the axial direction.
The blade angle control operating shaft does not move in the axial direction via the connecting rod 6 and the cross paddle dog. In other words, the wing angle remains constant. When performing blade angle control, the rotor l/ is rotated by generating rotational force in the electric motor, and the piece IO is rotated. The piece 10 itself is moved in the axial direction by a screw pair consisting of an internal thread 70B cut on the inner periphery of the piece IO and a male thread 68 cut on the outer periphery of the thrust ring 1B. The movement of the piece IO releases rotation through the bearing 9, and only the axial movement is transmitted to the sliding ring. Since the sliding ring t1 connecting rod t1 crosshead and the blade angle control operating shaft move together in the axial direction, the blade angle control operating shaft moves in the axial direction and the blade angle changes. If the blade angle is to be changed in the opposite direction to that described above, the machine may be controlled to rotate the rotor of the electric motor in the opposite direction to that described above.

The displacement of the piece IO in the axial direction can be detected by the position detector Koku, and the blade angle is determined, and the blade angle is set to the set blade angle S as described above.

It is appropriate that the electric motor consisting of rotor// and stator/3 used in such a device is configured as, for example, a stepping motor, a low frequency multipolar motor, a thyristor motor, etc.
It is preferable to use a pulse motor and perform numerical control.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment differs from the previous embodiment in the operating driving means for urging the bridge to rotate around the screw member.

A spur gear 39 is cut on the outer periphery of the piece IO.
A spur gear lIJ is engaged with the shaft end l of a hydraulic motor lll which is fixed in the casing 15 and has an output shaft parallel to the main shaft l. Spur gear 39 and spur gear +,
2, in order to maintain constant engagement, at least one of them is a piece/θ
The face width is made larger than other gears by the amount of movement.

When the hydraulic motor 4 (/) rotates, the spur gear Tako rotates, transmitting the rotation to the spur gear 39, and the piece 10 rotates. Therefore, the blade angle can be controlled by rotating the hydraulic motor lI/ in the forward and reverse directions. In this embodiment, if the axial movement of the piece 10 is permitted, the outer periphery of the piece /θ may be a helical gear instead of a spur gear or ?te, or a helical gear drive that meshes with this may be used. In this case, the rotational displacement due to the axial movement of one gear of the helical gear pair is added to or subtracted from the rotation of the piece lθ.The gear meshing with the gear on the outer periphery of the piece /θ is As long as it allows axial movement, it may be a worm, a screw gear, a rack, etc. In the case of a rack, the rack is driven by a fluid pressure servo cylinder.

In addition, operating the Koma IO with a fluid pressure-operated drive source means that the conventional blade angle control device of a fluid machine equipped with hydraulically operated movable blades applies the thrust of a hydraulic cylinder directly to the blade angle control operating shaft. The drive source for the piece 10 is a hydraulic motor, for example.

Figure 1 is a sectional view showing yet another embodiment of the present invention.

In this embodiment, the third transmission device meshes with the spur gear on the outer periphery of the piece.
This is different from the embodiment shown in the figure.

The spur gear 3q on the outer periphery of the piece 10 has a blade angle control force input shaft parallel to the main axis l! The 4t spur gears fixed to are meshed with each other. The blade angle control force input shaft lIs is a bearing lIA provided in the casing /3! 7, and a bevel gear at is fixed to the upper end of this input shaft 4tj. A small bevel gear yt is fixed to the other end of the operation drive shaft S3, which is connected at one end to the prime mover SO for controlling the blade angle and supported by the casing 15 via a bearing j/3.2. Bevel gear+? It meshes with the bevel gear lIt.

When the prime mover Sθ is energized, the small bevel gear Data rotates, the bevel gear pg and the spur gear Coo rotate, transmitting the rotation to the spur gear 39, the piece IO rotates, and the blade angle is changed as in the previous embodiment. can do.

In this embodiment, since the spur gear 39 moves in the axial direction while meshing with the spur gear lIλ, in order to maintain the mesh at all times, the spur gear 3? The face width of the spur gear q2 is set to a length that takes into account the amount of axial movement, but conversely, the face width of the spur gear q2 may be increased to make the width of the spur gear 3t the width required for strength.
As shown in the figure, the blade angle operating force input shaft +1 and 4 spur gears are spline-coupled, and the spur gear 39. Make the width of t the same, fix the 4/2a on both sides of the spur gear goo, and make the collar 1I2a.
And spur gear 3? The spur gear '12 may be made to slide on the spline shaft as the spur gear 39 moves across the spline shaft. Further, as the sliding mechanism of the spur gear 12, a sliding key, a Hall spline, etc. may be used instead of a spline.

The blade angle control device of the fluid machine (Kai) equipped with movable wings of the present invention has a blade angle control operating shaft passed through a hollow rotating shaft, and the blade angle is controlled by moving the operating shaft in the axial direction. In a blade angle control device for a fluid machine equipped with a movable blade, the blade is installed on the rotating shaft so as to be rotatable but not movable in the axial direction. A screw member supported so as not to rotate relative to the slide ring, and a screw that engages with the threaded portion of the screw member, and is rotatable in the axial direction with respect to the sliding ring via a bearing.
The connected pieces, an operation driving means for urging the pieces to rotate around the screw member, and a piece that is axially movable and rotatable with respect to the rotary shaft, which is rigidly connected to the blade angle control operation shaft. Not possible
Since it is constructed with a large sliding ring, no tool operating force acts on the thrust bearing of the rotating shaft, and the thrust bearing can be downsized.

Furthermore, when converting an existing fixed-blade pump to a movable pump, the thrust bearing does not need to be changed, so the movable-blade pump can be achieved without changing the main motor that drives the pump. Since the relative rotation of the piece with respect to the rotation axis is converted into axial motion using a pair of screws, the piece does not rotate due to the friction of the screw even if the blade angle control operating shaft receives thrust due to the fluid force applied to the blade. In other words, no power is required to keep the blade angle constant except for the operating shaft for controlling the blade angle.

Since the screw member does not rotate and the blade angle changes in the direction of rising and falling according to the absolute rotation of the piece in forward and reverse directions, it is easy to control the means for operating and biasing the piece, and when keeping the blade angle constant. Since the bridge operating/energizing means can be stopped during operation, power costs for controlling the wing angle can be saved.

When the piece operation drive means is an electric motor consisting of a rotor fixed to the outer periphery of the piece and a stator fixed with a gap between the rotor and the rotor, no radial load is applied to drive the piece, and the piece has less driving force and movement. is smooth.

When the operation driving means of the piece is such that a gear that meshes with a gear provided on the outer periphery of the piece is driven by a drive source that can move in forward and reverse directions, the drive source may be an electric motor, a hydraulic motor, a fluid pressure motor, or a fluid pressure servo cylinder. etc., and has a high degree of freedom in configuration.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional view showing a part of another embodiment of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of another embodiment of the invention. , FIG. 7 is a vertical cross-sectional view of still another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 1, and FIG. It is a diagram. /...Main shaft Co...Operation shaft for blade angle control 3 J. 3u...Coupling lIe・Crosshead 5...Shaft nut 6...Connecting rod 7. Nut t...Sliding ring De-Kist bearing 10...Block lθ8...Female thread //...
Rotor ia-*Key i3・Stator 13・・Casing/J a* *Base /6III Thrust Ring/As・・Male thread /7・Gallery bearing /1・・Shaft nut /?・・Distance piece 20e・Pedestal Ko Oa・Groove, 2/＠l−− λ・−Axis nut Ko 3・−Key Koda・Disc, 2S・・Permanent magnet 26
...Coil Core...Position detector -t...Controller Cob--Cover 30...Power transmission shaft Jl, 32...Shaft sealing member 33.31...Bearing holder 347...Funnel 3S
-・Shaft sealing member 36・Medium oil pump 37・・Oil cooler
3q...Spur gear ll/War/Hydraulic motor Dako...Spur gear 4IUa@/Brim 3...Shifter Dada...Guideline lI! ...Blade angle operating force input shaft DaA, lI7...Bearing 1111...Bevel gear 419-Small bevel gear g
o・Fist engine j/. ! r2...bearing S3...operation drive shaft. Patent applicant: Ebara Corporation Representative: Arai-be

Claims (1)

[Claims] / Blade angle control of a fluid machine equipped with a movable blade in which a blade angle control operating shaft passes through a hollow rotating shaft, and the blade angle is controlled by moving the operating shaft in the axial direction. In a device, a screw member that is rotatably installed on a rotating shaft so as not to move in the axial direction, has a threaded portion that is in the same window as the rotating shaft, and is supported by a casing so as to be able to move freely in the axial direction and not rotate relative to the casing. a piece including a screw that engages with the threaded portion of the threaded member and rotatably connected in the axial direction to the sliding ring via a bearing; and the piece is rotationally biased around the threaded member. A blade angle control device for a fluid machine including a movable blade including an operation drive means and a sliding ring rigidly connected to an operating shaft for controlling the blade angle and movable in the axial direction but not rotatable with respect to the rotating shaft. A fluid equipped with movable wings according to claim 1, wherein the operation drive means of the piece is an electric motor comprising a rotor fixed to the outer periphery of the piece and a stator fixed with a gap from the rotor. Mechanical blade angle control device. A fluid machine equipped with movable blades according to claim 1, wherein the operation drive means of the piece comprises a gear provided on the outer periphery of the piece, and a gear transmission meshing with the gear and connected to a drive source. Wing angle control device.