JPS6010524A - Electrode material of vacuum interrupter and method of producing same - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to an electrode material for a vacuum interrupter and a method for manufacturing the same, and particularly relates to an electrode material containing copper and martensitic stainless steel at a predetermined composition ratio σ] and a method for manufacturing the same. The electrode IF of the general f1 interrupter is 111
High ability to block large 1δ flow, high 12+ dielectric strength, 131:ijt Bath itr Pi-f+'& Ff
It is required to satisfy the following conditions: tx, Ct, (4) ability to effectively block small d-flow, etc. Conventionally, Q) electrode materials have been proposed from time to time to satisfy the above-mentioned condition Z, but even if there are ] is the current situation. For example, copper ratσ] made of an alloy material containing a high vapor pressure material (low melting point material), for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 41-12131 (US Patent No. 3246979) K
An electrode made of copper ff 0.5% bismuth (hereinafter referred to as !u-0,5Bi electrode) as shown in FIG.

[Kotoku Publication No. 48-36071 (U.S. Patent No. 3596)
No. 027) Tlr There are many others such as those shown. However, electrodes containing high vapor pressure materials (low melting point materials) such as bismuth σ as described in 5 above have superior ability to interrupt large ε flows, welding resistance, and conductivity. However, there is a drawback that the dielectric strength of the dielectric strength is significantly reduced, and moreover, the current value is lower than IO.
Due to the high A, V may generate a rupture surge when shutting off, but the load σ can effectively shut off a slow n-small flow.
There was a problem with electrical equipment (σ) which could potentially lead to dielectric breakdown. In order to eliminate the drawbacks of electrodes containing such high vapor pressure materials (low melting point materials), alloy materials of copper and low vapor pressure materials (high melting point materials) may be used. No. 54-36121 (National Patent No. 3811939)
K) 80% as shown Q) Tungsten and 20%
(referred to as 20Cu-811W* electrode)
, and σ) shown in &1lej Kaisho 54-157284 (National Publication Patent No. 2024257) is unknown r
There is L-so. However, although the above-mentioned 20Cu-80W [σ] electrode f has the advantage of high dielectric strength, it also has problems such as difficulty in cutting off large currents such as those in front of an accident. Ta. The present invention has been made in view of the above points I/r.
Electrode 20-7 ON amount %σ] Copper powder, 30-80% θ] Martensitic stainless steel powder? By using a sintered composite metal, it has good adhesion resistance, particularly excellent dielectric strength, and is compatible with the electrode material of the vacuum interrupter so that it can cut off large and small currents well. 〇) The purpose is to provide a manufacturing method. In the present invention, this purpose has been achieved by using the following V space, pole material, and manufacturing method as described in 11) and 12) below. 11120-70% copper powder and 30-80% copper powder
Martensitic stainless steel 'S4 powder and σ) mixed powder are sintered to form metal? ! r electrode material electrode material acid formation. (2) Mixed powder of copper, martensitic stainless steel 1i4 and σ) is heated and sintered at a temperature below the melting point of martensitic stainless steel in a non-oxidizing atmosphere to create composite metal σ] air. Extreme material! Formed. Next, embodiments of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings and the like. Figure 1 is a sectional view of a vacuum interrupter σ#1 equipped with electrodes made of the material of the present invention. ) (2 in the example)
0) Insulating cylinder 1. NY, Fe stuck to both ends of the abdomen.
-N1-C○ alloy, etc. The double-opening end is closed with the same root-shaped metal finger plates 3, 3 made of stainless steel or the like via the sealing fitting 2 on the other side, and the inside is evacuated to a high vacuum to form a vacuum container 4. In this vacuum vessel 4, a pair of disc-shaped σ) electrodes 5.5 are placed on each gold FAQ+M plate 3.
, 3, the inner part of the electrode rod 6 and 6 is introduced into the vacuum vessel 4 so as to be relatively approachable and releasable while maintaining the airtightness of the vacuum vessel 4. In the figure, 7 is a metal bellows, 8 (.1 each electrode 5' etc. l concentric π surrounding middle '1 position σ) shield. The electrode 5 is made of a coating made by heating and sintering a mixture of -100 mesh σ] 20 to 70% of copper powder and 30 to 50% of martensitic stainless steel powder of -100 mesh. It is made of alloy metal. Here, martensitic Sten V, 7. @As for A, JI
It is not specified in the S standard, 8U8403゜5U8410
．． 5US416.8US420, 5U8431. 5US440C etc. Next, a method for manufacturing the front electrode material for the arrow will be explained. Il + First method First, the particle size is reduced to -Zo by bonding each other at a temperature below the melting point σ)
o A predetermined amount of meshed copper powder and martensitic stainless steel powder are mechanically mixed. Then, when stored in a container with a predetermined value,
1fr constant pressure (e.g. 9/(i
) vr and pressure shaping. Then, the press-shaped product was taken out of the container and placed in a non-oxidizing atmosphere (vacuum, hydrogen gas, fflXi
f gas, argon gas) e.g. 5 x 1O-5T
Copper oHa point (1
083℃) or lower (e.g. 600-1
The material is sintered at 0-00 DEG C. for 5-60 minutes, thereby forming a polarizing material of the compatible metal. (2) Second method is almost the same as the first method, but the difference σ] is the sintering temperature Y
, copper σ) and above the melting point of martensitic stainless steel (approximately 1500°C) and below (eg 1100°C) to form a compliant metal. Note that a non-oxidizing atmosphere is preferable since it has the advantage that degassing can be carried out simultaneously during heating and holding in vacuum. Of course, even if it is manufactured in a vacuum other than a vacuum, there is still a problem in practical use as an electrode for a vacuum incluctor. In addition, considering the heating temperature and time required for mutual bonding of the metal powder σ], the conditions of the furnace such as the heating temperature and time, and the conditions such as the cedar-like size of the VL pole material σ], and the workability, and θ1 It can be heated and maintained to satisfy its properties as a C9 electrode material. σ]. Arrow f each A'IJ, experimental results missing f. In addition, when conducting experiments, material σ] composition ratio (Example-1)
70Cu-308US41 (1 (intussusception %) (Example-
2) 50Cu-508US4゛lO (// ) (Example-3) 20Cu-80,1ltJS410 (/!'
) of the 3rd type using the above-mentioned method 20] and 5×10
It was formed in a vacuum of 5 Torr, and this was formed in a vacuum of 5 Torr. The diameter is 50 m/rn, the thickness is 6.5 m, and the circumference is 4 m.
Make it a disc-shaped electrode with rn/m radius, and lrL.
The experiment was carried out by incorporating a pair of σ electrodes into a vacuum interrupter configured as shown in the figure above. 111 The derivation of the electrode material (IAC, q) is given in Example-
The 1-stack ratio was 5 to 50%, 4N was 24% in Example-2, and 2 to 20% in Example-3. The hardness of each example was 120 to 210 HV (1 kg). (2) Welding resistance The g-pole of each example was 25KA under a pressure of 130kg.
(rms)' direct current for 3 seconds! (Engineer EC short-time current standard), the contact resistance could be removed without any interruption with a static removal force of 200 kg, and the subsequent increase in contact resistance was only 5 to 10%. Also, under 1 000 kL; l (/,) pressure, 50KA
After applying a current of (rms) for 3 seconds, the contact resistance (σ) increased by 2.
It remained at ~6%f, and had sufficient bathwear resistance. (31 Cut 'out' current value test When 30 A was applied as a 1 m current, π was 4.9 A on average in the case of the pole of Example-10'. Also, the electrode of Example-2 In the case of Example-3σ] electrode, it was 4.OA. (41 large current cutting ability electrode of each example (engineering, 11KA (rmS)σ) t a
'We were able to cut off 2t. (5) When the insulation strength gap was maintained at 3/Invr and an impulse withstand voltage test was conducted, the results were ±100K for Example-1σ]C
V, Example-2 (/) @ pole tX±ll0KV, the electrode of Example-3 is ±120KV (variation: ti 0KV
) showed the dielectric strength. (6) The insulation strength of the cutout is 11KA, and the gap between the cutout and the cutout is 3m/m when the current is applied several times.
After holding vr and performing 7 impulse withstand voltage tests,
Each example σ) electrode is ±1201(V (variation ±1O
□ (7) Withstand voltage after small current switching A small lightning current switching test was conducted 10,000 times at a current of 80 A. There was almost no change between Q. 181 Advance Small A Flow Cutting Capacity 1.25 1 A Pressure 8" , there was no restriking. In addition, when the type of martensitic stainless steel was changed, the relationship between the severing current value (average value), the impulse withstand voltage at a 3 mm gap, and σ was changed as shown in the table below. As can be seen from items 11 to (8) above in the table, the vacuum interrupter equipped with the M pole made of the material of the present invention has ambiguous capabilities, whereas the conventional Cu-0,5Bi, M pole A comparison of the various performances with a vacuum interrupter with 1+ift of (σ) dielectric strength and the dielectric strength when the electrode according to the present invention had a gap of 3 In/m were approximately the same. Therefore, iti &t, Cu-0,5B according to the present invention
It has a dielectric strength three times that of FJ. 1,=l Welding resistance Note: The electrode according to the present invention had a performance about 70% that of the Cu-0,5Bi electrode. However, in practice, it is only necessary to increase the detachment force to some extent by the moment σ of electrode separation, if necessary.・(di leading small current interrupting ability) The lightning fL according to the present invention was able to interrupt a load with twice the capacitance capacity compared to Cu-0,5Bi polarization. The cutting current value for polarization according to the invention is Cu-0,5Bi
'M-pole severance' The IJt flow value has become small. As is clear from the above explanation, the electrode made of the material according to the F,' Therefore, martensitic stainless steel is 30
When the amount of M is less than %, the current cutoff value becomes large,
Further, when the content exceeded 80% by weight, the large current interrupting ability suddenly decreased by 111 trr. Therefore, if the martensitic stainless steel is less than 30% by weight or more than 80% by weight, both the air and flow breaking values become large and the large current breaking ability suddenly increases.
IIK decreases. When the copper content is less than 20%, the conductivity decreases rapidly, and the contact resistance after the short-time current test increases rapidly, and when the rated current is applied. [σ], which generates a large amount of Joule heat, makes it less practical. Further, when the copper content exceeds 70% by weight, Vr has a lower dielectric strength and a sharp deterioration in welding resistance. As above σ], the present invention provides 20 to 70% by weight σ] copper powder,
30~80% of martensitic stainless steel powder is mixed and sintered to make a low-level interrupter electrode? Because it has been formed, it has excellent bath metallization resistance of T1. , especially compared to conventional IaC electrodes containing high vapor pressure materials such as Cu-0,5Bi, which have significantly higher resistance to insulation chipping, and also contain conventional low vapor pressure materials such as 20 Cu-80W. It has a large current compared to the pole and can perform IgT'lt well. In addition, it contains martensitic stainless steel, and these powders are bonded to each other, which improves the mechanical strength. In the case of heating and sintering, the decrease in conductivity is small and negative. Furthermore, in the case of heating and sintering at a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point of copper, although the conductive ft ink is slightly reduced, the amount of pores is reduced, the number of voids is reduced, and the strength of summer is improved.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of a vacuum incrector equipped with electrodes made of the material according to the present invention. 1... Insulating tube, 2... ° @ all fittings 3... Gold M end plate, 4... Vacuum container, 5... Front electrode, 6... Electrode rod,
7...Metal bellows, 8...Shield. Figure 1

Claims (1)

[Claims] +ll 20~yo vehicle failure%I/, 11%4 The vacuum interrupter, which is supposed to be made of metal, is a polar material.
K% of martensitic stainless steel powder is added to the mixed powder in a non-chemical atmosphere, and then heated and sintered at a temperature below the melting point of martensitic stainless steel.
- a method for manufacturing an electrode material, characterized in that the vacuum ink ladle σ is a primary metal.