JPS5993987A - Scroll fluid machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To keep the quantity of lubricating oil in a back pressure chamber always constant by supplying the lubricating oil to the back pressure chamber through a throttle device and by thereafter feeding to a working chamber through a small hole provided in a mirror plate of a scroll member. CONSTITUTION:An independent space is formed behind a revolving scroll 2, and a lubricating oil is supplied to back pressure chamber through a throttle device or mechanism 155. Small holes 101, 102, 103, 104 (not shown in fig.) are formed in a mirror plate of this revolving scroll, and through these holes the lubricating oil in the back pressure chamber is fed to the working chambers of both scrolls, for ex. an enclosed space 5a (not shown in fig.) or suction chamber if, so that the quantity of lubricating oil in back pressure chamber can be held constant at all times.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to a refueled scroll fluid machine that is used once a month as a refrigerant compressor or air compressor for refrigerated air P:Il'J, etc., and particularly relates to this fluid machine. This relates to the lubrication system and cooling system.

[Prior art]

A conventional oil-supplied scroll fluid machine will be explained using an air compressor as an example with reference to Figures 1 to 4. Figure 1 shows an open type where the scroll compression element (fixed scroll side) is exposed to the atmosphere, A horizontal air compressor with a shaft extending in the axial direction is shown, and FIG. 3 also shows an open vertical air compressor. First, the conventional examples shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 will be explained.

Reference numeral 1 designates a fixed scroll, in which a spiral wrap portion 1b stands upright on a flat plate portion 1a. 2 is an orbiting scroll, and mirror plate 2
A spiral wrap portion 2b is formed to stand upright. The fixed scroll 1 and the orbiting scroll 2 are engaged with each other with their lap portions facing inward, and the orbiting scroll 2 is housed between the fixed scroll 1 and an outer frame 4 fixed to the fixed scroll 1.

Further, between the outer frame 4 and the orbiting scroll 2, there is formed a means for preventing rotation of the orbiting scroll 2, which is called an Oldham mechanism and includes an Oldham key 3a, an Oldham ring 3b, etc. Due to the eccentric rotation, the orbiting scroll 2 performs an orbiting motion without rotating. The crankshaft 6 rotates clockwise, and the orbiting scroll 2
makes a clockwise rotational movement, the intake gas flows through the intake port 1C.
It is sucked into the compressor through the suction chamber 1f on the outer periphery of the wrap.
Among the compression chambers 5 (5a, 51)) formed by the fixed scroll 1 and the orbiting scroll 2, the gas in the compression chamber 5a located at the outermost periphery gradually decreases in volume with the orbiting motion. Meanwhile, it moves toward the compression chamber 5b and further toward the center of both scrolls 1.2. When both compression chambers reach the vicinity of the center of both scrolls 1.2, the compression chambers communicate with the discharge port 1d and the compressed gas is discharged. (
(See Figure 2) However, in a scroll compressor with a horizontal structure in which the crankshaft 6 is disposed laterally, the electric motor 7
A shaft joint 8 is provided between the crankshaft 6 and the crankshaft 6 . Each part of the compressor is lubricated by an oil supply pump 9 provided outside the machine, which supplies lubricating oil to each sliding part.

Next, the lubrication system will be explained. Back pressure chamber 1 of frame 4
0 The lubricating oil 11 accumulated at the bottom is transferred from the oil passage 4C to the oil pipe line 12.
The oil in the tank is temporarily stored in an oil tank 13 through an oil cooler 23 and sent to an oil pipe line 14 by an oil supply pump 9. The oil pipe line 14 is connected to branch oil pipe lines 15, 16, and 17, and the branch oil line 15 is connected to the oil supply line 4a of the frame via the oil amount control valve 18a, and
Lubricate the outer periphery of the mirror plate 2a. Further, the branch oil pipe 16 is connected to the oil supply path 4b of the frame via an oil amount control valve 181), and the bearings 19, 20 are supplied with oil. Further, the branched oil pipe 17 is disposed within the cover 21 from the inlet 21a with an oil amount regulating valve 180 interposed therebetween, and shows the flow of lubricating oil. Next, the lubricating oil that has lubricated the mechanical seal 22 and the like accumulates in the housing 21 and returns to the bottom V of the back pressure chamber 10 through the bearings 20 and 19.

Next, a conventional example shown in FIG. 3 will be explained. Flat plate part 1a
a fixed scroll 1 with an upright spiral wrap 1b;
An orbiting scroll 2 with a spiral wrap 2b upright on an end plate 2a, both scrolls are engaged with each other with their lap portions facing inward, and the orbiting scroll 2 is housed between a fixed scroll 1 and a frame 4, Further, between the frame 4 and the orbiting scroll 2, a means for preventing rotation of the orbiting scroll called an Oldham mechanism, which is formed by an Oldham key 3a and an Oldham ring 3b, is provided. The compressor section having the above structure is disposed in the lower part of the casing 30 with the fixed scroll 1 facing downward. The crankshaft 31 is supported by bearings 19 and 20 of the frame 4, and an oil seal 33 mounted on a cover 32 is provided above the bearing. The oil seal 33 is a sealing means that maintains a differential pressure between a back pressure chamber 40 and a motor lower chamber 47, which will be described later. The eccentric shaft 31a at the lower part of the crankshaft 31 is inserted into the boss 2c protruding from the upper center of the orbiting scroll 2 with a lower bearing 2d interposed therebetween.The rotation of the crankshaft 31 causes the eccentric shaft 31a to eccentrically rotate, and the orbiting scroll 2 Performs rotational motion without rotating. A suction pipe 34 is connected to the suction port 1C provided in the fixed scroll 1, and a suction filter 3 is connected to the tip of the suction pipe 34.
5 is installed, and the intake outside air is introduced into the intake port ICIC through the intake filter 35 and the intake pipe 34.

A discharge pipe 36 with a check valve 36a interposed therebetween is connected to the discharge port 1d, and the other end is connected to a pressure tank 37. Further, a throttle valve 39 is provided in the middle of a branch pipe 38 branched from the discharge pipe 36, and the other end of this branch pipe is connected to the gas passage 4 of the frame 4.
d and opens to the back pressure chamber 40. Back pressure chamber 40
is formed on the upper part of the orbiting scroll 2 in the frame 4,
That is, a part of the discharged gas is branched into the back pressure chamber 40, and intermediate pressure gas is introduced which is reduced to intermediate pressure by the throttle valve 39, and the pressure in the back pressure chamber 40 causes the orbiting scroll 2 to A pressing force in the axial direction is applied to press the identification scroll 1 toward the identification scroll 1 side. In the figure, reference numeral 41 indicates a balance weight, and reference numeral 42 indicates lubricating oil collected at the bottom of the back pressure chamber 40.

A stator 45 of an electric motor is firmly fitted into the upper part of the casing 30, and a rotor 46 is disposed inside the stator 45, which is secured to the upper part of the crankshaft 31.

Further, a plurality of openings 30a are provided in the casing at a position below the stator 45, and the motor lower chamber 47 is open. Further, a plurality of ventilation holes 45a are formed in the rotor 46, and the motor lower chamber 47 and the upper chamber 48 are communicated with each other.

A bearing frame 50 is disposed at the upper end of the casing 30, and the upper end of the crankshaft 31 is supported by an upper bearing 51 in the center. This bearing frame 50 has a plurality of ventilation holes 50a opened at the outer periphery of the bearing 51. The upper end of the crankshaft further includes the electric motor section 45.4.
A cooling fan 52 is attached via bolts 53 for cooling the cooling fan 6, and a fan cover 54 is disposed above it.
It is attached to the bearing frame 50 via a mounting port R55. In the figure, solid line arrows indicate the flow direction of compressed air, and broken line arrows Vi indicate the flow direction of the motor cooling air.

The operation of the scroll fluid machine having the above structure will be explained. The intake air passes through the intake filter 35, the intake pipe 34, the intake port IC, the intake chamber 1f, and then the both scrolls 1.
．． 2, is compressed by the orbiting motion of the orbiting scroll 2, becomes high-pressure compressed air, reaches the discharge port 1d, and then passes through the discharge pipe 36 to the pressure tank 3.
The compressed air in the mocha tank 37 is taken out to the outside and used for various purposes. A portion of the compressed nitrogen gas discharged from the upper portion is bypassed through the branch pipe 38 and is appropriately reduced in pressure by the throttle valve 39 to an intermediate pressure and introduced into the back pressure chamber 40 . The orbiting scroll 2 is appropriately pressed against the fixed scroll 1 by the intermediate pressure in the back pressure chamber 40, thereby improving the sealing of the sliding parts of both scrolls 1.2.

Next, the lubrication system will be explained.

The lubricating oil 42 in the upper part of the end plate 2a of the orbiting scroll 2 is supplied by the centrifugal pump effect of the eccentric hole 62 provided at the lower part of the crankshaft 31 through the horizontal hole 61 and eccentric hole 62 provided in the orbiting scroll boss portion 20. The oil seal 33 and bearings 19 and 20 arranged above the back pressure chamber 40 are supplied with oil. The lubricating oil that has reached the oil seal 33 and the like falls due to its own weight and returns to the upper part of the end plate 2a of the orbiting scroll 2. Of course,
The lubricating oil 42 is also used to lubricate the Oldham mechanism parts 3a and 3b located at the bottom of the back pressure chamber 40, the outer peripheral part 2f of the orbiting scroll end plate 2a, and the like.

In addition, in both conventional examples, a back pressure chamber IQ, 40 is provided on the back surface of the end plate of the orbiting scroll 2, and the back pressure chamber includes the Oldham mechanisms 3a, 3b and bearings 19, 20 for driving the orbiting scroll 2. equipment will be placed. Therefore, it is necessary to supply lubricating oil to the back pressure chamber. In the conventional example shown in FIG. 1, a lubrication method is adopted in which the back pressure chamber is forcibly supplied with oil from the outside using an oil supply pump 9. On the other hand, in the embodiment of FIG.
A lubrication system is adopted in which an oil supply pump (centrifugal pump structure with an eccentric hole 62) is placed inside the back pressure chamber.

Next, FIG. 4 shows a flowchart for these lubrication systems together with the flow of working gas subjected to compression action.

As described above, the solid arrows indicate the flow direction of the working gas, that is, the system of the working gas. On the other hand, the dashed arrow indicates the flow direction of the lubricating oil, that is, the lubrication system. The A loop of the lubrication system refers to the case shown in FIG. 3, while the B loop refers to the case shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 4, the working gas system and the lubrication system are completely separate systems and do not intertwine with each other.

Such oil-supplied scroll fluid machines have the following problems.

1. Leakage of the lubricating oil 11.42 in the back pressure chamber occurs at the outer peripheral portion 2f of the end plate of the orbiting scroll 2, which is the boundary between the back pressure chamber 10.40 and the suction chamber 1f in the working gas system. That is, the lubricating oil in the back pressure chamber leaks into the suction chamber 1f through the outer peripheral portion 2f of the end plate, and as a result, the total amount of lubricating oil in the back pressure chamber decreases in the A loop or B loose shown in FIG. 4 ■ The total amount of lubricating oil decreases.

2. In this way, when the amount of lubricating oil in the lubrication system decreases, the drive parts in the back pressure chamber (for example, Oldham mechanism parts 3a, 3
b, bearings 19, 20, etc.), leading to poor lubrication. In the worst case, these sliding parts may run out of oil and cause seizing accidents, raising concerns about the reliability of the plating machine.

3. The conventional example shown in FIG. 1 requires an external oil supply pump 9 for circulating lubricating oil, and requires a large installation space as a scroll fluid device. That is, the scroll fluid device becomes larger.

4 Furthermore, in the conventional example shown in FIG. 3, as shown in the lubrication system shown in FIG. Furthermore, there is no cooling means for each sliding part within the back pressure chamber 40. As a result, the temperature of various parts within the back pressure chamber 40 increases abnormally, and the deterioration of the lubricating oil 42 is accelerated, resulting in a shortened lifespan of the lubricating oil 42.

In this way, above 1. ．． 2. In addition to the lubricating oil shortage phenomenon described in Section 31 and Section 41, there are problems in increasing the size of the scroll fluid machine and in the cooling method of the back pressure chamber.

[Purpose of the invention]

The present invention was invented in view of the above, and provides a lubricating type scroll fluid machine that always secures a constant amount of lubricating oil in a back pressure chamber, lubricates and cools the back pressure chamber, and also aims to reduce the size of the back pressure chamber. A tree that aims to provide.

[Summary of the invention]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention forms an independent back pressure chamber at the back of the orbiting scroll, supplies lubricating oil to the back pressure chamber through a throttling device, penetrates the end plate of the orbiting scroll member, and supplies lubricating oil to the back pressure chamber during compression. The lubricating oil is further supplied to the working chamber through a pore opening into the working chamber.

[Embodiments of the invention]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. First, an independent space (hereinafter referred to as a back pressure chamber) located at the back of the orbiting scroll 2, that is, opposite to the wrap side of the orbiting scroll 2, is formed, and FIG. 5 shows the basic lubrication system of the present invention.
The lubricating oil is sent into the back pressure chamber via the throttling device or the throttling mechanism section 155, and the fed lubricating oil is further injected into the working chamber formed by both scroll members and operated within the scroll compression element section. The high pressure lubricating oil is separated from the working gas by the oil separation means 153.The lubricating oil is then passed through the oil supply passage 156C and returned to the back pressure chamber via the throttling device 155. 10 (or 40).

In the figure, solid arrows indicate the flow of working gas, and dashed arrows indicate the flow of lubricating oil. This system diagram is characterized by a lubrication system with a flow 156a from the back pressure chamber 10 to the scroll compression element section in a separate space. Therefore, the flow of lubricating oil is carried out through the lubrication system path 1: back pressure chamber - scroll compression element - oil separation means 153 - throttling device 155 - back pressure chamber.
It becomes 56. The lubricating oil that has flowed into the back pressure chamber lubricates and cools the inside of the back pressure chamber.

Next, the flow 156aK of lubricating oil from the back pressure chamber to the scroll compression element will be explained. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a working chamber (for example, 5a) formed by both the rotating and fixed scrolls is formed in the end plate 2a of the orbiting scroll 2.
A single side or a plurality of pores 101, 102 and 103, 104 are provided to communicate the wrap 2b side of the orbiting scroll 2 and the back pressure chamber 10 (40), which is an independent space located on the opposite side. These pores function as pressure introduction holes for guiding a part of the working gas in the working chamber formed by both scrolls 1.2 to the back pressure chamber, and constitute a lubrication system as shown in Fig. 5. and K, the lubricating oil in the back pressure chamber is provided with a function as an oil drain hole or an oil filling hole that guides the lubricating oil in the back pressure chamber to the working chamber (for example, 5a) through the fine hole. The embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 has a function as a pressure introduction hole for guiding gas pressure into the back pressure chamber, and an oil drain function for guiding lubricating oil from the back pressure chamber to the closed space 5a (or This is an example in which 4@ pores with a lubrication function) are provided in the end plate 2a of the orbiting scroll 2. In this way, pores 101.102.103
．． The lubricating oil in the back pressure chamber is supplied to both scrolls 1 through 104.
The second feature is that a lubrication path is formed for movement to the second working chamber (for example, the sealed space 5a or the suction chamber 1f).

The pores 101, 102, 103, and 104 are provided at positions that form a closed space formed by both scrolls 1.2. Therefore, these pores are provided at an intermediate position between the scroll start position and the winding end position.

For example, since the working gas in the closed space 5a is guided to the back pressure chamber 10 (40) through the pore 102, the back pressure chamber 10
(40) is maintained at a pressure intermediate between the low suction pressure and the high discharge pressure. This gas pressure acts on the back surface 2g of the end plate 2b of the orbiting scroll 2, and the gas pressure presses the orbiting scroll 2 against the fixed scroll 1.

FIG. 8 shows another embodiment, in which two pores are provided. The pores 105 are connected to the orbiting scroll 20 wrap 2b.
The other pore 106 is provided in the end plate near the inside of the orbiting scroll 2, and the other pore 106 is provided in the end plate near the outside of the wrap 2b of the orbiting scroll 2. Further, these two pores 105 and 106 are located in the working chamber (for example, the closed space 5a) formed by both scroll members.
Alternatively, the back pressure chamber and the working chamber are formed at symmetrical positions such as 5b, etc., so that the back pressure chamber and the working chamber communicate with each other. These pores 105
．． 106 in symmetrical positions is to avoid applying an unbalanced force (for example, gas force in the thrust direction or gas force in the radial direction) to the orbiting scroll 2.

FIG. 9 shows still another embodiment, in which a small hole 1 having a function as a pressure introduction hole and an oil draining function (or oil filling function)
07 is provided on the end plate 2a of the orbiting scroll 2. Note that the pore 101.102.103.10
4, +05, +06 and the pores 107, FIG. 10 shows that a plurality of seals formed by the fixed scroll 1 and the orbiting scroll 2 can be provided at any position between the fixed scroll 1 and the orbiting scroll 2. An embodiment is shown in which pores 108 and 109 are provided in the working chambers at the outer edges of the wraps 1b and 2b of both scrolls that engage with the space of the suction chamber 1f. Furthermore, FIG. 11 shows an embodiment in which pores 110 are provided in the end plate 2a of the orbiting scroll 2 so that the space of the suction chamber 1f and the back pressure chamber are communicated with each other.

FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing the lubrication system of the above embodiment. In the figure, solid line arrows indicate the flow direction of working gas, and dashed line arrows indicate the flow direction of lubricating oil. Figures 6 to 1
The main components of the lubrication system shown in the example shown in Figure 1 are:
A scroll fluid machine 158 having a scroll compression element portion (mainly a fixed scroll 1 and an orbiting scroll 2) and a back pressure chamber 10 (40), an oil separator 153 having an oil separation function,
These include a throttle device 155 that adjusts the amount of oil supplied to the back pressure chamber.

The flow of working gas and the flow of lubricating oil will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 12. In the figure, the flow of working gas is indicated by solid line arrows, and the flow of lubricating oil is indicated by broken line arrows. The working gas is introduced into the suction pipe 151 as a low-volume, low-pressure suction gas, and then reaches the scroll compression element. Made! The tII+ gas is compressed here to become a high-temperature, high-pressure discharge gas and guided to an external discharge pipe. Further, an oil separator 153 separates lubricating oil from the discharged gas. After the lubricating oil has been separated, the discharged gas containing a small amount of oil is led to the outside from the oil separator 153. Next, the flow of lubricating oil will be explained. The lubricating oil in the back pressure chamber moves through the pores to the working chamber formed by both scrolls, and the lubricating oil and working gas mix inside the working chamber. As described above, the pores provided in the second end plate of the orbiting scroll have an oil draining function or an oil filling function in addition to the function as a pressure introduction hole. In other words, oil is injected into the working gas through the pores. In this way, the lubricating oil that has reached the working chamber (for example, the closed space 5a, etc.) is used for the sealing function of the gap between the scroll wraps formed by both scrolls 1.2 and for the sliding effect between the wrap and the end plate facing the wrap. It has the function of lubricating and cooling moving parts, and also has the function of absorbing the heat generated when compressing the working gas. The lubricating oil that has reached the scroll compression element is subjected to a pressure increasing action together with the working gas, and is led to an external discharge pipe 152 and further to an oil separator 153. Here, the lubricating oil is separated from the working gas and oil supply path 1
56C to an oil cooler 154 and a throttle device 155. The lubricating oil is depressurized by the expansion device 155, becomes lubricating oil at an intermediate pressure, and returns to the back pressure chamber again. Oil is supplied from the oil separator 153 to the back pressure chamber 10 (40) using a differential pressure between a high discharge pressure and an intermediate pressure. The amount of oil supplied is adjusted by a throttling device 155.

In FIG. 12 (system diagram), the oil cooler 154 is arranged in the oil supply path 156C as a lubricant cooling method, but when the lubricant flows through the oil supply path 156C and has a high cooling effect such as natural heat radiation, , the oil cooler 154 may be omitted. still,
The amount of lubricating oil circulating through the pores 102, 103, 105, etc. is expressed as Qob'(
dμn). This circulating oil amount Qob is mainly determined by the throttle device 155 and the pores provided in the end plate of the orbiting scroll. FIG. 13 and subsequent figures show the structure of a scroll fluid machine that is a specific embodiment of the present invention. The embodiments shown in FIGS. 13 to 15 are used for refrigeration and air conditioners, and crawl 1
An orbiting scroll 2 having pores 105 and 106 as shown in FIG. The eccentric shaft 9 at the tip of the main shaft 96
Due to the eccentric rotation movement of 61), the orbiting scroll 2 performs an orbiting movement without rotating on its own axis. Other components include a slewing bearing 99, bearings 98, 97, a frame 92 supporting these, and a driving electric motor 95, and these parts are housed inside a closed container 91. The airtight container 91 includes an upper lid part 91a, a casing part 91b, and a lower lid part 91C. Airtight container 9
1 is composed of two chambers, a discharge chamber 84a and a motor chamber 841), and these spaces have an atmosphere with a discharge pressure on the high pressure side. A back pressure chamber 79 is formed at the back of the orbiting scroll 2 as an independent space from the suction chamber 1f, discharge chamber 84a, and motor chamber 84b on the low pressure side. Retained by Riki Nakata. The flow of the working gas, that is, the refrigerant gas, is shown by solid line arrows, and the flow of lubricating oil 94 stored at the bottom of the container is shown by broken line arrows. Next, the detailed structure of the orbiting scroll 2 is shown in FIG. The end plate 2aK of the orbiting scroll 2 has a radial oil supply passage 80 (
80a, 80b, 80C180d) and oil supply hole 82 (82
a, 821), 82C, 82d) are formed. 13th
The flow of refrigerant gas and the flow of lubricating oil will be explained with reference to FIGS. 15 to 15. The refrigerant gas passes through the suction port 1C and the suction chamber 1f in the fixed scroll from the suction pipe 90, and further flows into the compression chamber formed by both scrolls 1.2, moves to the center of both scrolls, and changes the temperature of the lower side and the suction chamber 1f. Increase. Next, it passes through the discharge hole 1d to the discharge chamber 34a, which is the upper space inside the closed container 91, and further passes through the passage 93 that communicates the discharge chamber 84a and the motor chamber 84b to the motor chamber 84b.
K. The refrigerant gas that has reached the motor chamber 841) cools the motor and is then sent to the outside via the discharge pipe 85. The lubricating oil 94 at the bottom of the container flows through an eccentric vertical hole 9 provided in the main shaft 96.
6a due to the differential pressure between the high discharge pressure at the bottom of the container and the intermediate pressure in the back pressure chamber 79, and reaches the bearings 97 and 98 and the swing bearing 99 via the horizontal oil supply holes 97a and 98a. Furthermore, the lubricating oil reaching the space 960 formed by the upper end surface of the eccentric shaft 96b and the bottom of the boss portion 2C of the orbiting scroll 2 has a pressure equal to the discharge pressure, and
The fixed floor spacer 1 is connected via a radial oil supply passage 80 (e.g. 80a) and an oil supply hole 82 (e.g. 82a) provided therein.
This leads to an oil groove 81 provided on the outer peripheral part 2f of the grilling plate. The lubricating oil that has reached the oil groove 81 and the like passes through the space 79a inside the frame and reaches the back pressure chamber 79. Furthermore, the lubricating oil that has lubricated the swing bearing 99 also reaches the back pressure chamber 79 through the bearing gap between the shaft 96b and the bearing 99. In this way, the lubricating oil 94 at the bottom of the container is
It is fed into the back pressure chamber via the bearings 98 and 99 and the outer peripheral portion 2f of the mirror plate. The flow rate adjustment of the lubricating oil flowing into the back pressure chamber 79 is performed by adjusting the bearing clearance (the bearing clearance C1 between the swing bearing 99 and the eccentric shaft 96b and the bearing clearance C1 between the bearing 98 and the main shaft 96) in the bearing section. This is done by adjusting the hole diameter d of the oil supply passage 80, the hole diameter d2 of the oil supply hole 82, and the size of the axial clearance C of the head plate in the outer peripheral portion 2f of the head plate.

These parts form a throttle mechanism section (155 shown in FIG. 5) that controls the amount of oil.

Setting the dimensions of these throttle mechanisms (e.g. bearing clearance back pressure chamber 7)
After lubricating the Oldham mechanism 3, etc., the lubricating oil that reached 9.
Through said pores 105, 106 both scrolls 1.2
The refrigerant gas is injected into the working chamber formed by the refrigerant gas, and then mixed with the refrigerant gas inside the scroll wrap. Next, the lubricating oil along with the refrigerant gas is subjected to a pressure increasing action, and the discharge hole 1d,
The discharge chamber 84a further moves along with the refrigerant gas to the motor chamber 841) via the passage 93. The lubricating oil that has reached the motor chamber 84t) has a large flow rate due to the large space, and falls to the bottom of the container due to its own weight. That is, the electric motor room 84b
The refrigerant gas and lubricating oil are separated. The lubricating oil 94 that has fallen to the bottom of the container is returned to the eccentric vertical hole 9 provided in the main shaft 96.
5a and is sent into the back pressure chamber 79 via the above-described route.

In this way, since a constant amount of oil is always fed into the back pressure chamber 79 from the bottom of the container, the problem of the lack of the entire amount of lubricating oil in the back pressure chamber 79, which was seen in the prior art, can be solved. It will be resolved. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 15, the oil supply path 8
As described above, a portion of the lubricating oil that has reached the oil groove 81 through the oil supply hole 82 leaks into the space 79a inside the frame 92 through the axial clearance C3 of the end plate. The other oil groove 81
The lubricating oil inside also flows toward the suction chamber 1f, which is the low pressure side, through the axial gap C3. The lubrication path that flows from the oil groove 81 to the suction chamber 1f is a flow of lubricating oil that does not pass through the back pressure chamber 79. In this case, the lubricating oil flow is caused by a pressure difference between the discharge pressure on the high pressure side and the suction pressure on the low pressure side. It becomes a lubrication route using pressure oil supply.

FIG. 16 shows an embodiment of a refueling type air scroll fluid device in which air is used as the working gas. The main components are:
Since it is not much different from that shown in FIG. 3, explanation 8A of that part will be omitted.

The overall configuration is as follows. This device has an electric motor section 45
．． 45, a scroll fluid machine 200 having scroll compression element parts 1 and 2, an oil separator/blast tank 201, a throttling device 208, and a discharge pipe 36 as other accessory equipment.
Check valve 36a oil strainer/dryer 2o4, oil cooling 6206 and solenoid valve 20 with automatic lubricating oil blocking function
7 etc. The flow of working gas indicated by solid line arrows and the flow of lubricating oil indicated by broken line arrows will be explained according to the figures.

Air, which is a working gas, is passed through a suction filter 35 and a suction pipe 34.
The air passes through the suction port 1c and the suction chamber 1f, and then flows into the compression chamber formed by both scrolls 1.2, where it is compressed by the orbiting motion of the orbiting scroll 2. In the closed space (for example, 5a) during contraction, the pore 1
Compressed air at an intermediate pressure is introduced into the back pressure chamber 40 via o5 (or 106) to maintain the back pressure chamber at an intermediate pressure. Also, the lubricating oil 42 in the back pressure chamber moves to the closed space (eg, 5a) through the pores 106 (or 1o5) and mixes with the compressed air. The compressed air and the lubricating oil are simultaneously subjected to pressure increasing action and become high pressure, reach the discharge port 1d, and then the discharge pipe 36.
, and is sent to the oil separator/rush tank 201 via the check valve 36a. The high-pressure lubricating oil in the air tank 201 is separated from the compressed air and collected at the bottom of the air tank 201. The lubricating oil 2o1aFi, oil supply pipes 202, 202a and 21
In turn, the oil is returned to the back pressure chamber 40 inside the scroll fluid machine 200 through the oil supply passage 4e provided in the frame 4. An air-cooled oil cooler 206 equipped with a cooling fan 205 is arranged in the oil supply pipe 202 . Further, a throttle device 208 (for example, a flow control valve) is arranged in the oil supply pipe 210 in order to adjust the amount of oil to the back pressure chamber 40 to an appropriate amount.

The lubricating oil 201d is also fed to the sliding surface of the outer peripheral portion 2f of the scroll mirror plate through an oil supply pipe '220 provided with a throttle device 209 for adjusting the amount of oil. The sliding portion 2f is provided with an oil groove 212 for lubrication on the fixed scroll 1 side. The lubricating oil that has reached the oil groove 212 is transferred to the outer edge 2 of both scrolls.
The oil leaks into the back pressure chamber 40 through the gap f (gap C3 in FIG. This is done from the high-pressure air tank 201 side, and a constant amount of oil is always fed, so the problem of the lack of the entire amount of lubricating oil in the back pressure chamber 40, which was seen in the prior art, is solved. be done. In addition, the oil cooler 206 is used to cool the Oldham mechanism parts 3a and 3 in the back pressure chamber.
b and bearings 19, 20, etc. can perform a lubrication and cooling action. 'Also, since the back pressure chamber 40 is supplied with oil using the differential pressure between the high pressure and the pressure inside the back pressure chamber, that is, the intermediate pressure, the external oil supply pump 9 as shown in FIG. 1 of the prior art is unnecessary. , the entire device can be made compact.

Figure 17 shows the case where the present invention is applied to an oil-supplied scroll compression system for refrigeration and air conditioning, and the entire inside of the sealed chamber is set to a pressure between the suction pressure and the discharge pressure (hereinafter referred to as intermediate pressure). An example of the case is shown below.

The overall structure is as follows. This device includes a condenser 357, an expansion valve 358, and an evaporator 3 as the main equipment of the refrigeration cycle.
59, a scroll compressor main body 300 equipped with both a pressure introduction hole 105 and an oil drain hole 106, and includes an oil separator 350, an oil cooling heat exchanger 360, and a throttle device 36 as additional equipment.
Place 3. The direction of the flow of the refrigerant serving as the working fluid is shown by a solid line arrow, and the direction of the flow of lubricating oil is shown by a broken line arrow. This device will be explained mainly according to the flow of lubricating oil. compressor 300
The lubricating oil 307 at the bottom flows through an eccentric vertical hole 308a provided in the main shaft 308 to a bearing 309 at the upper part of the main shaft and a back pressure chamber 304.
The oil is pumped up to the Oldham mechanism section 3 (details not shown) inside, and lubricates that section.

Note that the refrigerant gas is guided from the sealed space inside the second roll wrap to the motor chamber 304a through the back pressure chamber and the pressure equalization hole 305 through the pore 105, so that the closed container 300
Inside a is maintained at intermediate pressure. The lubricating oil in the back pressure chamber 304 moves to the sealed space inside the scroll wrap through the pores 106, where it is mixed with the refrigerant gas. In the same manner as described above, the refrigerant gas and lubricating oil are simultaneously subjected to a pressure increasing action in the scroll compression element portion 1.2 to become high pressure, reach the discharge port 1d, and then are sent to the oil separator 350 via the discharge pipe 303. . In the oil separator 350, the high-pressure lubricating oil is separated from the refrigerant gas and collected at the bottom of the kernel oil separator 350. The lubricating oil 307a is guided to an oil supply pipe 364 and reaches a heat exchanger 360 for oil cooling. After being cooled, the lubricating oil is passed through the expansion device 363 and returned to the motor chamber 300 in the compressor 300.
a, which in turn returns to the back pressure chamber 304 that communicates with the section.

The heat exchanger 360 is a part that performs heat exchange between the high-pressure lubricating oil 307a and the low-water refrigerant gas, that is, the suction gas. In the heat exchanger 360, heat may be exchanged between the lubricating oil and the low-temperature liquid refrigerant that is also returned to the evaporator 359. By constructing a lubrication system such as the apparatus shown in FIG. 17, it is possible to cool the electric motor and to lubricate and cool each sliding part around the back pressure chamber 304 provided in the compression chamber 300. Lubricating oil L1 flowing through this lubrication system: Qob is the throttle device 3
It is adjusted at 63. The oil separator 153, 350 and the throttle device 155, 208, 363 are connected to the scroll fluid wharf t4.
It was placed outside for 150.200.300,
An integrated structure may be used in which both are part of a scroll fluid machine. For example, a structure in which the oil separator is disposed at the upper or lower part of the fixed scroll 1, and a throttle device for adjusting the amount of oil supplied to the back pressure chamber may be used. A constriction part may be provided to reduce the passage area in the part shown in the figure.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, according to the present invention, in an oil-supplied scroll fluid machine, the lubricating oil in the back pressure chamber moves to the sealed space inside the scroll through the pores provided in the head plate of the orbiting scroll. It improves the sealing performance of the gap between both scrolls, lubricates and cools the sliding part between the scrolls, and has the function of absorbing the heat generated when the working gas is beaded, so it improves the performance of the scroll fluid machine (internal This results in a highly reliable refueling scroll fluid machine with improved performance (regarding leakage and mechanical efficiency).

Further, it has the effect of ensuring a constant amount of lubricating oil within the scroll fluid machine, and also being able to sufficiently lubricate and cool the scroll fluid machine.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 and 3 are vertical cross-sectional views of conventional scroll fluid machines, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the meshing state of the scrolls in FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the flow of gas and lubricating oil. FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a lubrication system of a scroll fluid machine according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an embodiment of the scroll meshing state. FIG. 7 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the orbiting scroll shown in FIG. 6. FIGS. The figure is a flow chart showing another embodiment of the ff''lf;; system. Fig. 13 is a longitudinal sectional view of a hermetic scroll compressor showing another embodiment, and Fig. 14 is a flowchart of the orbiting scroll of Fig. 13. A plan view, and FIG. 15 is a partial enlarged view of the back pressure chamber shown in FIG. 13. FIG. 16 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a scroll compressor for air showing still another embodiment, and FIG. 17 is a still another example. It is a refrigeration cycle diagram showing an example of the above and using a scroll compressor. 1... Fixed scroll 2... Orbiting scroll 1
0.40.79...Back pressure chamber 101.102.103
．． 104.107.108.109.110...Pore 155.208.363...Squeezing device Mine 1 time 515 Year 4 Figure-516- Lee 7 box IC) (40) Eliminate m No. +4fll Rabbit 500 No. 16 (¥1 recruitment 17 yen)

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A fixed scroll member and an orbiting scroll member each having a spiral wrap upright on an end plate are provided, both scroll members are engaged with each other with the wraps inside, and the orbiting scroll member is fixed so as not to rotate on its axis. In a device that compresses fluid by moving the closed space formed by both scroll members from the outside to the center by making an orbiting motion with respect to the scroll member, and reducing the volume, an independent back pressure chamber is provided at the back of the orbiting scroll. The lubricating oil is supplied to the back chamber through a squeezing device, and the lubricating oil is supplied to the working chamber through a small hole that penetrates the end plate of the orbiting scroll member and opens into the working chamber during compression. A scroll fluid machine characterized by being equipped with a lubricating oil system passage. 2. The scroll fluid machine according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of pores are provided at symmetrical positions in the working chamber. 3 Claim in which the throttle device is formed in a bearing gap e trowel Scroll fluid machine 4 according to claim 1, Claim in which the throttle device is formed in a gap at the outer edge of the scroll member Scroll fluid machine according to item 1.