JPS5992679A - Signal processing method of ccd - Google Patents
Signal processing method of ccdInfo
- Publication number
- JPS5992679A JPS5992679A JP57203307A JP20330782A JPS5992679A JP S5992679 A JPS5992679 A JP S5992679A JP 57203307 A JP57203307 A JP 57203307A JP 20330782 A JP20330782 A JP 20330782A JP S5992679 A JPS5992679 A JP S5992679A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- reset
- period
- time width
- signal
- noise
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241001547070 Eriodes Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000283973 Oryctolagus cuniculus Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/70—SSIS architectures; Circuits associated therewith
- H04N25/71—Charge-coupled device [CCD] sensors; Charge-transfer registers specially adapted for CCD sensors
- H04N25/75—Circuitry for providing, modifying or processing image signals from the pixel array
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Transforming Light Signals Into Electric Signals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔発明の技術分野〕
本発明はＣＯＤ （Ｃｈａｒｇｅ Ｃ！ｏｕｐｌｅｄ
Ｄｅｖｉｃｅ；電荷結合素子）の信号処理方法に係り、
特に高（ｉ ） 、、。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a COD (Charge C!
Regarding a signal processing method for a device (charge coupled device),
Especially high (i), .
速駆動されるＣＯＤイメージセンサの信号処理方法に関
する。The present invention relates to a signal processing method for a rapidly driven COD image sensor.
第７図および第一図を参照して従来の信号処理方法を説
明する。第７図はＣＯＤの信号出力部付近の断面図であ
る。Ｐ型半導体基板／上にｎ型拡散層−を設けて埋め込
みチャンネルとし、ｎ型拡散層コにはポテンシャル段差
をつけるためにＰ型拡散層３を形成する。そして、半導
体基板を絶縁膜ダで株い、その上に転送電極ｊａ、ｊｂ
、出力ゲート６およびリセットゲート７を設ける。出力
ゲート６とリセットゲート７の間にはフローティングデ
ィフユージ田ンざを設け、リセットゲートクの他方の側
にはリセットドレインｔを設ける。A conventional signal processing method will be explained with reference to FIG. 7 and FIG. FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the vicinity of the signal output section of the COD. An n-type diffusion layer is provided on a P-type semiconductor substrate to serve as a buried channel, and a P-type diffusion layer 3 is formed on the n-type semiconductor substrate to provide a potential step. Then, the semiconductor substrate is covered with an insulating film, and transfer electrodes ja, jb are placed on top of it.
, an output gate 6 and a reset gate 7 are provided. A floating diffuser is provided between the output gate 6 and the reset gate 7, and a reset drain t is provided on the other side of the reset gate.
また、フローティングディフユージ璽ンｔの信号電荷は
ＮＥＴ（電界効果トランジスタ）等からなるソースフォ
ロア回路１０に与え、ここで検出された電圧が電流増幅
されるようにする。Further, the signal charge of the floating diffuser t is applied to a source follower circuit 10 consisting of a NET (field effect transistor) or the like, so that the voltage detected here is amplified by current.
第一図を参照して第１図のＣＯＤにおける従来の信号処
理方法を説明する。第一図の如く、転送（２）
電極の最終段ｊａにはＯＮの期間とＯＦＦの期間が略ｌ
：／のパルスが加えられており、リセットゲートクには
ＯＮの期間が短いパルスが加えられている。A conventional signal processing method in the COD shown in FIG. 1 will be explained with reference to FIG. As shown in Figure 1, the final stage of the transfer (2) electrode has an ON period and an OFF period of approximately l.
A pulse of :/ is applied, and a pulse with a short ON period is applied to the reset gate.
時刻１． において、リセットゲートクの電位ＲＧが′
Ｈ″（ハイレベル）になるとリセットゲートフはＯＮシ
、フローティングディフユージｗンｔはリセットされる
。Time 1. , the potential RG of the reset gate is '
When the level becomes H'' (high level), the reset gate is turned on and the floating differential is reset.
時刻ｔ、において、リセットゲートクの電位ＦＩＧが１
Ｌ′（ローレベル）になるとリセットゲートタはＯＦＦ
する。これＫよって、時刻ｔ、〜ｔ。At time t, the reset gate potential FIG becomes 1.
When it goes to L' (low level), the reset gater turns OFF.
do. According to this K, time t, ~t.
の間にリセットノイズが重畳されることになる。Reset noise will be superimposed during this time.
時刻ｔ８において、転送電極！Ｉａの電位ＴＧが％ Ｌ
ｌになると転送電極３ａの下の信号電荷は出カゲート
乙の下を通ってフローティングディフユージ曹ンｌＫ流
れこみ、ここから出方信号として検出される。At time t8, the transfer electrode! The potential TG of Ia is %L
When the signal charge reaches 1, the signal charge under the transfer electrode 3a flows into the floating diffuser 1K passing under the output gate 3, and is detected as an output signal from there.
時刻ｔ４において、リセットゲートクの電位ＲＧが１Ｈ
′になるとリセットゲートクはＯＮシ、上記の動作を繰
り返す。At time t4, the potential RG of the reset gate becomes 1H.
', the reset gate turns ON and the above operation is repeated.
ところで、リセットゲートクがＯＮしている期間（１，
、−１，）においてはＯＮ抵抗により熱雑音が発生し、
リセットゲート７のＯＦＦによってフローティングディ
フュージョンざに電荷として残ることになる（これを「
ｋＴｃノイズ」という）。By the way, the period when the reset gate is ON (1,
, -1,), thermal noise is generated due to ON resistance,
When the reset gate 7 is turned off, the floating diffusion remains as a charge (this is referred to as "
kTc noise).
このｋＴｏノイズは、リセットゲート７をＯＦＦ して
から信号市、荷を移送するまでの期間（１，〜１．）、
および信号電荷が検出されている期間（１，〜ｔ４）の
いずれの期間においても出方信号に重畳されている。そ
こで、従来はｋＴｃノイズが前記のいずれの期間におい
ても出力信号に重畳されている点に着目し、信号電１荷
の移送される前の期間（１゜〜ｔｓ ）を一定電圧に
クランプし、ｔ、〜ｔ４の期間の出力信号をサンプルホ
ールドすることによりｋＴＣノイズを消去している。こ
れを相関コ重サンプリングという。This kTo noise is generated during the period (1, to 1.) from when the reset gate 7 is turned off until the signal is turned off and the load is transferred.
and the period (1, to t4) in which signal charges are detected are superimposed on the output signal. Therefore, conventionally, we focused on the fact that kTc noise is superimposed on the output signal in any of the above periods, and clamped the period (1° to ts) before the signal charge is transferred to a constant voltage. The kTC noise is eliminated by sampling and holding the output signal during the periods t and t4. This is called correlated multiple sampling.
このような相関２重サンプリングによってｋＴＣノイズ
を除去するためには、第一図のｔ、〜ｔ。In order to remove kTC noise by such correlated double sampling, t, to t in FIG.
期間のようカ一定電圧にクランプする期間が必要になる
。ところが、高速駆動するＯＣＤイメージセンサでは駆
動するパルスのパルス幅そのものが狭くなり、そのため
ディニーティ比の小さいリセットパルスの周波数を高く
して第一図のｔｔ％ｔ。A period in which the voltage is clamped to a constant voltage is required. However, in an OCD image sensor that is driven at high speed, the pulse width of the driving pulse itself becomes narrow, so the frequency of the reset pulse with a small dignity ratio is increased to tt%t in FIG.
期間の如きものを作ることが困難になる。これが、００
Ｄの高速駆動を妨げる要因となっていた。It becomes difficult to create something like a period. This is 00
This was a factor that hindered high-speed driving of D.
また、高感度のＣＯＤイメージ七ンサでは、フローティ
ングディフユージ四ンの容量が小さくなるためｋＴＯノ
イズはほとんど問題にならないが、ソーヌフォロア回路
などから発生する低周波ノイズの問題が新たＫでてくる
。Furthermore, in a high-sensitivity COD image sensor, the capacitance of the floating diffuser is small, so kTO noise is hardly a problem, but low-frequency noise generated from the Saone follower circuit, etc., becomes a new problem.
本発明は上記の従来技術の欠点に鑑みてなされたもので
、高周波駆動の下で出力信号に重畳した低周波ノイズを
低減することのできるＯＯＤの信号処理方法を提供する
ことを目的とする。The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide an OOD signal processing method that can reduce low-frequency noise superimposed on an output signal under high-frequency driving.
上記の目的を実現するため本発明は、リセットゲートの
ＯＮ時間幅とＯＦ’Ｆ時間幅の比を略／：／とし、前記
信号出力部からの信号出力時間幅とリセットノイズの時
間幅を略／：ｌとするｃｃＤの信号処理方法を提供する
ものである。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention makes the ratio of the ON time width of the reset gate and the OFF'F time width approximately /:/, and the signal output time width from the signal output section and the reset noise time width approximately /:l.
第３図を参照して本発明の一実施例を説明する。 An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
卯、３図の如く、転送電極ｊａに与える電位と同様の、
′Ｈ′の期間と％ Ｌ ｌの期間が略ｌ：ｌの電位をリ
セットゲート７に与える。このようにすると、出力波形
はリセットノイズ期間（１，〜ｔｓ）ト信号出力期間（
ｔａ〜ｔ７ ）が略／：／のものとなる。オンチップソ
ーヌフォロア回路などから出る低周波ノイズは、ｔ、〜
ｔ、の期間とｔ、〜ｔ７の期間に共通に重畳される。そ
のため、ｔ５〜ｔ６の期をクランプし、ｔ６〜ｔ、の期
間をサンプルホールドすると低周波ノイズが除ける。ｔ
、〜ｔ６の期間とｔ６〜ｔ、の期間をそれぞれサンプル
ホールドし、得られたλつの出力の差を取り出せば、低
周波ノイズを除去した信号出力を得ることができる。Rabbit, as shown in Figure 3, the same potential as that applied to the transfer electrode ja,
A potential of approximately 1:1 is applied to the reset gate 7 during the 'H' period and the %L1 period. In this way, the output waveform will be the reset noise period (1, ~ts) and the signal output period (
ta~t7) is approximately /:/. The low frequency noise emitted from the on-chip Sonne follower circuit etc. is t, ~
It is commonly superimposed on the period t, and the period t, to t7. Therefore, by clamping the period from t5 to t6 and sampling and holding the period from t6 to t, low frequency noise can be removed. t
, ~t6 and t6 to t, respectively, and extracting the difference between the obtained λ outputs, a signal output from which low frequency noise has been removed can be obtained.
上述の如く本発明によれば、リセットゲートのＯＮ 、
０１ｊＦの時間幅を略／：／とし、信号出力時間幅と
リセット時間幅を略／：ｌとしたので、リセットパルス
の周波数をあげてＣＯＤを高速駆動させることができ、
かつ、高速駆動において低周波ノイズを除去することの
できるＣＯＤの信号処理方法を伺ることかできる。As described above, according to the present invention, when the reset gate is turned on,
Since the time width of 01jF is approximately /:/, and the signal output time width and reset time width are approximately /:l, it is possible to increase the frequency of the reset pulse and drive the COD at high speed.
In addition, we can learn about a COD signal processing method that can remove low frequency noise during high-speed driving.
第１図はＣＣ′Ｄの信号出力部付近の断面図、第一図は
従来方法を説明するタイミングチャート、第３Ｍは本発
明の一実施例に係る信号処理方法を説明するタイミング
チャートである。
出願人代理人 猪 股 清（り）
工 」 工 」 釘
臀FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the vicinity of the signal output section of CC'D, FIG. 1 is a timing chart illustrating a conventional method, and FIG. 3M is a timing chart illustrating a signal processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Applicant's agent: Kiyoshi Inomata
Claims (1)
記電荷転送部から与えられた信号電荷を信号出力部で出
力し、前記信号出力部を通った信号電荷をリセットゲー
トでリセットするＣＯＤの信号処理方法において、 前記リセットゲートのＯＮ時間幅と０７７時間幅の比を
略ｌ：ｌとし、前記信号出力部からの信号出力時間幅と
リセットノイズの時間幅を略／：ｌとすることを特徴と
する寺寺鴫−ｍ−勢春００Ｄの信号処理方法。[Scope of Claims] A signal charge photo-generated in a light receiving section is transferred by a charge transfer section, a signal charge given from the charge transfer section is outputted by a signal output section, and a signal charge passing through the signal output section is transferred. In a signal processing method for a COD that is reset by a reset gate, the ratio of the ON time width of the reset gate to the 077 time width is approximately l:l, and the signal output time width from the signal output section and the time width of reset noise are approximately /:l.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57203307A JPS5992679A (en) | 1982-11-19 | 1982-11-19 | Signal processing method of ccd |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57203307A JPS5992679A (en) | 1982-11-19 | 1982-11-19 | Signal processing method of ccd |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5992679A true JPS5992679A (en) | 1984-05-28 |
Family
ID=16471860
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57203307A Pending JPS5992679A (en) | 1982-11-19 | 1982-11-19 | Signal processing method of ccd |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5992679A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6178284A (en) * | 1984-09-25 | 1986-04-21 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Solid-state image pickup device |
-
1982
- 1982-11-19 JP JP57203307A patent/JPS5992679A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6178284A (en) * | 1984-09-25 | 1986-04-21 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Solid-state image pickup device |
| JPH0473673B2 (en) * | 1984-09-25 | 1992-11-24 |
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