JPS595812Y2 - refrigerator - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] This invention uses an absorption refrigeration device that works with an inert gas, and condenses the refrigerant in the condensing section and evaporates the refrigerant in the evaporating section, in order to freeze and store items. The present invention relates to a refrigerator having an active heat transfer device, in which the evaporator of the absorption refrigeration device has a first evaporator section that operates at a low temperature and a second evaporator section that operates at a high temperature.

The low temperature at which the first evaporation section operates is, for example, between about -30C and -22C, and the high temperature at which the second evaporation section operates is, for example, between about -22C and -5C.

Box refrigerators with absorption refrigeration and heat transfer devices are available on the market.

Such a box refrigerator has proven to be very useful in locations where it is impossible to connect it to a power source and where the refrigeration system must be powered by heat from a gas, kerosene, or burner. has been done.

However, the use of these refrigerators has traditionally been limited to the storage of frozen items, and the capacity of the refrigerators for freezing items has traditionally been small.

To date, due to the special properties of absorption refrigeration equipment, the heat transfer required to work with absorption refrigeration equipment and to store already frozen items at very low temperatures and the heat transfer required to freeze the items It was not considered possible to obtain a refrigerator capable of both heat transfer and heat transfer in appreciable amounts.

Known refrigerators with absorption refrigeration have only one space for the goods.

In this cavity, storage and freezing must take place simultaneously, so that the temperature of the items already placed in the freezer is adversely affected when fresh items are frozen.

The purpose of this invention is to provide both the heat transfer required to store previously frozen items at very low temperatures and the significantly higher amounts of heat required to freeze the items. The goal is to obtain a refrigerator that can.

According to this invention, the second evaporation section is arranged for freezing,
thermally coupling the first evaporator section to a condensing section of the heat transfer device;
It has surprisingly been demonstrated that this objective can be achieved by arranging the evaporative part of the heat transfer device to absorb heat from a storage chamber containing already frozen goods.

This invention will be explained in detail below using a box type refrigerator as shown in the drawings.

As is clear from the cross-sectional views of the refrigerator shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the refrigerator has a bottom wall 10, a rear wall 11, a top wall 12, a side wall
．． 14 and a door 15.

These walls and doors of box refrigerators are of the known type having an outer casing, an inner shell, and a relatively thick thermal insulation 16.17 of polyurethane foam containing a heavy gas such as trichloromonofluoromethane. It is a construct.

In the rear wall 11 there is a so-called window 18 through which the evaporator 19 of the absorption refrigeration system is inserted into a thermally insulated cavity 20 of the refrigerator.

The absorption refrigeration system is illustrated in FIGS. 1-3.

FIG. 1 is a rear view of an absorption refrigeration system in which a boiler device 22 is surrounded without an insulator surrounded by a casing 21 (FIG. 2).

In FIG. 1a, the casing 21 is defined by a rectangular portion surrounded by a vertical solid line at the rightmost end, two horizontal dotted lines extending perpendicularly from the middle of the solid line, and a vertical dotted line connecting the left ends of these dotted lines. A boiler device 22 is constructed by the members and tubes shown and surrounded by the casing 21.

A thermal insulator (not shown) of the same type as that in the box wall is provided around the gas heat exchanger 23 (the construction and operation of which will be described later) of the absorption refrigeration system.

The absorption refrigeration system has some of the same components as known types of absorption refrigeration systems, but with other components including a gas heat exchanger 23 which has a greater capacity than conventional absorption refrigeration systems.

Gas heat exchanger 23 provides some evaporation of excess refrigerant from the evaporator.

The absorption refrigeration system has a liquid circulation system consisting of an absorption device 24 , an absorption vessel 25 , a liquid heat exchanger 26 and a boiler device 22 .

The absorption device 24, which is constituted by a coiled tube, absorbs the refrigerant into a dilute absorption solution (in this example, an absorption solution containing a small proportion of ammonia, such as water) that flows down in an oblique spiral shape, and flows as a concentrated absorption solution. The absorption vessel 25 accommodates the concentrated absorption solution thus flowing down to the level 28, and the concentrated absorption solution flowing from the absorption vessel 25 through the outer conduit 27 of the liquid heat exchanger 26 (double tube) is passed through the flow dividing device. 29
and through the lower portion 30 of the conduit 31, rising through the liquid circulation pump 32 and returning through the inner tube 41 of the liquid heat exchanger 26.

The heat source of the boiler device 22 is an electric heater 34 surrounded by a sleeve 33 or a gas burner (not shown), and if a gas burner is used, a flame path 38 is provided.

A conductor 35 passing through a thermocouple 36 connects the electric heater 34 to a power source 37.
, for example connected to the mains voltage on an accumulator or to a generator.

Connected to the sensing body 40 by the pulse conductor 39, the sensing body 40
operates according to the evaporation temperature in the evaporation section within the freezer compartment.

Conduit 31 forms a steam conduit to a condenser 42 having fins 43.

The inner tube 41 of the liquid heat exchanger 26 is connected to the lower end of the conduit for the dilute absorption solution, and the conduit 45 for the rich gas, which has one end near one end of the vapor cavity of the absorption vessel 25, is connected to the conduit 44.
thermally connected to the

A conduit 46 is provided for conducting the refrigerant condensate downwardly from the condenser 42 into a conduit 47, a conduit 47 constituted by a coiled tube is wound around the gas heat exchanger 23 and is connected to a conduit 48 for the cold gas. Connect to.

A conduit 48 for rich, cold gas constituted by a coiled tube provided inside this conduit 47, and a diluted gas conduit 48 constituted by a similar coiled tube provided with a diameter and pitch approximately equal to the gap between the coiled tubes. The lower end of a conduit 49 for a rich gas is connected to the upper end of a conduit 45 for a rich gas and a conduit 44 for a dilute absorption solution, respectively, and a conduit 48 for a rich and low temperature gas and a conduit for a dilute gas are connected. 49 and a gas heat exchanger 23 that is thermally connected to each other.

The upper part of the conduit 49 is formed with an upwardly directed chevron 50 which is connected to a connection point 51 which is connected to the upper part of the conduit 48 via an evaporator 19 .

Very low steam temperature occurs in the evaporator 19 or tube coil 53 (
An absorption refrigeration system is constructed as shown in Figure 2).

A ventilation conduit 54 between the condensing device 42 and the gas circulation system is arranged in a known manner.

In the embodiment shown, this vent conduit 54 is connected to a conduit 45 for rich gas from the gas heat exchanger 23 .

As is apparent from FIGS. 2 and 3, the gas heat exchanger 23 is almost completely contained within the window 18 in the rear wall 11 of the box and is surrounded by high quality insulation, which insulator The remaining void space is filled with polyurethane foam which also contains heavy gases.

As is clear from FIGS. 2 and 4, the tube coil forming the evaporator 19 is of such a design that it covers approximately the entire cross section of the cavity 20 of the box, thereby dividing the cavity 20 into two chambers. It is something.

As mentioned above, the first evaporator section or tube coil 53 of the evaporator on the left in FIG.
℃ and -22℃.

The remaining part of the evaporator 19 on the left in FIG. 4, i.e. the second evaporator section 64, has a somewhat higher temperature, but its temperature is below the temperature required for storage of frozen goods, for example -22.
and -19°C.

In particular, as is clear from FIG. 4, which illustrates the features of the invention, a refrigerant such as dichlorodifluoromethane (F12 The evaporator 19 is arranged to work with a heat transfer device for the evaporation and condensation of ).

The condensing section 56 of the heat transfer device has a tube coil below and thermally connected to the first evaporating section 53 in intimate contact therewith.

The condensed refrigerant is conducted by a conduit 57 downwardly towards the bottom wall 10 of the refrigerator where the conduit connects the tube coil 5 which generally covers the bottom wall 10.
Shape 8.

A conduit 59 extends upwardly from the tubing coil 58 to a tubing coil 60 which defines a shelf or a portion of the shelf within the chamber 55.

From the tube coil 60 via a conduit 61 to a horizontal tube coil 62 in the storage chamber 55 and from there to a conduit 63.
The refrigerant is directed upwardly into the condensing section 56 through the condensing section 56 .

Conduit 56. 63 and the tube coils 58, 60, and 62 constitute a heat transfer device.

The second evaporator section 64 of the absorption refrigeration device is thermally connected to a heat exchanger plate 65 made of aluminum, for example, which forms a freezing rack in the freezer compartment 66 above the evaporator 19. .

The operation of the absorption refrigeration system, particularly the refrigeration cycle, will be explained with reference to the cycle diagram 1a.

The circulating fluids are gases and liquids, and the gases, as mentioned above, are not absorbed into absorption solutions such as ammonia vapor and water as refrigerants, and are then not evaporated, acting only as a medium to create the necessary pressure, but in refrigeration. Hydrogen and its mixture gas are called inert gases in the sense that they are not directly involved in the process, and as liquids, there is a concentrated absorption solution that absorbs a large proportion of ammonia in water, and a small proportion of ammonia in water. There are dilute absorption solutions that absorb ammonia and liquid ammonia that is created by condensing ammonia vapor.

In Figure 1a, ammonia vapor is shown as ○, hydrogen gas is shown as △, their mixed gas is shown as ○△, concentrated absorption solution is shown as 1, dilute absorption solution is shown as 10, and liquid ammonia is shown as ×. The flow directions of gas and liquid are illustrated by dotted line arrows and solid line arrows, respectively.

Initially, as described above, flow flows from the absorption vessel 25 through the outer pipe 27 of the liquid heat exchanger 26 and the flow divider 29 into the lower part 30 of the conduit 31 and thence into the lower part of the liquid circulation pump pipe 32. The concentrated absorbing solution receives heat from the electric heater 34 or burner, and the heat drives out ammonia vapor from the concentrated absorbing solution, and the concentrated absorbing solution becomes a dilute absorbing solution, which is mixed with the ammonia vapor and becomes lighter. The liquid then rises into the liquid circulation pump 32, reaches its top and descends through the inner conduit 41 of the liquid heat exchanger 26 from the level 102 therein and flows horizontally before rising. and flows through conduit 44 to level 106.

In this case, the ammonia vapor mixed into the inner conduit 41
It flows into the outer conduit 27 through a number of holes (not shown) provided above and around it, passes through the upper cavity of the diverter 29 and originates in the lower part 30 of the conduit 31. It joins with the ammonia vapor and rises in the conduit 31 to the condenser 4.
Flows into 2.

In the condenser 42, the ammonia vapor is condensed into liquid ammonia and remains as is.
Liquid ammonia flows to the left in FIG. 1a down conduit 46 to level 107, flows into condensate conduit 47 and spirals up it to point 52 and from there to connection point 51. It then flows further to the evaporator 19 together with the hydrogen gas present there.

The liquid ammonia flows into the first evaporating section 53 (see Figures 3 and 4) of the evaporator 19 and is partially evaporated by thermal contact with the condensing section 56, leaving the first evaporating section 53 at a very low temperature, e.g. The product is cooled to a temperature between -33°C and -22°C, and further flows into the second evaporating section 64, where it receives heat from the items in the freezing compartment 66 above it through the heat transfer plate 65, and evaporates it all. and a temperature higher than that of the first evaporation section 53, for example -22°C and -5°C.
The second evaporator section 64 is cooled to a temperature between
Freeze the items in step 6.

The ammonia gas thus produced is mixed with hydrogen gas and flows spirally therein from the second evaporation section 64 of the evaporator 19 to the conduit 48 as shown in FIG. The ammonia gas from the conduit 46 branched from the left end of the condenser 42 and a small amount of hydrogen gas accompanying it join together and flow down into the upper space of the absorption vessel 25. It then spirals up into the absorption device 24 therein.

The dilute absorbent solution in the conduit 44 reaches the level 106 and flows down the absorber 24 as droplets in a spiral pattern, absorbing ammonia gas from the rising gas mixture along the way and forming a concentrated absorbent solution. The concentrated absorption solution then flows into the absorption vessel 25, in which the concentrated absorption solution reaches level 28 relative to level 105 in conduit 31, and the cycle repeats.

As further illustrated in FIG. 4, in order to store the items in storage chamber 55 at a low temperature, the refrigerant as described above flows down from condensing section 56 through conduit 57 to the tube coils in bottom wall 10. 58, conduit 59, tube coil 60, conduit 61, tube coil 62, and conduit 63, during which it is evaporated little by little to maintain a low temperature.

As is clear from the above, hydrogen gas is transferred from the upper space of the absorption container 25 to the absorption device 2 along with ammonia vapor.
4 and meanwhile descending condensate droplets absorb the ammonia vapor and only hydrogen gas rises through the upper part of conduit 44 and through conduit 49 and passes through chevron 50 and point 52 where it passes through conduit 47 The ammonia vapor and liquid ammonia flow from the evaporator 19 to the evaporator 19 where the liquid ammonia evaporates and a mixture of vapor ammonia and hydrogen gas flows from the evaporator 19 through conduits 48 and 45. Returning to the upper space of the absorption vessel 25, the hydrogen gas repeats this cycle.

The ammonia vapor rising in conduit 31 and flowing through condenser 42 is inevitably accompanied by a small amount of hydrogen gas, not shown in FIG. Gas flows through vent tube 54 and enters the cycle.

When there are frozen goods in the storage compartments 55, 66 of the refrigerator mentioned above, the total evaporator 19 maintains the temperature below the temperature required for storage of the frozen goods, for example -30 DEG to 19 DEG C.

The operation of the absorption refrigeration system is controlled by a thermocouple 36 during electrical operation and by a corresponding thermocouple (not shown) for controlling the gas supply to the burner during gas operation.

The items will be frozen on a rack or heat exchanger plate 65 in the freezer compartment 66.

Such items must be pre-chilled in a freezer.

The article then has a temperature of +5°C.

In that case, the second evaporator part 6 of the evaporator of the absorption refrigeration device
The evaporation temperature within 4 varies considerably.

Initially, evaporation of the refrigerant in the evaporator occurs in second section 64 at a temperature between about -22°C and -5°C.

Absorption refrigeration systems operate continuously because they do not sense low temperatures that would cause the thermocouple absorption refrigeration heat source to shut off or adjust to minimum capacity.

Although the storage temperature in the refrigerator must therefore be considered as limiting the efficiency of absorption refrigeration systems as compared to other types of absorption refrigeration systems, it provides relatively rapid freezing of items.

As the freezing of the item continues, the evaporation temperature in the evaporator decreases, heat transfer decreases, and when freezing is completed, the capacity of the absorption refrigeration unit is greater than the actual demand.

The thermoelectric lamp then begins to function and also regulates the low temperature generation as usual.

At the same time, at least in the case of electrical operation, the thermocouple can indicate when refrigeration is complete.

For this purpose, a glue lamp is placed in a suitable location and connected to a circuit controlled by a thermocouple.

Several variations are possible within the scope of this invention while retaining the main features of the invention as described above.

So, for example, a refrigeration shelf 65 continuous with the second evaporator section 64 of the evaporator can extend beyond the first evaporator section 53 of the evaporator by a section 67 as shown in FIG.

However, at that time, the thermal insulator 68 is connected to the first portion 67 of the shelf 65 so that the temperature in the storage compartment 55 is not noticeably affected by the items being frozen in the freezer compartment 66.
It must be provided between the evaporator section 53 and the evaporator section 53.

As illustrated in FIG.
5 to separate the second evaporator section 64 from the second evaporator section 6
It is also possible to place a removable thermal insulator 69 under 4.

Very high outside temperatures reduce the ability of the condenser to supply refrigerant condensate to the evaporator.

To achieve an improvement in this respect, blowers are arranged to increase cooling of the condensing device.

If the absorption refrigeration system is operated electrically, the electric heater 3
The blower can be driven by an electric motor connected to the power source No. 4.

In order to cool the condensing device 42 when the absorption refrigeration system is operated with gas, a blower 70 with an electric motor 71 can be provided in the holder 72 as shown in FIG.

The blower is connected to the electrical circuit 73 through the thermocouple 74 and the thermocouple is left in contact with the flame path 38 by the bracket 74.

A bimetallic switch 76 in the electrical circuit 73 causes the blower 70 to be activated when the outside temperature exceeds a given limit, e.g.
It can be made to operate at only 5°C.

As already mentioned, the invention is not limited to the embodiment shown and described above for a box refrigerator.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic rear view of a refrigerator having a component of an absorption refrigeration system, FIG. 1a is a cycle diagram showing the direction of fluid flow in the refrigerator shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3
Figure 3 is a horizontal sectional view taken along line II--II in Figure 2; Figure 3 is a vertical sectional view taken along line III--III in Figure 2;
The figure is a perspective view from the front of a box-type refrigerator with the door removed, Figures 5 and 6 are cross-sectional front views of a modified embodiment of the upper part of the refrigerator, and Figure 7 is a condenser cooled by a blower. Refrigerator No. 2
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line Vll-Vll in the figure. In the figure, 53 is a first evaporation section, 55 is a storage chamber, 56 is a condensation section, 56 to 63 are heat transfer devices, and 64 is a second evaporation section.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] To freeze and store the goods, an absorption refrigeration device operates with an inert gas, and a heat transfer device 56-operates with the condensation of the refrigerant in the condensing section 56 and the evaporation of the refrigerant in the evaporation sections 58-62. 63, the evaporator 53 of the absorption refrigeration system.
64 is a refrigerator having a first evaporator section 53 operating at a low temperature and a second evaporator section 64 operating at a high temperature, the second evaporator section 64 is arranged for freezing, and the first evaporator section 53
are thermally connected to the condensing section 56 of the heat transfer device 56-63 and the evaporation section 58, 60.6 of the heat transfer device 56-63 for absorbing heat from the storage chamber 55 containing already frozen goods.
A refrigerator characterized by arranging 2.