JPS5953319B2 - Dispersed fuel composition - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an acid dispersed fuel composition, and more particularly to a dispersed fuel composition in which fine coal powder is dispersed in a hydrocarbon oil.

Petroleum is an energy source that is currently used in large quantities, but there are concerns that it will run out soon because its reserves are limited and consumption is large.

Nuclear power and coal are said to be the alternatives, but at present, the use of nuclear power is not progressing as expected, and from the perspective of ensuring energy stability, it is important to make effective use of coal, which exists in abundance around the world. Although this is absolutely necessary and efforts are being made to develop technologies for coal gasification and liquefaction, it is expected that it will still take a considerable amount of time to put it into practical use.

On the other hand, distributed fuel has been attracting attention as a technology that could be put to practical use in the very near future.

In other words, fine coal powder is mixed with hydrocarbon oil and a dispersant is added to keep it in a homogeneous state for a long period of time.

Such dispersed fuels can be combusted in the same way as ordinary liquid fuels, and are particularly promising for thermal power reactors and large boilers that burn large amounts of crude oil or heavy oil, as they can save on crude oil.

However, the dispersion fuels that have been studied so far are those that mix fine coal powder, hydrocarbon oil, and water to form a gel or thixotropic emulsion (Japanese Patent Publication No. 40-1269, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 51-66302). ) is said to be effective in reducing nitrogen oxides in exhaust gas, but it causes a decrease in combustion efficiency and is disadvantageous in terms of cost for mass transportation.

The present inventors have discovered a dispersed fuel composition in which fine coal powder is stably dispersed in hydrocarbon oil without adding water as described above.

That is, the present invention is a dispersed fuel composition in which fine coal powder is stably dispersed in hydrocarbon oil for a long period of time by adding a phosphoric acid ester or a phosphoric acid ester salt as a dispersant.

As the phosphoric acid ester used as a dispersant of the present invention,
Monohydric or polyhydric alcohol phosphate ester, i.e. n
- Phosphate esters such as octyl alcohol, 2-ethylhexyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerin, pentaerythritol, and sorbyl, as well as these alcohols, alkylphenols, fatty acids, fatty acid amides, and There are fatty acid partial esters of alcohols, and phosphoric acid esters of compounds in which alkylene oxides such as ethylene oxide and propylene oxide are added to compounds with active hydrogen such as amines.

These phosphoric acid esters can be easily obtained by reacting alcohols or alkylene oxide adducts with phosphorus pentate.

Phosphate ester salts include metal salts and amine salts of the phosphate esters, and metal salts include lithium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, barium,
Various metal salts such as zinc, aluminum, lead, tin, copper, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, and nickel are used, and amine salts include ammonia, methylamine, butylamine, dodecylamine, dibutylamine, dimethyldecylamine, ethylenediamine, and diethylenetriamine. Various aliphatic and aromatic amine salts are used, such as monoethanolamine, jetanolamine, triethanolamine, aniline, and benzylamine.

The coal used in the present invention may be from any source, and the particle size of the fine powder is suitably from 1 to 100 microns.

The hydrocarbon oil has a pour point of 50° C. or lower and a boiling point of 30° C. or higher, and may be crude oil, light oil, or heavy oil, and may be from any production area.

The fuel composition of the present invention can be prepared by thoroughly dissolving a dispersant in hydrocarbon oil and stirring and mixing it with fine coal powder, or by mixing fine coal powder that has been thoroughly mixed with a dispersant in advance with hydrocarbon oil. It can be obtained by stirring and mixing, or by stirring and mixing the three components at a constant mixing ratio using a proportional injection pump or the like.

The stirrer used for mixing is not particularly limited, but commonly used colloid mills, homogenizers, ultrasonic stirrers, and the like are preferred.

The composition of the dispersed fuel composition produced by the above method is 10 to 90% by weight of fine coal powder and 110 to 9% by weight of hydrocarbon oil.
0% by weight, dispersant 0.01-5% by weight, preferably fine coal powder 40-70% by weight, hydrocarbon oil 30% by weight.
~60% by weight, and 0.1-2% by weight of dispersant.

Most of the dispersed fuel compositions of the present invention are in the form of a liquid, but some have a thixotropic gel form.

A substance exhibiting a thixotropic gel-like state will remain gel-like even if the container is broken or overturned and spilled, and will not spread over a wide area.

It also exhibits fluidity easily by stirring with a small amount of force; it can also be transported through pipes.

Next, the present invention will be explained with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples.

Examples 1 to 41 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 A dispersant was added to hydrocarbon oil (C heavy oil from the Middle East: pour point 15°C or crude oil from Indonesia: pour point 35°C), and the Middle East C heavy oil was mixed at room temperature. Stir the crude oil at 45°C to dissolve it well, add pulverized Hokkaido charcoal, Australian charcoal, or Chinese charcoal (all particle sizes are 33 to 74μ), and use a homogenizer to dissolve 8000 to 11000 charcoal.
A dispersed fuel composition was obtained by vigorous mixing at 0 rpm for 5 minutes.

The stability of the obtained dispersed fuel composition was measured at a predetermined temperature and the results are shown in Tables 1 to 4.

In addition, stability was determined to be stable when the mixture could be stirred with a small resistance when stirred with a glass rod, and the number of days until a large resistance was felt when stirring was determined.

In the comparative example, a nonionic surfactant that is often used as a dispersant was used.

From Tables 1 to 4, it can be seen that the dispersed fuel composition using a nonionic surfactant as a dispersant, which is often used in normal non-aqueous dispersion, settles and consolidates within one day, whereas phosphoric acid ester or phosphoric ester The dispersed fuel composition of the present invention using a salt as a dispersant has a stability of 2 months or more, which is sufficient for practical use.

Although most of the dispersed fuel compositions of the present invention are in liquid form, the dispersed fuel compositions in Examples 8 to 10 in Table 1 using phosphoric acid ester of 2-ethylhexyl alcohol as a dispersant are in the form of a thixotropic gel. and became fluid with slight stirring.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A dispersed fuel composition in which fine coal powder is dispersed in hydrocarbon oil, which contains monohydric or polyhydric alcohols, alkylene oxide adducts of these alcohols, alkylene oxide adducts of alkylphenols, fatty acid Dispersed fuel characterized by containing a phosphate ester or phosphate ester salt of an alkylene oxide adduct, an alkylene oxide adduct of a fatty acid amide, an alkylene oxide adduct of a polyhydric alcohol fatty acid partial ester, or an alkylene oxide adduct of an amine. Composition. 2 Hydrocarbon oil is 10-90% by weight, coal fine powder is 10% by weight.
90% by weight and 0.01 to 5% by weight of the phosphoric acid ester or phosphoric ester salt. 3 Claim 1 or 2 which is in liquid form
Dispersed fuel composition as described in . 4. The dispersed fuel composition according to claim 1 or 2, which is in the form of a thixotropic gel.