JPS5953164A - Electric driver - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an electric screwdriver, and particularly to an electric screwdriver that can be used manually by locking the rotation of the drive shaft.

With an electric screwdriver, the drive shaft to which the screwdriver bit is connected is connected to the motor, so even if you want to use it manually, the KFiA screwdriver may spin idly and make a noise, or the tanabata and drive shaft may This places an excessive load on the reduction gear train in between. Therefore, if manual use is also considered, a locking means for locking the drive shaft against the shaft is required. This is particularly desirable in devices that use batteries as a power source. However, conventional locking means are inconvenient to use, since they are manually unlocked even when they are manually locked. To solve this problem, a system has been proposed in which a planetary device and a ratchet mechanism are used in combination, and locking and unlocking can be performed without manual operation. As shown in Fig. 1, this is a carrier (1
3) and ratchet teeth (+8) on the outer peripheral surface.
form a pair of ratchet pawls (
14) Attach the ++ uniform and use the leaf spring θη supported in the center by the support pin (!9) to connect both ratchet pawls (14) (15
) are respectively engaged with the ratchet teeth 08), one ratchet pawl (14) rotates the drive shaft in the clockwise direction in Figure 1, and the other ratchet pawl (16) rotates the drive shaft in the first direction.
In the figure, rotation in the counterclockwise direction is prevented. Then, connect both ratchet pawls (14) θ to the leaf spring θ7) K.
A cam (1
6), the solar element A is connected to Tanabata, and the Moon Tsuyu M4A is installed on Ishinataru A in the planetary device supported by the planetary device (1).Now, Tanabata is rotated. When not in use, both the ratchet pawls (14) (151) engage with the ratchet teeth (18) to prevent the drive shaft from rotating in both directions (IL).
Rotate Yu + Celia (1□□□ in Figure 1 (a) K
As shown in the figure, when a clockwise rotational force T1 is applied, the rotation in this direction is prevented by the ratchet pawl (14), but the reaction force is generated by the cam (16), which is a counter force. A counterclockwise rotational force T2 is generated, and this rotational force T2 causes the cam (1B) to rotate counterclockwise, as shown in FIG. Let go. After this, the ratchet claw (
14), the counterclockwise rotation of the cam (16!) is prevented by contact with the cam (16!).
The evening rotation rotates the rear motor (13), that is, the drive shaft, clockwise by the rotational force T1. When the rotation of the Tanabata is stopped and the screws are manually tightened, a counterclockwise rotational force T3 is generated from the driver pit side in the screwdriver (13) as shown in FIG. 1(c). However, the rotation in this direction is a creeping chet claw (+6
) engages and prevents the ratchet tooth (+81), so the rear cam (13) does not rotate and the cam (+6) does not rotate clockwise, so the housing (
1) Screw tightening can be performed by manually rotating. Also, when loosening the screws manually from this state,
As shown in Figure (d), a clockwise rotational force T4 is applied to the driver (13!) from the driver pit side, and +
Ceria (13) starts rotating in this direction. Then, the internal shell A, which is engaged with the planet A supported by the rear wheel, also rotates in the same direction to release the ham (16) from the ratchet lid claw (14), and the ratchet claw (+4) 1i-ratchet tooth ( +8) In order to re-integrate with Figure 1(a)
OF, which returns to the state shown in K and enables manual loosening of the screw.Of course, the same holds true even when the rotation of the screw is in the opposite direction.

In this way, there is no need for any operation to switch between manual and electric mode, and the switching is done automatically by the rotation of the motor and the rotation of the drive shaft from the driver pit side. However, the following problems still exist. In other words, when operated manually, there is no problem with it falling (4), but when operated electrically, the one ratchet pawl that is not pressed by the cam is always engaged with the ratchet teeth, and the drive shaft is As it rotates, it makes contact with the ratchet teeth and generates noise, which also causes load loss.

The present invention has been made in view of these points, and its purpose is to automatically lock and release the drive shaft depending on whether it is used electrically or manually. An object of the present invention is to provide an electric screwdriver that does not generate ratcheting noises during use.

To explain the present invention below, the present invention consists of three planets A supported by a sun child A, an internal air A, and a planet A supported by a SELIA.
Consisting of members, one of which is used for Tanabata and the other
The member includes a driver pit and a planetary device, and engages with any one of a plurality of retaining parts formed in the circumferential direction of the drive shaft to connect the drive shaft to the opposite side of the drive shaft relative to the housing. A lock means for preventing rotation; and a cam provided on the free rotation member of the planetary device to separate the lock means from the engagement portion by rotation of the free rotation member, thereby freeing the drive shaft to rotate in the forward and reverse directions. This structure is unique in that the lock is released not only when the drive shaft rotates in one direction, but also when the free rotating member of the planetary device first moves when using electric power. During rotation, both forward and reverse rotations of the drive shaft are unlocked, and will be described in detail below based on the illustrated embodiment.

As shown in Fig. 2, this electric screwdriver has an elongated cylindrical housing (1) for ease of use as a manual screwdriver, and a screwdriver pit (8) is attached to one end in the axial direction. Switch Hashidol on the side (
45) and a switch 0 button (46), #t
A load adjustment lever 1) for a clutch, which will be described later, is provided at the I end. (7) is the driver pit (8
) is the drive shaft to which it is attached. In the front part of the housing f1) in which a storage battery (not shown) is loaded in the rear end part, there is a heptad (2), a clutch, a two-stage planetary reduction gear, and a locking means according to the present invention for controlling the same. The planetary devices are housed sequentially in the axial direction.

Of these mechanisms housed in the gear case 39) press-fitted into the housing +1+, we will first explain the locking means and the planetary device for controlling it. (3) and the internal A (5) rotatably stored in the gear case (9).
), and a plurality of planetary axes (4) that engage with the sun a (3) and the isternal a (6) K, and are equipped with support shafts for each planet a (4) + Seria (6) is the drive shaft (7
) is integrally provided at the rear end of the cow ceria (6), and furthermore, a plurality of retaining portions (10) are provided in the shape of a gear on the outer peripheral surface of the bovine ceria (6). By engaging this retaining portion 101K, the drive shaft (7)
The house? / 'j fl) The locking means for preventing rotation in the forward and reverse directions is a pair of pins (1
1) (12) and a leaf spring Oη. Both pins (
11) (As shown in Figures 4 and 5, +21 is a shaft part (see Fig. It also has a locking pawl (5) that engages with the gear-shaped retaining part [01
0) (50) K adjacent to sloped surface (49) (49)
The locking pawls (50) are engaged at both ends of the leaf spring 0η whose center is supported by a support pin (+9) protruding inside the gear case (2).
is biased in the direction of engagement. Here both pins +It
) [+2), one pin (11) is connected to the drive shaft (7
) in the clockwise direction in FIG.
This is to be prevented by coordinating with On the other hand, the internal plane (6) as a freely rotating member integrates a cam (9a) shaped like a circular arc from one end surface in the axial direction and a cam (9b) located between both ends of this cam (9a). Each pin (1 pin) is extended between both ends of the cam (9a) and both ends of the cam (9b).
1) (+21) is located at the position. Therefore, if the internal aperture (6) rotates clockwise in Fig. 4, one end of the cam (9a) will push up the pin (I21) and lock it. L to separate the cam (12) from the part (lO)
At the same time, the cam (9b) is connected to the inclined surface (49) of the pin (11).
'ff: The cam (11) is separated from the retaining part (10) by pressing, and if the internal upper part (5) is rotated counterclockwise, the cam (9a) will be separated from the retainer (10). The cams (9b) separate the pins (12) from the respective retaining parts (10).

Next, the two-stage planetary reduction gear and Clarachi will be explained.

The two-stage planetary reduction gear consists of a first solar gear (21) attached to the rotating shaft of the t-ta (2), which is rotatable and slidable in the axial direction. A (21)
) and the internal armor (22h K, the first planet armor (feathers) that mesh with each other, the first planet armor (24) that supports the figure, the first planet armor (24) that is integrated with the first planet armor (24)) A plurality of second planets A (2 and 26 ) supporting the second + ceria?η and the second + ceria?η
The sun-f'a (3) is provided at . and,
Internal + a (22
) is used as one member to adjust the load at the beginning of sliding, and is constructed as shown in FIG. In other words, the rear end surface of the internal instep (22) has a plurality of protrusions (
34) are provided at approximately equal intervals, and a plurality of steel balls C3□□□ are inserted into holes ( The steel ball holder (36) and washer (: leprosy) held in the t-ta (2)
The mounting base (40K) is fixed to the front end surface of Mounting stand (4[)
A washer (37) that can freely slide and rotate is provided. This washer (371) receives the spring force of a plurality of compression springs C (1) attached to the positioning hole (42) of the mounting base (4Cj) through the washer, and the steel ball is placed on the rear side of the steel ball receiver (36). 351 K. On the front side of the steel ball holder C 2), the internal 10A (22 said protrusion G4
The rear end surface where 1 is provided contacts the steel ball (351).

In the figure (4υ mounting base (this is a stopper that is press-fitted into the am).The front f@ of the gear case 4 is fitted with an odd shape so that it can freely slide in the axial direction against the gear case and prevent it from rotating. The next adjustment body (Tung is placed, Heuji: 7ji (
1) Rotatably placed on the front end of the handle for adjusting the load
An adjustment body (plow) is screwed to the adjustment body (shaft), and between the adjustment body (shaft and the internal gear (22) l! and are provided.

Therefore, when the motor (6) is rotated to rotate between the drive shafts, the internal shaft (22) also tries to rotate, but the rotation of the internal shaft (22) is caused by the compression spring C391.
The steel ball C35+, which is in contact with the rear end surface of the internal A A (221), is prevented by the spring force from coming into contact with the protrusion I3a on the rear end of the internal A A (221).
- The rotation of the pin (2) is transmitted to the sun (3), and as a result, as shown in Figure 7 (a), a pair of pins (C11) (1
2. Rotational force T is applied to + and rear (6) where both forward and reverse rotations are prevented.
1 is applied and a reaction force is applied to the internal gear (5) to generate rotational force T2. The internal instep (5) rotates with this rotational force T2, as shown in FIG. ), and after this, the 7-ta (
2) The drive shaft (7) is rotationally driven by K.

In this way, when performing electric screw tightening work, if the torque exceeds the value required to exceed the torque according to the load torque, the internal instep (22) will rotate, that is, the clutch will start to slip. - Prevents overload from being applied to the motor (2).This also means that when tightening by electric motor, the torque reaches a predetermined value.For even higher tightening, if you want to tighten the screw with torque, , the rotation of the °C cylinder (2) may be stopped and the housing [l] may be rotated manually. The internal gear (5) K is activated when the rotation of the seventh gear (2) stops.
In order to eliminate the generated reaction force T2, the leaf spring θη
As shown in Figure (C), push down both pins/(11) 02'l to engage with the retaining parts (lO), respectively, to control the forward and reverse rotation of the drive shaft (7) with respect to the housing fl)K. prevent. Therefore, by rotating the lever 7 [1], the drive shaft (7) and the driver pit (8) to which the drive shaft (7) K is attached and connected are rotated. Since the drive shaft (7) is prevented from rotating in both the forward and reverse directions, it is possible to manually loosen the screws as well as tighten them at this time.
v: When the direction in which the one-taper (2) is rotated is reversed, the cam (9a) rotates the pin (121), and the cam (9b) rotates the pin (121).
Of course, they are the same except that 1) is separated from the holding part (lO). To adjust the slippage torque of the clutch, that is, the tightening torque when using electric power, rotate the load adjustment handle (31+) and adjust the adjustment body (3
This can be done by changing the amount of compression of the compression spring (391) by moving the internal spring (221) through the shaft pin G and washer C33).

Other embodiments of the lock means and its control mechanism are shown in FIG. 8 and below. A pair of pins (11)' (
This is the same as the previous embodiment in that two pins are used and these are held together with the holding part (lO) with a leaf spring of 0η, but from both pins (II) H as shown in FIG. A shaft is provided which is linked to each. Then, from the internal instep (5), which is a free rotating member, the cam (9) has a general arc shape in the axial direction.
) are integrated and extended. This cam (9) corresponds to the cam (9a)K in the above embodiment. As shown in Fig. 8, the leaf spring (17) engages both beefs (11) (121) with the retaining portion 001K to prevent the drive shaft (7) from rotating in the forward and reverse directions. When the cam (5) rotates in either direction, one end of the cam (9)
11) or when the pin 0 is pushed up, both link protrusions (5υ (the other pin 02) due to the engagement of 5@) or the dowel pin (11) also move, as shown in Fig. 10, the drive shaft (7
)//'i Both pins CI+) (It is released from i.

In the above embodiment, the drive shaft (7
), a pair of pins (II
) (This figure consists of +21 and a leaf spring (17).Next, in addition to the locking means, a pin that moves in the axial direction of the drive shaft (7) is provided, and the axial movement of this screw is controlled as a free rotation member. It is controlled by a surface cam that moves with the internal f (6) K, and when the pin moves in one direction due to spring bias, the retaining part fiol K pin engages and rotates the drive shaft (7) forward or backward. Even if the internal rotation is prevented, and when the pin is suppressed and moved in the other direction by the cam (9) K, the pin is completely separated from the retaining part and the drive shaft (7) is free to rotate in the forward and reverse directions. Good. In this case, by making the amount of ups and downs of the surface cam smaller than the movable range of the pin, the rotation range of the inherent f-a (5) can be restricted by the pin in exactly the same way as described in the embodiment. Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the internal f-aper (5) is used as a freely rotating member in the planetary device, but due to the characteristics of the planetary device, it may also be provided in other members. It is obvious. Also, it is optional to connect any member to the drive shaft (7) or the 7-tor (2). For example, connect the solar fa (3) to the ta-ta (21K % internal 1,000 (5) is connected to the drive shaft (7), and the planet 1000 (4) is used as a freely rotating member, to be more precise, the retainer (6
) may be used as a freely rotating member, and a retainer (6) and a K cam (9) may be provided.
In 2), the sun fa (3) may be connected to the drive shaft (7), and a cam (9) may be provided on the positive ceria (6) of the planet a (4). However, in consideration of the reduction ratio, the rotational force acting on the freely rotating member, etc., the configuration of the illustrated embodiment is preferable. Further, the configuration of the illustrated embodiment in which the cam (9) is extended in the axial direction from the natural f-a (6) has the advantage that the structure is simple. In addition, the drive shaft (7
)K steel ball (6) for fixing the 1-digit driver pit (8), steel ball (for the spring for urging the driver, steel ball placed at the rear end of the drive shaft (7)) (It is for supporting the thrust force of 611.ifC, (631 indicates the bearing metal.

As described above, according to the present invention, the operation of locking and unlocking the drive shaft with respect to the housing is automatically switched depending on the state of use of the drive shaft (electrically or manually), and does not require a switching operation. , 0-tsuku is released at the same time for forward and reverse internal rotations, and does not cause noise due to ratchet noise or load loss as shown in Figure 1. C,
Good usability for operations such as determining the Tanabata rotation and checking manual tightening, tightening by hand to obtain torque when electric power is insufficient, and manually loosening over-tightened parts. It has low noise and high efficiency.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 (b) ((ri) (d) is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the conventional example, Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing the external appearance of one embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view of the same, Fig. 4 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line X-X in FIG. 3, FIG. 5 is an exploded exploded perspective view of the locking means and its control mechanism, FIG.
Figures (a), (b), and (c) are explanatory diagrams of the same operation as above, Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment, Figure 9 is a perspective view of the pin as above,
Figure 10 is an explanatory diagram of the same operation as above, where (1) is the housing, (2) is the Tanabata, (3) is the sun, (4) is the planet A, and (5) is the internal A. , (6) is a retainer,
(7) is the drive shaft, (8) is the driver pit, (9)
(9a) (9b) is a cam, (101 retaining part, (II
) (121 indicates a pin, Oη indicates a leaf spring. Agent Patent Attorney Ishi 1) Long 7 Figure 5 Figure 6' ・ ``°1゜°ノ゛ ・3.i-(9a. Figure 8 Figure 9 figure

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] +1+ It is composed of three members: the sun gear, the isternal A, and the planet A supported by the Siyariya, one of which is used for Tanabata, and the other member is used for the driver pit. The remaining member connected to the connected drive shaft is the screw: J
The part △ is engaged with one of a plurality of retaining parts formed circumferentially on the moving shaft. A locking means for preventing forward and reverse cylinder rotation of the drive shaft with respect to the housing, and a locking means provided on the free rotating member of the planetary device and separating the locking means from the retaining part by rotation of the free rotating member to prevent the forward and reverse cylinder rotation of the drive shaft. An electric screwdriver (2) characterized in that the locking means comprises a cam that allows free rotation of the drive shaft. Claim 1, characterized in that the cam is configured with a leaf spring that biases toward the retaining portion, and the cam is integrally extended in the axial direction from the natural upper as a free rotating member. electric screwdriver.